March 20, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

years, Holmes says he routinely put his On Sept. 17, 1986, Wilfred Benitez, a fi­ health on the line. nancially troubled former WBC welter­ DANGERS AND EXCESSES IN "I fought Michael Spinks with a slipped weight champion, appeared in Baltimore for PROFESSIONAL BOXING disc in my neck," he says. "I fought Kenny a 10-round fight. Benitez won the fight but Norton with my left biceps pulled off my was suspended indefinitely when a medical HON. BILL RICHARDSON arm. I fought Muhammand Ali with eight examination after the fight found evidence OF NEW MEXICO stitches in my eye. I fought Leroy Jones of chornic traumatic encephalopathy-or with a twisted ankle. Man, I've fought with punchdrunk syndrome. "Benitez had looked IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES fevers, stomachaches, everything. But, you terrible in the fight," recalls Lawrence Monday, March 20, 1989 know, you've got to do it. The opportunity Charnas, neurologist for the Maryland to pick yourself up a few million dollars Mr. RICHARDSON. Mr. Speaker, I would State Athletic Commission. "He'd throw a doesn't come often. It's like a once-in-a-life­ punch and miss, and he actually lost his bal­ like to draw to the attention of the Members time dream." ance in the ropes. In the postfight exam, he of the House the summary of a series of Holmes always was considered one of the clearly demonstrated motor impairment." Washington Post articles on the dangers and more sensible boxing champions. A seventh­ How did Benitez get licensed in Maryland excesses of professional boxing. As an avid grade dropout, he managed to save most of to begin with? Until July 1987, the state boxing fan and as a proponent of boxing the $16 million he earned in the ring. But commission did not require boxers to under­ reform, I encourage all House Members to when it comes to his health, Holmes ac­ go prefight neurological exams. "Benitez read Bill Brubaker's articles. Moreover, I urge knowledges, "I really didn't care about the never appealed his suspension," Charnas dangers that were involved. You know, says, "and I don't believe he fought again." you to keep their message in mind when the that's how fighters are." issue of boxing reform and regulation again Wrong. Ten weeks later, Benitez appeared Boxing is as safe as it ever has been. Pre­ in a fight in Argentina, where he lost on a comes before us. fight medical exams have become more seventh-round technical knockout. The image of boxing has ridden a roller rigid. The maximum number of rounds for On Dec. 12, 1987, Cuba's undefeated coaster, esteemed in one generation and world-title fights has been reduced from 15 super-heavyweight, Leonardo Martinez Fizz, questioned in another. At the present, as Mr. to 12. The World Boxing Council dislocated his right shoulder during the first Brubaker, points out, the sport is again "on has teamed up with the University of Cali­ round of an amateur fight in Santa Clara, the ropes." fornia at Los Angeles to study ring injuries. Cuba, against Tevin George of the United Johns Hopkins University is in the midst of Despite the romanticism of two gladiators States. With his right arm hurting, Marti­ a four-year study on health risks to amateur nez used his left hand in the second round matching brain and brawn to see who is the fighters. better man, the public is casting a suspicious and battered George so badly the fight had But, as Larry Holmes will attest, boxing to be stopped. For all his heroics, Martinez eye toward the sport. Boxers are dying at remains a brutal activity, often undertaken Fizz had to spend two weeks in a rehabilita­ alarming rates, if not being mentally or phys­ by men more concerned with escaping pov­ tive hospital in Havana. ically maimed for life. There are too many erty than injury and overseen by state and Why was Martinez Fizz allowed to contin­ groups sanctioning bouts, leading-as Mr. foreign-government commissions that do ue the fight with a dislocated shoulder? Brubaker said-to disorganization in efforts to not share the same rules or medical stand­ "There wasn't efficient communication be­ ards. adopt a consistent standard of discipline for Jose Sulaiman, president of the WBC, tween the athlete and the trainer," says boxers and promoters. which sanctions world-title fights, has long Cuba's top sports medicine specialist, Dr Ar­ Boxing is among our country's oldest mando Pancorbo. "He should not have con­ been one of the sport's staunchest support­ tinued to fight because he risked having se­ sports, and one with a proud history. But that ers. But Sulaiman acknowledges: "If we do rious problems with his shoulder for his history is, unfortunately, a checkered one. Like not give a priority to safety, boxing could die in 25 years. There are not too many soci­ entire life." most fans of the sport, I would like to see The Cuban team doctor, Oscar Ramirez, boxing once again held in the high esteem it eties that will be ready to accept legalized assassination.'' says Martinez Fizz did not complain of an deserves-something I think is possible with By some accounts, more than 500 boxers injury between rounds. "This is characteris­ appropriate legislation. have died of ring-related injuries over the tic of boxers," he says. "You go to a corner [From the Washington Post National last 80 years. The American Medical Asso­ to see a boxer who has an injury, and he Weekly Edition, Mar. 6-12, 1989) ciation and British Medical Association have says, 'Doctor, I can continue. I have noth­ called for an outright ban on boxing. But ing. Give me a chance.' " PROFITS VS. INJURY-DOES THE HUMAN TOLL On Oct. 31, 1986, the New Jersey State OF BOXING OUTWEIGH ITS MERITS AS A there is a prevailing view that if boxing were banned, the show would go on-in Athletic Control Board suspended Brian SPORT? Baronet, a junior welter-weight from South (By Bill Brubaker> barns, warehouses and back alleys, with no medical supervision. Accepting that, some Africa, after a knockout in Atlantic City. When Larry Holmes, the former world doctors say it is better to join the boxing es­ Baronet was told he would remain on sus­ heavyweight boxing champion, wants to get tablishment than to fight it. pension until he had a complete medical dressed, he must ask his wife, Diane, for "We say to doctors in both the AMA and exam, including a brain scan. Baronet went help. "The thumb on my right hand can no BMA: Instead of continuing your negative home to South Africa, apparently to retire. longer bend," Holmes explains. "Without criticism, come up with positive thoughts. But last year he attempted a comeback, and my thumb, I can't put on my tie or fasten Let's sit down and try to make the sport on June 17 he died of a brain injury after the top button of my shirt. The thumb is safe," says Adrian Whiteson, a London phy­ being knocked out in a fight in Durban, just froze, you know? Guess it'll be like that sician who is cochairman of the WBC medi­ South Africa. forever." cal committee. "Because kids are always Why had the local South African boxing Holmes says his thumb won't bend be­ going to box. Put two infants in a playpen, commission allowed Baronet to fight while cause he defended too many titles with a put one toy between them, and before long under suspension in New Jersey? The com­ broken right hand. "I fought Mike Tyson they're going to be scratching each other mission had not been notified of the New with a broke right hand," he says. "I fought and throwing punches. It's natural. We're Jersey suspension. "At the time we weren't 'Bonecrusher' Smith with a broke hand. I aggressive people. I wish we weren't. exchanging information and results with fought David Bey with a broke hand. Man, But aggressiveness is not the overriding overseas commissions," New Jersey boxing I've had so many problems with this thumb, problem in boxing: It's the determination of commission chairman Larry Hazzard says. I've asked the doctors to cut it off. But they many fighters to compete when they are "Now we are. But getting information from won't." medically impaired and the inability of overseas is still a problem. Sometimes there If Holmes had only risked injury to his some trainers, managers, promoters and reg­ are inaccuracies in the records." right hand, his story wouldn't be so trou­ ulating organizations to stop them. Some Medical standards in boxing are as dispar­ bling. But during a career that lasted 15 snapshots: ate as the hundreds of commissions-from

e This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor. 4992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 20, 1989 Paraguay to Pennsylvania-that govern the New York commission chairman Randy out of that area and bring them into one sport. Some commissions, such as those in Gordon was not surprised last summer that will give them the opportunity to live a New York, require a boxer to have an when junior lightweight Harold . The WBC also urged managers make the big money I'm going to do a lot of organization's policy, which allows a boxer to "report immediately to their boxing com­ things for you,' " Wright says. On May 2, to compete after retina surgery if he is missions and doctors every accident that 1987, Jones prepared to make his debut as a cleared by two ophthalmologists. "A boxer may have occurred during training." But fill-in at a boxing show at Prince George's with a detached retina shouldn't go into the neither the recommendation nor prefight Community College in Maryland. He would ring, whether they're Sugar Ray Leonard or exam stopped lightweight champion Julio receive $350 to fight Charles Ingram of anyone else," Whiteson says. "Your eyes, Cesar Chavez from fighting fellow Mexican Washington, D.C., who was appearing in his you need them. At the end of the day, I Jose Luis Ramirez in Las Vegas last October second professional bout. "James was very hope Sugar Ray Leonard gets away with it." with injured ribs. excited," Wright says. "But he told his Sulaiman has formed a committee to On Sept. 10, Chavez was treated in the family, 'I don't want any of you to go to the study whether the rule should again be re­ emergency room of St. Joseph Riverside fight. You'll all worry too much.'" versed. "I favor stopping boxers with a de­ Hopsital in Warren, Ohio, for what his pro­ At 9 that evening, Jones stepped into the tached retina," he says. "But the way it is moter, Don King, describes as a hairline rib ring for a scheduled six-rounder. The fight­ now, some doctors say yes, some doctors say fracture. Chavez says that when he resumed ers seemed evenly matched and Ingram was no. There is no consensus." training 10 days later he wore a protective awarded the first three rounds. Twenty­ There is a consensus on minimum stand­ ards for prefight examinations, although jacket and received injections to prevent in­ three seconds into the fourth round, Ingram these guidelines are not always followed. In flammation. According to the Nevada State hit Jones on his chin with an overhand May 1987, for example, a Baltimore middle­ Athletic Commission, Chavez did not dis­ right. Jones fell straight back, hit his head weight, James little tea table and handed me an envelope," Gordon says of his fellow state commission­ Ford says. "They said, This is a gift for your ers. "As an announcer I would go around [to At the World Boxing Council convention family.' I opened it and there was a stack of in Mexico City last fall, Muhammad Ali sat various states] and ask them what their $100 bills. I gave the envelope back and said, rules are. I'd ask, 'What's your scoring at the head table one morning in a back pin­ 'Thank you very much but no thank you.' " system?' And they'd say, 'Ah, 10 point. Ah, striped suit, his eyes closed, his face without A well-known referee who lives in South­ expression. When Jose Sulaiman, the WBC no, five point. Ah, let me check on that.' I'd east Asia says he has been offered about 40 say, 'Do you have a three-knockdown rule,' president, introduced him as "the most ac­ bribes over the last 20 years. "I've been of­ knowledged man on earth," the convention They'd say, 'Oh, yes. Ah, wait a minute-no, fered money, jewelry and prostitutes," the no, no, no, we don't.' delegates applauded. But Ali did not open referee says. "A manager once offered me his eyes. "About two years ago, I asked the chair­ $100,000 to disqualify his fighter's oppo­ man of one