DOCSLIB.ORG

Pirawati Transient Universe.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Pirawati Transient Universe.Pdf Image: Milky Way over the 1.3m automated Warsaw telescope at Las Campanas Observatory, Chile 4th NARIT International Astronomical Training Workshop 5 – 10 May 2019 Transient Universe and Sky Survey Puji Irawati (NARIT) Email: [email protected] A discovery which changed the universe NARIT - RUPP 2018 - Puji Irawati 100-inch Hooker’s telescope at Mt. Wilson Obs. (1916) Edwin Hubble looks through the eyepiece of 100-inch telescope (1937) Credit: The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science Collection at the Huntington Library From http://time.com/3586145/edwin-hubble-photo-of-a-genius-at-work/ From http://www.latimes.com/science/la-sci-sn-mt-wilson-centennial-20171101-htmlstory.html Discovery of the first extragalactic Cepheid variable in Galaxy M31 by Hubble From https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/hubble/science/star-v1.html http://pages.astronomy.ua.edu/white/101ay/images/galcluster/localgroup.jpg Virgo supercluster Central region of Virgo Cluster (5°x3°) https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap110422.html Central region of Fornax Cluster (2.0°x1.6°) http://www.atlasoftheuniverse.com/galgrps/for.html https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virgo_Supercluster How many variable objects out there, if we were to look? We need to be at the right time, the right place, and the right wavelength Telescopes made it possible to see more distant events. However, their small fields of view – typically less than 1 square degree – meant that the chances of looking in the right place at the right time were low Helix Nebula Credit: NASA/Hubble/JPL/Cal Tech Supernova – death of a (massive) star • 1-3 occurences per century per galaxy (spiral) • Cassiopeia A: a remnant from the last SN (IIb) in the Milky Way (the progenitor was probably observed by John Flamsteed on 16 August 1680 when he catalogue a star with magnitude 6 near its position). No historical records of the SN explosion. Milky Way is long overdue for its supernova http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Astro/snovcn.html https://www.inverse.com/article/22127-hotwired-time-domain-astronomy The Crab Nebula in various wavelengths Recorded in 1054 AD by Chinese astronomer Yang Wei Te as a ‘guest star’ (bright enough to be seen in daylight for 23 days) In 1844, Lord Rosse noticed that the nebula has changed its appearances Since then, the crab nebula continues to expand (1500 km/s) Courtesy: (radio) M. Bietenholz, J. M. Uson, T. J. Cornwell (infrared) R. Gehrz, (visible) J. Hester, A. Loll Young pulsar with 0.033s period (ultraviolet) E. Hoversten (x-ray) F. Seward et al., (gamma) R. Buehler. http://qdl.scs-inc.us/2ndParty/Pages/16754.html From http://ecuip.lib.uchicago.edu/multiwavelength-astronomy/astrophysics/07.html Our eyes Gamma ray on the universe space-based: - 34 active missions X-ray - 7 missions to be launched by 2021 Ultraviolet Optical ground-based: more than 600 hundreds observatories Optical Near Infrared Micro wave Infrared Radio Giza pyramids European 42m in Egypt Extremely Large Telescope 2024 ESO-8m Very Large Telescope Credit:ESO Extremely Large Telescope James Webb Space Telescope To be launched in March 2021 6.5m telescope in space!! From http://hubblesite.org/image/2815 Upsizing our chances • astronomical processes happen in an enormous range of timescales: millisecond to billions of years • The chance of witnessing an exciting change in the appearance or behaviour of any one source [during a human lifetime] is pretty low • Solution: Time domain astrophysics • Comparison of observations can be made using archival data stored from several decades of observations • We are now in an era of automated observations where robotic telescopes (both on the ground and in space) continually scan skies for any rapid changes We no longer have to rely so much on chance Materials taken from “The Transient Universe” by Prof. Carolin Crawford http://www.gresham.ac.uk/lectures-and-events/the-transient-universe Time Domain Astrophysics • Study of how astronomical objects change with time transient • Changes due to movement: asteroid, comet, transit and eclipse, microlensing, … • Changes in the object itself: flare, supernova, accreting binaries, pulsation, …. • Single-band, multi-wavelengths, and multi-messengers