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An International Journal of Cosmogenic Isotope Research
Radiocarbon, Volume 42, Number 3 (2000) Item Type Journal; text Publisher Department of Geosciences, The University of Arizona Journal Radiocarbon Rights Copyright © by the Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of the University of Arizona. All rights reserved. Download date 09/10/2021 09:46:29 Item License http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ Version Final published version Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/655374 Radiocarbon An International Journal of Cosmogenic Isotope Research VOLUME 42 / NUMBER 3 / 2000 Guest Editor J VAN DER PLICHT Editor A J T JULL Associate Editors J WARREN BECK GEORGE S BURR Managing Editor KIMBERLEY TANNER ELLIOTT Department of Geosciences The University of Arizona 4717 East Fort Lowell Road Tucson, Arizona 85712-1201 USA ISSN: 0033-8222 RADIOCARBON An International Journal of Cosmogenic Isotope Research Editor: A J T JULL Associate Editors: J WARREN BECK and GEORGE S BURR Managing Editor: KIMBERLEY TANNER ELLIOTT Interns: JACKIE LIND and MARGARET BURNETT Published by Department of Geosciences The University of Arizona Published three times a year at The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85712-1201 USA. © 2000 by the Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of the University of Arizona. All rights reserved. Subscription rates (2001): $150.00 (for institutions), $80.00 (for individuals). Foreign postage is $10. All sub- scriptions now include free access to our online journal at http://www.catchword.com/titles/00338222.htm. A complete price list, including proceedings of international conferences, special publications, and back issues, appears on the inside back cover of this issue. Advertising rates are also listed at the back of this issue and on our website at http://www.radiocarbon.org/adrates.html. -
Louisiana Connection Switzerland
LOUISIANA CONNECTION SWITZERLAND RECENT NEWS In January 2015, Louisiana Gov. Bobby Jindal visited Switzerland as part of a European economic development effort. FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT Switzerland is a major investor in Louisiana, accounting for over $4.6 million in capital expenditures and over 16 jobs since 2003. In addition, in February 2015, Viking Cruises announced the selection of New Orleans as the homeport for Viking River Cruises’ first North American river cruise itineraries. Viking’s new service will result in the creation of 416 new direct jobs, with an average salary of $40,000, plus benefits. TRADE EXPORTS Louisiana exported $56.3 million worth of goods to Switzerland in 2016.Top Louisiana exports to Switzerland include Petroleum and Coal Products ($48.6 million), chemical products ($3 million), and CONTACT INFORMATION food manufacturers ($2.2 million). GEERT HOVENS Chief Representative Germany, Austria, Switzerland IMPORTS [email protected] Louisiana also imports heavily from Switzerland: nearly $310.3 T +31.478.50.81.65 million worth of goods in 2016, an increase of 709 percent since M +31.652.32.35.42 2012. Top imports from Switzerland include chemical products ($284.9 million); fabricated metal products ($9.3 million); and ALEXANDRA MORA machinery and mechanical appliances ($6.6 million). Honorary Consul of Switzerland [email protected] SWISS COMPANIES IN LOUISIANA T 504.566.0233 • ABB (Asea Brown Boveri) • Piaget • Boldomatic • Qumram • Capital Dynamics • Swiss Post • WISeKey • Compagnie Financiere • Swiss Post Solutions • Zuhlke Group Richemont • Transmedia • iConcerts • InSphero Communications • icapital.biz • Nespresso • United Bank Of Switzerland • Nestle (UBS) OPPORTUNITYLOUISIANA.COM LOUISIANA CONNECTION SWITZERLAND CASE STUDY In February 2015, Viking Cruises Chairman Torstein Hagen announced the selection of New Orleans as the homeport for Viking River Cruises’ first North American river cruise itineraries. -
S. Mentella) in the Irminger Sea and Adjacent Waters (ICES Areas V, XII, and XIV and NAFO Areas 1 and 2)