commission what his head-butt Ali was warned as early as 1976 that he nent. I've accepted only one bribe: a $12,000 should retire. By then, he already had taken rule was. His reply to me was, 'Well, what string of Mikimoto pearls from a Japanese do you want it to be?' I said, 'What do you tremendous beatings to his head. Ali an­ promoter." nounced his retirement in 1979 but came mean?' He said, 'Anything you want.' I said, The referee says the bribe-accepted 'You don't have a head-butt rule?' He said, back in 1980 for a fight against Larry within the last five years-did not affect his Holmes. Two years later, he was diagnosed 'It's whatever we decide on that night.' " judgment in the ring. "The Japanese fighter Then there is the matter of mismatches­ as having Parkinson's syndrome, a condition lost, and the promoter never invited me that was said to be caused by boxing inju­ figh ts made to insure victory for a particu­ back," he says, adding nervously, "If these lar boxer. Peyton Sher, a matchmaker for ries. managers and promoters knew I was talking promoter Don King, estimates that 40 per­ During a break for lunch at the WBC con­ about this, I'd be dead-literally. Boxing is a vention, some delegates expressed sorrow cent to 50 percent of bouts staged in the very serious business." United States are mismatches. Bob Arum, a over Ali's condition, which can be regulated It has been called "The Sweet Science," in part by medication. "Nothing could be and to many boxing fans there is nothing prominent promoter and former assistant more sad than what I saw today," said Jack sweeter than the sight of two glistening U.S. attorney, says there are several hun­ Rennie, an Australian manager /promoter. gladiators exchanging bloody blows in a dred opponents who can be expected to lose "Ali is now very much a sad personality darkened arena, such as the sports pavilion on any given night. "You have a whole and a shadow of his former self," said Dr. of the Las Vegas Hilton, where Mike Tyson group of people out there that can't win Adrian Whiteson, cochairman of the WBC defended his heavyweight title on Feb. 25 even if they tried," he says. "You feed them medical committee. "Toward the end of his against Frank Bruno. to your fighters to build up their records.'' career he took probably more punches than But the image of boxing-battered during Some commissions are on the lookout for I would have wanted him to take. I think we the 1950s by disclosures of organized crime mismatches. Since he became chairman of have to learn from this." ties but revitalized during the '60s and '70s the New York commission last August, Before leaving Mexico City, Ali invited a by the presence of one Muhammad Ali-is Gordon has refused to approve three dozen reporter up to his suite for an interview. Re­ again on the ropes. If it isn't Mike Tyson proposed fights at Madison Square Garden's clining on his bed, the former heavyweight suing his manager, it's former middleweight Felt Forum alone. "I call the Felt Forum champion answered questions in a low, halt­ champion Carlos Monzon being charged fights 'the Christians versus the lions,' " ing voice. with murder, or a South Korean Olympic Gordon says. "The Garden has all the lions. Q. What changes would you like to see official attacking a referee, or a Baltimore And the Christians get brought in by the made in boxing? boxer sustaining brain damage in his profes­ Garden to get chewed up by the lions." A. They should [pause] stop [pause] the sional debut, or a Florida promoter being in­ In 1987, New Jersey athletic commission fights [pause] sooner. dicted for using a title fight to launder drug chairman Larry Hazzard permanently sus­ Ali's memory seemed fine. He was able to money. pended 35 fighters who he deemed unfit to recall the precise address where he lived There appears to be little real regulation box. "Lately, I've discovered that several of during the 1960s in northwest Miami. But of boxing, despite the existence of four com­ these boxers have been allowed to perform he clearly was embarrassed that he could peting organizations to sanction champion­ in other states," Hazzard says. "This is the not put his thoughts into words. ship fights: the World Boxing Council way your tragedies occur.'' After five minutes, Ali slowly raised his and sion-an idea that has been making the that was being used for the interview, indi­ World Boxing Organization . rounds in Congress for more than a cating he wanted it turned off. Ali sighed, The world organizations exist primarily to decade-remains divided. Arum favors feder­ and looked dejectedly into his visitor's eyes. promote boxing, issue ratings and supervise al regulation. King opposes it. For now, that "I don't take [pause] my medication like I championship fights. To finance their oper­ leaves the WBC, WBA, WBO and IBF­ should. I don't [pause] feel [pause] no pain. ations, they collect certification fees from nicknamed "alphabet soup" by boxing writ­ But I have a slight [pause] tremor in my boxers and promoters. From August 1983 ers-to rule the sport. hand. And slurred [pause] speech." through July 1988, for example, the WBA Jose Sulaiman, the WBC president, calls Ali looked away, and there was a moment reported total revenues of $2,667,301, none boxing "the land of promise" and "altar of of silence. Then, in that barely audible of which was taxable because the WBA is registered with the Internal records reviewed by The Washington Post, greatest of them all, turned to his visitor Revenue Service as a nonprofit, tax-exempt the WBC and its longtime rival, the WBA, and said, "I'm sorry." organization. spend a considerable portion of their income How does the WBA spend its money? "We on dinners and conventions. [From the Washington Post National don't want to publicize that," WBA legal In January, the WBA held its annual Weekly Edition, Mar. 6-12, 1989] counsel Jimmy Binns says. awards dinner in New York's Waldorf-As­ Whatever portion of their treasuries is de­ toria Hotel. Cocktails were served in the IN BoxING, IT's OFTEN MORE FuN To voted to policing the behavior of boxers, Palm Room, dinner in the Starlight Roof. RECEIVE THAN To GIVE trainers, promoters and referees, the world Binns says the blacktie affair was "good for and local commissions are limited in their the promoters" and "good for us." But it During a trip to South Korea to judge a ability to enforce a uniform code of stand­ was costly. "It can cost upwards of $75,000 World Boxing Council championship fight, ards. They are hampered by their current by the time you fly in people," Binns says. Duane Ford says he received an unusual state of disorganization and, in many cases, The WBC doesn't exactly operate on the greeting from a promoter who managed one by limited resources. cheap. Of the $2.8 million it collected in cer- 4994 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 20, 1989 tification fees from 1984 thorugh last Sep­ pervisor at WBC title fights. "They will give Dance Theatre of the Harlem Advisory and tember, it spent $885,527 on travel, conven­ you a present of an expensive camera . . . or Guild and the founding member of the tions and seminars (the 1989 get-together is maybe $300 or $400 or $500. It's basic hospi­ Museum of African American Art. scheduled for Paris), $335,864 on press and tality. It's not offered as a bribe." public relations (the public relations chief Asked if he would favor a WBC rule ban­ Didi, like Brock, was a person who achieved lives on the Australian island of Tasmania), ning the acceptance of such gifts, Quill said: success but also felt a responsibility to give $295,488 on telephone and telex charges, "Well, I feel a little bit uncomfortable fi­ something back to the community. She was $232,452 on legal and professional fees and nancially [with such a rule] because it costs the national funding director of the NAACP $71,781 on the trophies and bejeweled belts me." Later he said: "I wouldn't be angry if where she developed the national "Bank of it awards its champions. such a rule was introduced." · Stars," a concert tour production in major Sulaiman, like his rivals, routinely attends In a recent interview, Sulaiman said he cities which showcased stars of music, poetry, opposes the acceptance of bribes by ring of­ title fights at the expense of promoters. He and literature. estimates he has visited more than 100 ficials but doubts that such a practice WBC member countries, and mementos exists. "I happen to place a big question Didi was a doer. She reached out to people. from his travels are displayed throughout mark on people who say something like She was active in the community. Her dedica­ his six-bedroom house. Sulaiman says he that," he said. A few minutes later, Sulai­ tion and faith toward helping others reminds has not accepted any compensation from man said, on second thought, he would not me of a passage from Basil King, a noted the WBC. But, yes, he has accepted gifts be surprised by anything that occurred in minister and novelist: from others. "I have been given gifts," he the sport of boxing. Faith covers all the ground of Trust, but says, "but this is the custom." "I myself have been offered significant bribes in my life-offered in exchange of im­ it covers more. It is not content to rest in Gift-giving is a custom in boxing- one confidence. To do, to aspire, to scale heights that has Sulaiman's approval. "When Jesus portant favors,'' he said. "I have heard of many things in boxing that are not within are the motives of its being. It begins its Christ was born, everybody brought pre­ mission where that of Trust leaves off. sents to Jesus Christ," he says. "When the the principles of impartiality. Boxing is a very controversial sport. It's the most disor­ Trust is satisfied. Faith is moved by divine Pope visits anywhere, somebody has to discontent. It seems; it asks; it strives . . . come and give him a present. See, that's the ganized sport in the world and the most dif­ ficult to administer. It's a sport where To exist at all Faith must prove its force by philosophy of the custom that some people doing. in the United States do not understand. It there's a lot of money involved. This is the does not mean that because we give presents problem with boxing." Although Didi has passed away, I will we expect something back." always have fond memories of her personal A Miami-based ring judge, Ric Bays, re­ TRIBUTE TO DIDI BROCK dedication toward helping minorities succeed calls that in the days preceeding his first in the entertainment business * * * I will re­ IBF title fight in 1985 a Japanese promoter/ member her dynamic and charming personali­ manager gave him an envelope containing HON. AUGUSTUS F. HAWKINS ty * * * But above all I will remember her tri­ $750. "At first, I thought it was my purse OF CALIFORNIA umphant spirit which reached out and helped for the fight," Bays says. "When [the pro­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES moter] said, 'No, it's just a gift,' I said, 'I'd so many. like to return it.' The Orientals get very Monday, March 20, 1989 upset if you refuse a gift. So I said, 'Okay. Mr. HAWKINS. Mr. Speaker, I would like to But I want you to understand that this will TRIBUTE TO CAPTAINS WILLIAM inform my colleagues about the passing of L. McGUIRE AND FRED P. not compromise my position.' " Bays says he Didi Brock, a remarkable woman who was not gave every round to the opponent of the FAUSTINO, OF THE LIBERTY Japanese fighter. only a success in her business career, but TOWNSHIP POLICE DE­ A referee based in Southeast Asia estimat­ worked tirelessly to improve the status of PARTMENT ed that 30 percent of judges, referees and others who were less fortunate. fight supervisors accept bribes or "excessive Didi Brock was the wife of my good friend, gifts" during assignments in the Far East. Brock Peters, a world-renowned actor and HON. JAMES A. TRAFICANT, JR. The issue was raised in amateur boxing producer, who together with Didi shared their OF OHIO during the 1988 Seoul Olympics after mid­ talents to help others. succeed in the enter­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES dleweight Roy Jones lost a controversial de­ tainment business. As the saying goes, "a cision to South Korea's Park Si Hun. The friend in need, is a friend indeed."