Cepheid Variable Gravitational microlensing Gif images from: https://giphy.com/ Astronomical Transients Transients and their timescales Gravitational Wave Exoplanet Transit https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/resources/1022/kepler-transit-graph/ https://www.ligo.caltech.edu/video/ligo20160211v2 One time events Variable objects • Gravitational wave from collision of compact objects: • Variable and pulsating stars: seconds-days subsecond • Flare stars: seconds-days • Stellar occultations: seconds • Jets (i.e Herbig-Haro, black hole): seconds • Supernovae: seconds-months-years • Outbursts (i.e X-ray binaries): seconds-months • Gravitational microlensings: weeks-months • Transits: minutes-hours Gamma-Ray Burst • extremely energetic explosions that have been observed in distant galaxies a typical burst releases as much energy in a few seconds as the Sun will in its entire 10-billion- year lifetime (a gamma-ray burst in the Milky Way, pointing directly towards the Earth, could cause a mass extinction event) • The bursts can last from ten milliseconds to several hours • After the burst, a longer-lived "afterglow" is usually emitted at longer wavelengths • But it is an extremely rare event: a few per galaxy per million years • The first gamma-ray bursts were detected while scientists were using satellites to look for gamma-rays that would result from violations of the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty during the Cold War Era in 1960s https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a011400/a011407/ Sources: Short GRB (less than 2 sec) Kilonova (mergers of two neutron stars, or two black holes, or BH+NS) Long GRB (longer than 2 sec) Core-collapse star with black hole formation [majority] Ultra-long GRB (longer than 10000 sec) rare (maybe due to detection limitation), origin still uncertain - core collapse of blue supergiant - tidal disruption event - new-born magnetar Gamma-Ray Burst GRB animation X-Ray sources X-ray sky • Sources: • X-ray binaries (Galactic sources) • Quasars (extragalactic sources): very energetic and distant galaxies with Active Galactic Nuclei • Galaxy clusters X-Ray transients Low-mass X-ray binary High-mass X-ray binary NS/BH NS/BH Low-mass star High-mass star Variable Stars Zoo Transient event by exoplanetary rings • Unusual light variation caused by transit of planet with ring system • Host star: 1SWASP J140747.93-394542.6 (pre-MS K5) • Planet: J1407b is a gas giant or brown dwarf • Rings: outermost radius ~90x106 km (640x Saturn’s rings) • Discovered in 2012 (detection was in 2007) Image credit: Ron Miller • Other similar events: • EPIC 204278916 • KIC 8462852 • PDS 110 • RZ Piscium • WD 1145+017 Circumstellar / circumplanetary disk http://home.strw.leidenuniv.nl/~kenworthy/j1407_exorings Fast Radio Burst • First detection in 2007 • 37 sources, with only one repeater • These events have occurred during both the day and night, and their arrival times are not correlated with known on-site activities or other known sources Possible culprits of FRB FRB 121102 – the only repeater • Doesn’t originate from a one- time cataclysmic event • Un-periodic bursts • A galaxy 3 billion light years away? • A new-born star forming galaxy? • Extraterrestrial signals? Gravitational Wave • Ripples in space-time caused by massive objects moving with extreme accelerations • The existence of GW was predicted by Einstein in 1916 https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/06/15/481934630/gravitational-waves-from-colliding-black-holes-shake-scientists-detectors-again The Era of Multi-messenger Astronomy GW170817 – a kilonova • GW signal lasted ~100 sec • Collision of two neutron stars • The signal first arrived at VIRGO in Italy • 22ms later at LIGO-Livingston • 3ms later at LIGO-Hanford • 1.7s later a short GRB of 2sec was detected • 16sec: Gamma-ray alert was sent • 40min: trigger alert was sent to other telescopes • A possible EM counterpart was detected near a lenticular galaxy, NGC 4993, 130 million light- year away Gamma-ray detection Optical UV and Optical follow-up Hubble-Optical NuSTAR-UV First X-ray detection was detected 9 days post burst X-ray brightening Radio detection was 16 days post burst Astronomical Sky Survey Sky Survey • An astronomical survey is a general map or image of a region of the sky without a specific observational target. • It produces wide field image and covers a large area on the