DEEPFISHMAN Case Study 4 – Part II Pelagic Beaked redfish (S. mentella) in the Irminger Sea and adjacent waters (ICES areas V, XII, and XIV and NAFO Areas 1 and 2) Socio-economic study Institute of Economic Studies University of Iceland November2010 1 1 Introduction Recent results have shown that the pelagic beaked redfish, Sebastes mentella, in the Irminger Sea forms two stocks: deep pelagic stock and shallow pelagic stock (Cadrin et al., 2009). The shallow pelagic component of the Irminger Sea is thought to be related to the „shallow pelagic‟ in the Norwegian Sea. The beaked redfish can therefore be considered as forming a complex stock structure, which is not yet completely understood in the North Atlantic. In the Irminger Sea, the shallow pelagic inhibits above 500 m while the deep pelagic is below 500 m and down to 1000 m but is most abundant between 600 and 900 m. Figure 1 shows the geographical distribution of the stock in the Irminger Sea. Figure 1 Geographical distribution of S. mentella in the Irminger Sea and adjacent waters. (from Sigurdsson et al. 2006). Source: DEEPFISHMAN. Case Study Report 4 – Part II (2010). Because of impracticality of managing and monitoring the two stocks by depth there have been geographical proxies set up to minimize mixed stock catches. The management unit boundaries can be seen in figure 2. The polygon bounded by the blue lines indicates the region for the deep pelagic management while the number 2 indicates the shallow management (Cadrin et al 2009, ICES 2009a). 2 Figure 2 Management unit boundaries for Sebastes mentella in the Irminger Sea and adjacent waters. -
The Blackout of Viking Sky in Hustadvika, Norway
Engineering Failure Analysis 125 (2021) 105355 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Engineering Failure Analysis journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/engfailanal Learning from failures in cruise ship industry: The blackout of Viking Sky in Hustadvika, Norway Michaela Ibrion a,*, Nicola Paltrinieri a, Amir R. Nejad b a Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim NO-7491, Norway b Department of Marine Technology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim NO-7491, Norway ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: This article brings to attention learning from the failure - blackout, loss of propulsion and near Engine failure grounding - of Viking Sky cruise ship which occurred in Hustadvika, Norway, in March 2019. Cruise ship Failures and accidents in the cruise ship industry attract the global media and can severely impact Blackout reputation and business performance of companies and authorities involved. A system approach Viking Sky investigation and analysis - CAST - was employed with the aim to maximize learning from the Hustadvika-Norway ’ Learning Viking Sky s failure through a systematic approach and to contribute to failure reduction in the Marine accidents and Digital Twin cruise ship industry. Three main recommendations emerged from this study: an overview of the accident or failure precursors and resilience indicators; safety recommendations for other cruise ships; lessons and strategies of actions for the increased cruise operations in the Arctic and Antarctic areas. It was found that several accident or failure precursors, for example, a low level of lubricating oil, the failure of a turbocharger, an inoperative large diesel generator, lack of functionality for safety equipment due to bad weather, and others precursors contributed to failure and highly critical situation encountered by Viking Sky in Hustadvika. -
Thermohaline Changes in the Irminger Sea
ICES 1999 ICES eM 1999IL:16 Theme Session L Nordic Seas Exchanges Thermohaline changes in the Irminger Sea by John Mortensen and Beainn Valdimarsson Marine Research Institute (MRI), Reykjavik 121 Reykjavik Skulagata4 Fax: +3545623790 e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] Abstract The Inninger Sea is part of the Subpolar Gyre in the northwestern North Atlantic and plays a central role in the large-scale thennohaline overturning of Atlantic Water which is believed to influence the long-tenn changes of the climate system. In this area thennohaline changes are observed at almost all depth levels in the nineties. The most pronounced change is connected to the Modified North Atlantic Water (MNAW) where an overall increase of temperature and salinity were observed during the nineties. Time series from the Icelandic continental slope reveal that the recent onset of increasing temperatures took place in the winter 199511996 and was accompanied by a more pronounced salinity increase in late summer 1997. A historical comparison with nearby sections occupied in the early eighties and late nineties reveals that changes in the distribution of water masses have taken place recently. The reason is likely to be connected to the densification of the Labrador Sea Water (LSW) since the late eighties. The change is seen as a downward movement of the LSW core now occupying in the Inninger Sea the depth range of 1500 to 2100 m instead of 500 to 1200 m in e.g. 1981. The changes are observed as a freshening and cooling of the LSW. Keywords: Inninger Sea, thermohaline changes, Labrador Sea Water and Modified North Atlantic Water. -
