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DURUS INDUSTRIES (PVT) LIMITED 13-KM, DASKA ROAD, SIALKOT 51040 CEL #: +92-321-6164313 TEL #: +92-52-6556325/26 EMAIL: [email protected] WEBSITE: http://www.durusind.com 11 Editor’s Note CONTENTS 12 Biography President of Brazil 13 Ambassador's Message 14Meet the Brazilian Staff 16 Consul Generals & President PBFA 17 60th Year Anniversary Embassy of Brazil in Pakistan 21 Embassy’s Personnel 25 Brazilian Embassy Activities-2012 31 Brazil in Brief 32 Brazil Today 33 A Brazilian Success Story 35 Rio+20 “The Future We Want”: An Inclusive Conference 37 Brazil: A Sustainable Country 38 Inclusive and Sustainable Growth 40 Tourism in Brazil 42 Go Green with Brazilian Eco-fashion 43 Abundant Green Energy 44 Brazilian Agriculture 48 Ammar Latif: A Pakistani Capoeira Player 50 Lilian Mayer: bringing Brazil to Pakistani ears 51 Polo in Brazil: Interview with a Pakistani Player 52 Brazillood?- Interview Young Brazilian filmakers 56 Brazilian Gastronomy 58 What you always wanted to ask to the Brazilian Ambassador 64Trade Outlook Heartiest Felicitations

190th Independence Day to Government and the people of the Federative Republic of Brazil

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Editor in Chief Habib-ur-Rehman Managing Editor Kashif-ur-Rehman Editor Mrs. Talat Kashif Khan Editorial Saima Moeezuddin Dr. Rana Mahmood Shakeel-ur-Rehman Bushra Khalid Asif Raza Morio Director Finance Sarfraz Atiq-ur-Rehman Special Contributors Editor’s Note Rana Ameer Muhammad (RYK) Abdul Majeed (Lahore) As of 2011, Brazil became the world’s 6th largest economy and is Haji Nasir Turk (Karachi) Marketing Executive soon to join the ranks of leading economies like the US, China, Japan Sundus Rehman and Germany by 2015. This rapid progress is mainly due to the two- Arif Hussain pronged strategy followed by the Brazilian government: Family Grants Coordinator and Zero Hunger. The first initiative is the world’s largest cash transfer M. H. Kiyani Designing & Visualisation by program and provides monthly stipends of up to 150 dollars to 13 Shaikh Naveed Mahfooz million lower-class households coupled with training, employment and Production Manager income generation programs. The beneficiaries in turn have to vaccinate Nadeem Qureshi their infants, have regular medical check ups and ensure their children Islamabad Bureau Salman Saeed attend school instead of working in factories. The second program 0321-7380302 has reached over 44 million Brazilians through cash transfers, food Javeed Abbasi banks, community kitchens and markets, and school meals. Brazil is Lahore Bureau now acknowledged as a global leader in the fight against hunger. Mirza Shahid 0300-4622721 This year Brazil marks its 190th Independence Day and its 60th year Gujranwala Bureau in Pakistan. The efforts of H.E. Alfredo Leoni, Brazil’s Ambassador to Asif Siddiqui 0333-9640809 Pakistan are commended highly. Pakistan and Brazil share cordial Sukkur Bureau bilateral relations that encompass several sectors including industry, Salahuddin Qureshi agriculture and education. Brazil has opened up a new educational 0300-3115169 program for Pakistani students through the Program for First Degree Hyderabad Bureau M. Younis Chundrigar University Students (PEC-G). This year 63 Brazilian universities have 0315-9378777 offered courses in medicine, engineering, business administration and Legal Advisor international relations. Shahid Iqbal Rana Distributors This special issue is dedicated to the hard work and national spirit of National News Agency Brazilians to take their country to the top. Bravo! Ph: 5681520-5688828 Awais Group (Rahim Yar Khan) Ph: (92+68) 5880128, 5887128 Printed by Nazeeri Press Ph: 32630124, 32212159 With Best Regards Published Bi-Monthly Habib-ur-Rehman Kashif-ur-Rehman 2 Khadija Manzil, Mohammad Bin Qasim Road, Karachi. Ph: +92-21-32621000 WRITE On! Fax +92-21-32626210 We are interested to hear your views, problems, or anything you want to [email protected] get off your chest. Write to Editor. ISLAMABAD 2 Khatija Manzil Mohmmad Bin Qasim Road Karachi 74200 Pakistan. 2 Block-17, PHA Apartment, G-7/1, Islamabad, Pakistan. Disclaimer ! Writeups/articles do not reflect the views of the magazine. Tel: 92-051-2202440 Her Excellency Dilma Vana Rousseff President of Brazil

he first woman elected to the office of T President of Brazil, Dilma Vana Rousseff was born on December 14, 1947 in Belo Horizonte, the state capital of Minas Gerais. She was born to Bulgarian immigrant Pedro Rousseff and Dilma Jane da Silva, a school teacher. At the age of 16, President Rousseff began her political career, taking part in movements against the military regime that ruled Brazil from 1964 to 1985. In 1970, she was arrested and spent almost three years in a penitentiary in the city of São Paulo. After being freed from prison and earning a degree in Economics, she participated in an amnesty movement that supported citizens who had been deprived of their political rights or expelled from the country. Under President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, she served as Minister of Mines and Energy between 2003 and 2005, and Presidential Chief of Staff from 2005 to 2010. President Rousseff left the government of President Lula on April 3, 2010 to become the presidential candidate for the Worker’s Party. In the runoff election on October 31, 2010, she was elected President of Brazil with almost 56 million votes.

12 his is a special year for the Pakistan. It was written for the attention during their visits to the T Embassy of Brazil in future professionals, teachers, "country of the other". Islamabad, since we doctors and politicians of this The two other Brazilians who celebrate the 190th anniversary of country - the future leaders of will come to Islamabad in the Independence of Brazil, which Pakistan. With this book, which will September are the celebrated happened on 7th September 1822, be launched in September, exactly singer and pianist Lilian Mayer, and the 60th anniversary of the 60 years after the arrival of the who will give a recital of famous opening of the first Embassy of first Brazilian Ambassador to Brazilian popular songs, and the Brazil in Pakistan, which took place Pakistan,the young Pakistanis will renowned art specialist Roberto in Karachi, on 17th September 1952. learn about Brazil and the Padilla, who will give a lecture enormous potential that We also celebrate the 64th about the vibrant art scene of Brazil strengthened Brazil-Pakistan anniversary of the establishment today. relations have. of diplomatic relations between Also in September, the Embassy Brazil and Pakistan, in 1948. Brazil Besides the book, many other will host the II Brazilian Film was the first Latin American interesting activities are scheduled Festival. country to establish diplomatic for the month of September on relations with Pakistan and the first the occasion of the Brazilian With all these activities, the Latin American country to open an National Day. Three successful Embassy of Brazil wishes to Embassy in this country. On the Brazilians of the world of art will promote Brazilian art and culture other hand, Pakistan chose Brazil come to Pakistan to take part in in Pakistan and hopes to contribute to open its first Embassy in Latin these activities. One of them is the to make September a memorable America: in Rio de Janeiro, then acclaimed photographer Almir Reis, month in Islamabad. capital of Brazil, 61 years ago, in who will be in Islamabad for the I invite you all to join us! 1951. opening of a joint photo exhibition with the distinguished Pakistani To commemorate these joyful photographer Zulfikar Ali: "Brazil- events, a book on Brazil has been Pakistan. The View of the Other". published in Urdu and in English. Almir and Zulfikar will show the This book is a manual on Brazilian refined photos they took in history, geography, politics, Pakistan and in Brazil and reveal Alfredo Leoni economics, cultural and social the images which captured their matters, aimed at the youth of Ambassador of Brazil to Pakistan 13 Thomaz Napoleão First Secretary and DHM A career diplomat, Thomaz Napoleão is the First Secretary and Deputy Head of Mission of the Embassy of Brazil in Pakistan, where he is responsible for the Political Sector, Technical Cooperation and Humanitarian Assistance, as well as the relations between Brazil and Afghanistan. Born in São Paulo, Brazil, in 1983, he graduated in International Relations at the Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo (2002-05) and in Journalism at the University of São Paulo (2002-06). Later he obtained a MA in International Security from the Paris Institute of Political Studies (2006-08) and a MA in Diplomacy from the Rio Branco Institute, the Brazilian Diplomatic Academy (2009-11). He was also an exchange student in Paris, Buenos Aires and Moscow. After a stint as an International Advisor at the Brazilian Ministry of Education, Secretary Napoleão joined the Brazilian Ministry of External Relations in 2009. In his first year as a diplomat he worked at the Secretariat for Diplomatic Planning, within the Cabinet of then Foreign Minister Celso Amorim. He was posted to Islamabad in March 2011. Gustavo Meira Carneiro Helena Lobato da Jornada Second Secretary Third Secretary Gustavo Meira Helena Lobato da Carneiro is a career Jornada is a career diplomat. Since April diplomat. Since April 2012, he has been 2012, she has been Third Second Secretary at the Secretary at the Embassy Embassy of Brazil in of Brazil in Pakistan, Pakistan, where he where she heads the heads the Cultural, Commercial, Press and Educational and Energy Sections. Born in Consular sections. Porto Alegre, Brazil, in 1986, she graduated in Born in Porto Alegre, International Relations Brazil, in 1986, he at the Federal University graduated in Economics of Rio Grande do Sul at the Federal University (UFRGS) in 2009 and of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) in 2009 and joined joined the Brazilian Ministry of External Relations the Brazilian Ministry of External Relations in 2010. in 2010. She is also pursuing her Master in Political He is also pursuing his Master in Political Science Science in the Federal University of Rio Grande in the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, do Sul. And was a student in France. Before coming and was an exchange student in France. Before to Islamabad, which is her first posting abroad, coming to Islamabad, which is his first posting she worked at the Department of Energy and at abroad, he worked at the Division of Trade in the Division of Central Asia of the Ministry, in Services and at the Division of Central Asia of the Brasília. Ministry, in Brasília. 14 Born in Porto Alegre, Isabela d’Avila Vieira has Leopoldo Soares Campos joined the Ministry of degrees in Journalism and Literature and a Master Foreign Relations in 1979, as a Diplomatic Assistant. degree in Political Science. She joined the Ministry He has worked in several areas of Itamaraty and of Foreign Relations in 2010, as a Diplomatic served in various countries, such as Argentina, Officer, working for Administrative Sections of Angola and Venezuela. In Pakistan, he is a Vice- Itamaraty before being posted in Islamabad. She Consul, and also responsible for the Patrimony, is currently the Vice-Consul. Communications and Archive.