sky. List of sky survey telescopes • Gamma-ray: Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope • Optical: SDSS, CRTS, LAMOST, OGLE, Pan-STARRS, Gaia (19 past+ongoing) • Infrared: WISE, UKIDSS, VISTA (7 past+ongoing) • Radio: C-Bass (9 past+ongoing) • Planned: Large Synoptic Survey Telescope Large Synoptic Survey Telescope • wide-field survey with an 8.4-meter telescope (completion 2019, first light 2020) • It produces wide field image and covers a large area on the sky. 30m dome Weight 350 tons The size of 8.4m LSST mirror LSST CCD It will be the world’s largest camera for astronomy In one shot, the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope’s 3.2-gigapixel camera will capture an area of the sky 40 times the size of the full Moon (or almost 10 square degrees of sky) Image credit: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. From https://astronomynow.com/2015/09/01/worlds-most-powerful-telescope-digital-camera-gets-green-light-for-construction/ Image credit: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. LSST CCD 15sec image every
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Species Which Remained Immutable and Unchanged Thereafter
    THE ORIGIN OF THE ELEMENTS BY WILLIAM A. FOWLER CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PASADENA They [atoms] move in the void and catching each other up jostle together, and some recoil in any direction that may chance, and others become entangled with one another in various degrees according to the symmetry of their shapes and sizes and positions and order, and they remain together and thus the coming into being of composite things is effected. -SIMPLICIUS (6th Century A.D.) It is my privilege to begin our consideration of the history of the universe during this first scientific session of the Academy Centennial with a discussion of the origin of the elements of which the matter of the universe is constituted. The question of the origin of the elements and their numerous isotopes is the modern expression of one of the most ancient problems in science. The early Greeks thought that all matter consisted of the four simple substances-air, earth, fire, and water-and they, too, sought to know the ultimate origin of what for them were the elementary forms of matter. They also speculated that matter consists of very small, indivisible, indestructible, and uncreatable atoms. They were wrong in detail but their concepts of atoms and elements and their quest for origins persist in our science today. When our Academy was founded one century ago, the chemist had shown that the elements were immutable under all chemical and physical transformations known at the time. The alchemist was self-deluded or was an out-and-out charla- tan. Matter was atomic, and absolute immutability characterized each atomic species.
    [Show full text]
  • Naming the Extrasolar Planets
    Naming the extrasolar planets W. Lyra Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, K¨onigstuhl 17, 69177, Heidelberg, Germany [email protected] Abstract and OGLE-TR-182 b, which does not help educators convey the message that these planets are quite similar to Jupiter. Extrasolar planets are not named and are referred to only In stark contrast, the sentence“planet Apollo is a gas giant by their assigned scientific designation. The reason given like Jupiter” is heavily - yet invisibly - coated with Coper- by the IAU to not name the planets is that it is consid- nicanism. ered impractical as planets are expected to be common. I One reason given by the IAU for not considering naming advance some reasons as to why this logic is flawed, and sug- the extrasolar planets is that it is a task deemed impractical. gest names for the 403 extrasolar planet candidates known One source is quoted as having said “if planets are found to as of Oct 2009. The names follow a scheme of association occur very frequently in the Universe, a system of individual with the constellation that the host star pertains to, and names for planets might well rapidly be found equally im- therefore are mostly drawn from Roman-Greek mythology. practicable as it is for stars, as planet discoveries progress.” Other mythologies may also be used given that a suitable 1. This leads to a second argument. It is indeed impractical association is established. to name all stars. But some stars are named nonetheless. In fact, all other classes of astronomical bodies are named.
