49334-001: Emergency Support for Chin State Livelihood Restoration

Environmental and Social Monitoring Report

# Semi-Annual Report 18 April 2019

Myanmar: Emergency Support for Chin State Livelihood Restoration Project

Prepared by the Department of Rural Development through the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation for the Government of Myanmar and the Asian Development Bank.

This environmental and social monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

Emergency Support for Chin State

Livelihood Restoration Project (ESCSLRP)

Project Number: 9185-MYA

Environmental and Social Monitoring Report

Semi-Annual Monitoring Report (July – December 2018)

Table of Contents

LIST OF ACRONYMS ...... 3 ...... 4 I. INTRODUCTION ...... 4 1. Background ...... 4

2. Environmental Safeguard Monitoring ...... 6

3. Environmental Clearances ...... 6

4. Incorporation of Environmental and Social Management Plans into the Project ...... 6

Contractual Arrangements ...... 6

5. Institutional Arrangement ...... 7

II. COMPLIANCE TO ENVIRONMENTAL/SOCIAL SAFEGUARDS REQUIREMENTS ...... 7 1. Status of Environmental and Social Management Plan Implementation ...... 7

2. Compliance to the Environmental and Social Management Plans for Output1 ...... 8

3. Compliance to the Environmental and Social Management Plans for Output 2 ...... 9

III. SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL SAFEGUARD MONITORING ...... 9 IV. KEY ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND MITIGATION MEASURES IMPLEMENTED ...... 10 1. Corrective actions on the previous non-conformances...... 10

2. Complaints Received Related to the Implementation of the Environmental and Social Management Plans ...... 10

V. CONCLUSION ...... 13 APPENDICES ...... 13

Appendices

A. Environmental and Social Management Plans for Output 1: Restored village access infrastructure with increased disaster resiliency B. Environmental and Social Management Plans for Output 2: Restored community infrastructure with increased disaster resiliency C. Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist - Roads D. Photo Log E. Project Location Map (Burmese language) F. Environmental Clearance Correspondences (Burmese language)

LIST OF ACRONYMS

ADB – Asian Development Bank AP – Affected Person DRD – Department of Rural Development

EA – Executing Agency ECD – Environmental Conservation Department EIA – Environmental Impact Assessment ESMP – Environmental and Social Management Plans ESCSLRP - Emergency Support for Chin State Livelihood Restoration Project ESS – Environmental and Social Screening ESSF – Environment and Social Safeguard Framework GIU – Grant Implementing Unit GMU – Grant Management Unit IEE – Initial Environmental Examination JFPR – Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction MLFRD – Ministry of Livestock Fisheries and Rural Development MoALI – Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation NPT – Nay Pyi Taw PPE – Personal Protective Equipment REGDF – Resettlement and Ethnic Groups Resettlement Framework RP – Resettlement Plan

I. INTRODUCTION

1. Background Heavy rains caused floods and landslides in several parts of Myanmar during June 2015. On 30 July, cyclone Komen made a landfall in Bangladesh, bringing strong winds and additional heavy rains to Myanmar, which resulted in widespread flooding across 12 of the country’s 14 states and regions. The following day, on 31 July, the president declared Chin and Rakhine States as well as Magway and Sagaing Regions as a natural disaster zones. In Chin State, the monthly rainfall in July measured at a weather station in Hakha was equal to 1-in-1,000 year rainfall. The combination of heavy rainfall, strong winds, high soil saturation, and unstable soils in hilly areas caused widespread and devastating landslides particularly in Chin. Landslide destroyed a large part of the public goods assets needed to support rural livelihoods, most importantly the rural transport network that allows people to access markets for the sale and purchase of goods and to access services provided by both public and private sectors. Approximately 460 miles of rural roads require restoration in more than seven of Chin’s townships. These roads are generally earth construction, from four to 18 feet wide and categorized as village to village and village to town roads. In addition, the floods and landslides washed away many bridges and drainage structures to prevent road flooding. The Asian Development Bank (ADB) approved the from Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) funded $8.856 million project in April 2016 under Emergency Support for Chin State Livelihoods Restoration Programme (ESCSLRP). The JFPR was established in 2000 to provide grants for projects supporting poverty reduction and related social development activities that can add value to projects financed by ADB. UNOPS and the Government of Myanmar’s Department of Rural Development (DRD) signed an agreement on 2 November 2016 to restore the damaged roads and structures. The Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation (MoALI) and the DRD are the project customers. The project implementation period is from November 2016 to 31 October 2019. The Project comprises of two outputs as listed below:

Output 1: Restored village access infrastructure with increased disaster resiliency in Chin State’s mostly-affected townships of Tonzang, Tedim, Falam, Hakha, Htantlang, Mindat and Matupi (see Appendix E for map location)

Output 2: Restored community infrastructure, such as damaged water supply pipes ana electricity power supply with increased disaster resiliency in Chin State’s mostly-affected township of Tonzang, Tedim, Falam, Hakha, Htantlang, Mindat and Matupi

Under the Output 1 - The road repair work includes spot filling on existing road surface, slab culverts, retaining walls, side drain and bio-engineering works in seven priority roads in seven

4 townships in Chin State. The total length of the roads is 153.1 miles. The progress of the road repair work during the reporting period is shown in the table below:

Overall work Progress As of 31 December 2018

Length of Road Repair /Spot Improvement Works % Lot No Township Road Time Elapsed on Progress (Miles) Lot 1 14.0 75% 99% Kyaw Htee Yar- Ze' Phile Road Htantalang Lot 2 13.85 20% 99%

Falam-Lailun-Relsing-Khuangli Road Falam 14.0 92% 99% Pimpih-Khaikam Road Tedim 10.0 98% 99% Lot 1 11.0 90% 104% Arm Sui-Maa Duu-WaiLuu Road Matupi Lot 2 11.0 90% 104% Lot 1 13.5 92% 92% Zampe Junction-Zampe-Ling Tonzang ThukHaicin-Tulkhing Road Lot 2 13.5 91% 93% Lot 1 15.3 6% 70% Shih-Tweli-Doh-Hliah Ring-Thaing Nuu- Lot 2 Mindat 15.3 15% 75% Ma Gwe Ing Nuu Road Lot 3 15.4 47% 77% Hakha-Cinkhua Junction Road (6.25 Hakha 6.25 99.7% 100% miles) 70 Feet Long Bailey Bridge in Htantlang Htantlang 40% 51% Township Total 153.1 66% 89%

Under the Output 2 - As of 31 December 2018, the progress on the restoration of damaged water supply pipes and electricity power supply (micro-hydropower) schemes based on revised list of villages is given below: Townships No of Damaged Total Completed Remaining Remarks Schemes (No)

Tonzang, Tedim, Damaged Water 44 16 28 DRD has adopted Falam, Hakha, Supply Pipes and Community Based Htantlang, Schemes Development Approach for community infrastructure Mindat and (Revised list) repair works Matupi

Tonzang, Tedim, Damaged Electricity 25 5 20 DRD has adopted Falam, Hakha, Power Supply and Community Based Htantlang, Schemes Development Approach for Mindat and (microhydropower) – community infrastructure repair works Matupi Revised List

Total 69 25 48

5 2. Environmental Safeguard Monitoring

Emergency Support for Chin State Livelihood Restoration Project (ESCSLRP) was classified as an Environment Category B project under the ADB policy, as explained below. For ADB, the project is classified category B for Environment. As this project is emergency assistance, an environmental assessment and review framework (EARF), has been prepared in accordance with ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (2009) and government laws and regulations. Subproject selection criteria have been formulated to avoid significant adverse environmental impacts. Subprojects that have potential to cause significant irreversible, diverse or unprecedented adverse environmental impacts (Category A under ADB SPS (2009)) are not eligible for funding under the Grant. All subprojects will be screened. Subprojects will be categorized either B or C. For category B projects, initial environmental examinations and environmental management plans (EMPs) will be prepared. EMPs will be incorporated in bidding documents and contract documents to be implemented by contractors and monitored by the implementing agencies. Following the UNOPS guidelines, all sub-projects under the project were screened for environmental and social impacts; followed by Environmental Review and then Environmental and Social Management Plans (ESMP) were prepared for each subproject before the tendering. The ESMP contain typical road repair and construction related measures that cover impacts on air quality from the unpaved road travel and emissions from equipment, water quality deterioration from camp operation, land clearing, occupational and community health and safety, among others.