* * * and Monday, March 20, 1989 International Amateur Boxing Association suspended the three judges who Brock and Didi exemplify the top class of gen­ Mr. TRAFICANT. Mr. Speaker, I rise today voted against Jones and will consider disci­ uine individuals who you could always count to pay tribute to two outstanding police offi­ plinary action against more ring officials at on in good times and bad. All of us who know cers from my 17th Congressional District of a meeting next month in Nairobi, Kenya. Brock share in the loss of his beautiful wife of Ohio, Captains William L. McGuire and Fred "One concern is that officials may have many years. Faustino, both 27-year veterans of the Liberty been entertained in costly restaurants,'' Didi Peters was-without question-"a Township police department, on the occasion AIBA President Anwar Chowdhry says. woman of substance." Didi was one of the of their retirement from the force. Among officials who work professional first black female television producers. She Captain Faustino joined the department fights, Ford, the WBC's international secre­ tary, says: "There may be some bad apples produced "Jazz Party," the first regular televi­ when it was first formed in 1961. He served out there: maybe one out of four. Ford re­ sion series on jazz, which earned her an as a radio dispatcher until 1963 when he was calls a conversation he had with a ring offi­ Emmy Award nomination. promoted to patrolman. In 1971 he was pro­ cial before a world title fight in Thailand: As assistant director for the United Artists moted to captain, and he retired this year as "He unloaded everything he knew. He told Records, she became one of the first female commander of the detective bureau. me about some officials [accepting gifts], executives in the record industry * * * forging Captain Faustino is especially known for his and he told me what the going rate was. At the path for many other women and minorities skills as a photographer. He served as depart­ one time the referee got $10,000 and the who would follow her. ment photographer in Liberty, and as chief judges anywhere from $5,000 up. He said, 'I need to know if you're one of them right Brock and Didi were cofounders of Maga photographer for the Trumbull County homo­ now. I need to know if we're going into this Link which is an organization comprised of cide investigation unit. He also served as an fight straight.' " prominent media and business professionals instructor in the Ohio Peace Officer Training Ford says he has never accepted a bribe. to address concerns regarding minority media Council in weapons training and was firing Of his conversation with the official in images, employment, and the expansion of range officer for the Liberty department. Thailand, he adds, "That's the only time minority creative and production input. He received a Distinguished Service Citation I've ever talked about it. I've never, ever Didi Peters was also one of the founders of from the Crime Clinic of Greater Youngstown heard officials sitting around, having a beer the Media Forum, an organization which pro­ and a Meritorious Service Citation from the and bringing this up.'' Frank Quill, president of the Oriental and duced seminars, forums, and concerts to Liberty Fraternal Order of Police, Lodge 65. Pacific Boxing Federation, says some ring inform and educate the public about media He is a past president and current secretary­ officials accept gifts from promoters and image-making. The group won 1O Emmy treasurer of the crime clinic, and was a long­ managers. "Like I've got a nice camera that Awards for the television special "Voice of time treasurer and charter member of lodge was given t~ me as a gift," says Quill, a su- Our People." She was also the founder of the 65. March 20, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4995 Capt. "Mickey" McGuire also joined the de­ to receive daily treatment for months, some­ GREEK INDEPENDENCE DAY partment as a radio dispatcher in 1961. He times years. She writes: "When I commented CELEBRATION was promoted to patrolman in 1963, to ser­ to the physician-owner that it seemed unethi­ geant in 1965 and to captain in 1967. He cal to continue with treatment that was pro­ SPEECH OF served 1 year as chief of police in 1971, and ducing no positive results he said, 'Don't retired as patrol commander. worry about it. Just think of it as day care.' " HON. EDWARD R. ROYBAL McGuire served in the Navy during the A physician and professor of radiology in OF CALIFORNIA Korean war and studied at Youngstown State Winston-Salem, NC, writes that, until recently, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES University and Kent State University. He is a expensive and potentially dangerous cardiac Tuesday, March 14, 1989 charter member of the Liberty Fraternal Order catheterization procedures were performed Mr. ROYBAL. Mr. Speaker, I rise to pay trib­ of Police. He has also earned several in-serv­ only at the Wake Forest medical school. ice certificates, and a citation from the Depart­ ute to all Greek-Americans across the United Then, a second catheterization facility was States as March 25, 1989, marks the 168th ment of Justice, among others. opened at a referral-based hospital 1 mile Mr. Speaker, as a former sheriff, I have anniversary of the beginning of the revolution from the medical school. Cardiologists at this which freed the Greek people from the Otto­ seen the problems that a police officer must hospital began performing an additional 70 face in what is truly a difficult and often thank­ man Empire. cases per month, with no change to the 150 less job. These two officers have my utmost It is important to set aside a day to honor cases being performed each month at the respect for dedicating their lives to the protec­ Greek-Americans with a national day of cele­ medical school hospital. tion of the public. Please join me today in bration of Greek and American democracy. paying tribute to two excellent police officers. A hospital president in Corpus Christi, TX, For it was the Greek independence which re­ Let us extend to them our heartfelt thanks for told me that in his community of 270,000 sulted in the democratic foundation that future a job well done, and our best wishes for a people there are seven CT scanners and countries would adopt, and it is of this founda­ prosperous and peaceful retirement. three MRI units. A group of physicians recent­ tion that American democracy has flourished. ly met to form another imaging center which In assessing the significance of the Greek in­ would add an additional CT scanner and MRI dependence to American democratic ideals, unit. He writes: "It could succeed only if the James Madison and Alexander Hamilton physicians refer to themselves and collect for wrote: the service-plus the special return on their Among the confederacies of antiquity the investment." most considerable was that of the Grecian PHYSICIAN REFERRAL "HORROR republics. • • • From the best accounts STORIES" PILE UP A home care service administrator in Mont­ transmitted of this celebrated institution it gomery, AL, writes: bore a very instructive analogy to the Physician owned services in our area se­ present confederation of the American HON. FORTNEY PETE STARK verely limit our ability to compete. Often, states. OF CALIFORNIA patients are not given an opportunity to In turn, the United States has also contribut­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES choose a home care service. Physicians refer ed as a role model for Greek independence. Monday, March 20, 1989 their patients directly to their own company The American Revolution became one of the Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, I would like to and the patient accepts that referral never ideals of the Greeks as they fought for inde­ knowing that another service is avail­ report that, each day, I receive a large volume able . . .. Realistically, even if physicians pendence in the 1820's. Greek intellectuals of mail from physicians, practitioners, and pa­ follow the AMA guidelines and inform pa­ translated the Declaration of Independence of tients who care about quality health care and tients about their financial involvement in a the United States and use it as their own dec­ who declare their support for H.R. 929, the medical service to which they refer, the dis­ laration. As a Greek commander in chief once Ethics in Patient Referrals Act of 1989. The closure has little meaning. Human nature said in appealing to the citizens of the United evidence is clear that Americans are wasting dictates that we must trust our doctor. States: millions of dollars each year for unnecessary After all, if we are willing to trust a doctor Having formed the resolution to live or die tests and procedures; if this problem contin­ with our life, we have to believe that every­ for freedom, we are drawn toward you by ues to grow unchecked, that figure will soon thing that doctor does for us is necessary just sympathy since it is in your land that reach the billions. In other cases, the best and and of the highest quality available. People liberty has fixed her abode, and by you that most convenient care is being denied. We may ask their doctors questions, but they she is prized as by our fathers. Hence, hon­ seldom question their doctors. oring her name, we invoke yours at the need to act now. same time, trusting t hat in imitating you, I would like to share some excerpts from Finally, a radiologist in Tucson, AZ, writes: we shall imitate our ancestors and by the letters that I have received. I think you'll I am a radiologist and the general partner thought worthy of them if we succeed in re­ agree that this problem demands our atten­ of a limited partnership which owns a CT sembling you • • • it is for you, citizens of tion. Scanner. I feel that this bill is the best America, to crown this glory. A physician in Lake Worth, FL, writes: thing for both medicine and our patients. I Mr. Speaker, it is because of this common At a joint-ventured MRI facility to the would hope that it will be presented in that bond of democratic ideals, that I ask my north of me, a patient missed an appoint­ positive light. The vast majority of physi­ fellow colleagues to join me in saluting the ment for an MRI of the spine. An employee cians are good people who truly want the best for their patients. The passage of this Greek nation as they celebrate their independ­ at the facility mentioned to the patient that ence and recognize the many contributions of he could have the MRI done at our facility bill would save some from being led into the following day. The MRI joint venture temptation which might be too great for the Greek-American community to our Na­ facility's next appointment was in the their better judgment. tion's advancement. middle of January and would therefore have to wait another 3 weeks. The These stories are just a sample of the let­ following day, the patient showed up at our ters I've received so far; they will no doubt REPEAL OF SECTION 89 facility to have his MRI done, and when continue to pile up as we proceed with H.R. checking with the patient's referring physi­ 939. In fact, I am inviting physicians, practi­ HON. CLAUDINE SCHNEIDER cian who happens to be an investor in the tioners, and patients who care about quality OF RHODE ISLAND joint ventured facility, the referring physi­ health care to send me more. I will continue cian stated he did not want the patient done IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES at our facility. He wanted the patient to to pass along to you and my colleagues addi­ wait 3 weeks in order to have it done at the tional examples of these scams as I receive Monday, March 20, 1989 facility where he obviously receives a kick­ them. We owe it to the taxpayers to be pru­ Ms. SCHNEIDER. Mr. Speaker, despite its back or part of the profits. dent consumers with Medicare dollars. H.R. many achievements, the Tax Reform Act of A physical therapist in San Mateo, CA, has 939 helps assure that the taxpayers' money 1986 had a few drawbacks. One of the flaws seen physician/investors in physical therapy will not be wasted on unethical and unneces­ was section 89, which would impose restric­ facilities refer patients with chronic back pain sary services. tions on the tax-deductibility of employee ben- 4996 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 20, 1989 efit plans. In response to the opinions of the dously successful Older Americans Act which ing these problems in a coordinated national voters of the