    [Show full text]
  • Neutron Stars: Introduction
    Neutron Stars: Introduction Stephen Eikenberry 16 Jan 2018 Original Ideas - I • May 1932: James Chadwick discovers the neutron • People knew that n u clei w ere not protons only (nuclear mass >> mass of protons) • Rutherford coined the name “neutron” to describe them (thought to be p+ e- pairs) • Chadwick identifies discrete particle and shows mass is greater than p+ (by 0.1%) • Heisenberg shows that neutrons are not p+ e- pairs Original Ideas - II • Lev Landau supposedly suggested the existence of neutron stars the night he heard of neutrons • Yakovlev et al (2012) show that he in fact discussed dense stars siiltimilar to a gi ant nucl eus BEFORE neutron discovery; this was immediately adapted to “t“neutron s t”tars” Original Ideas - III • 1934: Walter Baade and Fritz Zwicky suggest that supernova eventtttts may create neutron stars • Why? • Suppg(ernovae have huge (but measured) energies • If NS form from normal stars, then the gravitational binding energy gets released • ESN ~ star … Original Ideas - IV • Late 1930s: Oppenheimer & Volkoff develop first theoretical models and calculations of neutron star structure • WldhWould have con tidbttinued, but WWII intervened (and Oppenheimer was busy with other things ) • And that is how things stood for about 30 years … Little Green Men - I • Cambridge experiment with dipole antennae to map cosmic radio sources • PI: Anthony Hewish; grad students included Jocelyn Bell Little Green Men - II • August 1967: CP 1919 discovered in the radio survey • Nov ember 1967: Bell notices pulsations at P =1.337s
    [Show full text]
  • 2004-2005 Annual Report
    Anglo-Australian Observatory Annual Report of the Anglo-Australian Telescope Board 1 July 2004 to 30 June 2005 Anglo-Australian Observatory 167 Vimiera Road Eastwood NSW 2122 Australia Postal Address: PO Box 296 Epping NSW 1710 Australia Telephone: (02) 9372 4800 (international) + 61 2 9372 4800 Facsimile: (02) 9372 4880 (international) + 61 2 9372 4880 e-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.aao.gov.au/ Annual Report Website: http://www.aao.gov.au/annual/ Anglo-Australian Telescope Board Address as above Telephone: (02) 9372 4813 (international) + 61 2 9372 4813 e-mail: [email protected] ABN: 71871323905 © Anglo-Australian Telescope Board 2005 ISSN 1443-8550 Cover: Dome of the UK Schmidt Telescope. Photo courtesy Shaun Amy. Combined H-alpha and Red colour mosaic image of the Vela Supernova remnant taken from several AAO/UK Schmidt Telescope H- alpha survey fields. Image produced by Mike Read and Quentin Parker Cover Design: TTR Print Management Computer Typeset: Anglo-Australian Observatory Picture Credits: The editors would like to thank for their photographs and images throughout this publication Shaun Amy, Stuart Bebb (Physics Photo- graphic Unit, Oxford), Jurek Brzeski, Chris Evans, Kristin Fiegert, David James, Urs Klauser, David Malin, Chris McCowage and Andrew McGrath ii AAO Annual Report 2004–2005 The Honourable Dr Brendan Nelson, MP, Minister for Education, Science and Training Government of the Commonwealth of Australia The Right Honourable Alan Johnson, MP, Secretary of State for Trade and Industry, Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland In accordance with Article 8 of the Agreement between the Australian Government and the Government of the United Kingdom to provide for the establishment and operation of an optical telescope at Siding Spring Mountain in the state of New South Wales, I present herewith a report by the Anglo-Australian Telescope Board for the year from 1 July 2004 to 30 June 2005.