Fabio Antonio do Rosário joined the Ministry of Sávio de Oliveira joined the Ministry of Foreign Foreign Relations in 1988, as a Diplomatic Assistant. Relation in 1994, as Administrative Support. He He has worked in many different areas and has has served in many countries, such as Paraguay, been posted in Bolivia, Palestine, Chile and Peru. Syria, Guiana, and is now serving his second term Nowadays, he is serving his second term in in Islamabad. He is the responsible for Islamabad, where he is a Vice-Consul, and communications at the Brazilian Embassy. responsible for Accounting and Administration.

15 Honorary Consuls and President PBFA

Ijaz Ahmed Chaudhry Adil Jaffer Honorary Consul General in Lahore Honorary Consul General in Karachi

Amer Faruque Ahsan-ul-Haq Khan Honorary Consul General in Peshawar President Pakistan-Brazil Friendship Association (PBFA) 16 Embassy of Brazil in Pakistan: 60th Year Anniversary!

Ambassador Briggs presenting credential to the Governor General of Pakistan, Mr. Ghulam Mohammad in September 1952

n 17th September 1952, 60 Secretary of the Embassy of Brazil, location, a large house on Victoria O years ago, the first Embassy Mr. Leal-Ferreira. From the Road no. 6, Karachi 4. Victoria of Brazil in Pakistan was airport, he was driven to the Road is today known as Abdullah officially established. This Metropole Hotel, where the Haroon Road. Previously, on 1st happened in Karachi, then capital Embassy was temporarily October 1952, the Offices of the of Pakistan, with the arrival of installed. Now defunct, the Embassy (the Chancery) were the first Brazilian Ambassador, Metropole Hotel used to be the officially installed on the 6th floor Mr. Moacyr Ribeiro Briggs. He central point of high life in of the El-Markaz Building, Preedy reached Karachi, together with Karachi. Currently, its insides are Quarter, on Bunder Road, his wife, coming from Mumbai torn down and being used as a Karachi-3. (previously known as Bombay), parking lot. Brazil was the first Latin- on a flight of Air Ceylon. On 19th March 1953, six months American country to open an Ambassador Briggs was greeted after the arrival of Ambassador Embassy in Pakistan and also the at the airport by a Protocol Briggs, the Embassy of Brazil was first Latin-American country to Officer, Mr. Rauf, and the Third shifted to its then permanent establish diplomatic relations with 17 Road no. 6, was inaugurated on 16th April 1953, with a lavish reception hosted by Ambassador Briggs. The guest of honour was the Prime Minister, Mr. Khwaja Nazimuddin. Present at the reception were the Governor of Sind, Mr. Mian Aminuddin, the Governor of Punjab, Mr. T. T. Chundrigar, the Speaker of the National Assembly, Mr. Tamizuddin Khan, the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Mr. Chaudhry Muhammad Zafrullah Khan, other 12 Federal Ministers, Envoys of all 29 Embassies accredited to Pakistan at that time (Brazil was the 30th country to establish an Karachi in the fifties Embassy in Karachi), businessmen and prominent members of the military and civil society. Pakistan, 64 years ago, in 1948. Ambassador Briggs presented Since 24th February 1952, an On the other hand, Pakistan chose credentials to the Governor- Honorary Consulate of Brazil had Brazil to open its first Embassy in General of Pakistan, Mr. Ghulam been working in Chittagong, to Latin-America. This was in Rio, Mohammad, in the Governor- represent Brazil in East Pakistan. then capital of Brazil, 61 years General's house, in Karachi. Mr. David Mitchell Jaffray was ago, in 1951, with the arrival there Present at the ceremony was the the Honorary Consul of Brazil. He of Mr. Qazi Isa, the first Pakistani Acting Foreign Minister, Mr. M. was officially recognized as such Ambassador to Brazil. O. A. Baig. on 14th May 1953, when he On 25th September 1952, after The official residence of the received the "exequatur" from inspecting a guard of honour, Embassy of Brazil, on Victoria the Pakistani authorities.

A busy Karachi Street in 1950 Karachi Municipal Hall in 1954 Sabzi Mandi, Karachi in 1954 18

Embassy’s Personnel

Ambassador of Brazil to Pakistan, H.E. Alfredo Leoni with Brazilian Diplomats and the personnel at the Chancery.

21 Commercial and Press Section: Consular Section: Mr. Yasir Ali Shah, Third Secretary Helena Lobato Mr. Adil Mehmood, Second Secretary Gustavo da Jornada, Mr. Farooq Arshid and Meira Carneiro, Vice-Consul Isabela Vieira, Mr. Muhammad Yasin Ms. Mona Munir and Mr. Joseph Saleem

Cultural and Educational Section: Administration and Communication: Ms. Kinza Raheel and Second Secretary Gustavo Mr. Mubasher Sanjrani, Mr. Leopoldo Soares Meira Carneiro Campos, Mr. Fábio do Rosário, Mr. Mazher Sanjrani and Mr. Sávio Oliveira

Embassy’s Assistants: Secretaries to the Ambassador: Mr. Qasir Iqbal Awan, Mr. Kamram Yousaf, Ms. Saima Sabir Shah and Ms.Trivini Roy Khisa Mr. Saleem Iqbal Awan and Mr. Joseph Saleem

22 Ambassador’s Residence

Ambassador of Brazil to Pakistan, H.E. Alfredo Leoni with personnel at the Residence.

23

Brazilian Embassy Activities-2012

razilian Embassy Islamabad Educational Program to Pakistani Commerce, Multan Chamber of B in the recent times has been Students to promotion of trade, Commerce and Peshawar really playing an active role culture and sports, Embassy is Chamber of Commerce. The in Pakistan in various sphere of doing what it can do. Also, in 2012, purpose of visit is to literate the life. This is quite evident by the the Brazilian Embassy has businessmen about Brazil, success recent visits of H.E. Alfredo Leoni organized its first Brazilian Movie story of Brazilian economy, current to different industrial cities of Festival and showcased a Photo trade with world and with Pakistan for the promotion of Exhibition of a Pakistani Pakistan and to answer the queries bilateral cooperation. H.E. Alfredo Photographer. Additionally, the in the mind of Pakistani Leoni took initiative to visit various Embassy is now offering free businessmen. Beside meetings prominent business forums of Portuguese Language Lessons for with Chambers of Commerce, he Pakistan in his efforts to promote Pakistani Students. also visited different companies bilateral trade volumes. From Together with Commercial which are doing business with contributions towards refugees in Section, in 2012, H.E. Alfredo Leoni Brazil. Pakistan and the opening of an visited Faisalabad Chamber of

Ambassador’s trip to Faisalabad – March 2012

H.E. Alfredo Leoni with the President of Faisalabad Chamber of Commerce and Industry and other members during his visit to Faisalabad Chamber of Commerce and Industry 25 President Faisalabad Chamber of Commerce and Industry Faisalabad Agriculture University official briefing Mr. Muzammil Sultan giving memento to H.E. Alfredo H.E. Alfredo Leoni while his visit to the University Leoni while his visit to Faisalabad Chamber

H.E. Alfredo Leoni with the dean and students of Madina University at their sports day Ambassador’s Trip to Peshawar – April 2012

President Khyber Pakhtoonkhawa Chamber of Commerce and Honorary Consul Mr. Amer Faruque presenting Industry Mr. Affan Aziz giving memento to H.E. Alfredo Leoni souvenir to H.E. Alfredo Leoni during his visit to while his visit to Chamber of Commerce and Industry Honorary Consulate of Brazil 26 Ambassador’s Trip to Multan

H.E. Alfredo Leoni, Ambassador of Brazil, addressing members of H.E. Alfredo Leoni is being briefed Multan Chamber of Commerce and Industry by an official of craft bazaar during his visit to Multan Craft Bazaar

H.E. Alfredo Leoni with the President of Multan Chamber of Commerce H.E. Alfredo Leoni briefed by Mr. Anees and Industry and other members during his visit to Multan Chamber Khawaja while his visit to Mahmood of Commerce and Industry Group of Companies Multan

H.E. Alfredo Leoni during his visit to production facility H.E. Alfredo Leoni with Mr. Saim Zulfiqar during his of Mahmood Group of Companies Multan visit to Volka Foods International, Multan 27 Photo Exhibition – Life is short, Let’s go to the Carnival -By Zulfikar Ali - April 2012

H.E. Alfredo Leoni at Zulfikar Ali’s Photo Exhibition Photographer taking snaps of exhibited picture at the Embassy of Brazil

H.E. Alfredo Leoni, with Mr. Zulfiqar, the photographer

Certificate Distribution to Portuguese Language Students – May 2012

H.E. Alfredo Leoni, Ambassador of Brazil with Portuguese Language Students in Brazilian Embassy, Islamabad.

