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Volume 1 Volume 2 Volume 3 Volume 4 Volume 5 ESTUDO DE IMPACTO AMBIENTAL - EIA UHE SÃO MANOEL SUMÁRIO GERAL Volume 1 Capítulo I – Objetivos, Aspectos Metodológicos e Informações Gerais Capítulo II – Caracterização do Empreendimento Capítulo III – Definição das Áreas de Influência Capítulo IV – Análise dos Instrumentos Legais e Normativos Volume 2 Capítulo V – Diagnóstico Ambiental 1 Introdução e Procedimentos Metodológicos 2 Meio Físico Volume 3 Capítulo V – Diagnóstico Ambiental 3 Meio Biótico - Ecossistemas Terrestres – Flora e Fauna 3 Meio Biótico - Ecossistemas Aquáticos – Limnologia, Malacofauna e Ictiofauna Volume 4 Capítulo V – Diagnóstico Ambiental 4 Meio Socioeconômico Capítulo VI – Análise Integrada Volume 5 Capítulo VII – Identificação e Avaliação dos Impactos Ambientais Capítulo VIII – Programas e Medidas Capítulo IX – Prognóstico Ambiental Global Capítulo X – Considerações Finais Volume 6 Bibliografia Glossário Equipe Técnica Anexos Parte 1 Volume 7 Anexos Parte 2 Apêndice A Estudos do Componente Indígena das UHE São Manoel e Foz do Apiacás ESTUDO DE IMPACTO AMBIENTAL - EIA Volume 3 | Capítulo V - Parte 1 Usina Hidrelétrica São Manoel Página i Esta página foi intencionalmente deixada em branco para o adequado alinhamento de páginas na impressão com a opção frente e verso. Volume 3 | Capítulo V - Parte 1 ESTUDO DE IMPACTO AMBIENTAL - EIA Página ii Usina Hidrelétrica São Manoel SUMÁRIO VOLUME 3, CAPÍTULO V – PARTE 1 3 MEIO BIÓTICO ................................................................................................... 1 3.1 INTRODUÇÃO ......................................................................................................................1 3.2 DEFINIÇÃO DAS ÁREAS DE INFLUÊNCIA ...................................................................1 3.2.1 Área de Abrangência Regional (AAR) .................................................................................... 1 3.2.2 Área de Influência Indireta (AII)............................................................................................. 2 3.2.3 Área de Influência Direta (AID) ............................................................................................. 2 3.2.4 Área Diretamente Afetada (ADA) ........................................................................................... 2 3.3 ECOSSISTEMAS TERRESTRES..................................................................................................3 3.3.1 VEGETAÇÃO.......................................................................................................................... 3 3.3.1.1 Caracterização da Vegetação na Área de Abrangência Regional (AAR)3 3.3.1.1.1 Fontes Principais de Dados................................................................................... 3 3.3.1.1.2 Descrições Gerais dos Ecossistemas..................................................................... 3 3.3.1.1.2.1 Floresta Ombrófila Aberta .................................................................................... 4 3.3.1.1.2.2 Floresta Estacional ................................................................................................ 5 3.3.1.1.2.3 Savanas (Cerrado lato sensu)................................................................................ 7 3.3.1.1.2.4 Contato Savana – Floresta Ombrófila................................................................... 8 3.3.1.1.2.5 Contato Savana – Floresta Estacional................................................................... 9 3.3.1.1.2.6 Contato Floresta Ombrófila – Floresta Estacional ................................................ 9 3.3.1.1.2.7 Formações Antropizadas na AAR....................................................................... 10 3.3.1.1.3 Florística ............................................................................................................. 11 3.3.1.2 Caracterização da Vegetação na Área de Influência Indireta (AII)...... 12 3.3.1.2.1 Metodologia de Mapeamento.............................................................................. 12 3.3.1.2.2 Caracterização da vegetação ............................................................................... 12 3.3.1.2.3 Descrição das Tipologias de Vegetação e Uso do Solo ...................................... 18 3.3.1.2.3.1 Floresta Ombrófila Densa ................................................................................... 19 3.3.1.2.3.2 Floresta Ombrófila Densa Submontana .............................................................. 20 3.3.1.2.3.3 Floresta Ombrófila Densa Submontana com Exploração ................................... 21 3.3.1.2.3.4 Floresta Ombrófila Densa Aluvial ...................................................................... 