Thuidium and Related Genera in China

Ann. Bot. Fennici 40: 129–133 ISSN 0003-3847 Helsinki 28 April 2003 © Finnish Zoological and Botanical Publishing Board 2003

Synopsis and nomenclature of Thuidium and related genera in China

Timo Koponen1 & Andries Touw2

1) Finnish-Chinese Botanical Foundation, Mailantie 109, FIN-08800 Kirkniemi, Finland 2) National Herbarium, Universiteit Leiden branch, P.O. Box 9514, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands

Received 3 Dec. 2002, revised version received 13 Jan. 2003, accepted 17 Jan. 2003

Koponen, T. & Touw, A. 2003: Synopsis and nomenclature of Thuidium and related genera in China. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 40: 129–133.

The genera Thuidium Bruch & Schimp. and Pelekium Mitt. have ten species in China, and the genera Aequatoriella A. Touw and Bryochenea C. Gao & K.C. Chang have one species each. The generic and specifi c nomenclature of these taxa in China is com- pared and a list of recommended names is given. Pelekium microphyllum (Schwaegr.) T.J. Kop. & A. Touw (Haplohymenium microphyllum Schwaegr.) is a new combina- tion. The status of Thuidium unipinnatum Y.-M. Fang & T.J. Kop. and the genus Bryo- chenea need further study.

Key words: Aequatoriella, Bryochenea, China, Musci, nomenclature, Pelekium, Thuidium

In the years 2001 and 2002 the Chinese species confusing. The names used in the four publica- of Thuidium (s. lato) were dealt with in three tions are given in Table 1, with annotations. different papers. Fang and Koponen (2001) Only the taxa recorded from China are taken published a revision of Thuidium, Haplocla- into consideration. dium, and Claopodium of China. Touw (2001a, 2001b) presented a realignment of genera traditionally accommodated in Thuidium and Recommended names for related genera, and a taxonomic revision of Chinese Thuidium and some the Thuidiaceae of tropical Asia, the western related genera Pacifi c, and Hawaii. Wu et al. (2002) treated the family Thuidiaceae in the Moss fl ora of The following list accepts the generic concept China (English version). Touw in his studies, proposed by Touw (2001a) and is based on however, took into consideration only the taxa Table 1 and annotations 1–7. present in southern China, and some species with a northern distribution were excluded. The nomenclature in those three revisions is partly Aequatoriella A. Touw in agreement but in many cases differs both at the generic and specifi c levels, which is rather A. bifaria (Bosch & Sande Lac.) A. Touw 130 Koponen & Touw • ANN. BOT. FENNICI Vol. 40 (Mitt.) A. Touw A. (Mitt.) orientale C + var. + var. A. Touw

C. Gao & K.C. Chang (7) (Harv.) A. Touw A. (Harv.) pristocalyx (Mitt.) A. Touw A. (Mitt.) (Schimp.) A. Touw) A. (Schimp.) (Mitt.) A. Touw A. (Mitt.) (Besch.) A. Touw A. (Besch.) (Müll. Hal.) A. Touw A. (Müll. Hal.) (S.-Y. Zeng) A. Touw A. Zeng) (S.-Y. (Besch.) A. Touw A. (Besch.) (Müll. Hal.) A. Touw A. (Müll. Hal.) var. var. (Besch.) A. Touw A. (Besch.) (P. Beauv.) A. Touw A. Beauv.) (P. (Bosch & Sande Lac.) A. Touw A. (Bosch & Sande Lac.) Bryochenea Pelekium Aequatoriella Pelekium P. versicolor P. pygmaeum B. vestitissima Genus A. bifaria P. contortulum P. minusculum P. versicolor Genus P. velatum Genus P. bonianum P. haplohymenium P. fuscatum P. gratum P. versicolor Thuidium T. cymbifolium T. assimile T. pristocalyx T. subglaucinum T. pseudoglaucinum Genus P. erosifolium . (2002); and in (C) Touw (2001a, 2001b). – = not recorded. ( ) recorded from China. Touw . (2002); and in (C) Hampe & Lor. et al (Müll. Hal.) W.R. Buck & Crum (4) (Müll. Hal.) W.R. = –

(Besch.) W.R. Buck & Crum (Besch.) W.R. (4)

(Schwaegr.) P.-C. Wu, Crosby & S. He (3) Wu, P.-C. (Schwaegr.) – Broth. (1) – (Mitt.) W.R. Buck & Crum (Mitt.) W.R. (Dozy & Molk.) Dozy Molk. (2) – (Mitt.) P.-C. Wu, Crosby & S. He Wu, (Mitt.) P.-C.