3. Environmental Clearances

Environmental Conservation Department (ECD), Nay Pyi Taw has approved EMPs for road repair / spot improvement works on 30 July 2018 (Please refer to Appendix F). The EMPs are being implemented and constantly monitored at sites.

ECD, Nay Pyi taw has not yet approved the EMP for Bailey bridge but the EMP is being implemented and constantly monitored at site.

4. Incorporation of Environmental and Social Management Plans into the Project Contractual Arrangements

The ESMP were integrated in the civil works contract. The contractors were made aware of this obligation and their safeguard performance during the construction will was supervised and monitored by UNOPS’ project manager with support of the UNOPS project engineers.

The environment and social impacts of the projects were identified in the Environment and Social Safeguard Framework (ESSF) and the mitigation measures of these impacts have been addressed through ESMP. The protection and enhancement of human-wellbeing is a common demonstrator for both government and donors systems and contributed to the ultimate goal of sustainable development.

DRD and UNOPS conducted a meeting with local authorities in the project area to create a sense of social, environmental and safety awareness within all construction activities. During the meeting, the grievance mechanism was also introduced to local communities living along the road project.

6 5. Institutional Arrangement

The DRD with the Ministry of Livestock Fisheries and Rural Development (MLFRD) is the executing agency (EA) and implementing agency for the project. DRD has established a grant management unit (GMU) at the DRD in Nay Pyi Taw.

The GMU is responsible for the project’s overall management and coordination. A project director and a deputy project director/project manager who are responsible for management and supervision of the activities head the GMU. The GMU is supported by procurement, finance, communication, gender, safeguard and other specialists as indicated in the organogram.

A grant implementing unit (GIU) has been established at Hakha in Chin State. Seven sub-GIUs were also established at the respective DRD township offices to coordinate and supervise the sub-project activities at the township level. The GIU is also supported by procurement, finance, communication, gender, safeguards and other specialists as indicated in the organogram.

The sub-GIUs have been established at respective townships headed by project manager and supported by safeguard and monitoring & evaluation specialists. UNOPS represents at all levels of grant implementation at NPT, Hakha and at the respective townships.

II. COMPLIANCE TO ENVIRONMENTAL/SOCIAL SAFEGUARDS REQUIREMENTS

The DRD is able to sustain its compliance to the environmental provisions of the ESCSLRP grant covenant. Both, general and specific ESMP form parts of the bidding documents and civil works contracts. The DRD is implementing the mitigation measures in accordance with the Government of Myanmar and ADB environmental policies and submitting timely semi-annual reports.

ADB categorized the ESCSLRP project as Category B and during the screening process following environmental issues were identified:

I) Localized issues of air pollution from vehicle and machinery exhaust, including dust and smoke during construction; II) Disturbance of river and stream ecology from construction of bridges and other drainage structures; III) Removal of vegetation and forest coverage; IV) Disturbance and damage to wildlife habitat and illegal quarrying, hunting, fishing, cutting trees etc.; V) Waste disposal causing scarring of landscape and destruction of vegetation; VI) Social issues such as noise and disturbance to nearby settlements, disputes, spread of diseases, and pollution of drinking water sources etc.; VII) Cut slopes and landslide areas.

1. Status of Environmental and Social Management Plan Implementation

ESMP were implemented in all works contracts for landslide clearance in seven townships as mentioned above and were monitored on a regular basis by the project engineers from UNOPS , DRD and contractors.

2. Compliance to the Environmental and Social Management Plans for Output1

As mentioned, the ESMP contain environmental measures that are applicable to all seven priority roads. Also, these ESMP provide measures to protect air and water qualities, avoid damages to soil, preservation of forest resources including wildlife, good practices in construction camp management, liabilities of contractor in damaging local infrastructure, and operating procedure in cases of chance archeological findings.

Overall, of the 312 mitigation measures prescribed in the ESMP, ESCSLRP achieved 88% compliance rate (see table below). Partial compliance was achieved in 37 items. A summary of ESMP Implementation by Road Segment is given below. Appendix A presents the details of ESMP implementation under this output.