Second District, I am cosponsor­ the Congress passed in 1965. The Older fashion. In addition to providing grants to the ing H.R. 634, a bill that would repeal section Americans Act has won widespread bipartisan States and localities as mentioned above, the 89 of the Tax Code of 1986. praise for providing our senior citizens with act establishes permanently in the law a Section 89 was designed to ensure that the critically needed social and support services single Federal responsibility for overseeing tax incentive for employee benefit packages and acting as a mechanism for better coordi­ programs for the children, youth, and families was applied in an nondiscriminatory manner. nating services generally available to older of our Nation. It establishes within the Depart­ As a basic principle, the intentions of section persons. "The Young Americans Act" would ment of Health and Human Services the Ad­ 89 are sound; however, their implementation establish for the first time a broad set of na­ ministration for Children, Youth and Families. is sorely lacking. tional policy goals for young Americans, from The Commissioner of this Office would be ap­ Even the Technical and Miscellaneous Rev­ education to health care. It establishes as pointed by the President. "The Young Ameri­ enue Act of 1989, which was intended to cor­ policy goals for America that all of our young­ cans Act" also provides for a White House rect and fine tune the 1986 tax reform could er citizens shall be afforded: Conference on Young Americans to be held in not solve section 89's problems. In fact, the The best possible physical and mental 1990. This Conference would have the pur­ technical corrections made section 89 even health; pose of bringing together the national, State more complex. Adequate and safe shelter; and local leaders and experts to develop a As it stands, section 89 is too complicated The highest quality of educational opportu­ comprehensive, coherent national policy on for many business owners to comply with. nity; children, youth and families in America. Ironically, it may result in the reduction of em­ Effective training, apprenticeships opportuni­ Mr. Speaker, I am joined today in introduc­ ployee benefits as employers simply discontin­ ties for community service, and productive ing this important bill by my colleagues Mr. ue existing benefit plans rather than put up employment; CLAY, Mr. HAYES, Mr. OWENS, Mr. ROBINSON, with section 89's ambiguities. The Internal The widest range of civic, cultural and rec­ Mr. BOUCHER, Mr. FISH, Mr. GILMAN, Mrs. Revenue Service has yet to formulate the reational activities which promote self-esteem BENTLEY, Mr. JONTZ, Mr. ATKINS, Mr. KENNE­ rules to implement the provisions of section and a stake in their communities; comprehen­ DY, Mr. BEVILL, Mr. FAUNTROY, Mr. AKAKA, Mr. 89. I have been contacted by dozens of busi­ sive community services which are efficient, DELUGO, Mr. TRAXLER, Mr. DELLUMS, Mr. ness owners who are confused and annoyed coordinated, and readily available; and GORDON, Mr. McDERMOTT, Mr. RANGEL, Mr. by the senseless complexity of section 89. Genuine participation in decisions concern­ BATES, Mr. TOWNS, Mr. KOLTER, Mr. CROCK­ Mr. Speaker, this is a very important issue ing the planning and managing of their lives. ETT, Mr. DYMALL Y, Mr. SKAGGS, Mr. BONIOR, to Rhode Island businesses of all sizes. Alter­ "The Young Americans Act" provides eco­ Mr. BILL LEHMAN, Mr. MOAKLEY, Ms. KAPTUR, ations of the Tax Code can only be called "re­ nomic incentives through grants to the States Ms. PELOSI, Mr. ENGEL, Mr. EVANS, Ms. forms" if they simplify and clarify. Section 89 and localities to assist in meeting these policy OAKAR, Mr. BORSKI, Mr. SMITH of Florida. Mr. complicates and confuses. For this reason, I objectives. Grants are authorized for the provi­ FLORIO, Mr. FAZIO, Mr. JONES of North Caroli­ call on my colleagues to join me in voting for sion of direct services as well as for the pur­ na, Mr. FOGLIETTA, Mr. HERTEL, Mr. FLAKE, its repeal. pose of encouraging the States to develop Mr. STAGGERS, Mr. SIKORSKI, Mr. TRAFICANT, more coordinated and efficient ways to admin­ Mr. LEVIN, Mr. ACKERMAN, Mr. FEIGHAN and "THE YOUNG AMERICANS ACT": ister their programs aiding children, youth, and Mr. RICHARDSON. WE NEED A NATIONAL POLICY families. Mr. Speaker, I am delighted to say that my FOR CHILDREN Mr. Speaker, we have reached a point of good friend and long recognized champion of crisis with the youth of our Nation. The follow­ the right of young Americans, the Honorable ing statistics give a general indication of the DALE K1LDEE, chairman of the Subcommittee HON. C~~~7n!EPP' staggering problems which need to be faced: on Human Resources of the Education and Thirteen million children, 1 in 5, live in pov­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATI-VES" Labor Committee, has agreed to promptly erty. For children under the age of 6, the pro­ hold hearings on "The Young Americans Act" Monday, March 20, 1989 portion is 1 in 4; after its introduction. I am excited about the Mr. PEPPER. Mr. Speaker, today I am most Children are the fastest growing segment of prospects for getting this important legislation proud to be reintroducing on behalf of myself Americans living in poverty. We are the only through the Congress and signed by the and a bipartisan coalition of 50 colleagues, industrialized nation in the world in which chil­ President this session. I urge my colleagues to legislation which will set us on the path for es­ dren are the poorest age group; join us in supporting this important and timely tablishing something that is long overdue in Nine million American children live in unsafe piece of legislation for the future of our great our great America, a national policy for the housing. I am told that over 100,000 children Nation. young people of our country. "The Young are homeless; Americans Act" has been carefully designed Fewer children under 4 years of age are and refined by the leading child welfare advo­ now immunized against polio, DPT, measles, HANDS OFF UNITED STATES AID cates in the Nation as a cost effective way of mumps and rubella than in 1980; RATIO TO GREECE AND providing more and better services, from More than 1 in 4 of our teenagers entering TURKEY health care to education, to Americans 21 high school will not graduate. Many drop out years old and younger. at age 16; HON. WM. S. BROOMFIELD Mr. Speaker, I am proud to say that "The More children than ever before must OF MICHIGAN Young Americans Act" is supported by a di­ depend on only one parent, and single-parent IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES verse intergenerational group of national and families now account for 26 percent of all local organizations representing Americans of families with children under age 18 present, Monday, March 20, 1989 all ages. Generations United, a coalition of double the comparable percentage in 1970; Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Speaker, I want to over 100 national organizations representing More than 1 million American children a express my concerns about a legislative initia­ the young and the old, and headed by the year run away from home or are "pushed tive which could have profound implications Child Welfare League of America and the Na­ out," often for economic reasons; for U.S. policy toward the eastern Mediterra­ tional Council on Aging, has given tremendous Child abuse cases have risen dramatically nean. assistance to us in putting together and advo­ in the past 5 years; and Recently, the House Foreign Affairs Com­ cating on behalf of this important legislation. Perhaps most sadly, suicide rates for our mittee Task Force on Foreign Assistance re­ Indeed, "The Young Americans Act" is ates­ teenagers continue to rise faster than for any leased a report which will be used as the tament to the great spirit of cooperation and other age group. basis for rewriting the legislation which author­ shared interest which exists among the Ameri­ Mr. Speaker, these statistics, which express izes U.S. foreign aid program. The report and can people and is reflected in the national or­ so clearly the plight of America's youth, are its recommendations reflect the fact that over ganizations. jarring and demand our immediate attention. the years excessive congressional reporting Mr. Speaker, "The Young Americans Act" "The Young Americans Act" offers a sensible requirements and earmarkings have reduced has been patterned largely after the tremen- and cost effective approach to begin address- the executive branch's flexibility and effective- March 20, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4997 ness in promoting American security, econom­ southern flank program. I urge my colleagues Incorporation of active participation by ic and humanitarian interests in the interna­ to support these amendments. U.S. security women in development activities. tional community. interests cannot be ignored in that critical Establishment of criteria for economic policy While I want to commend the cochairmen of region of the world. reforms to increase incentives for productivity · the task force, Congressmen LEE HAMIL TON · while protecting the vulnerable poor and long­ and BEN GILMAN, for their dilligence and lead­ term environmental interests. ership in accepting this challenging task of Definition of critical sectoral priorities for as­ trying to refine and improve an exceedingly sistance, with minimum earmarks of 10 per­ complex foreign aid process, I have several cent for natural resources, health, and volun­ reservations about the task force's legislative tary family planning. The remaining funds recommendations. THE AFRICA FAMINE RECOVERY would be spent flexibly by AID within broad In an effort in eliminate as many legislative AND DEVELOPMENT ACT legislative authorities. conditions on our foreign aid programs as possible, the task force recommended that Increased resources for Africa-a $550 mil­ the 10 to 7 ratio method in which military as­ HON. HOWARD WOLPE lion earmark-without an increase in the total sistance is appropriated to two NATO allies, worldwide aid budget to help make up for Afri­ Greece and Turkey, be eliminated. Doing OF MICHIGAN ca's declining proportion of U.S. assistance­ away with this very principled approach to our IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a fall of approximately 15 percent in the last 5 years. relationships with Athens and Ankara would Monday, March 20, 1989 represent a radical shift favoring Turkey . . Recommendation to the President strongly Abandoning the ratio would send a political Mr. WOLPE. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to urging long-term and cost-free debt reschedul­ message to Greece that the United States introduce today, along with Representatives ing for low-income countries pursuing national condoned Turkish aims and objectives in the BEN GILMAN, CLAUDINE SCHNEIDER, RONALD economic policy reforms. eastern Mediterranean and the Aegean. This DELLUMS, and 31 other colleagues, the Africa Organizational reforms of AID including a message would damage long-term United Famine Recovery and Development Act, an long-term, 5-year commitment to African aid, States security interest in Greece. innovative and far-reaching reform of our eco­ better accounting, independent evaluations of nomic assistance program in sub-Saharan I share my colleagues' concerns about the the results of aid programs, and more flexible Africa. As you will recall, this new approach politics of the current Government in Athens. procurement. passed the House during the last Congress, Greece's procrastination in concluding a This legislation has been strongly supported United States base agreement and the unac­ as part of the foreign aid authorization, with by a wide range of citizens groups including ceptable delay in honoring the United States wide bipartisan support. The Senate Foreign Interaction-representing 114 U.S. private and extradition request for accused Palestinian ter­ Relations Committee adopted a similar meas­ voluntary organizations-the Sierra Club, the rorist Mohammed Rashid-now imprisoned in ure but the full Senate did not act on the over­ Greece-has placed unnecessary strains on all foreign aid bill. Natural Resources Defense Council, Bread for our bilateral relations with this key NA TO ally. This bill represents a major step toward a the World, CARE, Catholic Relief Services, Both Greece and the United States have suf­ more cost-effective and efficient foreign aid World Vision Relief Organization, Africare, fered from terrorism and we need the coop­ program in Africa, one which supports sustain­ Transafrica, and numerous other organiza­ eration of the Greek Prime Minister if we are able, participatory, and self-reliant economic tions. to put an end to this international menace. growth. United States economic, political, and I hope my colleagues will join me in sup­ I am confident that these problems are re­ humanitarian interests require a sound long­ porting this very worthwhile legislation. solvable. At a time, however, when Greece is term aid policy for Africa as an alternative to HOUSE COSPONSORS OF THE AFRICA FAMINE in the midst of a campaign for the upcoming the expensive "Band-Aid" of famine relief. RECOVERY AND DEVELOPMENT ACT national elections in June, a congressional re­ Too often our aid programs in Africa have 1. Howard Wolpe. versal of the existing 1o to 7 ratio could very been poorly planned and ineffective because 2. Ben Gilman. well inflame the Greek electorate and jeopard­ they failed to involve local people-particularly 3. Claudine Schneider. ize America's interests over the long term in women who produce 80 percent of Africa's 4. Mickey Leland. this extremely important area of the world. food-and ignored the potential of indigenous 5. William Gray . While governments come and go, the tradi­ African private and voluntary organizations to 6. Geo. W. Crockett. 