TPG and CPPIB Invest US$500 Million in Viking Cruises
TPG and CPPIB invest US$500 million in Viking Cruises Leading global cruise line partners with experienced investors to support expansion into new markets and continued innovation Los Angeles, Fort Worth, San Francisco USA, and Toronto, CANADA (September 12, 2016) – Viking Cruises today announced a combined minority investment of US$500 million by TPG Capital and Canada Pension Plan Investment Board (CPPIB) for a combined stake of 17% in MISA Investments Limited, the parent company of Viking Cruises. TPG Capital, the private equity platform of leading global alternative investment firm TPG, and CPPIB, a professional investment management organization that manages the funds of the Canada Pension Plan, will each invest US$250 million to support and accelerate Viking Cruises’ growth initiatives and strengthen the company’s balance sheet. Founded in 1997 by CEO Torstein Hagen, Viking Cruises is a leading provider of worldwide river and ocean cruises, operating more than 61 cruise vessels based in 44 countries. Serving travellers across North America, the U.K., Australia and, starting this year, China, Viking Cruises creates culturally immersive, destination-centric experiences for its customers. The company provides city-to-city itineraries that offer a wider range of cultural locales, with more destinations and time dedicated to shore excursions than traditional cruise lines. Viking Cruises consists of two businesses: Viking River Cruises, a European-based river cruise line that operates a fleet of 59 vessels, and Viking Ocean Cruises, an ocean cruise line launched in 2015 that currently operates two 930-passenger vessels. The company’s river cruise line has a differentiated track record of success, having won Travel + Leisure’s “World’s Best River Cruise Line” on 11 different occasions. -
Forcing of the Preferred Positions of the North Atlantic Eddy-Driven Jet: from Above and Below
manuscript submitted to Geophysical Research Letters 1 Forcing of the Preferred Positions of the North 2 Atlantic Eddy-driven Jet: from Above and Below 1,2 2 3 3 Rachel H. White , Casey Hilgenbrink , Aditi Sheshadri 1 4 Barcelona Supercomputing Center, 08034 Barcelona, Spain 2 5 University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 3 6 Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA 7 Key Points: 8 • Greenland orography creates the northern preferred latitude of the North Atlantic 9 jet latitude index by forcing Greenland tip jet events 10 • Forced meridional shifts in the North Atlantic jet typically manifest as changes 11 in the probability of preferred latitudes 12 • CMIP5 biases in simulating a northern preferred latitude are connected to clima- 13 tological jet position biases Corresponding author: Rachel H. White, [email protected] –1– manuscript submitted to Geophysical Research Letters 14 Abstract 15 The atmospheric eddy-driven jet over the North Atlantic exhibits three ‘preferred po- 16 sitions’, latitudes where the jet maximum occurs more frequently than others. Using a 17 state-of-the-art dynamical atmosphere model (WACCM), we explore the forcing of these 18 preferred positions by upper-atmosphere circulation and northern hemisphere mountain 19 ranges. The latitude of the northern preferred position shifts only when the latitudinal 20 position of Greenland is changed, and this preferred position disappears when Green- 21 land orography is flattened. We propose that Greenland tip jet events create the appear- 22 ance of an eddy-driven jet northern ‘preferred position’. In ERA-interim data, years with 23 a higher frequency of tip jet events show a higher frequency of the northern preferred 24 position. -
Can Katabatic Winds Directly Force Retreat of Greenland Outlet Glaciers? Hypothesis Test on Helheim Glacier in Sermilik Fjord