28 Pakistan to start benefiting from Brazilian programs for exchange students

His Excellency Alfredo Leoni, Ambassador of Brazil explaining to journalist about Brazilian program for exchange student.

s of 2012, Pakistan became the courses through them. In 2012, 63 benefited of these scholarships. fiftieth country to participate Universities offered placements for Academic merit is the basis for the A in the Brazilian Programs of more than 90 different courses, selection of candidates for the PEC- Exchange Students, both for including medicine, engineering, PG, who must be fluent in Portuguese undergraduate (PEC-G) and graduate business administration, international language by the time of the level (PEC-PG). Ambassador Leoni has relations and many others. application. launched the Program in a Press For PEC-G, the Government of In order to improve the Conference held at the Brazilian Brazil offers the placements in the educational cooperation with Embassy, on May 2012. participating Universities with no Pakistan, the Embassy of Brazil in For the Brazilian Government, tuition fee, and students only have Islamabad has started offering free education is one of the most to cover their living expenses. Portuguese language courses at the important keys for development, and Candidates must be aged between Embassy. The course, open to it therefore sees cooperation in the 18 and 25 and have finished secondary everyone, has two different levels, area as fundamental in its relations education or similar course. To apply and is aimed at those who want to with other developing countries. for the PEC-G, students must show learn not only the language, but also Through PEC-G and PEC-PG, Brazil good academic records, having a about Brazil and its culture. To enroll aims at contributing to the formation college degree with overall average in the Portuguese classes, one only of qualified professionals and above 60%. If candidates for PEC-G has to go to the website of the enhance a rich exchange of cultural are not fluent in Portuguese, they Embassy and fill a simple application values. In order to accomplish that must take the Portuguese for form. objective, the Brazilian programs Foreigners course in the Brazilian The inclusion of Pakistan as a oblige students to go back to their University they are enrolled in for participant of the Brazilian Programs home countries after the completion one year. of Exchange Students is a landmark in of studies, so that they can effectively Still in the second part of 2012, the bilateral relations. Brazil and Pakistan contribute to the development of Embassy of Brazil will announce the have been actively working to their nation. opening of applications for the PEC- strengthen their ties through various These two programs have been an PG, which offers paid scholarships for initiatives in the recent years, and extremely successful experience for Masters and PhD programs in educational cooperation is an important decades, and, currently, more than Brazilian Universities. In 2011, there step in order to bring not only the 3,000 foreigners are in Brazil taking were more than 200 students from Governments, but the peoples of both undergraduate or graduate level around the developing world that countries closer together. 29 Sales Offices: Factory:

PESHAWAR: LAHORE: ISLAMABAD: NOWSHERA: 1st Floor, Betani Arcade, Jamrud Road, 3-Sundar Das Road, Off. Davis Mezzanine Floor,Razia Sharif Plaza, Village Lakrai. Opp. Runway, Peshawar Road, Lahore. 91-Blue Area, Islamabad P.O Box 28, Uan # 111-000-009 Uan # 111-000-009 UAN # 111-000-009 Nowshera, Fax # 091-5840447 Fax # 042-36286204 Fax # 051-2802364 Ph. # 091-5270531-4 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Fax # 091-5270536 PAKISTAN

BRAZIL

Pakistan and Brazil on the World Map BRAZIL Having a population of 192 million inhabitants, with continental dimensions, occupying 8.5 million square kilometers (fifth largest in the world),and GDP size of about 2.5 trillion US Dollars, Brazil is now positioned as sixth largest economy in the world.

National Day: 7th September Population: 192 Million Literacy: 92 % Language: Portuguese Capital: Brasilia Currency: Real $ Exports: 256 Billion US $ (2011) Imports: 226 Billion US $ (2011) Foreign Reserves: 374 Billion US $ (Jun 2012)

31 Brazil Today:

• Brazil is the 6th biggest economy of the world and the largest among all Latin American countries. • Brazilian territory, population and size of economy (GDP) are as big as those of all other South American countries together. • Brazil’s international reserves have reached the unprecedented level of US$ 374 billion. • Brazil is the world's 5th biggest country. It covers an area much larger than Western Europe and is slightly bigger than the United States excluding Alaska. • Brazil has borders with 10 out of all 12 countries which form South America. • World’s leading producer and exporter of iron, coffee, soybean, orange juice, corn, beef, chicken, sugar, tobacco and ethanol. • In sugar Brazil accounts for half of the world’s market. • World’s 4th largest manufacturer of aircraft and top producer of models seating up to 120 passengers. • Owner of one of the ten largest oil reserves and 3rd largest biodiesel exporter. • 6th largest manufacturer of automobiles, having the 4th largest vehicle market. • 87% of automobile in Brazil are running on flex fuel (blend of bio fuel and gasoline). • 13th in the ranking of nations with largest volume of scientific production. • World’s largest river basin, with hydroelectric power supplying 73% of energy needs. • Brazil has 388 million hectares of fertile lands which offer high productivity, 90 million of which have not been explored yet. • Brazil is the gateway to MERCOSUR (Common Market of South America). • In 2011 around 9 million tourists have visited Brazil. • Brazil will host 2014 Football World Cup as well as 2016 Rio Olympics.

32 A Brief Brazilian Success Story

Brazil has made a sharp turnaround from 1994, with the establishment of the “Real Plan” which has been successful since then in promoting development, taming inflation and stabilizing the economy. In 2002, Brazil obtained 30 Billion US Dollars loan from the IMF. As a sign of its prosperity and effectiness of its economic policies, Brazil, now, lends money to the IMF, as 20 Billion US Dollars have been borrowed to the international body. Following are few of the major steps followed by the Brazilian Governments over the Belo Horizonte, capital of Minas Gerais, one of the most important years to make possible this huge industrial regions of Brazil turnaround.

• Huge emphasis made on self-reliance, maximum utilization of the country’s own natural resources and consistencies in the economic GDP Size of Brazil-2011 policies. • The economy of the country opened to foreign In the World investment and major state own enterprises were privatized. • Inflation was tamed and expenditures of local and federal government were required by law to rein in their budget. The central bank was given complete autonomy to halt inflation. • Tax to GDP was gradually brought up to the level of 35 % which enable the government to generate revenue within the country and eliminated the reliance on the external sources. • Reliance on alternate energy sources e.g. Bio fuels help economy to save huge foreign reserves. Moreover seventy percent of electricity is produced from hydro sources. In Latin America • Huge emphasis on agriculture, livestock’s and agro based industries which are mandatory for long term growth of any economy. • Continued exploration and development of oil reserves both on land and in the sea which enable the country to get rid of oil imports. • The implementation of very develop and inclusive Social Programs, aimed at increasing people’s revenues. This lead to the development of a very strong and powerful internal consumer market, and took 30 million Brazilians of the poverty line. 33 SYNTRONICS an innovative packaging

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Join us: Syntronics-Limited Syntronics Web: www.syntronics-adstar.com, E-mail: [email protected] Rio+20 and “The Future We Want”: An Inclusive Conference Brazil hosted the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development, known as Rio+20, between June 13 and 22. This was one of the largest international conferences in history, since it gathered more than 50.000 participants and over 90 Heads of State and Heads of Government in the High Level segment of the Conference.

he outcome of Rio+20 was are a pillar of sustainable Goals (MDG’s). Although the T an inclusive and very development – to the details of this Goals are yet to be significant document that establishment of new decided upon, the idea was set new goals on sustainable environmental governance consensually approved by the development to be achieved in policies. almost 200 delegations, and this the 21st century. This document mechanism will certainly help to One of the most relevant set out new guidelines to build a build a more sustainable future. more sustainable and harmonious results of the Conference was the The document approved and the way of life in the world’s societies. agreement to establish creation of Sustainable A diverse array of themes was Sustainable Development Goals, Development Goals are then a dealt with in this document, building on the example of the successful outcome of a complex ranging from social issues – which UN Millennium Development multilateral negotiation.