Total No. Road % Mitigation Township Segment Compliance Performance Compliance Measure Name ex Not Prescribed Not Applicable in ESMP Yes Partial No Applicable ‐ Zampe Junction- TONZANG Zampe-Ling 48 40 6 0 2 87% Thuk-Haicin- Tullkhing Canadi- Tuisauh- TEDIM 24 20 3 0 1 87% Pimpih- Khaikam Shih-Twele- Doh-Hliah MINDAT Ring-Thaing 72 60 9 0 3 87% Nuu-Ma Gwe Ing Nuu Arm Sui-Maa MATUPI Duu-WaiLuu 48 40 6 0 2 87% Road Ze’phile- HTANGLANG Kyaung Htee 48 40 6 0 2 87% Yar Ha Kha-Khwa HAKHA 24 20 3 0 1 87% Be Falam-Lailun- FALAM Relsing- 24 20 3 0 1 87% Khuangli Htantlang Bailey Bridge 24 20 1 0 3 95% TOTAL 312 260 37 0 15 88%

8 3. Compliance to the Environmental and Social Management Plans for Output 2

As mentioned, the ESMP contains environmental measures that are applicable to all installation and rehabilitation of pipelines from natural springs, solar panels and charge station. This ESMP provides measures to apply to protect the structures and avoid damages. The communities in different townships are implementing the activities under this output.

Overall, of the 113 mitigation measures prescribed in the ESMP the work carried out for 18 water supply and 5 micro/ solar schemes by the communities do not pose any environmental threats and there is no specific or general ESMP, as shown below. Appendix B presents the details of ESMP implementation under this output:

Total No. % Township Name Scheme Mitigation Compliance Performance Compliance Measure ex Not Prescribed Yes Partial No Not Applicable in ESMP ‐ Applicable Tedim, Damaged water 108 72 18 0 18 Done Falam, supply pipes and Community Hakha, schemes Based Mindat Development Approach (CBDA) Damaged electricity 5 5 0 0 0 Done power supply and Community schemes Based (microhydropower) Development Approach (CBDA) TOTAL 113 77 18 0 18 86%

Overall 86% compliance had been achieved during the reporting period. III. SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL SAFEGUARD MONITORING

Inspections were conducted using an agreed-upon checklist covering the aspects of regulatory compliance and mitigation measure implementation. The inspections were led by Project Manager/ Project Engineer supported by environment focal persons. These on-site inspections focused on active construction fronts and construction camps. Road side interviews with the site engineers, workers, and residents were conducted to validate reports, while a facility walk through the campsite allowed monitoring of occupational health, safety and related mitigation measures. Finally, contractor records were reviewed to confirm site findings.

In general, if there are any issues, complaints and matters related to the impact of the projects, these matters will be informed to the DRD State Office but so far, no complaints and grievance have been reported from the community or any other stakeholders.

The ESCSLRP has been implementing the output 1 and output 2 activities in an existing road alignments and also the community infrastructures locations, there is less chance to have

9 social issues of resettlement and also the case of Land Acquisition. The project has not found any issues of Resettlement and Land Acquisition till to date.

During the reporting period from July –December 2018, no complaints were received by the GIU and sub-GIUs offices related to the impacts of road repair /spot improvement works in seven townships.

IV. KEY ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND MITIGATION MEASURES IMPLEMENTED 1. Corrective actions on the previous non-conformances

During the reporting period from January to June 2018, several outstanding non conformances were resolved and these are: I) Damaged Water supply pipelines at sites are being restored by construction companies and communities at respective townships. II) The construction debris and boulders in private land and public places were removed in all the roads. This corrective action will be continued till the project completed road repair works. III) A health awareness campaign was conducted to the workers and staff within project vicinity. Continuous improvement on PPE were observed during the reporting period. IV) All contractors are from the Chin State with very limited skilled personnel and resources and capacities, the contractors have shown significant improvement in their capacity on the traffic management and site management. UNOPS and DRD engineers still provide sufficient skills and managerial advices to the contractors at sit as well during meeting.