7. James Clarke. tionally close relationship which exists be­ foster self-reliant development. Too often we 8. Ben Blaz. tween the American and Greek people is the have not really insisted that African govern­ mortar which binds our two nations together. 9. Howard Berman. ments undertake policy reforms, such as en­ 10. Tom Downey. It is also important to note that doing away couraging the private sector, or failed to with the current aid ratio would have the 11. James Scheuer. ensure that whatever reforms were undertak­ 12. Robert Kastenmeier. effect of rewarding Turkey for continuing to en did not jeopardize the vulnerable poor or 13. Peter Kostmayer. occupy Cyprus. For those Members who long-term environmental interests. Too often 14. Charles Hayes. served in Congress in the 1970's the concept our aid programs have given short shrift to 15. Ronald Dellums. of a ratio originated from the lifting of the key priorities critical for Africa's development 16. Eliot Engel. arms embargo against Ankara for its invasion prospects-such as protecting the natural re­ 17. Robert Roe. of Cyprus. Turkey still occupies Cyprus with source base, essential for Africa's agricultural 18. Timothy Penny. 30,000 troops armed with United States equip­ productivity and its ability to feed itself, and 19. Julian Dixon. ment. At a time when the two parties in the health and voluntary family planning programs 20. Walter Fauntroy. Cyprus dispute are trying to resolve their dif­ which are necessary to sustain the human re­ 21. Moe Udall. 22. Cardiss Collins. ferences over the future of that island, a source base for development. Too often as­ 23. Albert Bustamante. change in the assistance ratio would clearly sistance has been hampered by atrocious send the wrong signal. In the interest of 24. Robert Wise. management policies: shortsighted programs, 25. Mervyn Dymally. peace on Cyprus, it is important on the United poor accounting, and weak evaluation. States to maintain the ratio. 26. Ted Weiss. 27. Gerry Studds. Mr. Speaker, in the coming weeks, I will Among the key features of the Africa Famine Recovery and Development Act are: 28. Barbara Kennelly. closely monitor the progress of the foreign aid 29. Chester Atkins. legislation and, if necessary, will join my col­ Close consultation with the poor majority, 30. Edward Feighan. league from Pennsylvania, Congressman through African and other private and volun­ 31. Vic Fazio. YATRON, and offer amendments to the revised tary organizations, in the planning of United 32. Donald Payne. foreign aid authorization bill which will restore States development assistance, and an ex­ 33. Lane Evans. the concept of the assistance ratio to both the pansion and strengthening of development ef­ 34. Doug Walgren. military assistance accounts and the NATO forts by African and United States PVO's. 35. Sam Gejdenson. 4998 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 20, 1989 GREAT LAKES ARE BEING IN­ of ruffe with poisons, restocking with predator errors of individual banks, and put a premi­ VADED BY ALIENS-SPECIES, fish, and reproductive controls. um on unsound banking in the future ..." THAT IS The next freighter may be bringing more The opposition of Senator Glass and than cement to Duluth. We must help protect President Roosevelt was swept aside by public sentiment and by the efforts of HON. ROBERT W. DAVIS our native fish populations from additional Henry B. Steagall of Alabama, the Chair­ OF MICHIGAN threats, or soon the Great Lakes perch may man of the House Banking Committee, who IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES go the way of the dodo bird. had favored insuring deposits for almost as Monday, March 20, 1989 long as Glass had opposed it. On June 6, 1933, Roosevelt signed into law a sweeping Mr. DAVIS. Mr. Speaker, today I introduced LIMITED GOVERNMENT­ banking reform law that insured all bank a bill which provides a first step in conquering UNLIMITED LIABILITIES deposits up to $2,500. . the core of that support system. Expands NIH and NIMH biomedical re­ search programs by funding basic research HON. EDWARD R. ROYBAL CARE, introduced today by Representatives related to AD at a combined level of $225 OF CALIFORNIA WAXMAN, STARK, and myself, was developed million for 1990, $400 million for 1991, and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in close partnership with the National Alzhei­ $500 million for 1992. Of the total biomedi­ mer's Association and has received their cal research funding, 80 percent goes to Monday, March 20, 1989 strongest endorsement. Over the next few NIH, 10 percent goes to NIMH, and 10 per­ Mr. ROYBAL. Mr. Speaker, over the past 5 months, the association and its 200 chapters cent is to be distributed between NIH and years, the House Select Committee on Aging around the country will be mounting an all out NIMH according to priorities developed by has held several very emotional hearings on effort to reach the Congress and get this the DHHS Secretary. Alzheimer's disease. As the committee mem­ measure passed on behalf of the 3 to 6 mil­ From the above NIH and NIMH research bers listened to the tragic testimony of the wit­ lion victims of Alzheimer's disease and their funding and subject to the level of the total appropriation for this research, research nesses, it became more and more clear that caring families. priorities include the etiology of AD and the burden of caring of AD vic­ pansion of research into the causes, preven­ SUMMARY OF H.R. 1490: COMPREHENSIVE ALZ­ tims to modify the Medicare all hope that his captivity will soon come to an of AD. and Medicaid programs to: end, and let us work toward the goal of gain­ Provides NIA Grants to medical, psycholo­ Review and, as needed, modify reimburse­ ing the release of all the hostages, American gy, nursing, social work, geronotology, and ment for home health services, extended and foreign. In the words of President Dwight health administration schools and to AD re­ care services and inpatient hospital services search centers for training and continuing to reflect more accurately the cost of caring Eisenhower: education on health and long term care for advanced stages of AD; upgrade quality May the light of freedom, coming to all using AD as an illustrative case. Grants of care and utilization reviews for heavy darkened lands, flame brightly- until at last shall be awarded so as to ensure appropriate care patients such as AD patients; ensure the darkness is no more. 5002 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 20, 1989 H.R. 670 AND H.R. 1492, TWO YOUTH'S INCREASING USE OF population of almost 242 million, but also ex­ BILLS FOR THE YOUTH OF SMOKELESS TOBACCO A CON­ ported over $14.5 billion of agriculture prod­ AMERICA CERN TO THE AMERICAN ucts in 1988. ACADEMY OF OTOLARYNGOL­ Agriculture is a major positive factor in our OGY-HEAD AND NECK SUR­ international trade, but farm sales are only a GERY small part of agriculture's total economic impact. Nationwide, 1 out of every 6 jobs-20 HON. CLAUDE PEPPER HON. MICHAEL A. ANDREWS million in all-is in agriculture and the food OF FLORIDA and fiber industries. In addition, American agri­ OF TEXAS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES culture's tremendous productivity allows our IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES consumers to spend only 13 percent of their Monday, March 20, 1989 Monday, March 20, 1989 disposable incomes on food, less than any other nation on Earth. Mr. PEPPER. Mr. Speaker, I want to con­ Mr. ANDREWS. Mr. Speaker, there is a I'm proud that my home State of New York gratulate you, on the creation of the Demo­ social epidemic among our young people-the continues its strong tradition of agricultural vi­ cratic Task Force on the American Family. I use of smokeless tobacco. There has been tality. In the just-completed census of agricul­ am honored to serve on it. fourfold increase in chewing tobacco users ture, New York's farm sales climbed to nearly and a fifteenfold increase in snuff users If the future of a nation lies in its youth, then $2.5 billion in annual sales. New York ranks among 17 - to 19-year-old males between the years ahead could be very bleak for the among the top five States in the Nation in the 1970 and 1986. Unfortunately this widespread United States. Children are the fastest grow­ prouduction of dairy products like cheese, usage could also cause a medical epidemic of ing segment of our poverty population. Thir­ milk, and ice cream, as well as many fresh oral cancer. We all need to discourage tobac­ teen million children live below the Federal fruits and vegetables including: Tart cherries, co use among our Nation's youth, and I com­ poverty line. Nine million children live in sweet corn, apples, grapes, snap beans, mend the American Academy of Otolaryngolo­ unsafe housing and more than 12 million have pears, cauliflower, celery, strawberries, and gy-Head and Neck Surgery for its new educa­ no health insurance coverage. More than a peas. tional campaign: Through with Chew. Today, on National Agriculture Day, I espe­ quarter of the children in our school systems The academy represents 8,500 physicians cially want to recognize the farmers and food fail to graduate and in some of our inner cities who specialize in the medical and surgical processors of the 30th District of New York. In nearly 60 percent drop out. More than 1.1 mil­ treatment of health problems related to the the four counties which are included in the lion teenagers became pregnant last year. We ear, nose, throat, head and neck. Its motiva­ district, over 2,900 farms produce more than are raising a generation that is ill-equipped to tion to develop this national campaign is easy $217 million of dairy, grain, vegetable, fruit, lead us into the 21st century. to trace. Smokeless tobacco can cause malig­ and nursery products annually. Genesee I have introduced two bills that are intended nant and benign tumors of the mouth and Valley agriculture is second to none in its in­ throat. to help the youth of America to reach their full novation, efficiency, and productivity. Through with Chew is a multifaceted effort. potential and I invite my colleagues to add Mr. Speaker, I hope all Americans join me Through a joint effort with the National Cancer their support. on National Agriculture Day in saluting and Institute, the academy has mailed lesson celebrating both the tradition and the continu­ The first, H.R. 670, would authorize $1 bil­ plans to schools nationwide. Member physi­ ing economic importance of American agricul­ lion a year in matching grants to the States, cians across the country are volunteering their ture. targeting those funds to schools with a large time to go into the schools to talk to the stu­ number of students who are potential drop­ dents about the hazards of using smokeless outs. The States would be required to develop