35 The most important part of Rio de Janeiro, which brought of a session and one by Internet Rio+20, however, goes beyond attention to sustainable users. The Heads of States and the documents approved and development. Governments that attended even the more than a hundred Rio+20 received the thirty most The Dialogues of Sustainable Chiefs of State and Chiefs of voted proposals to take into Development were another key Government that were present. account in the negotiation. tool to improve the participation It was the enormous participation of the people in Rio+20. Through The Dialogues process was of the civil society that gave the this digital platform, more than coordinated by representatives Conference its strength, with sixty thousand people from every of several universities and more than fifty thousand people country of the world gave institutions around the world, from all over the planet that took opinions and recommendations who opened discussions on the part in more than six thousand that were given to the High Level internet in April. More than 1.4 parallel events that happened Segment of the Conference and million votes were casted online during the event. Rio+20, taken into consideration during on the proposals, which covered therefore, gave a chance for every the negotiation of the final the most varied themes, such as part of the society to put forward document. This was the first time migration and work conditions, their ideas on the future of the that such an inclusive mechanism sustainable cities and innovation, world. was used during a UN water, forests and many others. Conference. Everyone was represented at Rio+20 did not only set new Rio+20, ecologist groups, The mechanism was organized environmental and lifestyle feminists, NGO’s, minority groups, in rounds of discussion, with agendas, it set a new model on indigenous peoples, persons with participants addressing priority how to tackle global issues: with disabilities, peasants, all of them issues on the international the participation and inclusion of were a little part of the agenda of sustainability in each all sectors of society. “The future Conference. As parallel activities, round. Three proposals were we want” must be built together, there were several artistic and chosen of each round, one by the and its cornerstone was launched cultural exhibitions throughout speakers, one by the participants in Brazil, in June 2012. 36 Brazil Sustainable Country

Brazil has just hosted the Rio+20 Conference, one of the biggest multilateral conferences that has even taken place in history. More than 50,000 people, 90 Heads of States and Government and almost 200 delegations gathered in Rio, in June 2012, to discuss the future of the planet. The main goal of the Rio+20 was to address a very important subject: Sustainable Development. This concept is very broad, and encompasses three main dimensions: the social, the economic and the environmental one. Sustainability does not refer only to the way countries manage their natural resources, but the way they manage their main policies, and it could be applied in almost all areas. Here are some of how Brazil is dealing with this concept, and becoming a real Sustainable Country, ready to face the challenges of the 21st century. 37 Inclusive and Sustainable Growth

Extreme poverty levels fell three times faster than necessary to achieve the first MillenniumDevelopment Goal. In 2007, for the first time ever, the UN included Brazil in the group of countries with a high human development index. Sustainable growth with social inclusion is also based on cash transfer programs such as BolsaFamília (Family Grant), which assists 12,9 million poor households (some 50 million people) and is part of the Brazilian network of social protection and promotion. According Recife, in the state of Pernambuco, is one of the fastest growing to the World Bank, BolsaFamília is cities in Brazil. the largest cash transfer program in the world and its effective management – the program reaches The new cycle of economic minimum wage, greater access to millions of people with resources development results in an expanded credit by the population, and a set equivalent to 0.4% of the GDP – has mass consumer market and less social of public policies for income transfer drawn the attention of several inequality, an environment of and the valorization of citizenship. countries, including developed institutional stability and increased Economic development in Brazil nations. It is also rated by the UN as social cohesion. has been accompanied by significant one of the world’s most effective Brazil has started a new growth gains in the social area, with a strong poverty eradication programs. The cycle by expanding the mass reduction in poverty and inequality. UN World Food Program is consumer market. This drive was Between 2001 and 2009, the per considering adopting the model as motivated, among other factors, by capita income of the poorest a way to both ensure assistance to increased family income, increased at a rate of 6.79% per families that suffer from increasing employment generation, restoration annum, while the income of the food prices and help feed some 20 of the purchasing power of the richest 10% rose by 1.49% per annum. million children around the world. Purchasing Power

Growth with income distribution 2000, surpassing 133 million according coupled with the recovery of the to the Brazilian Federation of Banks minimum wage and employment (FederaçãoBrasileira de Bancos - generation have helped to increase Febraban). Access to employment with the purchasing power of Brazilians. a formal contract, in turn, provides 15.4 million new formal jobs were greater access to banks and payment created from 2003 to 2010. The average methods. real minimum wage boasted a 57.3% In 2010, Brazil reached the record increase between 2003 and 2010. of more than 150 million credit cards Greater access to credit, one of in circulation. The sector’s revenues, Brazil’s growth engines, and the including debit, credit and retail store increased number of bank accounts cards amounted to US$ 324 billion in are also part of this new reality. The 2010. Brazilians are buying more food total supply of credit in the economy and durable goods like cars, houses increased from 24.6% of GDP in 2003 and appliances, which have become to 46.4% in 2010. more affordable due to the increase in income and credit. Household With the rise of the middle class, consumption totaled US$ 1.4 trillion in the number of current accounts in the 2010, having accounted for over half Growing middle class country has more than doubled since of GDP that year. 38 Social Inclusion The decrease in poverty and inequality and the rise of the middle class are anchored in the implementation of social protection and promotion policies, coupled with the opportunities that sustained economic growth has brought to the lives and homes of Brazilians, therefore attesting to the commitment of Brazil’s development model: to promote economic progresswith social inclusion. In 2011, Brazil launched a All children have access to school comprehensive national poverty to its neediest citizens. by the Brazilian Institute of alleviation plan named “Brasil Geography and Statistics (IBGE) sem Miséria” to lift 16.2 million The goal of “Brasil sem based on data collected through Brazilians out of extreme poverty Miséria” is to raise the national the 2010 census. through cash transfer initiatives, average income and overall increased access to education, quality of life for the Brazilian “Brasil sem Miséria” attaches health, welfare, sanitation and population by focusing on the priority to the expansion of a electricity, and productive demographic that lives below the broad range of public services to inclusion. This flagship program extreme poverty line. The plan the extremely poor, including of the Brazilian government will will identify those families and documentation, electricity, create new programs and expand support them in an integrated literacy, medical, dental and existing initiatives in partnership and personalized way through an ophthalmic treatment, day care with states, municipalities, public array of social programs, and sanitation. Citizens who are and private companies and civil according to their individual not already beneficiaries of society organizations to extend needs. To achieve its goal, the Brazil’s existing cash transfer the opportunities generated by government is utilizing the programs, such as BolsaFamília, Brazil’s strong economic growth extreme poverty maps produced are being registered for this program. In addition, the program emphasizes productive inclusion at both the national and regional levels, increasing the skills and capabilities of citizens to play a functional role in the national economy. Brazil also boasts important achievements which go beyond the decline in poverty and inequality: reduced child mortality and malnutrition, universal access to primary education, increased number of technical schools, and Campinas, a city in the countryside of the state of São Paulo, is free and universal treatment for a good example of the sustained economic growth. HIV-positive individuals.

39 Tourism In Brazil – An Opportunity To Travel In A Sustainable Way

magine you have 20 days off lodges, local culinary (ask for compared to other Brazilian cities I next semester. Instead of tucunaré and cupuaçu), exquisite and states. It was just recently going to see old museums in types of fruits, bird watching that Brazilians and international Europe, why not try something (highlight is the beautiful travelers have discovered the joy different? Here’s an idea: go to Guianan cock-of-rock), forest of the rainforest. For local people Manaus, a city that lies in the very trails, jungle trekking, and much and governments in Brazil, the heart of the Amazon rainforest. more. All this while learning how goal is to increase employment From there, take a two-hour trip to preserve the environment and opportunities, foster local income, to the city of Presidente getting to know the amazing improve the link between local Figueiredo and enjoy a full Brazilian biodiversity. communities and tourism Amazon experience: more than Even though the Amazon attractions in order to fight 90 waterfalls, caves and river forest is a landmark of Brazil, poverty and preserve the forest rapids, boat hotels and forest tourism to the region is still shy at the same time.

40 Beaches in the state of Alagoas Diving in Bonito Curitiba, the 5th largest city in Brazil is also known for its sustainable city planning

For that reason, Brazil’s Environment Programme (UNEP) citizenship”, said the Minister of government is investing in and the World Tourism Tourism of Brazil, Gastão Dias projects, studies and workshops Organization (UNWTO). Vieira, in his speech for opening that highlight green innovation the event. “The definition of and sustainable development. In competitiveness in tourism is With the Football World Cup the Rio+20 Conference, held in closely linked with three taking place in Brazil in 2014, and Rio de Janeiro in June, 2012, the objectives: development, inclusion Olympic Games scheduled to Rio Brazilian Ministry of Tourism and conservation. There can be de Janeiro in 2016, the Brazilian supported the side event “Green no economic growth in tourism government expects a huge boost Innovation in Tourism”, co-hosted without sustainability, without in tourism for the next years. by the Organization for Economic conservation of natural resources Visibility and economic growth Co-operation and Development and without incentives to are already helping to bring more (OECD), the United Nations international travelers. Data from the Ministry of Tourism shows that, in April 2012, visitors from other countries spent US$ 557 million in Brazil, which is 5.78% more thanthe same period of the previous year. For the World Cup, the government has prepared a line of credit named Pro Copa Turismo, with credit sources to improve the hotel industry. Sustainable projects will be awarded better interest and deadlines. Projects like this show that it is possible to make tourism more profitable, more labor- intensive and more environmentally-friendly, the Stadium in Manus – For the World Cup recipe for a better future.

