An Amazing 1969 Account of the Stonewall Uprising

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

An Amazing 1969 Account of the Stonewall Uprising An Amazing 1969 Account of the Stonewall Uprising GARANCE FRANKE- RUTA THE ATLANTIC JAN 24, 2013 Despite progress, the circumstances that gave rise to the rebellion that began the contemporary gay rights movement haven't changed as much as we might think. When President Obama briefly mentioned Stonewall during his Inaugural address, it prompted a lot of chatter about of the Stonewall riot and his historic adoption of the gay rights cause as his own. But what happened at the Stonewall Inn, really? New York papers tend to call it the Stonewall uprising, not the Stonewall riot, because it played out as six days of skirmishes between young gay, lesbian, and transgender individuals and the New York Police Department in the wake of a police raid of the Christopher Street bar in Manhattan's West Village. The raid came amid a broader police crackdown on gay bars for operating without N. Y. State Liquor Authority licenses, which was something they did only because the SLA refused to grant bars that served gays licenses, forcing them to operate as illegal saloons. Into that void stepped opportunists and Mafia affiliates, who ran the unlicensed establishments and reputedly had deals with the police to stay in business. But on the night of June 27, 1969, a police raid on the Stonewall involving the arrests of 13 people inside the bar met unexpected resistance when a crowd gathered and one of those arrested, a woman, cried out to the assembled bystanders as she was shoved into a paddy wagon, "Why don't you guys do something!" The conflict over the next six days played out as a very gay variant of a classic New York street rebellion. It would see: fire hoses turned on people in the street, thrown barricades, gay cheerleaders chanting bawdy variants of New York City schoolgirl songs, Rockette-style kick lines in front of the police, the throwing of a firebomb into the bar, a police officer throwing his gun at the mob, cries of "occupy -- take over, take over," "Fag power," "Liberate the bar!", and "We're the pink panthers!", smashed windows, uprooted parking meters, thrown pennies, frightened policemen, angry policemen, arrested mafiosi, thrown cobblestones, thrown bottles, the singing of "We Shall Overcome" in high camp fashion, and a drag queen hitting a police officer on the head with her purse. The New York Post reported on June 28, 1969, that hundreds outside the bar had been observed chanting "Gay Power" and "We Want Freedom." David Carter, a historian and author of Stonewall: The Riots That Sparked the Gay Revolution has compiled “An Analytical Collation of Accounts and Documents Recorded in the Year 1969 Concerning the Stonewall Riots," from which the above anecdotes are drawn. Also included in the document roundup is this account by Dick Leitsch, then the executive director of the Mattachine Society of New York, the first gay group to ever hold a picket in the city in the early 1960s. He was also the first gay journalist to describe what happened at Stonewall, dropping his packing for a planned trip to London to spend time on the scene. Coming on the heels of the raids of the Snake Pit and the Sewer, and the closing of the Checkerboard, the Tele-Star and other clubs, the Stonewall raid looked to many like part of an effort to close all gay bars and clubs in the Village. It may be true that the Checkerboard and Tele- Star died without police assistance. (It is said that the woman who managed the Checkerboard came in one night, ordered all the customers out of the place, cleaned out the cash register and called the police to get rid of those customers who stayed around.) It is very likely that the Sewer and the Snake Pit were raided because they had no licenses, as the police said. But how are people in the street and the customers of the places to know that? The police don't bother to explain or send press releases to the papers (and when they do, the papers make it seem that the bar was raided because it was gay.)... Since 1965 the homosexual community of New York has been treated quite well by the City Administration and the police have either reformed or been kept in line by Lindsay and Leary.... Now we've walked in the open and know how pleasant it is to have self-respect and to be treated as citizens and human beings. ...We want to stay in the sunlight from now on. Efforts to force us back in the closet could be disastrous for all concerned. The above, while a true evaluation of the situation does not explain why the raid on the Stonewall caused such a strong reaction. Why the Stonewall, and not the Sewer or the Snake Pit? The answer lies, we believe, in the unique nature of the Stonewall. This club was more than a dance bar, more than just a gay gathering place. It catered largely to a group of people who are not welcome in, or cannot afford, other places of homosexual social gathering. The "drags" and the "queens", two groups which would find a chilly reception or a barred door at most of the other gay bars and clubs, formed the "regulars" at the Stonewall. To a large extent, the club was for