tobacco. The academy has also enlisted the a plan to double their number of high school support and involvement of many organiza­ graduates over a 10-year period. tions and individuals, including Dr. Bobby I believe that our dropout rate is contributing Brown, president of the American Baseball UTAH'S WILDERNESS to the precariousness of our once-secure League, and Nolan Ryan, pitcher for the technological leadership. While the number of Texas Rangers. With new phases of Through HON. WAYNE OWENS with Chew being planned, I hope the acade­ high school graduates in the United States OF UTAH my's educational program serves as a model has been declining ever since 1969, our com­ IN·THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and vehicle for more people to become in­ petitors are successfully educating their youth. Monday, March 20, 1989 Over 90 percent of the young people in volved in preventing this possible cancer epi­ demic. Japan, for example, earn a high school diplo­ Mr. OWENS of Utah. Mr. Speaker, John ma. The United States can't design and Kennedy many years ago said "It is our task, produce the next generation of supercom­ in our time and in our generation, to hand down undiminished to those who come after puters with a nation of dropouts. us, the natural wealth and beauty which is The second, H.R. 1492, the Young Ameri­ ours." Today, with the introduction of H.R. cans Act, is patterned largely after the very NATIONAL AGRICULTURE DAY 1500 I am dedicating a portion of my efforts to successful Older Americans Act which pro­ accomplishing that task with respect to Utah's vides our senior citizens with critically needed HON. LOUISE M. SLAUGHTER public domain. social services. It would establish for the first OF NEW YORK In 1936 naturalist Bob Marshall, the father time a broad set of national policy goals for IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of the modern wilderness preservation young Americans, from education to health system, who said that Utah's wilderness is Monday, March 20, 1989 care, and provides economic incentives to second only to Alaska's in beauty and majes­ States and communities to meet these goals. Ms. SLAUGHTER of New York. Mr. Speak­ ty, inventoried 18 million acres of roadless er, today is National Agriculture Day, a day for and wild lands in the State of Utah. Much of In our efforts to trim the national deficit, all Americans to recognize both our Nation's that land has been removed from the wilder­ there are some causes that we cannot afford agriculture heritage and the continuing vitality ness category. My bill would protect, through to neglect. After so many years of mortgaging of its agriculture and related industries. official wilderness designation, the most signif­ our future for the present, it is clear that we Two hundred years ago during the first Con­ icant and beautiful 5 million acres which re­ will leave tomorrow's generation a wide array gress, 90 percent of all Americans lived on mains. of complex social, economic, and environmen­ farms to raise enough food for the Nation's 4 Some people express concern over creating tal problems. We have an obligation to ensure million inhabitants. Today only 2 percent of new wilderness-wilderness is not created by that they are more ably prepared to meet Americans live on farms. But they are so pro­ legislation-it is the work of God and nature. those challenges. ductive that they not only feed our current Legislation simply serves to protect existing March 20, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5003 wilderness, to ensure that future generations alistic economic viability in the foreseeable A TRIBUTE TO THE lOOTH may have on these same lands, a soul enrich­ future. I challenge my critics to demonstrate BIRTHDAY OF THE CITY OF ing experience equal to our own. the economic realism of their potential devel­ MOUNT PLEASANT, MI All 5 million acres are already public opment argument, and to show that the po­ lands-already held in trust by the Federal tential jobs produced would be a greater ben­ HON. BILL SCHUETTE Government for the benefit of all Americans. efit than the annually growing economic con­ OF MICHIGAN The real issues presented by this bill are: tributions of tourism to our State. First, what quality of stewardship will guide In the past 10 years, we have seen a grow­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES their management and, second, how con­ ing awareness in Utah that our existing tourist Monday, March 20, 1989 cerned are we that our children have opportu­ attractions, enhanced by our unequaled natu­ Mr. SCHUETTE. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to nity to see and experience uncompromised ral and scenic attractions, will provide our pay tribute to the 1OOth birthday of the city of wilderness. In Utah our commitment to good State its greatest economic vitality. Establish­ Mount Pleasant, Ml. A celebration of this his­ stewardship is fundamental. For this reason, I ing the highest level of protection for these toric occasion will take place on March 22, am proud to be the elected official presenting gifts of nature will not discourage or offend 1989. this wilderness preservation opportunity for the people who come from around the world On February 25, 1855, John M. Hursh and public review. to see and experience them; to the contrary, it his family arrived at their farm on the present Within the Colorado River drainage, where will demonstrate our foresight and ensure that site of Central Michigan University and most of this wilderness lies, the erosional tourism will be a continuing and major compo­ became the first settlers of what is now Mount carving tools of nature have created a nation­ nent of our economy lonQ into the future. Pleasant. On March 22, 1889, the city's char­ al treasure that has already prompted the cre­ ter was signed by Gov. Cyrus Luce and thus Utah currently has but 800,000 acres of ation of five national parks. H.R. 1500 would began the long, interesting history of Mount public lands being managed as wilderness, establish protection for the remaining unim­ Pleasant. pacted wild lands that surround and lie amidst while virtually all of our Western neighbor In 1860, the original plat of Mount Pleasant these parks. In the simple words of noted State's have triple, and one case six times was laid out when a lumberman by the name author and photographer Edward Abbey, who that amount. I would venture that none have of David Ward harvested pine trees from 200 I was sorrowed to learn passed away this wilderness as . unique and extraordinary as acres of land. The county seat was then week, "[t]his is the most beautiful place on Utah does. moved to the plat of Mount Pleasant from Isa­ earth." It must not be lost. To my astonishment and disappointment bella City. The year of 1865 ushered in the In­ The SLM wilderness proposed by H.R. 1500 Utah was recently ranked 48th in the Nation dustrial Revolution and in 1875, Mount Pleas­ is organized into 1O distinctive areas. For for protecting its environment, and this an­ ant was organized as a village. Accompanying each, the bill highlights wilderness values that nouncement comes at a time when the Nation the industrial growth was the expansion of the are unique in their ability to inspire. The isolat­ as a whole is moving rapidly into an age of railroad. In 1879, rails were laid from Mount ed ecosystems of the Great Basin, which environmental alarm. However, I am not dis­ Pleasant to Coleman, connecting Mount thrust up as islands in the desert, are a singu­ couraged. This past year as a State working Pleasant with Pere Marquette Railroad. This lar experience. Surroundings such as the red together, we reformed both fiscally and envi­ made possible the shipment of farm and mill sandstone glens and coves, and hanging gar­ ronmentally the States largest water develop­ products to outside markets and subsequent­ ly, the further growth of Mount Pleasant. dens of Escalante Canyon are unequaled any­ ment, the central Utah project. That task is In 1889 Mount Pleasant became a city and where. almost finished. We must now transfer those later adopted the city-manager system of mu­ The public lands that would be protected by same progressive energies to the process of H.R. 1500 contain some of Utah's most un­ nicipal government. With the oil boom in 1927, designating SLM wilderness. common and valuable wildlife habitat. For ex­ Mount Pleasant became the oil capital of ample, the verdant forests and plateaus of the Introduction of this bill begins a process, a Michigan and today is a prosperous and beau­ Book Cliffs teem with elk, mule deer, wild process that will involve public input from both tiful city. sheep, bear, and cougar. Rare desert bighorn inside and outside the State, from all people Mr. Speaker, and my colleagues in the sheep, a magnificent animal that depends on who use and value Utah's SLM lands. This House, please join me in commemorating the wilderness for its survival, range within many process should begin in Utah and give all Uta­ 1OOth birthday of the city of Mount Pleasant. of these wilderness areas and in adjacent na­ hans, including those who live in urban areas, This is a very special day for the people of the tional parks. an equal voice. The importance of this deci­ city as well as for all the people of Michigan. The wilderness of the Henry Mountains is sion requires that the process guarantee the We are proud of our rich history and heritage, home to our Nation's largest herd of free highest standard of review. and strive to preserve it for those who will follow behind us. roaming buffalo. Finally, the process must not allow local Beaver Dam Wash is one of the last places nonrenewable and short-term economic bene­ in the Southwest where vital populations of fits to control our thinking in this matter of endangered desert tortoise can be found and lasting importance. my bill lists many more examples. If we are to be remembered for our fore­ My proposal also includes 1.8 million acres WOMEN'S HISTORY MONTH sight, we must leave our children more than that were excluded from consideration by the technological wonders and material posses­ SLM in its required wilderness review. Nearly sions. We must seize the opportunity to pre­ HON. STENY H. HOYER a decade ago, when the agency began its OF MARYLAND review process, any wilderness land which serve this small and exceptional portion of showed the slightest potential for mineral de­ Utah public lands as God and nature created IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES velopment or other similar private use was ex­ them. Let us not risk threatening these vistas Monday, March 20, 1989 cluded. In retrospect, it is plainly apparent that where the dreams of our forebearors arose out of reverence for this pristine splendor. Mr. HOYER. Mr. Speaker, the month of these sweeping policy decisions were short­ March 1989, has been designated as "Nation­ sighted and no longer serve the public inter­ I want to express my appreciation for the al Women's History Month." Legislation pro­ est. support I have received from sportsmen, con­ claiming Women's History Month has been With the exception of livestock grazing, servationists, and wilderness advocates. I un­ enacted each year since 1980. This year, I am which would continue, private interest use of derstand that 77 such Utah organizations and proud to again be a cosponsor of the legisla­ these lands presently provides no jobs to the entire national conservation community tion which provides an opportunity for all Utah's economy. The lands are wilderness. are endorsing my efforts in connection with Americans to learn of, reflect upon, and pay More importantly, we have not identified a this bill. This level of cooperation and unanimi­ tribute to the contributions women have made single development proposal for these lands ty is unprecedented. There is much to be to the strength, prosperity, and heritage of which is pending or estimated to have any re- done, each of your efforts will be crucial. America. In particular, it is an opportunity for 5004 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 20, 1989 the students in our schools to learn important IN HONOR OF NATIONAL mond's neighborhood councils and served on pieces of history which are often ignored and AGRICULTURE DAY, 1989 numerous city and county commissions and it is an opportunity for adults