2. Social Complaints Received Related to the Implementation of the Environmental and Social Management Plans

During the reporting period from Jan – June 2018, no complaints were received by the GIU and sub-GIUs offices related to the negative impacts of road repair works carried out on 7 priority roads in seven townships. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM

Grievance redress mechanism is an integral part of the project’s monitoring and information system. It aims to ensure that feedback is received, that the voices from the poor and marginalized groups are heard, and that the issues raised are resolved effectively and expeditiously. A practical grievance redress mechanism (GRM) has been established as part of the project’s implementation framework. The GRM operates at township (in the GIUs) and at Union levels (in the GMU) to handle any grievance arising from the Project

In general, if there are any issues, complaints and matters related to the impact of the projects, these matters will be informed to the DRD Township, then State Office but so far, no complaints and grievance have been reported from the community or any other stakeholders.

The ESCSLRP has been implementing the output 1 and output 2 activities in an existing road alignments and also the community infrastructures locations, there is less chance to have

10 social issues of resettlement and also the case of Land Acquisition. The project has not found any issues of Resettlement and Land Acquisition till to date.

The table below lists the potential impacts (Positive and negative) of the project on EGs.

Project Outputs Anticipated Anticipated Negative Positive Effects Comments/ Remarks Effects Output 1: Men and women If modalities for Some men and women Village to of working age consultation and were engaged for landslides village and from disaster participation during project clearance works because most village to town affected preparation and subsequent of the sites machines were rural access communities and implementation are not EG used during the reporting sensitive, the following may roads and surrounding period. occur: associated villages will earn - Subprojects may not bridges cash incomes meet or match the post- repaired or from being disaster needs of the restored employed on affected EG roads/bridges communities repair works - Lack or low participation of the community, particularly women. Consultation with and participation of EGs will be done at initiation of Disaster affected subproject preparation Villagers regained access communities using a gender-and again after landslides will regain access culturally sensitive clearance works ( 65 roads to goods and approach. Informal and were cleared) services formal leaders of EGs will be engaged to help facilitate the discussions. On contracted works, Villagers got access to goods, Disaster affected members of disaster market and services. communities affected villages may lose will regain access out on employment to markets to sell opportunities to non-local their surplus laborers recruited or produce brought in by contractors. To mitigate this, contracts will require employment of Affected villagers and

11 Disaster affected local labor from households restored their villages and previous livelihood activities households will such as farming , selling be able to garden products etc restore their previous livelihood

activities or Disaster affected Most of men and some of restart new communities particularly for women were engaged in the livelihood unskilled jobs. repair/ restoration works for sources in the output 2. villages they are

relocated to

Output 2: Men and women Community of working age infrastructure from disaster and livelihood affected assets repaired communities and or restored surrounding villages will earn cash incomes through After restoration villagers got employment in their water supply and repair works electricity system.

Disaster affected villages and households will be able to restore their previous livelihood activities or restart new livelihood sources in the villages they are relocated to

12 Output 3: Men and women Once the assets have been NA Asset resilience in Chin repaired or restored, EGs’ and disaster communities general interest in other preparedness will be trained Project activities may wane. increased on community Village leaders (formal and based disaster informal) will be engaged risk to assist with provision of management community training. Participation of women will Chin be encouraged NA communities will be trained to operate and maintain community infrastructure and livelihood assets properly

The ESCSLRP has been implementing the output 1 and output 2 activities in an existing road alignments and also the community infrastructures locations, there is less chance to have social issues of resettlement and also the case of Land Acquisition. The project has not found any issues of Resettlement and Land Acquisition till to date.

During the reporting period from July to December 2018, no complaints were received by the GIU and sub-GIUs offices related to the impacts of road repairs/spot improvement works on 7 priority roads in 7 townships.

V. CONCLUSION

This ESCSLRPs semi-annual monitoring report to be prepared is the requirement as per the ADB SPS 2009 for environmental Category B projects. There are twelve separate contract packages under this project and all contract packages are in progress.

Overall, the project showed high level of compliance to the ESMP achieving 88% on Putpu1 and 86% on Output 2. Health and safety awareness trainings are being conducted and no major health and safety issues were reported. During the implementation stage the construction companies will implement Bio-engineering works for reinstate hillside slope stability and embankment in the selected seven priority roads.