them.... Apart from the Goldbug and the One Two Three, "drags" and "queens" had no place but the Stonewall.... Another group was even more dependent on the Stonewall: the very young homosexuals and those with no other homes. You've got to be 18 to buy a drink in a bar, and gay life revolved around bars. Where do you go if you are 17 or 16 and gay? The "legitimate" bars won't let you in the place, and gay restaurants and the streets aren't very sociable. Then too, there are hundreds of young homosexuals in New York who literally have no home. Most of them are between 16 and 25, and came here from other places without jobs, money or contacts. Many of them are running away from unhappy homes (one boy told us, "My father called me 'cocksucker so many times, I thought it was my name."). Another said his parents fought so much over which of them "made" him a homosexual that he left so they could learn to live together. Some got thrown out of school or the service for being gay and couldn't face going home. Some were even thrown out of their homes with only the clothes on their backs by ignorant, intolerant parents who'd rather see their kid dead than homosexual. They came to New York with the clothes on their backs. Some of them hustled, or had skills enough to get a job. Others weren't attractive enough to hustle, and didn't manage to fall in with people who could help them. Some of them, giddy at the openness of gay life in New York, got caught up in it and some are on pills and drugs. Some are still wearing the clothes in which they came here a year or more ago. Jobless and without skills--without decent clothes to wear to a job interview--they live in the streets, panhandling or shoplifting for the price of admission to the Stonewall. That was the one advantage to the place--for $3.00 admission, one could stay inside, out of the winter's cold or the summer heat, all night long. Not only was the Stonewall better climatically, but it also saved the kids from spending the night in a doorway or from getting arrested as vagrants. Three dollars isn't too hard to get panhandling, and nobody hustled drinks in the Stonewall. Once the admission price was paid, one could drink or not, as he chose. The Stonewall became "home" to these kids. When it was raided, they fought for it. That, and the fact that they had nothing to lose other than the most tolerant and broadminded gay place in town, explains why the Stonewall riots were begun, led and spearheaded by "queens". In short, in this account, the Stonewall operated as a sort of de facto community center for gay youth rendered homeless by familial and institutional rejection, who had taken refuge in New York City in hopes of finding a place where they could be in the world. This continues, decades later, to be a major problem, according to a study by the Williams Institute, which found in 2012 that about 40 percent of clients served by 354 youth service agencies were gay, lesbian, bisexual, or transgender, and that the top reasons they were homeless were that they ran away in the face of family rejection or were kicked out by parents who could not accept their sexual orientation or gender identities. As Obama's comments showed, there's been a lot of progress on the acceptance of sexual minorities since the Stonewall era. But there's still a long way to go until the background of ill- treatment of young LGBT people that helped give rise to the Stonewall rebellion ceases to be a problem. ABOUT THE AUTHOR GARANCE FRANKE-RUTA is a former senior editor covering national politics at The Atlantic. .
Recommended publications
  • When Did You Become Gay?
    1 | AN INTRODUCTION TO WHAT I HEAR WHEN YOU SAY Deeply ingrained in human nature is a tendency to organize, classify, and categorize our complex world. Often, this is a good thing. This ability helps us make sense of our environment and navigate unfamiliar landscapes while keeping us from being overwhelmed by the constant stream of new information and experiences. When we apply this same impulse to social interactions, however, it can be, at best, reductive and, at worst, dangerous. Seeing each other through the lens of labels and stereotypes prevents us from making authentic connections and understanding each other’s experiences. Through the initiative, What I Hear When You Say ( WIHWYS ), we explore how words can both divide and unite us and learn more about the complex and everchanging ways that language shapes our expectations, opportunities, and social privilege. WIHWYS ’s interactive multimedia resources challenge what we think we know about race, class, gender, and identity, and provide a dynamic digital space where we can raise difficult questions, discuss new ideas, and share fresh perspectives. 1 | Introduction WHEN DID YOU BECOME GAY? if you don’t have an answer it doesn’t make you any less gay, it doesn’t make you any less queer or less trans be- “ cause we’re all evolving and we all change, and we don’t have this one day on our calendar where we suddenly understood everything. Kristin Russo, Activist / YouTube def•i•ni•tion of, relating to, or exhibiting sexual desire or behavior direct- GAY [gey] adjective ed toward a person or persons of one’s own sex.