    [Show full text]
  • Beeps, Flashes, Bangs and Bursts
    Beeps, Flashes, Big stars work much faster: Bangs and Bursts. 1,000,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 and Chirps. Forever Peter Watson 3 hours! Live fast, Die Young! Peter Watson, Dept. of Physics Change colour, size, brightness •Vast majority of stars are boring: “main- sequence” (aka middle- class) changing very slowly. •Some oscillate: e.g Cepheids •Large bright stars change by factor 3 in brightness Peter Watson Peter Watson If Stars are large.... • we get supernovae • 6 visible in Milky Way over last 1000 years •well understood: work by blocking mechanism • SN 1006: Brightest •very important since period is proportional to Supernova. intrinsic brightness: • Can see remnants of the expanding •i.e. measure the apparent brightness, the period tells shockwave you the actual brightness, so you know how far away Frank Winkler (Middlebury College) et it is al., AURA, NOAO, NSF Peter Watson Peter Watson Remnant of a very Tycho’s old SN Supernova • Part of the veil nebula in X-rays in Cygnus (1572) Sara Wager NASA / CXC / F.J. Lu (Chinese Academy of Sciences) et al. Peter Watson Peter Watson The Crab (M1) •Recorded by Chinese astronomers "I humbly observe that a guest star has appeared; above the star there is a feeble yellow glimmer. If one examines the divination regarding the Emperor, the interpretation [of the presence of this guest star] is the following: The fact that the star has not overrun Bi and that its brightness must represent a person of great value. I demand that the Office of Historiography is informed of this." PW Peter Watson 1054: Crab •Recorded by Chinese astronomers as “guest star” •May have been recorded by Chaco Indians in New • X-rays (in blue) Mexico • + Optical 4 a.m.
    [Show full text]
  • Correlations Between the Stellar, Planetary, and Debris Components of Exoplanet Systems Observed by Herschel⋆
    A&A 565, A15 (2014) Astronomy DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201323058 & c ESO 2014 Astrophysics Correlations between the stellar, planetary, and debris components of exoplanet systems observed by Herschel J. P. Marshall1,2, A. Moro-Martín3,4, C. Eiroa1, G. Kennedy5,A.Mora6, B. Sibthorpe7, J.-F. Lestrade8, J. Maldonado1,9, J. Sanz-Forcada10,M.C.Wyatt5,B.Matthews11,12,J.Horner2,13,14, B. Montesinos10,G.Bryden15, C. del Burgo16,J.S.Greaves17,R.J.Ivison18,19, G. Meeus1, G. Olofsson20, G. L. Pilbratt21, and G. J. White22,23 (Affiliations can be found after the references) Received 15 November 2013 / Accepted 6 March 2014 ABSTRACT Context. Stars form surrounded by gas- and dust-rich protoplanetary discs. Generally, these discs dissipate over a few (3–10) Myr, leaving a faint tenuous debris disc composed of second-generation dust produced by the attrition of larger bodies formed in the protoplanetary disc. Giant planets detected in radial velocity and transit surveys of main-sequence stars also form within the protoplanetary disc, whilst super-Earths now detectable may form once the gas has dissipated. Our own solar system, with its eight planets and two debris belts, is a prime example of an end state of this process. Aims. The Herschel DEBRIS, DUNES, and GT programmes observed 37 exoplanet host stars within 25 pc at 70, 100, and 160 μm with the sensitiv- ity to detect far-infrared excess emission at flux density levels only an order of magnitude greater than that of the solar system’s Edgeworth-Kuiper belt. Here we present an analysis of that sample, using it to more accurately determine the (possible) level of dust emission from these exoplanet host stars and thereafter determine the links between the various components of these exoplanetary systems through statistical analysis.
    [Show full text]
  • Information Bulletin on Variable Stars