Currently, the EMPs are being implemented and monitored as the works are in progress in all sites. APPENDICES

Appendix A- ESMP Output 1: Restored village access infrastructure with increased disaster resiliency

13 Sl Mitigation Measures Compliance Comments/Reasons for Issues for further action attained Partial or Non Compliance and target date (Yes, No, Partial, NA)

Landscape & visual impact

1 Removal of landslides (provisioned in the Yes Minimized the cutting and Complied. BoQs as unforeseen) spot filling/ cutting on widening for roadside drain hill sides/ valley sides. All measures have been May increase soil erosion; damage the Some bio-engineering beauty of the landscape: complied. techniques were applied to Avoid excessive cutting and filling; stabilize the roadside slopes dump landslides, debris materials and tipping areas wherever in a designated places. necessary as these are Minimize widening works. already provisioned in the BoQ and within the allocated budget.

2 Remove construction debris Partial Debris are being dumped at Complied and continue till designated areas, except in project completes steep slope, especially for foundation of structures on valley side.

3 Impose traffic controls to reduce public Yes From time to time, the road Informed public about the exposures is open for road users at timing of the work. different locations.

Ecology (habitats, flora and fauna)

4 Use of timber materials/ soil/ stones: Yes Contractors were encouraged Trees will be planted in Cutting trees by timber suppliers, to buy timbers from legally May/June as planned as per extract materials from selected registered timber suppliers, BoQ. borrow pits only with quality and Use surplus soil or use only sufficient quantities. approved borrows pits.

Archaeology and cultural heritage

5 Road Alignment: N/A No archaeological sites found N/A Avoid road alignment through along all seven priority roads. important archeological and The existing roads pass cultural heritage sites and places. through the villages. No extension of length of road is required.

Air quality (emissions and indoor and outdoor air quality)

6. Use and operation of generators, construction equipment, machinery and Minor maintenances are Continue till end of vehicles: Yes done at construction area project. • Regular maintenance of all (workshop) and the major machinery, equipment and maintenances are done at vehicles; the nearest towns. • Procure generators with less emission.

Water (usage, discharges and risk of floods)

14 7 Use of water at construction sites and camps. Flooding dues to nearby/neighbor Contractors were advised to streams/rivers find separate water source

• Avoid use of construction water from and reduce conflicts of the same source the local communities Yes water with local use communities. Use the data, information etc for further appropriate Avoid camp flooding during rainy • Monitor and record the solution if damages occur. season Yes available data

Contamination 8 Operation of camp, equipment storage, repair and fuel depots Septic tanks located at a • Construct septic tanks and soak pits Yes distance of 30m or more Complied with appropriate distance to water from underground water

sources Proper disposal of human sources, like boreholes or wastes during construction hand dug wells. Install secondary containment around • fuel tanks and at fueling stations. Waste from camps is • Prevent oil and fuel spills, control disposed in pits within the runoff from contaminated areas Yes designated areas. Time to time, all

contractor staffs were The waste from continuously reminded and workshops and fuel tanks trained to manage leakage Yes are taken into account. of fuel and lubricants at site and will continue until project completes. Energy (usage, source, cost etc)

9 Machine Yes Due to nature of terrain Complied where possible. Use labors wherever possible such as combination of both machine and work force cleaning of existing drains, bioengineering works and collection of were used. stone, sands etc Some source of sand, stones and aggregates are far, hence dump trucks are being used.

Materials (quantity and type used)

15 10. Use of sand, aggregate, stones timber products, gravel, soil from legal sources and Contractor has obtained Mitigation measures avoid resource depletion and degradation: Yes the approved clearance complied. • Encourage contractor to buy from and permit from the legally registered and environmental relevant agencies for the friendly suppliers. material surface collection • Avoid extraction of excess materials of boulders and also other and disposal of construction materials supplies are from the licensed suppliers/ traders.

Waste management 11 Disposal of solid wastes generated by the Partial Sorting wastes by category Some camps were not camp and left over of construction: before disposal e.g. maintained for waste Avoid contamination due to improper biodegradable wastes such as management but will disposal of solid wastes generated by remains of food and non- bio- improve in next reporting the camp and construction degradable wastes such as period. plastic water bottles are collected in separate

collection bins

Provided waste collection bins which should be regularly emptied in a designated

dumpsite. All contractor staff were

continuously reminded and Disposal of wastes in trained to manage waste approved disposal pits and and its proper disposal at recyclable materials to be site. recycled and organic wastes to be composted in a regular interval.