(Schimp.) W.R. Buck & Crum (Schimp.) W.R. ( – S.-Y. Zeng S.-Y.

(Besch.) W.R. Buck & Crum (Besch.) W.R. (Müll. Hal.) W.R. Buck & Crum (Müll. Hal.) W.R. (Besch.) P.-C. Wu, Crosby & S. He Wu, (Besch.) P.-C. – (Bosch & Sande Lac.) M. Fleisch. (Mitt.) Jaeg. Mitt.

(P. Beauv.) W.R. Buck & Crum W.R. Beauv.) (P. Pelekium Cyrto-hypnum C. tamariscellum C. vestitissimum Genus P. velatum P. bifarium C. contortulum C. minusculum C. versicolor Genus C. bonianum C. microphyllum C. gratum C. fuscatum C. tamariscellum C. pygmaeum Thuidium T. subglaucinum T. tamariscinum T. cymbifolium T. assimile T. delicatulum T. kanedae T. submicropteris T. pristocalyx T. glaucinoides T. plumulosum T. erosifolium

A B Limpr. Thuidium (Harv.) A. Jaeger (Harv.) -M. Fang & T.J. Kop. (6) T.J. -M. Fang & – – Cardot Besch. Cardot (Müll. Hal.) Bosch & Sande Lac. (4) (Hedw.) B.S.G. (Hedw.) Y.

(Mitt.) A. Jaeger (4) (Mitt.) = (Dozy & Molk.) Dozy Molk. (Hedw.) Schimp. (Hedw.) B.S.G. (Müll. Hal.) A. Jaeger (Müll. Hal.) (Dozy & Molk.) R. Watan. (5) (Dozy & Molk.) R. Watan. Besch. Besch. Limpr. Limpr. Sakurai subgen. Microthuidium Comparison of the names in (A) Fang and Koponen (2001); in (B) Wu Comparison of the names in (A) Fang and Koponen (2001); (B) Wu le 1. T. vestitissimum – – – – – T. bonianum T. haplohymenium T. kuripanum T. fuscatum T. sparsifolium T. tamariscellum T. unipinnatum T. pygmaeum subgen. Tab Thuidium T. subglaucinum T. pristocalyx T. tamariscinum T. cymbifolium T. philibertii T. delicatulum T. kanedae T. submicropteris – – – – ANN. BOT. FENNICI Vol. 40 • Synopsis and nomenclature of Thuidium and related genera in China 131

Bryochenea C. Gao & K.C. Chang The two latter specimens were cited as Thu- idium glaucinoides by Wu et al. (2002). How- B. vestitissima (Besch.) A. Touw ever, we have not studied all the vouchers cited by them. Pelekium Mitt. 2. Wu et al. (2002) recorded Thuidium plumu- P. bonianum (Besch.) A. Touw losum from Fujian and Xizang provinces but P. contortulum (Mitt.) A. Touw Touw (2001b) did not list it from China. Two P. erosifolium (S.-Y. Zeng) A. Touw collections previously identifi ed as T. plumu- P. fuscatum (Besch.) A. Touw losum are: P. gratum (P. Beauv.) A. Touw a. Taiwan, Yang et al. 2822 (B) = T. cymbi- P. microphyllum (Schwaegr.) T.J. Kop. & A. Touw P. minusculum (Mitt.) A. Touw folium. P. pygmaeum (Schimp.) A. Touw b. Fujian, H. H. Chung B 142 (US) = T. P. velatum Mitt. cymbifolium. P. versicolor (Müll. Hal.) A. Touw The latter specimen is a duplicate of the specimen cited by Wu et al. (2002). Thuidium Bruch & Schimp.

T. assimile (Mitt.) Jaeg. 3. Touw (2001b) treated Leskea microphylla T. cymbifolium (Dozy & Molk.) Dozy & Molk. Schwaegr. as a nomen rejiciendum. We T. delicatulum (Hedw.) Schimp. agree with the opinion of Wu et al. (1999) T. kanedae Sakurai that “there is nothing to block the use of T. plumulosum (Dozy & Molk.) Dozy & Molk. Schwaegrichenʼs “microphyllum” in Cyrto- T. pristocalyx (Müll. Hall.) A. Jaeger var. pristocalyx hypnum”, or in Pelekium, either. var. orientale (Mitt.) A. Touw T. pseudoglaucinum A. Touw T. subglaucinum Cardot Pelekium microphyllum (Schwaegr.) T.J. T. submicropteris Cardot Kop. & A. Touw, comb. nova T. tamariscinum (Hedw.) B.S.G.