    COMMISSIONS AND OF THE I A U INFORMATION BULLETIN ON VARIABLE STARS Nos November July EDITORS L SZABADOS K OLAH TECHNICAL EDITOR A HOLL TYPESETTING K ORI ADMINISTRATION Zs KOVARI EDITORIAL BOARD L A BALONA M BREGER E BUDDING M deGROOT E GUINAN D S HALL P HARMANEC M JERZYKIEWICZ K C LEUNG M RODONO N N SAMUS J SMAK C STERKEN Chair H BUDAPEST XI I Box HUNGARY URL httpwwwkonkolyhuIBVSIBVShtml HU ISSN COPYRIGHT NOTICE IBVS is published on b ehalf of the th and nd Commissions of the IAU by the Konkoly Observatory Budap est Hungary Individual issues could b e downloaded for scientic and educational purp oses free of charge Bibliographic information of the recent issues could b e entered to indexing sys tems No IBVS issues may b e stored in a public retrieval system in any form or by any means electronic or otherwise without the prior written p ermission of the publishers Prior written p ermission of the publishers is required for entering IBVS issues to an electronic indexing or bibliographic system to o CONTENTS C STERKEN A JONES B VOS I ZEGELAAR AM van GENDEREN M de GROOT On the Cyclicity of the S Dor Phases in AG Carinae ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: : J BOROVICKA L SAROUNOVA The Period and Lightcurve of NSV ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: :::::::::::::: W LILLER AF JONES A New Very Long Period Variable Star in Norma ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: :::::::::::::::: EA KARITSKAYA VP GORANSKIJ Unusual Fading of V Cygni Cyg X in Early November :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
    [Show full text]
  • ASTRONET IR Final Word Doc for Printing with Logo
    ASTRONET: Infrastructure Roadmap Update Ian Robson The ASTRONET Science Vision and Infrastructure Roadmap were published in 2007 and 2008 respectively and presented a strategic plan for the development of European Astronomy. A requirement was to have a light-touch update of these midway through the term. The Science Vision was updated in 2013 and the conclusions were fed into the Roadmap update. This was completed following the outcome of the ESA decisions on the latest missions. The community has been involved through a variety of processes and the final version of the update has been endorsed by the ASTRONET Executive. ASTRONET was created by a group of European funding agencies in order to establish a strategic planning mechanism for all of European astronomy . It covers the whole astronomical domain, from the Sun and Solar System to the limits of the observable Universe, and from radioastronomy to gamma-rays and particles, on the ground as well as in space; but also theory and computing, outreach, training and recruitment of the vital human resources. And, importantly, ASTRONET aims to engage all astronomical communities and relevant funding agencies on the new map of Europe. http://www.astronet-eu.org/ ASTRONET has been supported by the EC since 2005 as an ERA-NET . Despite the formidable challenges of establishing such a comprehensive plan, ASTRONET reached that goal with the publication of its Infrastructure Roadmap in November 2008. Building on this remarkable achievement, the present project will proceed to the implementation stage, a very significant new step towards the coordination and integration of European resources in the field.
    [Show full text]
  • The Korean 1592--1593 Record of a Guest Star: Animpostor'of The
    Journal of the Korean Astronomical Society 49: 00 ∼ 00, 2016 December c 2016. The Korean Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. http://jkas.kas.org THE KOREAN 1592–1593 RECORD OF A GUEST STAR: AN ‘IMPOSTOR’ OF THE CASSIOPEIA ASUPERNOVA? Changbom Park1, Sung-Chul Yoon2, and Bon-Chul Koo2,3 1Korea Institute for Advanced Study, 85 Hoegi-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02455, Korea; [email protected] 2Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea [email protected], [email protected] 3Visiting Professor, Korea Institute for Advanced Study, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02455, Korea Received |; accepted | Abstract: The missing historical record of the Cassiopeia A (Cas A) supernova (SN) event implies a large extinction to the SN, possibly greater than the interstellar extinction to the current SN remnant. Here we investigate the possibility that the guest star that appeared near Cas A in 1592{1593 in Korean history books could have been an `impostor' of the Cas A SN, i.e., a luminous transient that appeared to be a SN but did not destroy the progenitor star, with strong mass loss to have provided extra circumstellar extinction. We first review the Korean records and show that a spatial coincidence between the guest star and Cas A cannot be ruled out, as opposed to previous studies. Based on modern astrophysical findings on core-collapse SN, we argue that Cas A could have had an impostor and derive its anticipated properties. It turned out that the Cas A SN impostor must have been bright (MV = −14:7 ± 2:2 mag) and an amount of dust with visual extinction of ≥ 2:8 ± 2:2 mag should have formed in the ejected envelope and/or in a strong wind afterwards.