to reacquaint advisory boards. themselves with the history of America's HON. WILLIAM F. CLINGER, JR. Currently, she is a member of the John T. women. OF PENNSYLVANIA Knox Freeway affirmative action committee The theme of this year's Women's History IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and the citizens committee to approve plans Month is "Heritage of Strength and Vision." for the San Pablo Wildcat Creek Flood Control Monday, March 20, 1989 This theme is particularly appropriate to Project. Women's Month because it is representative Mr. CLINGER. Mr. Speaker, I rise on this I would like to extend my personal con­ of the different ways women have influenced first day of spring not only in commemoration gratulations and thanks, along with those of and improved America. For many women, it of the 16th Annual National Agriculture Day, the 101 st Congress of the United States, to was the personal strength and vision they ex­ but in specific recognition of those farmers out Lucretia Edwards for all of her hard work and ercised in their individual lives that, throughout in their fields at this very moment, planting the dedication to our community. seeds for next year's crop. While they toil, we our history, added to and strengthened the pay tribute. Kicking off a week-long observ­ very fabric of America. AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH ance of the agricultural industry, National Agri­ COMMERCIALIZATION ACT Today, we may only know of those strug­ culture Day represents a culmination of efforts gles through a recently discovered pioneer coordinated by the Agriculture Council of journal recounting the trip West and the deso­ America to try and raise Americans' con­ HON. TIMOTHY J. PENNY lation of the new territories, or through family sciousness of the importance of agriculture in OF MINNESOTA stories of grandma, "Rosie the Riveter," or all aspects of our daily lives. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the grandmother who struggled and perse­ Taking a day to recognize the efforts of Monday, March 20, 1989 vered to keep her family together through America's agricultural providers is but a small slavery, or in an environment of violence and gesture of thanks from those of us who bene­ Mr. PENNY. Mr. Speaker, I am today intro­ discrimination. fit from their hard work on a regular basis. ducing the Agricultural Research Commercial­ These histories are often to be found only Many of the events scheduled are geared ization Act of 1989. A Senate companion is on the pages of faded diaries, forgotten letters specifically for those customers living in urban authored by Senator KENT CONRAD of North or in stories told and retold among the women areas who may not have the same under­ Dakota. This legislation will establish the Agri­ cultural Research Commercialization Corpora­ in the family. But this is America's history, and standing of our agricultural system as those tion [ARCC] within the U.S. Department of Ag­ for every recounting of the discovery and birth living in rural areas. However, these events riculture to provide financing to assist in the of America, the days of slavery, the depres­ are in no way limited to only benefit those in the cities. The purpose is to affect the aware­ commercialization of new industrial products sion, World War II and after, there is another and processes which use agricultural and for­ history to recount. That is history of the lives ness of all people across the country regard­ less of their geographical location. estry crops. of the women of the time. For these women, The commercialization and marketing of too, are America's history, and their vision and Coming from a rural district with heavily concentrated agricultural areas, I understand newly developed industrial products that use strength, often unrecognized and uncounted, agricultural commodities is costly and unusual­ is perhaps the more valuable. the important contributions of the hardworking people in this field. I am proud to be a spon­ ly risky, but essential to the continued devel­ But this year's theme is also representative sor of National Agriculture Day. opment of our agricultural economy. Through of the very public way that many women have On a final note, I would like to express my the selected financing of projects on a region­ influenced and improved America. For many sincere thanks to all of the people involved in al basis, ARCC would work toward closing the women took their personal strength and vision the U.S. agriculture industry and to encourage commercialization gap that now exists in this and sought to create a better America. We their continued excellence in the future. country with respect to new industrial prod­ have many examples to draw from: Rosa ucts. ARCC would provide targeted financial Parks refusing to move to the back of the bus, assistance for selected new products primarily TRIBUTE TO LUCRETIA Shirley Chisholm breaking barriers as the first through repayable grants, loan guarantees, EDWARDS and interest subsidies. black woman in the U.S. Congress and run­ Priority would be given to commercialization ning for President; or Harriet Tubman running proposals which include financial support from the Underground Railroad-also one of the HON. GEORGE MILLER State and local governments and private in­ first women to be inducted into the Maryland OF CALIFORNIA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES dustry. I feel that the establishment of a part­ Women's Hall of Fame; Jeannette Rankin, the nership among the private and public sectors first woman in the U.S. Congress; or Elizabeth Monday, March 20, 1989 to develop and commercialize new agricultural Cady Stanton, who made it possible for Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. Speaker, it products will ensure that Federal dollars spent women to vote. gives me great pleasure today to share with on agricultural research will yield the highest Those of us in Maryland are particularly my colleagues a tribute to an outstanding citi­ return for the American economy. In addition, proud of my predecessor, Gladys Noon Spell­ zen in my district, Lucretia Edwards. new products will give farmers additional mar­ man. Congresswoman Spellman was a special Lucretia was named the 11th Assembly Dis­ kets for their crops and strengthen their finan­ leader who translated her personal strength trict's Woman of the Year by Assemblyman cial situation. and vision into creating a better Prince Bob Campbell, Democrat from Richmond. The ARCC's activities would have a tremendous Georges County, a better Maryland and a California State Senate and Assembly hon­ multiplier effect on our economy. First, it will better America. Gladys Noon Spellman served ored her and 101 other distinguished women increase the demand for agricultural and for­ her fellow citizens and had an incredible ca­ at special ceremonies sponsored by the estry crops, benefiting rural businesses and pacity for pursuing solutions with unflagging women legislator's caucus. communities. Second, commercialization . ac­ energy and enthusiasm. In many ways, she It is always very gratifying when a constitu­ tivities will create new jobs in manufacturing epitomizes the theme of this year's Women's ent is rewarded for all her time and commit­ and processing and provide new opportunities History Month, she truly took her personal ment spent on the improvement of her com­ for small businesses. Third, this concept will strength and vision to a very public level and munity. Lucretia has been a resident of Pt. make us more competitive, reducing our trade Richmond for the last 41 years. Her involve­ deficit. indeed improved America's heritage. ment in civic affairs began in the 1950's as a ARCC would also reduce environmental pol­ Mr. Speaker, I hope that all Americans will member of the League of Women Voters. lution through development of environmentally take some time during the month of March to Lucretia has not only been active in the safe products. Many of the products devel­ start a lasting habit, the habit of learning the Richmond community, but also supportive and oped from agricultural crops are biodegrada­ story of the women of America and their con­ helpful of my efforts in the district. She has ble, like soybean oil ink and cornstarch plas­ tributions, public and private. been a leader in the establishment of Rich- tic. March 20, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5005 Mr. Speaker, I include the text of the bill fol­ modities, or is involved in rural economic de­ <12) to exercise all other lawful powers lowing the statement. velopment. necessarily or reasonably related to the es­ (6) REGIONAL CENTER.-The term "Region­ tablishment of the Corporation, to carry out H.R. 1505 al Center" means a Center established pur­ this section, and to the exercise of its Be it enacted by the Senate and House of suant to section 6. powers, purposes, functions, duties, and au­ Representatives of the United States of (7) SECRETARY.-The term "Secretary" thorized activities. America in Congress assembled, means the Secretary of Agriculture. (C) VOLUNTARY SERVICES.-Notwithstand­ SECTION I. SHORT TITLE. SEC. 4. ESTABLISHMENT OF CORPORATION. ing section 1342 of title 31, United States This Act may be cited as the "Agricultural (a) IN GENERAL.-There is established Code, the Corporation is authorized to Research Commercialization Act of 1989". within the Department of Agriculture a accept and utilize voluntary and uncompen­ SEC. 2. FINDINGS AND PURPOSE. body corporate to be known as the "Agricul­ sated services. (a) FINDINGS.-Congress finds that- tural Research Commercialization Corpora­ (d) GOVERNMENT CORPORATE CONTROL ( 1) many of the emerging new ideas, prod­ tion". AcT .-The Corporation shall be considered a ucts, and processes resulting from agricul­ (b) CENTRAL OFFICE.-The Secretary shall wholly-owned corporation for the purposes tural research have never been commercial­ provide facilities for the principal office of of the Government Corporate Control Act. ized because of the high initial financing the Corporation within the National Agri­ costs and high risk; and cultural Library located in Beltsville, Mary­ SEC. 6. REGIONAL CENTERS. (2) the careful targeting of financial as­ land. (a) LOCATION.- sistance to entrepreneurs for the commer­ (C) ESTABLISHMENT OF REGIONAL CEN­ ( I) IN GENERAL.-Each Regional Center es­ cialization of new industrial uses of agricul­ TERS.-The Corporation shall establish a tablished by the Corporation pursuant to tural and forestry products will be a cost ef­ minimum of four and a maximum of nine section 4 shall be located in a different fective means of stabilizing the agricultural Regional Centers in the United States, as State, reflective of regional climatic condi­ sector and redeveloping the rural economy. provided for in section 6. tions, rural economic stress, and the qualifi­ Cb) PuRPOSE.-It is the purpose of this Act SEC. 5. POWERS OF THE CORPORATION. cations of the applicant to serve as the host through the Corporation established pursu­ (a) NONPROFIT CORPORATE POWERS.-To institution for a Regional Center and to ant to section 4- carry out this Act, the Corporation has the carry out the duties of the Corporation. ( 1) to commercialize new nonfood, non­ powers conferred on a nonprofit corporation (2) COMPETITIVE AWARDING.-Host institu­ feed uses for traditional and new agricultur­ under the District of Columbia Nonprofit tions desiring to have a Regional Center lo­ al crops in order to create jobs, to enhance Corporation Act. cated in their region shall submit a proposal the economic development of the rural (b) GENERAL POWERS.-ln addition to any for such location to the Board. The Board economy, and to diversify markets for raw specific power granted to the Corporation shall determine the location of such centers agricultural and forestry products; elsewhere in this Act, the Corporation shall based on a competitive review of the con­ (2) to encourage cooperative development have the power- tents of such proposals. and marketing efforts among manufactur­ ( 1) to adopt, alter, and rescind bylaws and (3) HOST INSTITUTIONS.-Each Regional ers, financiers, universities, and private and to adopt and alter a corporate seal, which Center shall be located at a host institution government laboratories in order to acceler­ shall be judicially noticed; in the region. ate the commercialization of new industrial (2) to make agreements and contracts (4) MATCHING OF FUNDS.