Nuisance (noise, dust vibration etc.)

12 Use of generator and concrete mixer, Yes Activities with intensive noise heavy earth moving machines during the were undertaken during least

construction: disruptive times.

Minimize noise pollution from generators and mixers disrupt nearby Consultation was done with community, public places such as the local communities and Complied. school, hospitals and to workers. their acceptance was sought.

Transport (transport / traffic plans) Movement of equipment and traffic Yes Traffic control measures and Complied management management was put Impose traffic control measures during in place at each working site movement of construction machines in consultation with village and transportation of construction head/local communities. materials.

Social Issues 13 During the construction, road will be closed Yes First provided space for free Complied. at certain frequent interval. flow of traffic at structures • Minimum road traffic and disturbance construction, manage traffic

to the community day today activities control at each location Job Opportunity during road works • Avoid conflicts for job opportunities between local community and labors Yes Maximum local labor from other areas Employment including women workers

opportunities. with equal pay for similar

types of jobs were employed Maximum available Small Scale business at site Yes by the contractors. women labors about 18 % in average were • Increase road safety due to improved engaged during road infrastructure. No Action Required construction.

Economic Opportunity 14 Income source Yes Contractors were from the Complied. • Generate income to material/ local regions ; and they used equipment suppliers and local local suppliers and local labor

communities

Job opportunity Small scale business at site

• Improvement in livelihoods and local economies

Labor Right during Construction. 15 Employment of labor Yes Labors are provided with Provide laborers and others resident at all the necessary logistics Contractor to provide all the site lodging in a camp setting and hygienic and sanitary the necessary items outside of any danger zone, food facilities at their work throughout the service facilities, safe drinking water, camps and mobile camps construction phase. adequate washing and bathing facilities too. for maintaining personal hygiene, and access to health care.

16 Employment of labor: safety Yes All the safety gadgets are Provide adequate protective gear, provided to every worker Complied maintain equipment, and train workers at site and they are made to be skilled in their jobs; record to use the safety gadgets accident frequency, apply corrective during construction hours. measures. 17 Set up of construction camps. Yes Camp facilities should be located at a • Labor camps and site distance from nearby communities. offices are located far from Complied. • Provide sanitary facilities (dry pit or the communities. Waste pour flush latrines) for workers from camps is disposed in pits within the designated areas. Bio-Engineering works

17 18 Stabilize cut slopes/ unstable slopes/ tipping The favorable season for In some roads it was sites major bio-engineering items implemented and further • Plantation, brush layering starts in June. The Bioengineering works will be Partial • Boulder barrier/live check dams construction works is in implemented in May and

• Provide timber crib walls progress. June. • Provide French drains

18 Appendix B - EMP - Output 2: Restored community infrastructure with increased disaster resiliency

Sl Mitigation Compliance Comments/Reasons Issues Measures attained for Partial or Non for (Yes, No, Compliance furthe Partial, r NA) action Installation/ Rehabilitation of pipelines from natural springs 1 Preventing contamination at Partial water sources: Structures are built with roof Complied being cover to prevent leaves and implemented I) Build a structure debris entering in to the basin through with roof over community. the water source Fences were provided to prevent by the community leaves or other

debris from

contaminating Sand/gravel filters the basin. were provided to trap II) A fence is needed to sediment protect the water sources (springs particularly) from public access and risk of contamination. III) The sand/gravel filter traps sediment before the spring flow enters the collection chamber and has to be changed during periodical maintenance.

19 2 Partial Pipe Laying:

All PVC pipes are Complied being I) PVC water transmission buried 50cm under implemented and distribution piping ground through community need to be buried underground (coverage 50cm minimum) to prevent pipe against external damage (e.g. passing vehicles, solar UV radiation, etc.). II) When conditions do not allow pipes to be buried (i.e. pipe is used above Where ever possible ground), then metal pipe metal pipes were used must be used, and supported/braced as excessive movement may lead to leaks and breaks. III) Outlet pipes and fittings from water storage/basin shall not be PVC pipe due to exposure to solar UV/sunlight. Metal piping and fittings are preferred