41 Go Green With Brazilian Eco-fashion

initiative towards a pirarucu fish leather, jute, and more sustainable organic silk) from raw-material fashion. Since 2004, creation to end-of-life disposal. the brand has raised more than – We are running out of time to US$ 1 million for the really act the way we shall do: as Institute of guardians of this planet towards its Ecological Research preservation. We are the generation (Instituto IPÊ) that is living in one of the most through sales of a important periods of civilization – line of flip-flops says Oskar Metsavaht, founder of named Havaianas Osklen. IPÊ. The Institute has been helping One of the main difficulties for endangered species ecofashion, though, lies on finding in Brazil for more good suppliers because most of the here is a new trend among than 15 years. processes are still handmade. This Brazilians consumers: business sector is embryonic and T Osklen is another example of a ecofriendly clothes. According big Brazilian company going green. making clothes from ecofriendly to a recent National Geographic Since 1999, the brand has being material can be costly at times. With search, 41% of Brazilians are willing producing pieces with “e-fabric the Pakistani long tradition in fabric to pay more for a product that tags”, created to show consumers and silk, ecofashion could be a yet consumes less energy. The trend, that the ecofriendly origin of its materials. another good niche market for a might have started with those At the Rio+20 Conference, in June, Brazilian-Pakistani partnership for famous ecobags used in food 2012, Osklen announced a new the future. Let’s keep an eye on it. markets, has now spread to dresses, partnership with shirts, shoes, hats, and anything you the Italian Ministry can imagine, making the green style of Environment to the new black. promote the Being a green shopper or development of asustainable fashionista has never cutting-edge been so easy in Brazil. Large Brazilian technologies for brands as Havaianas, Osklen, eco-friendly Malwee, Melissa, Santaconstancia, textiles. The project, Mara Mac, Grendene e Éden are all named “Traces”, investing in ecofriendly clothes. will include a pilot Organic cotton, bamboo and recycled assessment of PET are among the favorite material Osklen’s carbon used by local suppliers. footprint, particularly the Havaianas, famous for its environmental signature flip-flops, has just impact of six of its introduced Havaianas Eco, a line of preferred “e- footwear made with rubber left over fabrics” (organic from flip-flops during regular and natural cotton, production. They come in pink, minty recycled cotton, grey or baby blue with jelly straps. recycled PET, Rio Fashion Week Show This is not the first Havaianas 42 Abundant Clean Electricity Fuels Brazil’s Growth

t was the night of March, I 11th,1999. A widespread blackout hit Brazil’s most populated and industrialized region, affecting some 90 million people. It was absolutely dark for almost 4 hours in global metropolis such as Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo. The power outage was consequence of a combination of droughts and bad planning, an investment crisis that crippled Brazilian energy industry during the 1980s and 1990s, affecting the country’s economy as a whole. For most of Brazilians it seemed like a dark era would come, but 13 years later the country has overcome those issues through investment and good decisions. Today Brazil sees its One third of energy produced at Itaipu is enough to supply electricity for economy growing steadily in times the whole State of Rio de Janeiro, that has 16 million inhabitants. of worldwide crisis, a scenario hard to picture without abundant Grande do Norte with US$ 400 like many others, struggles with electricity and well-planned million financed by Banco do Brasil energy problems that affect people’s infrastructure. and Banco Nacionalde Desenvol lives and the economy as a whole. vimento Econômico e Social (BNDES), With investment, good decisions and Blessed by nature, Brazil’s energy both government banks. strong partners it is possible to matrix relies mainly on hydropower overcome such issues in less than a and other renewable sources. It’s the Investment takes a pivotal place decade. cleanest energy matrix in the in Brazil’s overcoming its energy industrialized world. New data problems. According to the United released in June 2012 by the Brazilian Nations Environment Programme Energy Research Company (EPE) (UNEP), investment in renewable shows that 88.8% of electricity sources increased 8% in Brazil from supplied in the country in 2011 comes 2010 to 2011, up to US$ 7 billion. Data from renewable sources. This from the International Atomic Energy represents an increase of 2.5% in Agency (IAEA) shows that, in 2009, comparison to the previous year. the world’s electric matrix averaged 19.5%, a number that pales in Also good news was the increase comparison to Brazil’s 88.8% in 2011. in wind power. Even though it still represents a small percentage in the The report from EPE also reveals domestic production of electric that Brazil’s energy production is energy in Brazil, wind power becoming more efficient. The production was up 24.2% from 2010 domestic supply of energy rose 1.3% to 2011, reaching 2,700 gigawatt- percent in 2011, while Gross Domestic hours in 2011. This shows a bright Product (GDP) expanded 2.7% in the future for the sector in Brazil. In the same year, which means the country next fours years several wind farms consumed less energy to produce more goods and services. This is yet will be ready to start producing. Most another sign that Brazil solidifies and of them are already in construction. widens its leading position towards A group of Spanish and Brazilian a more sustainable and clean world. investors has recently won the bid to build 10 wind farms in the Brazil’s successful story is a good Wind Turbine example for Pakistan, a country that, northeastern states of Bahia and Rio 43 Brazilian Agriculture, An Example Of Sustainable Development

razil is called by many as the Brazil a natural vocation for of Brazilians. In Brazil, family Bbreadbasket of the world. agriculture in a way that respects agriculture and related productive In addition to a diverse the concept of sustainable chains account for 10% of climate, regular rainfall, abundant development. national GDP and ensure the solar energy and 12% of all social inclusion of millions of In what regards to the social available freshwater on the Brazilians. pillar of sustainable development, planet, Brazil has a lot of arable Brazil has a strong agricultural Brazil has one of the largest land. With 388 million hectares production based on small family consumer markets in the world, of fertile, highly productive farms. These are projects that rely with a population that exceeds agricultural land, of which 90 on credit lines of the National 190 million. Around 65% of the million remain unexplored, the Program to Strengthen Family domestic food production is country has potential to multiply Agriculture (ProgramaNacional consumed domestically and 35% by three its current grain de Fortalecimento da Agricultura is exported to more than 211 production without resorting to Familiar - PRONAF), which covers markets. In recent years, few deforestation. Moreover, as a about 96% of the country’s 5,565 countries have shown a growth result of increased livestock municipalities. The program is in international agribusiness trade productivity, 30% of the 220 targeted at approximately 4.3 as impressive as Brazil’s. million hectares of grassland million production units, which Agribusiness exports have could be used for agricultural are responsible for 70% of the increased from US$ 30.6 billion production. These factors ensure food that reaches the dinner table in 2003 to US$ 76.4 billion in 2010.

Hightech Machinery in Soy Plantations 44 company’s research and development units, state centers, universities and private institutions. Virtual laboratories abroad (LABEX), such as those established in the United States, in Europe (France, Germany, Netherlands and the UK) and in Asia (China and South Korea), are integral parts of the Embrapa system. The company has an also relevant role in Brazilian technical cooperation projects, as it transfers agricultural production technology to developing countries in Latin America, Africa and the Caribbean. Embrapa has In the countryside of the state of Paraná, Cascavel is an example on how a good offices in Ghana and Panama, and agribusiness model can lead to economic and social development. is present, through technical cooperation projects, in Angola, Achieving such impressive main organizations behind the Benin, Burkina Faso, Chad, El results while maintaining a increase in the Brazilian Salvador, Haiti, Mali, sustainable approach to production of grains. The region Mozambique and Senegal. agribusiness was only possible that currently leads the through a strong commitment to production of soybeans in Brazil It is therefore by putting social and environmental policies was considered infertile until, in together efforts to strengthen and increased investment in the 1970s, new growing family agriculture; guarantee research and development. techniques developed by proper agricultural zoning so as Embrapa transformed the cerrado to not occupy environmentally The scientific and technological in one of the most productive protected areas; and focus on development for the regions of the world for grain productivity improvement rather modernization of rural activity cultivation. than area expansion that Brazilian and the expansion of the agriculture has been able to agricultural machinery and Embrapa leads the National sustainably grow in the past years implements industry arekeys for Agricultural Research System. This and turn the country into the that process. The productivity network includes, besides the breadbasket of the world. index of Brazilian agriculture has increased by 105% in the last 20 years, which allows the country to have a larger production in the same area. The grain harvest, for example, grew 169.2% between the 1990/1991 and 2010/2011 harvests, but its occupied area grew only 29.6%. A strong commitment to agricultural research enabled Brazil to adapt crops to the different soils and climates of its main production regions. The main agent of innovation in the area is the Brazilian Agricultural Research Company (Embrapa), which is recognized as one of the Embrapa Research

45

A Brazilian Art Form: Interview with Ammar Latif, a Pakistani Capoeira Player

Rugendas, German Painter from the 19th Century, depicted a “Roda de Capoeira” apoeira is one of Brazil’s most characteristic cultural C expressions, and one that has many different definitions. Capoeira can be described as a Brazilian martial art form which combines fight, dance, rhythm and movement. It is a dialog between players - a conversation through movement which can take on many shades of meaning. This is one of the best preserved heritages of the African culture in Brazil, practiced across the country and all over the world. Including Pakistan! Ammar Latif is a Pakistani practitioner of capoeira, who has been spreading this culture through the country after having learned it in Europe. In this interview, he tells us his story talks about the beauty and the meanings of capoeira.

