DATE : 27-12-2019 9
DAILY CURRENT NEWS
IAS PRE : Current Important Topic’s Gist
Kalaripayattu is a martial art based on the ancient knowledge of the human body.
Kalaripayattu is a Martial art which originated as a style in Kerala during 3nd century BC to the 2nd century AD. Kalaripayattu is now practised in 1. Kerala and 2. In some parts of Tamil Nadu. The place where this martial art is practised is called a 'Kalari'. It is a Malayalam word that signifies a kind of gymnasium. Each warrior in the Sangam era received regular military training. Military academies, known as kalari, were created to instruct young people on how to use weapons and then join local troops. The word Kalari first appears in the Tamil Sangam literature to describe both a battlefield and combat arena. Note- Kalari literally means 'threshing floor' or 'battlefield'. It is also considered to be one of the oldest fighting system in existence. Note- It is also considered as the father of modern Kung - Fu.
Other Important Facts
Kalaripayattu techniques include a combination of steps (Chuvatu) and postures (Vadivu). Chuvatu literally means ‘steps’, the basic steps of the martial arts. Vadivu literally means ‘postures’ or stances are the basic characteristics of Kalaripayattu training. Named after animals, they are usually eight in number. It aims at giving a practitioner of the art, perfect control over his body balance, flexibility, stamina and speed, and an ability of the body to react instinctively to the senses. Kalarippayatu includes strikes, kicks, grappling, preset forms, weaponry and healing methods. Kalaripayattu masters practiced not only the martial craft, but also medicine (kalari chikitsa) and herbalism, which they used to heal the wounds of soldiers who had been hurt in battle. There are 3 acknowledged styles of Kalaripayattu – Northern, Southern and Central – with the names referring to different parts of the Kerala region. The southern style, is called as adi murai. Northern kalari payat is based on the principle of hard technique, while the southern style primarily follows the soft techniques, even though both systems make use of internal and external concepts. The Northern and the Southern styles each have their own mythical gurus – Parashurama and Agastya Muni, respectively – and their own founding myths. Kalaripayattu movements find their inspiration in the power and strength of animals. There are around 10 animal postures – depending on different Kalaripayattu schools – such as the elephant, lion, boar, cock, peacock, fish, horse, cat, turtle and snake. For each of them, a specific kind of energy is presented. It is a combination of tension, relaxation, focus and readiness – all at the same time.
Other popular Martial Art in India
1. Silambam – Tamil Nadu
3. Thang Ta – Manipur
4. Lathi Khela – West Bengal
5. Pari Khanda – West Bengal
6. Pari Khanda – Bihar
7. Mardani Khel – Maharashtra
8. Kathi Samu – Andhra Pradesh
9. Huyen Langlon – Manipur
10. Sarit Sarakh – Manipur
11. Chheebi gud gaa – Manipur
12. Sqay – Kashmir
13. Thoda – Himachal Pradesh
14. Paika Akhada – Odisha
15. Musti Yuddha – Uttar Pradesh
IAS PRE EXPECTED QUESTION
1. Kalaripayattu is the martial art dance of which state of India? (a) Karnataka (b) Kerala (c) Tamil Nadu (d) Manipur
Ans.(b)
2. Consider the following pairs of Tradition vs state: (IAS-2018) 1. Chapchar Kut festival : Mizoram 2. Khongjom Parbha ballad : Manipur 3. Thang-Ta dance : Sikkim
Which of the pairs given below is/are correct? (a) Only 1 (b) Only 1 and 2 (c) Only 3 (d) Only 2 and 3
Ans.(b)
3. Consider the following (IAS-2009) Tradition State 1. Gatka, a traditional martial art Kerala 2. Madhubani, a traditional painting Bihar 3. Singhey Khababs Sindhu Darshan Festival Jammu & Kashmir
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
(a) Only 1 and 2 (b) Only 3 (c) Only 2 and 3 (d) 1, 2 and 3
Ans.(c)
4. With reference to India’s culture and tradition, what is ‘Kalaripayattu? (IAS 2014-I) (a) It is an ancient Bhakti cult of Shaivism still prevalent in some parts of South India (b) It is an ancient style bronze and brasswork still found in southern part of Coromandel area (c) It is an ancient form of dance-drama and a living tradition in the northern part of Malabar (d) It is an ancient martial art and a living tradition in some parts of South India.
Ans.(d) *****
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