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Section II: Periodic Report on the State of Conservation of the Group Of PeriodicPeriodic ReportingReporting ExerciseExercise onon thethe ApplicationApplication ofof thethe WorldWorld HeritageHeritage ConventionConvention SectionSection--IIII State Party: Archaeological Survey of India Name of the Property: Group of Monuments, Mahabalipuram ArchaeologicalArchaeological SurveySurvey ofof IndiaIndia ChennaiChennai Circle,Circle, ChennaiChennai Section-II State of conservation of specific world heritage properties State Party: Archaeological Survey of India Name of the Property: Group of Monuments, Mahabalipuram Executive Summary II.1 Introduction a. State Party b. Name of World Heritage Property c. Geographical co-ordinates to the nearest second d. Date of inscription on the World Heritage List e. Organization(s) or entity(ies) responsible for preparation of the report f. Date of the report g. Signature on behalf of State Party II.2 Statement of significance II.3 Statement of authenticity/integrity II.4 Management II.5 Factors affecting the property II.6 Monitoring II.7 Conclusions and recommended action a. Main conclusions regarding the state of the World Hertage values of the property(see items II.2 and II.3 above) b. Main conclusions egarding the management and factors affecting the property (see Items II.4 and II.5 above) c. Proposed future action/actions d. Responsible implementing agency/agencies e. Timeframe for implementation f. Needs for International Assistance II.8 Assessment of the Periodic Reporting exercise for Section II II.9 Documentation Attached I.1 Introduction a. Country(and State Party if different): India 001 b. Name of World Heritage Property: Group of Monuments, 002 Mahabalipuram c. In order to locate the property precisely, please attach a 003 topographic map showing scale, orientation, projection, datum, site name date and graticule. The map should be in original print and not be trimmed. The site boundaries should be shown on the map. In addition they can be submitted in a detailed description, indicating topographic and other legally defined national, regional or international boundaries followed by the site boundaries. The State Parties are encouraged to submit the geographic information in digital form so that it can be integrated into a Geographic Information System(GIS). On this questionnaire indicate the geographical co-ordinates to the nearest second (in the case of large sites, towns, areas etc. give at least 3 sets of geographical co-ordinates) Centre Point : Lat. 12º 37´ N Long. 80 º 11 ´ E North-West Corner: Topography Sheet No.66D/2 published by Survey of India d Give the date of inscription on the World Heritage List and 004 subsequent extension (if applicable): 2.11.1984 e Organisations(s) or entity(ies) responsible for the preparation 005 of this report: Organisation: Archaeological Survey of India Person Responsible: K.T.Narasimhan, Superintending Archaeologist Address: Archaeological Survey of India, Fort St.George, City & Post Code: Chennai – 600009.(Tamil Nadu) Telephone: 91 44 25360397 Fax: 91-44-25369332 E-Mail: f Date of Preparation of the report: 9.12.2002 006 g Signature on behalf of the State Party 007 Signature: Name : Mrs. Kasturi Gupta Menon Function: Director General, Archaeological Survey of India, New Delhi II.2 Statement of Significance At the time of inscribing a property on the World Heritage List, the 008 World Heritage Committee indicates its outstanding universal value(s), or World Heritage valu(s), by Heritage List. Circle the criteria retained for the inscription: Cultural criteria: i ii iii iv v vi Natural criteria: i-ii-iii-iv Were new criteria added by re-nominating and/or extending the 009 property after the original inscription? No If YES, please explain:Does not arise 010 Please quote observations concerning the property made by the 011 Advisory Body(ies) during the evaluation of the nomination: Data not available.. Quote the decisions and observations/ recommendations, if 012 appropriate, made by the World Heritage Committee at the time of inscription and extension (if applicable): Data not available. Identify the actions taken as follow-up 013 these observations and/or decisions: Neither observation was received nor the follow up action was taken. Please propose a statement of significance by providing a description 014 of the World Heritage value(s) for which the property was inscribed on the World Heritage List and it should also detail what the property represents, what makes it outstanding, what the specific values are that distinguish the property as well as what its relationship with its setting is etc.: Group of Monuments, Mahabalipuram are unique creations of the great Pallava Dynasty at their port town. For the first time in the history of Tamil Nadu, an attempt was made to deviate from the traditional way of construction of monuments i.e. use of wood, brick etc. The imperishable monument in rock medium was created. It is a veritable experimental laboratory depicting the various phases and development of South Indian architecture – Cave temples, monoliths, bas-relief and structural