48 Jewel Time - How did you get in touch with Capoeira, Ammar? Why did it call your attention? Ammar Latif - I learned about Capoeira from a Brazilian by the name of Gustavo, whom I met in Dublin while I was working as a kitchen porter in The Gotham Cafe. He was in Dublin for three months and then he left for Brazil. There was no capoeira being taught at the time in Dublin and I didn't want to stop training, so I would research the history and music and watch videos online to try and learn the art and mix it with whatever martial arts practice I already had going on. I did this for about two and a half years Roda de Capoeira in Brazil. Both Men and Women participate. before I found a place to train. That was the start of my capoeira journey, Personally I see it as a physical when to sing a song is fundamental training with Oficina da Capoeira lifestyle led by its philosophy, as a to having a good understanding of under the guidance of CM Sansão. way to manifest my creative energies capoeira. It also forms a natural I had trained various martial arts as well as to let go of my stress and pathway to the history and (to varying degrees) since a young anxiety. When I am sick or not able philosophy of capoeira as the songs age and on seeing a roda for the to train physically I can go to a roda are basically an encoded historical first time, I knew that this was an art and play instruments and sing so it experience of a people. Lastly it fills that I was going to practice till I was can be a social activity that way. At the rodawith energy which guides very old. The music, the community other times I am able to go and train the players interaction, playfully or aspect, the playfullness, the cultural and see this as a personal activity of in a tough way or to play as side of things and most of all the making myself stronger in a physical beautifully as they can. various philosophies behind the art way. It has taught me many things, all meant that I had found a martial JT - As a teacher, what do you about my own body and mind and art that was creative and abstract think are the most important aspects my approach to the world. A sense enough for me to always be of Capoeira? What can people learn of inclusiveness and increased discovering something new. and develop through it? awareness of the world around me JT - Do you consider Capoeira as and most of all to have fun, to enjoy AL - Well, first I would like to art, dance, sport, as all of that? the community of people around me clarify that I am not a formed and to always try to make myself a student/teacher of Capoeira. I have AL - I have come to consider little bit better to deal with life in a never received any formal level/belt Capoeira as many things at different positive way. times. It is definitely an art but it also that allows me to call myself can be looked at scientifically and anything but a student of Capoeira. JT - Do you think that there is rationally for what it is. Part of its What I have been trying to do is form potential for Capoeira to grow in appeal to me is its unboundedness a study group for capoeira students Pakistan? from category, how it can be all of so that when this is established I can AL - I have been trying to form a these things and more. It depends invite a Mestre from Brazil to make regular study group in Islamabad on the practitioners most of all, I us part of the worldwide capoeira since 2007 and have had mixed and think. diaspora. We will then have a formal unpredictable results so far. It has curriculum and managed to continue as a regular guidance. activity but it has never really So, as somebody flourished as a mainstay of the who is basically culture and art scene here so far. familiarizing Having said that, there is definitely students with the a great potential for Capoeira in basic movements, Pakistan. I am sure it will become songs and approach more popular as a regular activity. to the art of Lahore and Karachi are also places Capoeira, I would say where I intend to start training with that one of the most interested prospective students. important things to Hopefully one day it may establish me is the music. itself as a social activity which works Knowing how to towards rehabilitating and teaching play the rhythm at disadvantaged youth how to live life City of Salvador; on of the capoeiras main cites the right time or in a positive way. 49 Lilian Mayer: bringing Brazil to Pakistani ears razilian music is known worldwide for its signature rhythm: Samba. Indeed, B samba is an obvious reference when it comes to Brazil, but several other music styles thrived in the country, many of them with a samba twist. One example is Bossa Nova, the Brazilian mixture of samba and jazz that fascinated Frank Sinatra in the 1960s. Aside from that, there is alsochoro (or chorinho), MPB (Brazilian Popular Music), and, nowadays, what is called samba-rock – a fine mixture of classic rock with Brazilian samba. The Embassy of Brazil in Islamabad will bring, in September, a Brazilian pianist and singer that will showcase some of the Instruments used for playing samba different rhythms of Brazil. Lilian Mayer will play in Pakistan for the first time and talks to us a little about Brazilian music and her expectations for Pakistan. Jewel Time -Lilian, what are the of this important Pakistani colors and sounds, will be a very most important characteristics of musician. I have made some rich experience, I am sure. Brazilian music? What makes researches of Pakistani Music by According to the concert, I hope I Brazilian music unique? internet, and I believe that there can offer to the audience a is much to learn with this culture. significant panel of Brazilian music. Lilian Mayer - Brazilian Music has And I think that the more a people been influenced by many cultures, JT -What are your expectations for can be able to contact other musical form Africa, Europe and also from the travel and the concert in cultures, the more this culture can the American Jazz, that gave origin Pakistan? Do you think that be better and complete, in terms if our Bossa Nova. It is probably the Brazilian music has a space to grow of education. So, I believe that mixture of all these influences that here? Brazilian culture has space and make Brazilian Music unique. LM -To know Pakistan, its culture, atmosphere to grow there. JT -Percussion instruments, which are widely used in Brazil for samba, for instance, are the most popular around here. Do you think that there are connections between Brazilian music and South Asian music? LM -Certainly yes. Even the compositional structure of our Northeastern Music shows many similarities with the compositional structure of South Asia Music. JT -Do you know any Pakistani musician? Or the style of Pakistani music? LM -I had the honor of watch a concert of NusratFateh Ali Khan in Amazon Theatre – Opera House in Manaus, in the middle of the Brazil, at the 90's, and I have a CD Amazonic region.

50 Polo in Brazil: Interview with a Pakistani Polo Player

Although it is known as the “country of football”, Brazil is also a place to play a very Pakistani sport: Polo.The sport arrived in Brazil in the 1930s, brought by enthusiastic European businessmen. Brazilian Polo reached maturity in the 1970s, when the import of adequate horses was allowed and the exchange with creators and players from other countries was A Polo Centre in Brazil stimulated.

owadays Polo there are many Brazil? the horses and their speed which are Polo players in Brazil, around the essentials of the game... Good Hassan -Yes, I know some players from Nhalf of them in São Paulo, andthe horses and grounds lead to good Polo! the Itaipava team,which is the team I others in Rio Grande do Sul, Rio de will go practice and play with. Of all JT - Where are you going to play in Janeiro, Minas Gerais and Brasilia. In Brazilian players I know Rico Mansur Brazil? What are your expectations for São Paulo, Helvetia's Region, 100 is the best: 6 handicap, great control your Brazilian Polo experience? kilometers from the state’s capital, is over the ball and good hits... the biggest field concentration center Hassan - It would be surely a dream of Polo in Brazil. In the whole, the JT - Is there any special characteristic come true going and playing in Brazil, district has 22 official fields, distributed of Polo played in Brazil? What are the a lovely place and the best to play Polo. in private farms and clubs that organize differences between Brazilian and I have great expectations of playing tournaments very disputed during the Pakistani Polo? well and making a mark in my first visit whole year. The second largest center so I can go practice the game again in is in Orlandia, near the city of Hassan - Surely, there are alot of Brazil. I would love to make a polo RibeirãoPreto, where the sport was differences betweenPolo in Brazil and future in Brazil. I am going to Porto carried by the family Junqueiro. The in Pakistan. In Brazil it is practiced in Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, which I season starts in March and finishes in better farmlands and fields, and also believe is one of the best polo playing November, with games every Saturdays we should mention the the quality of areas in the country. and Sundays. And Brazilian Polo has recently become familiar to Pakistanis as well. This year, a Pakistani Polo player, Mr. Hassan Ameen, is going to Brazil to spend some time training and playing at the Itaipava team, in Rio Grande do Sul. Jewel Time - How did you find out that Polo is also practiced in Brazil? Hassan -I got to know about polo in Brazil ever since I started practicing the game in 2009,it has been three years that I got to know that Brazil and Argentina are a polo playing hub and the best polo centres in the world because of the huge farmlands and the great horses available there. JT - Do you know Brazilian Polo players? Who are the best players in Hassan Ameen in Polo Match 51 Brazillood? – Interview with two young Brazilian filmakers

City of God, Central Station and Elite Squad are very successful Brazilian Movies Brazilian filmmaking is recognized around the world for its quality and diversity. Over the last decades, films from the country received high honors such as the Palm D’or at the Cannes Film Festival in 1962 for The Given Word (O Pagador de Promessas, by Anselmo Duarte). After some years of difficulties in 1990s, filmmaking in Brazil has just gained a new breath of life, both in terms of opportunities to explore new themes and incentives to make national blockbusters. Domestic audiences seem willing to go to movie theaters to watch Brazilian films and a new generation of filmmakers is ready to give them what they want. The new generation oung filmmakers Frederico Frederico are now in post- emergency of a number of cinema Y Pinto and Camila Gonzatto production, working in their first schools in Brazil, the increase of are good examples of this: feature film, an animation named government stimulus (programmes they produce, write and direct their The Adventures of the Red and fund-raising). With better films, own films. Sometimes Camila Airplane, to be released in 2013. the audience for local films also directs and Frederico writes, Their next project is Alice, also a expanded – says Camila. sometimes is the opposite. They feature film. Frederico explains that working have participated in films festivals - Brazilian filmmaking grew a with cinema in Brazil can still be around the world, taken classes in lot over the past years. Some of the films schools in Cuba and produced reasons for that are the hard at times, especially in terms a number of short films and improvement of digital technology of distribution, but a lot has documentaries for TV. Camila and as well its decrease in costs, the improved. Since graduating from 52 Advertising School, Frederico has international distribution. The same themes that they are dealing dedicated his professional life to Brazilian market is very much with. But, generally speaking, cinema. focused on foreign languages Brazilian cinema is well received productions, especially from the - Over the past year, filmmaking abroad. International distribution United States. But, from they own has been my main source of is still very difficult though – says experience, they reckon there is a income, but I have worked with Camila. Good thing is, Brazilians lot of interest in Brazilian movies television and also as a teacher in are very creative. Our creativity is in other countries. film school. I think the majority of attracting people’s attention in film professionals still ends up - I think there is a lot of curiosity festivals and foreign markets, dividing its time with towards our cinema. In some places especially for animated films. This complementary activities. people are still expecting our is why countries like France and For the partners the main movies to be exotic. Others are Canadaare co-producing TV shows problem is still domestic and surprised that we dealing with the with Brazil – adds Frederico.