Haplohymenium microphyllum Schwaegr., Sp. Musc. Suppl. 3, 2(1) [pages not numbered], pl. 271. 1829. — Cyrto- Annotations hypnum microphyllum (Schwaegr.) P.-C. Wu, Crosby & S. He, Chenia 6: 7. 1999. The numbers refer to those in parentheses in Table 1. 4. Touw (2001b) synonymized Hypnum tam- ariscellum and Leskea sparsifolia with 1. The presence of Thuidium glaucinoides in Pelekium versicolor and Wu et al. (2002) continental Asia and East Asia is unlikely synonymized Leskea sparsifolia with Cyrto- (Touw 2001b). Four Chinese collections pre- hypnum tamariscellum. viously identifi ed ‘Thuidium glaucinoidesʼ 5. Wu et al. (2002) did not see Thuidium kuri- were identifi ed by the second author as fol- panum specimens from China and did not list lows: it as a synonym of Cyrto-hypnum gratum. a. C.-C. Chuang 1069 (NY) contains T. pristocalyx s.stricto. However, they knew the probable synonymy b. Guangdong, Tate s.n. (BM, NY) = T. pris- through a personal communication with A. tocalyx var. orientale. Touw (Wu et al. 1999). c. Fujian, H. H. Chung B 290 (BM, FH, US) 6. Thuidium unipinnatum Y.-M. Fang & T.J. = T. pristocalyx var. orientale. Kop., Bryobrothera 6: 38, fi gs. 17, 18. 2001. d. Taiwan, C.-C. Chuang 983 (NY), two — Cyrto-hypnum unipinnatum (Y.-M. Fang sets, contain T. pristocalyx var. orientale & T.J. Kop.) W.R. Buck, Bryologist 104: and T. assimile, respectively. 501. 2001. 132 Koponen & Touw • ANN. BOT. FENNICI Vol. 40

The strongly branched pseudoparaphyllium lications (Watanabe 1972: pl. 6, Noguchi 1991: illustrated in fi g. 17h of Fang and Koponen fi g. 380A as T. lepidoziaceum, Fang & Koponen (2001) seems to suggest Haplocladium rather 2001: fi g. 11A–F as T. vestitissimum, Touw than Thuidium subgen. Microthuidium, or Pelek- 2001b: fi g. 19 as Bryochenea vestitissima). Com- ium. The choice for Thuidium subgen. Microthu- parison of the cited illustrations and plate 460 in idium rests in fact on pluripapillose vs. smooth Wu et al. (2002) gives the impression that their apical branch leaf cells, since a delicate appear- illustration is based on a misidentifi ed specimen. ance and autoicous sexuality are common in There seems to be even larger differences both genera. As both apical cell states are present between Bryochenea ciliata and Bryonoguchia in Thuidium s. lato, and not rarely in a single molkenboeri. The latter has stems bearing species or even in a single specimen, it might not branched uniseriate paraphyllia and numerous be surprising to fi nd pluripapillose apical branch very large, foliose appendages, which often are leaf cells in a species of Haplocladium as well. strap-shaped and fringed with structures identi- The status of Thuidium unipinnatum cannot be cal in shape to the uniseriate paraphyllia. The solved satisfactorily before a taxonomic revision stem leaves are even longer (up to 2 mm) than of East Asian Haplocladia has been made, based in Bryochenea ciliata, with branched appendages on as much material as can be assembled. at the margins, and with wider leaf cells bearing large spiniform papillae (Watanabe 1972: pl. 31, 7. The status of the genus Bryochenea needs to Noguchi 1991: fi g. 388). The leaves of the ulti- be confi rmed. When describing the genus, mate branchlets are spinose–serrate and also have Gao and Chang (1982) described B. ciliata very strong papillate laminal cells. Its perichaetial and combined to Bryochenea a second spe- leaves (up to 5 mm), and setae (up to 5 cm) are cies, Thuidium sachalinense (= Helodium much longer, and judging from descriptions and sachalinense) as Bryochenea sachalinensis. illustrations in the literature, its opercula are OʼBrien (1993) and Wu and Jia (2000) studied acute or rostellate instead of rostrate. the type of Bryochenea ciliata, and came to Accordingly, the specifi c and generic status different conclusions of its identity. OʼBrien of Bryochenea ciliata remains obscure. It has (1993) and later OʼBrien and Horton (2000) been synonymized with two different species synonymized it with Thuidium vestitissimum belonging to two different genera. To us it seems Besch. (= Cyrto-hypnum vestitissimum), more closely related to Thuidium vestitissimum but Wu and Jia (2000) synonymized it with (= Bryochenea vestitissima). However, it is Bryonoguchia molkenboeri. Wu et al. (2002) possible that B. ciliata represents something accepted the latter solution, while Touw completely different, but this cannot be solved (2001b) agreed with the former synonymiza- without studying its type. tion. Touw did not have the type of Bryoche- nea ciliata at his disposal and he trusted the synonymization by OʼBrien (1993). References