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-2020-194 Preprint. Discussion started: 3 August 2020 c Author(s) 2020. CC BY 4.0 License. Can katabatic winds directly force retreat of Greenland outlet glaciers? Hypothesis test on Helheim Glacier in Sermilik Fjord. Iain Wheel1, 2, Poul Christoffersen1, Sebastian H. Mernild3, 4, 5, 6 5 1Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK 2Department of Geography and Sustainable Development, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK 3Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center, Bergen, Norway 4Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen, Norway 5Faculty of Engineering and Science, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Sogndal, Norway 10 6Antarctic and Sub-Antarctic Program, University de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile Correspondence to: Iain Wheel ([email protected]) Abstract. Katabatic winds drive sea ice export from glaciated fjords across Greenland and other high latitude environments, but few studies have investigated the extent to which they also drive inflow of warm water and whether they have a direct impact on glaciers stability. Using ERA5 reanalysis data, verified by two local weather stations, we create a timeseries of 15 katabatic winds across Sermilik Fjord in southeast Greenland. Using this along with hydrographic data, from 2009-2013, positioned across the fjord, we analyse changes in fjord circulation during individual katabatic flows. Changes in melange presence are analysed too, via the use of MODIS and Landsat-7 satellite imagery. We show that warm water influxes are associated with katabatic winds, and that the potential submarine melt rates vary up to four-fold, dependant on katabatic wind strength. Rapid retreat of Helheim Glacier occurred during strong downslope wind events which removed the ice melange, 20 and so the well documented retreat of Helheim between 2001-2005 is predicted to be in part because of strong katabatic winds. -
The Subpolar Gyre Regulates Silicate Concentrations in the North Atlantic Received: 31 May 2017 H
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN The subpolar gyre regulates silicate concentrations in the North Atlantic Received: 31 May 2017 H. Hátún1, K. Azetsu-Scott3, R. Somavilla4, F. Rey5, C. Johnson 6, M. Mathis7, Accepted: 17 October 2017 U. Mikolajewicz7, P. Coupel8, J.-É. Tremblay8, S. Hartman9, S. V. Pacariz1,10, I. Salter1,11 & Published: xx xx xxxx J. Ólafsson2 The North Atlantic is characterized by diatom-dominated spring blooms that results in signifcant transfer of carbon to higher trophic levels and the deep ocean. These blooms are terminated by limiting silicate concentrations in summer. Numerous regional studies have demonstrated phytoplankton community shifts to lightly-silicifed diatoms and non-silicifying plankton at the onset of silicate limitation. However, to understand basin-scale patterns in ecosystem and climate dynamics, nutrient inventories must be examined over sufcient temporal and spatial scales. Here we show, from a new comprehensive compilation of data from the subpolar Atlantic Ocean, clear evidence of a marked pre-bloom silicate decline of 1.5–2 µM throughout the winter mixed layer during the last 25 years. This silicate decrease is primarily attributed to natural multi-decadal variability through decreased winter convection depths since the mid-1990s, a weakening and retraction of the subpolar gyre and an associated increased infuence of nutrient-poor water of subtropical origin. Reduced Arctic silicate import and the projected hemispheric-scale climate change-induced weakening of vertical mixing may have acted to amplify the recent decline. These marked fuctuations in pre-bloom silicate inventories will likely have important consequences for the spatial and temporal extent of diatom blooms, thus impacting ecosystem productivity and ocean-atmosphere climate dynamics. -
Subannual and Seasonal Variability of Atlantic-Origin Waters in Two Adjacent West Greenland Fjords
Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans RESEARCH ARTICLE Subannual and Seasonal Variability of Atlantic-Origin 10.1029/2018JC014278 Waters in Two Adjacent West Greenland Fjords Key Points: D. Carroll1 , D. A. Sutherland2 , B. Curry3, J. D. Nash4 , E. L. Shroyer4 , G. A. Catania5,6 , • We analyze a 2-year hydrographic 7 8 3 9,10 record from a suite of moorings in L. A. Stearns , J. P. Grist , C. M. Lee , and L. de Steur Davis Strait and two adjacent west 1 2 Greenland fjords Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA, Department of Earth Sciences, University 3 4 • Hydrography above the sill exhibits of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA, Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA, College of Earth, clear seasonality; subannual warming Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA, 5Department of Geological