Difficulties and Rebirth

Station (1998), a worldwide success directed by Walter Salles. Starring veteran actress Fernanda Montenegro, a Brazilian favorite, Central Station took the Golden Bear at the Berlin Film Festival as Best Film andMontenegro was nominated Best Actress at the Golden Globes and the Oscar that year, becoming the first Brazilian actor to ever achieve such honors. With Four Days in September (Bruno Barreto, 1997) also receiving a nomination for Best Foreign Language Film at the Academy Awards in 1997, the period set a wider appeal and market for the Brazilian movies outside the country. Among the many Brazilians Film Festivals, Gramado’s Festival shines as the most important. Another strong landmark is City of God (Fernando Meirelles and Katia Lund, 2002), a tale about Two decades ago, though, there 1992, a new administration took urban violence and social contrasts were few opportunities for those office. It was the beginning of the that showed that local audiences who wanted to make films. The revival of Brazilian cinema. were also interested in seeing first two years of the 1990s were One important element that controversial films about difficult probably the worst in Brazilian film contributed to this new scenario themes on the big screen, history. From a peak of 100 titles was the establishment of laws that something that Carandiru (Hector in the early 1980s, Brazilian made possible to build a new fund- Babenco, 2003), about life in a production dropped to only two raising system allowing public and famous Brazilian prison, also films released in 1992, much as private companies to deduct from proved to be true. Both films were result of shutting down Embrafilme their income taxes part of the commercial successes, and City of (Brazilian Film Company), the main resources invested in any cultural Godeven got four Oscar supporterof Brazilian cinema back production, including film nominations (director, screenplay, then, and downgrading the production. In 1995, films like editing and cinematography). Ministry of Culture to a Secretariat, Carlota Joaquina (Carla Camurati) with less power, resources and More recently, a successful and ForeignLand (Walter Salles and influence. Both actions were taken partnership between filmmakers Daniela Thomas) showedsome of during the presidency of Fernando and TV productions and resources the first concrete results of those Collor de Mello, a period of brought millions of Brazilians to laws. economic crisis and high inflation. movies theaters to watch films such When Collor resigned following a A strong process of creative as Lisbela and The Prisoner corruption scandal in December, rebirth culminated with Central (GuelArraes, 2003), Two sons of 53 Francisco (BrenoSilveira, 2005), If I Are You (Daniel Filho, 2006) and In Therapy (José AlvarengaJr, 2009) . In 2008, Elite Squad (José Padilha) became a cultural phenomenon in Brazil. Its sequel, Elite Squad 2 – The Enemy Within (José Padilha, 2010), holds records for ticket sales and gross revenue in the country: it is the highest box office of a local film in Brazilian history, attracting more than 10 million people to movies theaters. Fernando Meirelles “in action” Carla Camuratti, a Brazilian Filmmaker Brazilian Film Festival in Islamabad To celebrate Brazilian filmmaking, the Embassy of Brazil in Islamabad has promoted a serious of events screening Brazilians films for local audiences. In February, 2012, it was organized the 1st Festival of Brazilian Cinema in Pakistan, with eight feature films being shown, including Central Station and Lisbela and The Prisoner. - It was a very successful event. We were very proud to see so many people coming to the Embassy to watch our films. We are already planning other festivals because there is still a lot to show – says Secretary ThomazNapoleão, deputy head of mission at the Embassy. Exhbition of Brazilian Documentaries - Islamabad In July, 2012, it was time for an pickers in Rio de Janeiro, as the - We want people from Pakistan exhibition of documentaries, artist Vik Muniz creates art out of to discover more about who another specialty of Brazilian recycled material; and Pelé Forever Brazilians are and what is going on filmmakers. The programme (AnibalMassaini) on the world’s in our country. And we think included four films: Senna greatest football player’s life from Brazilian movies are perfect for (AsifKapadia, 2010), about the his childhood up to the present. that. Brazil is a place of such famous Formula 1 driver; Oscar diversity and we want to show this For the Brazilian National Day, Niemeyer – Life is a Breath to the Pakistani people here. celebrated on September, 7th, the (FabianoMaciel, 2010) on life and Everybody is invited – adds works of the award-winning Embassy is already planning a 2nd secretary Gustavo MeiraCarneiro, architect; Waste Land (Lucy Walker, Film Festival, an event that will who is in charge of Cultural Section. 2010) aboutthe lives of garbage span the whole month. The future So what lies ahead for the Brazilian diversity of themes and techniques your cell phone – especulates cinema? is a good indication of what we Frederico. - The great challange right now will see on the screen in the next Iniciatives like the Film Festival is to reach a larger audience, not few years. And it doesn’t matter in Pakistan will certainly help that. only in Brazil but also abroad. The what is the size of the screen: it It might be the final push Brazilian increase in co-productions with could be on the big screen, on a cinema needs to reach more and other countries and the growing TV, on the computer or even on more people around the world.

54

Brazilian Gastronomy

“Tell me what you eat, and I will As we look through a tell you who you are”. Brillat- recipe book of Brazilian Savarin’s famous saying expresses cooking, we soon observe appropriately the relationship the regional diversity between individuals and food. expressed in the different Although ingesting food is a typical recipesof its cuisine. biological act, eating is a social and Barreado and arroz cultural one, and to know more carreteiro in the meat- about Brazil and its culture, it is then loving South region; necessary to learn more about moqueca (a kind of Brazilian gastronomy. seafood stew), tutu de feijão, feijoada and feijão Brazilian cuisine is hybrid in its tropeiro (different ways of origin and integrates, in this cooking beans) in the continuous mixture, ingredients and Southeast region; tapioca, preparations that are not only baião de dois, paçoca of Portuguese and indigenous, but also A typical plate of feijão com arroz dried meat, buchada de African and Asian. As such, it has (rice and beans). bode, galinha à cabidela, developed since the beginning as bobó decamarão, vatapá and current average consumption of one of the most globalized ones, acarajé in the African influenced beans is 12.7 kg per Brazilian per year. involving all regions and social levels, Northeast; duck in tucupi sauce, In a recent research carried out in without compromising its originality maniçoba, tacacáand other Amazon- São Paulo, 34% of those interviewed in comparison to the most other inspired dishes in the North Region; responded that their favorite dish cuisines of the Americas, as Mexican pequi rice; tutu with sausage, was rice with beans, and 76% and Peruvian. guariroba and mojica in the Midwest declared eating it frequently. Due to Brazil’s vast territorial are some examples. Overcoming regional and social extension and the differences But beyond the regional differences, rice and beans is the between regions, it can be said that differences, the daily dish eaten on diversity is one of the main aspects basis for the nourishment of almost all tables of the country is the Brazilians, since it is rich in nutrients, of Brazilian cuisine, which is duo rice with beans, accompanied expressed through typical regional adapted to the climate and soils of by a salad, some kind of meat and almost the entire country, of constant dishes. Paradoxically, however, manioc flour. That is so strong that supply and accessible prices. One can anotheraspect of this cuisine is its in Brazilian Portuguese feijão-com- homogeneity in the daily food arroz (beans with rice) is an state, then, that the Brazilian cuisine consumption, with small regional expression that also means common is perfectly representative of the variations, dominated by the duo or usual. It is a true element of country’s culture, thriving on diversity rice and beans, accompanied by national identity, which embraces while maintaining a common manioc flour, salad and meat. the people from North to South.The ground.

Recipe: Moqueca de Peixe (Fish moqueca) Ingredients: Preparation: • 1 onion, chopped Place the onion, chili pepper, • 2 hot chili peppers, seeded and tomatoes, garlic, coriander, salt and chopped lime juice in a blender or food processor and puree until quite • 2 tomatoes, chopped smooth. Place the fish in a shallow • 1 garlic clove, chopped dish and pour the puree mixture over • 1 tbsp coarsely chopped the top. Mix lightly, cover with cling coriander film and leave to marinate for 1 hour. Transfer the fish mixture together • Salt with the puree to a saucepan; add • 3 tbsp Lime Juice the water and half the oil. Bring to • 900 gr sole, flounder or plaice simmering point, stirring then cover fillets, cut into 5 cm pieces and simmer for 5-10 minutes until the fish is done. Add the remaining oil • 90 ml water and heat for 1 minute mixing well. • 60 ml dendé oil or olive oil Serve hot with rice.

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What you always wanted to ask to the Brazilian Ambassador, but never had the chance to do it!