On the basis of the description of Bryochenea Fang, Y.-M. & Koponen, T. 2001: A revision of Thuidium, ciliata, differences exist between it and Thuid- Haplocladium, and Claopodium (Musci, Thuidiaceae) in ium vestitissimum. The specimens studied of the China. — Bryobrothera 6: 1–81. Gao, C. & Chang, K.-C. 1982: Genera nova bryophytarum. latter (Koponen 1990, Touw 2001b) have shorter — Bull. Bot. Res. 2: 113–121. stems and far shorter leaves. The stem leaves are Koponen, T. 1990: Notes on the genus Thuidium (Musci, at most loosely appressed and have shorter and Thuidiaceae) in China. — Acta Bryolichen. Asiat. 2: 5–8. wider leaf cells; the leaves of ultimate branch- Noguchi, A. (supplemented by Z. Iwatsuki and T. Yamaguchi) lets are coarsely mammillose-serrate. Moreover, 1991: Illustrated moss fl ora of Japan 4: 743–1012, i–ix. we have not seen in T. vestitissimum a leaf like — Hattori Bot. Lab., Nichinan. OʼBrien, T. J. 1993: Bryochenea sachalinensis (Thuidiaceae) the one illustrated by Gao and Chang (table 2: new to North America in south-central Alaska. — Bry- 5). We also point out that such a leaf shape was ologist 96: 205–209. not illustrated for T. vestitissimum in other pub- OʼBrien, T. J. & Horton, D. 2000: Bryochenea (Musci: Thu- ANN. BOT. FENNICI Vol. 40 • Synopsis and nomenclature of Thuidium and related genera in China 133

idiaceae) is Cyrto-hypnum (Thuidiaceae), but B. sacha- Japan and adjacent areas. — J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 36: linensis is Echinophyllum (Thuidiaceae), a new genus 171–320. from the Pacifi c Rim. — Bryologist 103: 509–517. Watanabe, R. 1991: Notes on the Thuidiaceae in Asia. — J. Touw, A. 2001a: A review of the Thuidiaceae (Musci) and Hattori Bot. Lab. 69: 37–48. realignment of taxa traditionally accommodated in Wu, P.-C., Crosby, M. & He, S. 1999: Cyrto-hypnum Hampe Thuidium sensu amplo (Thuidium Schimp., Thuidiopsis (Thuidiaceae, Musci) in China. — Chenia 6: 1–19. (Broth.) M. Fleisch., and Pelekium Mitt.), including Wu, P.-C. & Jia, Y. 2000: A revision of Chinese Thuidiaceae Aequatoriella gen. nov. and Indothuidium gen. nov. — J. (s.l., Musci). — Acta Phytotax. Sinica 38: 256–265. Hattori Bot. Lab. 90: 167–209. Wu, P.-C., Wang, M.-Z. & Zhong, B.-G. 2002: Thuidiaceae. Touw, A. 2001b: A taxonomic revision of the Thuidiaceae — In: He, S. (ed.), Moss fl ora of China 6. Hooke- (Musci) of tropical Asia, the western Pacifi c, and riaceae–Thuidiaceae: 150–207. Sci. Press (Beijing, New Hawaii. — J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 91: 1–136. York), Missouri Bot. Garden Press (St. Louis). [English Watanabe, R. 1972: A revision of the family Thuidiaceae in version].