- uses for agricultural and forestry products; with persons and private or governmental CA) IN GENERAL.-Each candidate host in­ and agencies, except that the Corporation shall stitution submitting a proposal for a Re­ (3) to direct, to the maximum extent pos­ not provide any financial assistance unless gional Center under this section shall pro­ sible, commercialization efforts toward the specifically permitted under this Act; vide assurances- development of new products from crops (3) to lease, purchase, accept gifts or dona­ (i) that adequate funds or in-kind support that can be raised by family-sized agricul­ tion of, or otherwise to acquire, and to use, are repre­ as are necessary for the proper management vate business community, State and local sentative of the agricultural, scientific, fi­ and functioning of the Corporation. governments, educational institutions, pri­ nancial, and managerial community. (e) ORGANIZATION.-The Board shall pro­ vate and Federal laboratories, the agricul­ (3) CHAIRPERSON.-The Board shall elect a vide a system of organization to fix respon­ tural sector, scientists, and engineers. An Chairperson from among the members of sibility and promote efficiency within the Advisory Council shall be subject to the the Board referred to in paragraph (1). Corporation. Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. (4) OTHER EMPLOYMENT.-A Director may (f) GOVERNMENT EMPLOYMENT LAws.-Di­ App. 2). hold a position in the private sector at the rectors, officers, and employees of the Cor­ (3) DUTIES.- same time as such director is serving on the poration shall be subject to all laws of the (A) PRIMARY DUTY.-The primary duty of Board. United States relating to governmental em­ the members of an Advisory Council shall (b) TERM OF OFFICE.- ployment, including the provisions of title 5, be to review or coordinate the review of the ( 1) IN GENERAL.-A member of the Board United States Code, relating to compensa­ technical, engineering, financial, and mana­ appointed under subsection (a)(l)(C) shall tion. gerial soundness and marketing potential of be appointed for a term of 5 years. (g) POLITICAL QUALIFICATIONS.-No politi­ the applications for assistance received (2) INITIAL MEMBERS.-The initial members cal test or qualifications shall be used in se­ under this Act. of the Board appointed under subsection lecting, appointing, promoting, or taking (B) MONITORING ACTIVITIES.-An Advisory (a)(l)(C) shall serve as follows: other personnel actions with respect to offi­ Council may assist a Regional Director in OFFICERs.-The Board shall establish employees. ed business and financial counseling for the offices and appoint the officers of the (b) CONFLICTS OF INTEREST.- small American businesses to commercialize Corporation in which such erated commercialization of new, nonfood, the Board. member is serving as officer, director, trust­ nonfeed products and processes using farm (2) CHAIRPERSON.-The Chairperson may, ee, partner, or employee, or any person or and forest products; by written instrument, delegate such func­ organization with whom such member is ne­ (6) advise the Corporation on the viability tion, power, or duty as is assigned to the gotiating or has any arrangement concern­ of specific proposals submitted for financial Chairperson pursuant to this section, to ing prospective employment, has a financial assistance and on the type of assistance, if such other director, officer, or employee of interest. any, to be provided; and the Corporation as the Chairperson consid­ (2) REMOVAL.-Action by a member of the (7) coordinate their activities with the ers appropriate. Board that is contrary to the prohibition Small Business Development Centers au­ (C) DELEGATION NOT PERMITTED.- contained in paragraph <1) shall be cause thorized by section 21 of the Small Business (!) IN GENERAL.-Notwithstanding any for removal of such member pursuant to the Act 05 U.S.C. 648). other provision of law, the Secretary and powers of the Corporation in section 5, but SEC. 8. CORPORATE BOARD OF DIRECTORS. any other officer or employee of the United shall not impair or otherwise affect the va­ (a) MEMBERSHIP.- States shall not make any delegation to the lidity of any otherwise lawful action by the ( 1) IN GENERAL.-The Board shall consist Board, the Chairperson, or the Corporation Corporation in which the member of officer of nine members, who shall be citizens of of any power, function, or authority not ex­ participated. the United States, of which- pressly authorized by this Act, except where (3) INFORMED CONSENT.- The prohibition (A) one member shall be the Assistant such delegation is pursuant to an authority contained in paragraph <1) shall not apply Secretary; in law that expressly makes reference to if- (B) one member shall be the Under Secre­ this Act. ( A) the member of the Board- tary of Agriculture for Small Community (2) REORGANIZATION ACT.-Notwithstanding (i) advises the Board of the nature of the and Rural Development; and any other provision of law, chapter 9 of title particular matter in which such member IN GENERAL.-To obtain financial assist­ CE) the level of returns to the revolving (including all compensation for personnel ance from the Corporation, an entity shall- fund established under section 17. and consultants, expenses for computer be a university or other institution of (d) APPLICATION REVIEW PROCESS.- usage, or space needs of the Corporation higher education, a nonprofit organization, ( 1) IN GENERAL.-A Regional Director shall and similar expenses); and a cooperative, or a small business concern; work in consultation with an Advisory (2) reimbursement to members of the and Council to review and evaluate the propos­ Board for reasonable expenses that are in­ (B) file an application with the Regional als submitted to the Regional Center. curred in connection with the service of the Director of a Regional Center. (2) ADVISORY COUNCIL.-The Advisory Corporation. (2) DEFINITIONS.-As used in paragraph Council shall review proposals submitted to (c) LIMITATION.-Expenditures authorized (1): the Regional Centers. The Advisory Council under subsection <2) shall not be avail­ (A) NONPROFIT ORGANIZATION.-The term shall, by majority vote, make a nonbinding able- "nonprofit organization" means an organi­ recommendation on the proposal to the Re­ ( 1) for administrative expenses; zation that is- gional Director. (2) for the reimbursement of governmen­ (i) described in section 501(c) of the Inter­ (3) REGIONAL DIRECTOR.-The Regional Di­ tal agencies for the salaries of personnel of nal Revenue Code of 1986; and rector, on consideration of the Advisory such agencies detailed to the Corporation; (ii) exempt from taxation under section Council's recommendation and any other or 501(a) of such Code. comments received from interested parties, (3) for operating expenses. (B) SMALL BUSINESS CONCERN.-The term shall make and submit the Director's recom­ REAL PR.oPERTY.-Funds authorized for "small business concern" shall have the mendation to the Board along with the rec­ administrative expenditures shall not be same meaning given such term in section ommendation of the Advisory Council. available for the acquisition of real proper­ 3(a) of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. (4) CORPORATE BOARD.-The Board shall, by ty. 632(a)) and in implementing rules issued by majority vote, make the final decision on SEC. 13. CRIMINAL SANCTIONS. the Administrator of the Small Business Ad­ whether and how to provide assistance to Section 1905 of title 18, United States ministration under such section. the applicant. Code, shall apply- (b) APPLICATION.-An application submit­ (5) CONFIDENTIALITY.-The Board shall es­ <1 > to Directors, officers, and employees of ted to the Regional Director under subsec­ tablish procedures that shall ensure the the Corporation as if they were officers or tion (a) shall- confidentiality of applications submitted employees of the United States; and ( 1 > describe the proposal of the entity for under this section. (2) to the Corporation as if it were a Fed­ the commercialization of a new product con­ (e) NOTICE OF APPLICATIONS.-The Board eral agency. sistent with this section, including documen­ shall publish in the Federal Register a SEC. 14. FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE. tation that such proposal is- notice that it is receiving applications for as­ IN GENERAL.- The Corporation, ( A) scientifically sound; sistance under this Act not later than 30 through the Regional Directors, in accord­ (B) technologically feasible; and days prior to the period established for re­ ance with the criteria provided for in sec­ (C) marketable; ceipt of such applications. tion 15, may provide, to projects for the (2) provide documentation that adequate SEC. 16. REPAYMENT OF FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE. commercialization of new, nonfood, nonfeed private sector funding is not available, but (a) REPAYMENT.- An entity receiving fi­ products using agricultural and forestry that the applicant has the ability to obtain matching funds from the public or private nancial assistance under this Act shall repay commodities, financial assistance in the the Corporation in accordance with the con­ form of- sectors; <1) loans made or insured by the Corpora­ (3) provide documentation that the appli­ tract between the Corporation and the tion (backed by the full faith and credit of cant's own resources, including time and entity. the United States>; money, have been invested in the project; (b) WAIVERs.-The Board may waive the <2> interest subsidy payments made by the (4) provide documentation that the prod­ repayment of financial assistance for such Corporation to the lender equal to an uct or process has broad application and has reasonable grounds as the Board may from amount determined pursuant to and agree­ the potential to be commercially viable time to time determine. ment between the Corporation, the lender, without continual assistance; (C) MAXIMUM REPAYMENT TIME LIMIT.-Fi­ and the borrower; (5) provide documentation that the pro­ nancial assistance made available under this (3) venture capital invested by the Corpo­ posal will be carried out with broad partici­ Act shall have a maximum repayment ration in the form of a convertible deben­ pation by representatives of the sectors de­ period that is not in excess of 12 years. tqre; scribed in section 6(d)(2); SEC. 17. REVOLVING FUND. <4> repayable grants that are matched by (6 ) provide documentation that the mana­ (a) ESTABLISHMENT.-There is established private, State or local public funds and that gerial ability or established relationship a revolving fund to be administered by the are repaid as agreed in a contract between exists between the applicant and other enti­ Board as provided for in this section. the Corporation and entity; and ties to give the applicant access to private Cb) CoNTENTs.- Funds received by the Re­ <5> umbrella bonding. business assistance; gional Centers under section 16 as a result (b) DISCRETIONARY FuNDS.- The Board (7 ) provide assurances of legal compliance of any financial assistance made pursuant may establish a discretionary fund for each by the applicant with the terms and condi­ to this Act, shall be converted into and Regional Center of not more than 1 percent tions for the recipt of assistance under this become a part of the revolving fund estab­ of the amounts made available to carry out Act; and lishment under subsection (a). this section. Such funds shall be used for ac­ (8) provide assurances that the proposal (c) UsE OF FUND.- The revolving fund es­ tivities related to financial assistance de­ will result in the creation of new jobs in tablished under subsection (a) shall be avail­ scribed under this section and section 15. rural areas. able, as provided in appropriation Acts, to Each 6 months, a regional Director shall (C) SELECTION CRITERIA.- provide financial assistance under sections 5008 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 20, 1989 14 and 15, and to pay for the costs of oper­ Program Administration, Office for for the Disadvantaged, Special Pro­ ation as provided for in section 5. Civil Rights, and Office of the Inspec­ grams, Impact Aid, Bilingual Educa­ (d) CONTRIBUTIONS.-Amounts received tor General), Special Institutions