Rural Electrification 3 Solar Panels and Charge Station Yes Shed has been provided for the I) Provide a shed for invertor and batteries. genet (distributed Complied being electrical generator implemented charge station system) through community or pumps that are accessible for easy maintenance as regular maintenance is important to avoid

20 Appendix C Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist - Roads

Subproject Title : Emergency Support for Chin State Livelihood Restoration

Location: Chin State, Hakha

Screening Questions Yes No Remarks

A. PROJECT SITING IS THE PROJECT AREA ADJACENT TO OR WITHIN ANY OF THE FOLLOWING ENVIRONMENTALLY SENSITIVE AREAS?

 CULTURAL HERITAGE SITE X

 PROTECTED AREA X

 WETLAND X

 MANGROVE X Existing road does not affect Mangroves.  ESTUARINE X Road passes and crosses estuarine.

 BUFFER ZONE OF PROTECTED AREA X

 SPECIAL AREA FOR PROTECTING BIODIVERSITY X

B. POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS WILL THE PROJECT CAUSE…

 encroachment on historical/cultural areas; disfiguration of X landscape by road embankments, cuts, fills, and quarries?

 encroachment on precious ecology (e.g. sensitive or X protected areas)?

 alteration of surface water hydrology of waterways X Some material may unintentionally crossed by roads, resulting in increased sediment in fall in the river (minor spillage) streams affected by increased soil erosion at construction site?

 deterioration of surface water quality due to silt runoff and X sanitary wastes from worker-based camps and chemicals used in construction?

 increased local air pollution due to rock crushing, cutting and X Air pollution due to use of heavy filling works, and chemicals from asphalt processing? machines.

 risks and vulnerabilities related to occupational health and X Working with heavy machines and in safety due to physical, chemical, biological, and radiological difficult areas always includes risks. hazards during project construction and operation during project construction and operation?

21  noise and vibration due to blasting and other civil works? X Construction works always include noise and vibration.

Screening Questions Yes No Remarks  dislocation or involuntary resettlement of people? X

 dislocation and compulsory resettlement of people living in right-of-way? X

 disproportionate impacts on the poor, women and children, X Indigenous Peoples or other vulnerable groups?

 other social concerns relating to inconveniences in living X conditions in the project areas that may trigger cases of upper respiratory problems and stress?

 hazardous driving conditions where construction interferes X with pre-existing roads?

 poor sanitation and solid waste disposal in construction X camps and work sites, and possible transmission of communicable diseases (such as STI's and HIV/AIDS) from workers to local populations?

 creation of temporary breeding habitats for diseases such as X those transmitted by mosquitoes and rodents?

 accident risks associated with increased vehicular traffic, X leading to accidental spills of toxic materials?

 increased noise and air pollution resulting from traffic X volume?

 increased risk of water pollution from oil, grease and fuel X spills, and other materials from vehicles using the road?

 social conflicts if workers from other regions or countries are X Not reported yet. hired?

 large population influx during project construction and X operation that causes increased burden on social infrastructure and services (such as water supply and sanitation systems)?

 risks to community health and safety due to the transport, X No but there is a minor risk. storage, and use and/or disposal of materials such as explosives, fuel and other chemicals during construction and operation?

 community safety risks due to both accidental and natural X Properly designed structure and safely causes, especially where the structural elements or construction sites have very little risk of components of the project are accessible to members of the affected community or where their failure could result in affecting local communities. injury to the community throughout project construction, operation and decommissioning.

22 Appendix D- Photo Log

Falam Township

Final Inspection photos

23 Htantalang Township

Lot 1_Completed on Kyaung Htee Yar-Ze’Phile road

Pile construction in progress for ABT(1) and Delivery of Bailey Bridge Parts

Matupi Township

Mindat Township

Lot-1 Landslide Clearance wok to open road block

Lot 2 : Precast concrete work in progress

Lot 3 : Slab Culvert Construction work in progress

Tedim Township

Tedim Final Inspection Photos Tonzang Township

Tonzang Final Inspection Photos

Hakha Township

Completed works on Hakha – Cinkhua Junction road

29 Appendix-E: Location Maps of Seven Priority Roads in 7 Townships

Appendix F – EMPs Approval from ECD, Nay Pyi Taw