Sciences, of basin waters coincides with the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA, 6Institute for Geophysics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA, arrival of dense Atlantic-origin waters 7 8 at the mouth Department of Geology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA, National Oceanography Centre, University of 9 10 • We use Seaglider observations and Southampton Waterfront Campus, Southampton, UK, Norwegian Polar Institute, Tromsø, Norway, Royal Netherlands reanalysis of sea ice and winds to Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ), Den Burg, Netherlands explore the role of local and remote forcing in driving fjord renewal Abstract Greenland fjords provide a pathway for the inflow of warm shelf waters to glacier termini and Supporting Information: outflow of glacially modified waters to the coastal ocean. -
Ship Carrier Rivers
SHIP CARRIER RIVERS Country Place of Carrier’s Ship Name Carrier Carrier’s Address of Registry Incorporation Viking Aegir Switzerland Viking River Cruises AG Switzerland Schaferweg 18, Basel CH -4057, Switzerland Viking Akun Russia OOO “Passenger Fleet” Russia 29, bld. 2, Oktyabrskaya embankment, 193149, LLC Saint Petersburg, Russia Viking Alruna Switzerland Viking River Cruises AG Switzerland Schaferweg 18, Basel CH -4057, Switzerland Viking Alsvin Switzerland Viking River Cruises AG Switzerland Schaferweg 18, Basel CH -4057, Switzerland Viking Astrild Switzerland Viking River Cruises AG Switzerland Schaferweg 18, Basel CH -4057, Switzerland Viking Atla Switzerland Viking River Cruises AG Switzerland Schaferweg 18, Basel CH -4057, Switzerland Viking Baldur Switzerland Viking River Cruises AG Switzerland Schaferweg 18, Basel CH -4057, Switzerland Viking Bestla Switzerland Viking River Cruises AG Switzerland Schaferweg 18, Basel CH -4057, Switzerland Viking Beyla Switzerland Viking River Cruises AG Switzerland Schaferweg 18, Basel CH -4057, Switzerland Viking Bragi Switzerland Viking River Cruises AG Switzerland Schaferweg 18, Basel CH -4057, Switzerland Viking Buri Switzerland Viking Cruises S.A. France 27 rue Abbatucci, 68330 Huningue, France Viking Delling Switzerland Viking Cruises S.A. France 27 rue Abbatucci, 68330 Huningue, France Viking Egil Switzerland Viking River Cruises AG Switzerland Schaferweg 18, Basel CH -4057, Switzerland Viking Einar Switzerland Viking River Cruises AG Switzerland Schaferweg 18, Basel CH -4057, Switzerland Viking Eir Switzerland Viking River Cruises AG Switzerland Schaferweg 18, Basel CH -4057, Switzerland Viking Eistla Switzerland Viking River Cruises AG Switzerland Schaferweg 18, Basel CH -4057, Switzerland Viking Embla Switzerland Viking River Cruises AG Switzerland Schaferweg 18, Basel CH -4057, Switzerland Viking Forseti Switzerland Viking Cruises S.A. -
Viking River Cruises
Company Overview Company Establishment and Rapid Expansion In 1997, Viking River Cruises was founded by Chairman Torstein Hagen. Built on the Viking tradition of exploration and discovery, the company leveraged this heritage to provide customers with a way to “explore in comfort” along the world’s great waterways. The company’s Board of Directors includes prominent investors and financial leaders with significant credentials in cruising and shipping, and is led by Chairman Hagen, a native of Norway. The company began with the purchase of four ships and river cruise operations in Russia. The following year, the company acquired additional ships and continued to cater to European passengers. In 2000, the company purchased Europe’s KD River Cruises in order to grow its fleet, to leverage KD’s 40 years of river cruising experience, and to acquire rights to prime docking locations in key European cities. Under the Viking River Cruises brand, in 2000 the company expanded into the American market, establishing U.S. headquarters in Los Angeles, California. Through rapid expansion, the company has grown to be the world’s leading river cruise line, with 30-35% growth in recent years. The company holds the largest market share and operates the largest fleet along the rivers, with 35 modern, deluxe vessels including the innovative Viking Longships.TM Today, the river cruise product line is a significant part of Viking Cruises, a global corporation headquartered in the United States with operational headquarters in Basel, Switzerland. The company offers river cruises in Europe, Russia and Ukraine, Asia, and Egypt, and ocean cruises in Scandinavia and the Baltic, and the Mediterranean.