    [Show full text]
  • Inferring Kilonova Population Properties with a Hierarchical Bayesian Framework I : Non-Detection Methodology and Single-Event Analyses
    Draft version July 16, 2021 Typeset using LATEX twocolumn style in AASTeX631 Inferring kilonova population properties with a hierarchical Bayesian framework I : Non-detection methodology and single-event analyses Siddharth R. Mohite,1, 2, ∗ Priyadarshini Rajkumar,3 Shreya Anand,4 David L. Kaplan,1 Michael W. Coughlin,5 Ana Sagues-Carracedo´ ,6 Muhammed Saleem,5 Jolien Creighton,1 Patrick R. Brady,1 Tomas´ Ahumada,7 Mouza Almualla,8 Igor Andreoni,4 Mattia Bulla,9 Matthew J. Graham,4 Mansi M. Kasliwal,4 Stephen Kaye,10 Russ R. Laher,11 Kyung Min Shin,12 David L. Shupe,11 and Leo P. Singer13, 14 1Center for Gravitation, Cosmology and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin{Milwaukee, P.O. Box 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA 2Center for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute, 162 5th Ave, New York, NY 10010, USA 3Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1051, USA 4Division of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA 5School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA 6The Oskar Klein Centre, Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden 7Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA 8Department of Physics, American University of Sharjah, PO Box 26666, Sharjah, UAE 9The Oskar Klein Centre, Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden 10Caltech Optical Observatories, California
    [Show full text]
  • Sodium and Potassium Signatures Of
    Sodium and Potassium Signatures of Volcanic Satellites Orbiting Close-in Gas Giant Exoplanets Apurva Oza, Robert Johnson, Emmanuel Lellouch, Carl Schmidt, Nick Schneider, Chenliang Huang, Diana Gamborino, Andrea Gebek, Aurelien Wyttenbach, Brice-Olivier Demory, et al. To cite this version: Apurva Oza, Robert Johnson, Emmanuel Lellouch, Carl Schmidt, Nick Schneider, et al.. Sodium and Potassium Signatures of Volcanic Satellites Orbiting Close-in Gas Giant Exoplanets. The Astro- physical Journal, American Astronomical Society, 2019, 885 (2), pp.168. 10.3847/1538-4357/ab40cc. hal-02417964 HAL Id: hal-02417964 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-02417964 Submitted on 18 Dec 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. The Astrophysical Journal, 885:168 (19pp), 2019 November 10 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab40cc © 2019. The American Astronomical Society. Sodium and Potassium Signatures of Volcanic Satellites Orbiting Close-in Gas Giant Exoplanets Apurva V. Oza1 , Robert E. Johnson2,3 , Emmanuel Lellouch4 , Carl Schmidt5 , Nick Schneider6 , Chenliang Huang7 , Diana Gamborino1 , Andrea Gebek1,8 , Aurelien Wyttenbach9 , Brice-Olivier Demory10 , Christoph Mordasini1 , Prabal Saxena11, David Dubois12 , Arielle Moullet12, and Nicolas Thomas1 1 Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bern, Bern, Switzerland; [email protected] 2 Engineering Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA 3 Physics, New York University, 4 Washington Place, New York, NY 10003, USA 4 LESIA–Observatoire de Paris, CNRS, UPMC Univ.
    [Show full text]
  • G7. 7-3.7: a Young Supernova Remnant Probably Associated with the Guest
    Draft version September 12, 2018 Typeset using LATEX twocolumn style in AASTeX62 G7.7-3.7: a young supernova remnant probably associated with the guest star in 386 CE (SN 386) Ping Zhou (hs),1, 2 Jacco Vink,1, 3, 4 Geng Li (Î耕),5, 6 and Vladim´ır Domcekˇ 1, 3 1Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands 2School of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China 3GRAPPA, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands 4SRON, Netherlands Institute for Space Research, Sorbonnelaan 2, 3584 CA Utrecht, The Netherlands 5National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 20A Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China 6School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China Submitted to ApJL ABSTRACT Although the Galactic supernova rate is about 2 per century, only few supernova remnants are associated with historical records. There are a few ancient Chinese records of \guest stars" that are probably sightings of supernovae for which the associated supernova remnant is not established. Here we present an X-ray study of the supernova remnant G7.7−3:7, as observed by XMM-Newton, and discuss its probable association with the guest star of 386 CE. This guest star occurred in the ancient Chinese asterism Nan-Dou, which is part of Sagittarius. The X-ray morphology of G7.7−3:7 shows an arc-like feature in the SNR south, which is characterized by an under-ionized plasma with sub-solar abundances, a temperature of 0:4{0.8 keV, and a density of ∼ 0:5(d=4 kpc)−0:5 cm−3.
    [Show full text]