JT.How Brazil switched to oil crisis resulted in gasoline minimal use in the country. ethanol mix fuel? shortages and awareness on the Complete transformation and dangers of oil dependence. The first use of sugarcane structural reforms needed to ethanol as fuel in Brazil dates JT.How Pakistan can switch to utilize the ethanol as fuel for back to the late twenties and ethanol blended Gasoline? vehicles. early thirties of the twentieth century, with the introduction of Pakistan has the good JT.Is it true that Brazilian the automobile in the country. potential of producing Ethanol sugarcane ethanol leads to After the end of the war II cheap blended fuel, as it is among the deforestation in the Amazon oil caused gasoline to prevail, and courtiers which exports Ethanol. Rainforest? ethanol blends were only used PSO (Pakistan State Oil) has Almost 90% of sugarcane sporadically, mostly to take launched E 10 in Pakistan as pilot advantage of sugar surpluses, project. Pakistani Distilleries are production for ethanol is until the seventies, when the first producing Ethanol but there is harvested in South-Central Brazil, 58 over 2,500 km (1,550 miles) from the Amazon. The remainder is grown in Northeastern Brazil, about the same distance from the Amazon’s easternmost fringe. There is very little production of sugarcane in the Amazon region (less than 0.2% of Brazil’s total production) that is processed at three mills, out of more than 400 industrial plants throughout Brazil. JT.Is it true that Brazil is being overrun by sugarcane plantations in detriment of food production and prices? How can country can earn the name as “World’s food Basket” with this phenomenon In 2008, sugarcane for ethanol production in Brazil occupied 4.8 Ethanol Production million hectares, or roughly 1.5 % of the country’s 330 million land dedicated to sugarcane for in recent years, food production hectares of arable farmland. The ethanol production, Brazil has in Brazil has grown dramatically. area cultivated for sugarcane and been able to replace half of its The 2008 harvest for grain and used for ethanol is less than one- gasoline needs with sugarcane oilseed reached 135 million metric fourth of Brazil’s corn acreage, ethanol, and still increasingly tons, approximately twice that of one-eighth of soybean fields, and generate additional volumes for ten years ago. Brazil is widely one-thirty fifth of the land used export. recognized for its diversified and highly efficient agricultural for cattle farming. In addition, while cane sector.It is the world’s leading production has increased steadily With only 1.5 % of its arable exporter of beef, coffee, orange juice, poultry, soybeans and sugar. JT.Sugarcane ethanol is a unique solution from which only Brazil can benefit? Over 100 countries grow sugarcane and most could produce and use ethanol, repeating Brazil’s successful experience. The potential for global expansion is impressive. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), only 10% of the world’s 200 million hectares (excluding forests and protected areas) available and suitable for sugarcane Sugarcane: raw-material for ethanol production are actually used. 59 Most sugarcane producing punished by the Brazilian Power sector: countries are emerging markets Government, as Environmental Alternate Energy sources in tropical regions that would Crimes is considered a severe (Biofuels-Ethanol) benefit tremendously from an felony in Brazil. Dam Construction opportunity for significant Irrigation systems, drip irrigation JT.What Brazil can offer to economic development. Agriculture Agro based industries Pakistan in term of trade? Live stocks and Dairy etc JT. Isn’t true that the Amazon is Iron and Steel Bio-technology being burnt in order to expand Sugar Pharmaceuticals and IT crops? Textile items JT.What Pakistan can export to The Amazon Forest is the Agricultural inputs (Seeds, Brazil? biggest Forest in the World, and fertilizers) covers half of Brazil. The Forest Cosmetics Textile Garments, Fabrics, is not being burnt for the Petrochemical products Home Textiles, Soccer Balls, Volley expansion of crops, as the Pepper and Pulp balls, Surgical and manicure Amazon region has a very difficult Diesel injection pumps instruments, leather garments, soil and climate to plant any crop. Bio fuels, martial Arts suits. The Brazilian food production has Electric Transformers 10.What are the prospective areas increased a lot, but not due to Machineries (boilers etc) of investment in Brazil? the expansion of farms, but JT. What Brazil can offer to Pakistan mainly due to an increase in IT, Pharmaceutical, Energy, in term of technology? productivity. There are eventually Agri-business, Mining, some criminal fires in the Helping sugar industry, better Engineering, Live Stock and dairy Amazon, which are severely sugar yield etc. development, Textile, Machinery.

Itaipu Dam: World largest hydroelectric project in the world in term of power generation with electricity generation of 94.68 terawatt-hours

60

Trade Outlook Brazil and Pakistan

uring the year 2011 Brazil economic policy. over one trillion US dollars. total trade with world has D Data from the Central Bank of Therefore, take a moment of your reached 482 billion US Brazil (Bacen) show that the flow time and access dollars, exports reached 256 billion of foreign direct investment has www.brasilglobalnet.gov.br and import remained at 226 billion been growing over the last years, register yourself and become a US dollars. Brazil is the largest having reached US$ 45 billion in member and a player of the biggest commercial partner of Pakistan in 2008. International companies database available in Brazil Latin America. Our balance of trade target several segments of the involving international trading is 257 million US dollars, and Brazilian economy, particularly companies, market studies and Pakistan’s export to Brazil increased tourism, oil and gas, biotechnology information’s on fairs, Brazilian almost by 80% from the year 2009 and electronic components. These companies and trade offers. This to 2011 i.e. from 44 million US sectors have the support of Apex- website is absolutely free of charge dollars to 80 million US dollars. Brasil, which promotes investment and managed by the Brazilian Major Brazilian Export to Pakistan opportunities to attract foreign Foreign Ministry. All Pakistani includes cotton, plastic, iron and productive capital into the country. companies will be welcome to steel etc. Major Brazilian imports Pakistani investments will be mostly participate in our trade directory. from Pakistan include textile items, welcomed!!! surgical items, Soccer balls, manicure instruments etc. But there The big distance between our two is plenty of room for improvement, countries has always been the since both countries share many biggest limitation for the similarities and economic improvement of the bilateral trade complementarities. relations. This fact is less important today with the multiple means of Also, Brazil has attracted a growing communication, such as the Brasil number of foreign investors, Global Net, and the facilities of motivated by great business flights to Brazil. Emirates operate opportunities in the several regions two daily non-stop flights to São of the country. Since 2008, Brazil Paulo (the economic center of earned the investment grade status, Brazil) & Rio de Janeiro, from Dubai. according to the evaluation of Qatar Airways operates daily non- rating agencies Standard & Poor’s, stop flight to São Paulo from Doha. Moody’s and Fitch. It is the best In fact, São Paulo is today the hub rating to receive foreign of South America. From there, you investments, which is issued only get direct flight to all major to countries that are likely to meet Brazilian and South American cities. their payment obligations. São Paulo is a city of 20 million According to analysts, this rating inhabitants. The city of São Paulo’s reflects the continuous GDP alone is 388 billion dollars. The development of the Brazilian GDP of the state of São Paulo is Central Bank of Brazil 64 Major Trading Partners of Brazil in 2011

Countries Billion US$ China 77 USA 60 Argentina 40 Germany 24 Japan 17 Netherlands 16 South Korea 15 Italy 12 Chile 10 France 10 Nigeria 10 India 9 Others 165 Total 465

65 Major Brazilian Exports to the World in 2011

Total export of Brazil to the world has reached up to 256 Billion US$ in the year 2011.

Billion US$ Ores and Mineral 44 Oil and Fuel 27 Soybean etc. 17 Sugar & Sugar Confectionary 15 Machinery, Boilers etc. 14 Vehicles Other than railways etc. 14 Meat & Edibles 14 Iron & Steel 12 Coffee, tea, Spices 8 Wastes of food industry animal fodder 6 Electric, Electronic Equipments 5 Others 80 Total 256

66 Major Brazilian Imports from the world in 2011

Total imports of Brazil have remained up to 226 Billion US$ in the year 2011.

Billion US$ Fuels , Oil and Lubricants 42 Machinery- Data processing units, turbines etc. 34 Electrical and Electronics Equipment 26 Motor Vehicles and parts 23 Organic Chemicals 9 Fertilizers 9 Plastics & Works 8 Pharmaceutical Products 6 Optical and Precision Equipment 6 Rubber and works 5 Iron, Steel and Construction 4 Miscellaneous chemical products 4 Others 46 Total 226

67 Bilateral Trade between Brazil and Pakistan

Brazil is the major trading partner of Pakistan among all other Latin American countries but still there is lot of room available in boosting the current trade volumes. The volume of trade remained around 257 Million US Dollars in 2011.

Pakistan’s Import from Brazil During the year 2011, Pakistan has imported 178 Million US Dollars of goods from Brazil.

Billion US$ Cotton 56 Iron and steel 23 Machinery, boilers, etc 21 Soya-bean oil & its fractions 16 Plastics & articles thereof 15 Mate and spices, 9 Tobacco 9 Paper & paperboard 8 Rubber and articles thereof 3 Others 18 Total 177

68 Pakistan’s Export to Brazil

Pakistan has exported 80 Million US$ of goods to Brazil in the year 2011.

Billion US$ Woven Fabrics of Cotton and other textiles items 23 Articles of apparel, accessories (Gloves , Hosiery etc) 13 Bed, table, toilet and kitchen linens 9 Soccer balls 9 Surgical Instruments 6 Manicure , Cutlery articles 3 Leather Garments and Other articles 3 Others 13 Total 80

69 Comparative Analysis of Trade Volume between Pakistan and South American Counties Brazil by far is the largest trading partner of Pakistan in South America. Trade Volume between Brazil and Pakistan is 42 % of Trade volume of whole South American Countries. Following presentation will provide you an overall view of Brazil’s share in overall trade with South American countries during the year 2011. In thousand USD

Pakistan- South America trade volume USD 611 million Pakistan- Brazil trade volume USD 257 million

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CONTACT US

Embassy of Brazil (Islamabad) Address: House No.01 Street 72, F-8/3, Islamabad. Tel : (051) 2287189-95, Fax : (051) 2287199 E-mail : [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Commercial Section Helena Lobato da Jornada Mr. Farooq Arshid Mr. Muhammad Yasin Mr. Yasir Ali Shah (Third Secretary) (Commercial Officer) (Commercial Officer) (Commercial Officer) Honorary Consulates Offices of Brazil in Pakistan LAHORE KARACHI PESHAWAR Mr. Ijaz Ahmed Chaudary Mr. Adil K Jaffer Mr. Amer Faruque 2nd Floor, Sunlight Building 113-A, Sindhi Muslim Housing Society, 1 st Floor, Betani Arcade, 5-Bank Square, The Mall-Lahore. Shahrah E Faisal, P.O.Box 7482, Karachi. Jamrud Road, Peshawar. Tel : (042) 7354591 & 735 8777, Tel : (021) 34553063 & 34556084, Tel : (091) 5842792 & 5841373 Fax : (042) 7235100 Fax : (021) 34550597 Fax : (091) 5840447 E-mail : [email protected] E-mail : [email protected] E-mail : [email protected] www.embassyofbrazil.com.pk