temples. The natural landscape was utilized in carving out these structures thereby making universally known the ability of the Pallava craftsman. II.2 continued For the extension of a property or the inclusion of additional criteria 015 a re-submission of the property may be considered. This might be regarded as necessary in order to recognize cultural values of a natural World Heritage property, or vice-versa, become desirable following the substantive revision of the criteria by the World Heritage Committee or due to better identification or knowledge of specific outstanding universal values of the property. Should a re- nomination of the property be considered? Yes 016 If YES, please explain At the time of inscription the cultural property was known as the creation of Pallava Kings. Subsequent archaeological excavations has pushed the significance of the cultural property and added an additional criteria due to unearthing imperishable evidence as a port city datable to 1st –2nd Century A.D. The inclusion of the Adivaraha Cave (now under private ownership) as extension of the property will give more weightage to World Heritage monuments since it contains life size cultural representation of the ruler with his consort who had created all these monuments. Besides it contains invaluable Pallava inscriptions also. Are the borders of the World Heritage property and its buffer zone 017 (still) adequate to ensure the protection and conservation of the property’s World Heritage values: Yes If NO, please explain why not, and indicate what changes should be 018 made to the boundaries of the property and/or its buffer zone (please indicate these changes also on a map to be attached to this report. Does not arise. Is the State Party actively considering a revision of the property 019 boundaries or the buffer zone? Yes If YES, indicate what is being done to that end: 020 The master plan is being formulated to make the buffer zone more prominent so as to provide adequate facilities and also to safeguard the property from environmental hazards. II.3 Statement of authenticity/integrity Have the World Heritage values identified above been 021 maintained since the property’s inscription? Yes If NO, please describe the changes and name the causes: 022 Does not arise. What was the evaluation of the authenticity/integrity of the 023 property at the time of inscription? (Please quote from the ICOMOS/IUCN evaluation): As far as Mahabalipuram is concerned, C – i ii iii & vi Have there been changes in the authenticity/integrity since 024 inscription? Yes If YES, please describe the changes to the authenticity/integrity 025 and name the main causes. At the time of inscription of the cultural property, the criteria/authenticity was made for the Group of Monuments, Mahabalipuram focusing the creation of imperishable architecture made by Pallavas between 7th –8th Century A.D. whereas the archaeological excavation conducted during the last decade of thelast century has given a clear change in its authenticity due to the discovery of five landings running in south-north orientation with a jetty point at the northern extreme. This excavated structure has the influence of megalithic architecture, therefore assignable to 1st-2nd Century A.D. Besides, some of the brick structures unearthed within the Shore temple complex are datable to pre-pallava period. All these evidences were not known at the time of inscription of the cultural property. Therefore, its significance as well as authenticity hasd changed from the date of inscription. Are there(further) changes foreseeable to the 026 authenticity/integrity of the property in the near future? No If YES, please explain and indicate how these changes might affect the World Heritage values of the property 027 Does not arise. II.4 Management How could the arrangements for the protection and the 028 management of the property best to be defined (more than one indication possible)? Legal() Contractual( ) Traditional() Please describe and assess the implementation and effectiveness of 029 these arrangements for the preservation of the values described under item II.2 at the national provincial and/or Municipal level: The arrangement for the protection and preservation of the property is done by implementing the provisions provided under Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites & Remanis Act of 1958 and Rules, 1959 and Amendment of the year 1992 wherever necessary. In general terms, can this legislative contractual and/or 030 traditional protection be considered/sufficient? Yes. Please explain: 031 The monument has been declared as protected under the Ancient Monuments & Archaeological Sites and Remains Act and Rules, 1958 & 1959. Once notified, all conservation programmes are undertaken by the Archaeological Survey of India through their national, regional and local representatives. The management of the property is likewise done. However, certain amendments, if incorporated in the act like substantially increasing the penalty to the violators will minimize the problem. It will certainly improve the management of the World Heritage Property.
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