22 3.3.1.2.3.5 Floresta Estacional Decidual Submontana.......................................................... 24 3.3.1.2.3.6 Floresta Estacional Decidual Submontana com Exploração............................... 25 3.3.1.2.3.7 Formações Antrópicas......................................................................................... 25 3.3.1.2.3.8 Corpos Hídricos .................................................................................................. 25 3.3.1.3 Caracterização da Vegetação na Área de Influência Direta (AID/ADA) ........................................................................................................... 25 3.3.1.3.1 Procedimentos Metodológicos............................................................................ 26 3.3.1.3.1.1 Amostragem........................................................................................................ 26 3.3.1.3.1.2 Identificação, Preparo e Destino dos Exemplares............................................... 33 3.3.1.3.1.3 Análise dos Dados............................................................................................... 34 3.3.1.3.2 Caracterização Ecológica das Áreas Amostrais.................................................. 39 3.3.1.3.3 Dados Gerais da Amostragem de Vegetação ...................................................... 68 3.3.1.3.4 Caracterização Fitossociológica da Floresta Ombrófila Densa Submontana...... 69 3.3.1.3.4.1 Estrato Herbáceo................................................................................................. 69 ESTUDO DE IMPACTO AMBIENTAL - EIA Volume 3 | Capítulo V - Parte 1 Usina Hidrelétrica São Manoel Página iii 3.3.1.3.4.2 Estrato Florestal................................................................................................... 79 3.3.1.3.4.3 Comparação entre Floresta Ombrófila Densa Submontana na AID e ADA. ...... 95 3.3.1.3.5 Caracterização Fitossociológica da Floresta Ombrófila Densa Aluvial.............. 98 3.3.1.3.5.1 Estrato Herbáceo ................................................................................................. 98 3.3.1.3.5.2 Estrato florestal ................................................................................................. 103 3.3.1.3.5.3 Comparação entre as Unidades Amostrais da Floresta Ombrófila Densa Aluvial na AID e ADA..................................................................................................................... 117 3.3.1.3.5.4 Caracterização da Cobertura Vegetal das Ilhas................................................. 119 3.3.1.3.5.5 A Distribuição da Floresta Ombrófila Densa Aluvial em Relação ao Ciclo Hidrológico.......................................................................................................................... 121 3.3.1.4 Inventário Florestal............................................................................. 122 3.3.1.4.1 Volume de Madeira........................................................................................... 123 3.3.1.4.2 Análise Estatística ............................................................................................. 123 3.3.1.4.3 Resultados do Inventário Florestal .................................................................... 125 3.3.1.4.3.1 Resultados para Floresta Ombrófila Densa Aluvial .......................................... 125 3.3.1.4.3.2 Resultados para Floresta Ombrófila Densa Submontana .................................. 129 3.3.1.5 Avaliação de Fitomassa UHE São Manoel......................................... 132 3.3.1.6 Objetivo .............................................................................................. 132 3.3.1.6.1 Procedimentos Metodológicos .......................................................................... 133 3.3.1.6.1.1 Estimativa do Peso Total de Matéria Orgânica Arbórea ................................... 133 3.3.1.6.1.2 Estimativa dos Componentes da Matéria Orgânica Arbórea, Matéria Orgânica Morta e Total. ...................................................................................................................... 133 3.3.1.6.2 Resultados Obtidos para Fitomassa................................................................... 133 3.3.1.6.2.1 Resultados para Floresta Ombrófila Densa Submontana .................................. 134 3.3.1.6.2.2 Resultados para Floresta Ombrófila Densa Aluvial .......................................... 134 3.3.1.7 Espécies Raras e Ameaçadas de Extinção.......................................... 135 3.3.2 FAUNA TERRESTRE ..........................................................................................................137 3.3.2.1 Entomofauna (Bioindicadora) ............................................................ 146 3.3.2.1.1 Caracterização da Entomofauna (Bioindicadora) na Área
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