    [Show full text]
  • Legacy, Vol. 17, 2017
    2017 A Journal of Student Scholarship A Publication of the Sigma Kappa Chapter of Phi Alpha Theta A Publication of the Sigma Kappa & the Southern Illinois University Carbondale History Department & the Southern Illinois University Volume 17 Volume LEGACY • A Journal of Student Scholarship • Volume 17 • 2017 LEGACY Volume 17 2017 A Journal of Student Scholarship Editorial Staff Denise Diliberto Geoff Lybeck Gray Whaley Faculty Editor Hale Yılmaz The editorial staff would like to thank all those who supported this issue of Legacy, especially the SIU Undergradute Student Government, Phi Alpha Theta, SIU Department of History faculty and staff, our history alumni, our department chair Dr. Jonathan Wiesen, the students who submitted papers, and their faculty mentors Professors Jo Ann Argersinger, Jonathan Bean, José Najar, Joseph Sramek and Hale Yılmaz. A publication of the Sigma Kappa Chapter of Phi Alpha Theta & the History Department Southern Illinois University Carbondale history.siu.edu © 2017 Department of History, Southern Illinois University All rights reserved LEGACY Volume 17 2017 A Journal of Student Scholarship Table of Contents The Effects of Collegiate Gay Straight Alliances in the 1980s and 1990s Alicia Mayen ....................................................................................... 1 Students in the Carbondale, Illinois Civil Rights Movement Bryan Jenks ...................................................................................... 15 The Crisis of Legitimacy: Resistance, Unity, and the Stamp Act of 1765,
    [Show full text]
  • View PDF File
    LESBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, AND TRANSGENDER 2017 HERITAGE MONTH CITY OF LOS ANGELES LOS ANGELES CITY COUNCIL CULTURAL AFFAIRS Eric Garcetti Herb J. Wesson, Jr. COMMISSION Mayor District 10 Eric Paquette President Mike Feuer President Los Angeles City Attorney Gilbert Cedillo Charmaine Jefferson District 1 Ron Galperin Vice President Los Angeles City Controller Paul Krekorian Jill Cohen District 2 Thien Ho Bob Blumenfield Josefina Lopez District 3 Elissa Scrafano David Ryu John Wirfs District 4 Paul Koretz CITY OF LOS ANGELES District 5 DEPARTMENT OF Nury Martinez CULTURAL AFFAIRS District 6 Danielle Brazell Vacant General Manager District 7 Daniel Tarica Marqueece Harris-Dawson Assistant General Manager District 8 Will Caperton y Montoya Curren D. Price, Jr. Director of Marketing and Development District 9 Mike Bonin CALENDAR PRODUCTION District 11 Will Caperton y Montoya Mitchell Englander Editor and Art Director District 12 Marcia Harris Mitch O’Farrell PMAC District 13 Jose Huizar CALENDAR DESIGN District 14 Rubén Esparza, Red Studios Joe Buscaino PMAC District 15 Front Cover: Hector Silva, Los Novios, Pencil, colored pencil on 2 ply museum board, 22” x 28”, 2017 LESBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, AND TRANSGENDER 2017 HERITAGE MONTH ERIC GARCETTI MAYOR CITY OF LOS ANGELES Dear Friends, It is my pleasure to lead Los Angeles in celebrating Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) Heritage Month and the immense contributions that our city’s LGBT residents make in the arts, academia, and private, public, and nonprofit sectors. I encourage Angelenos to take full advantage of this Calendar and Cultural Guide created by our Department of Cultural Affairs highlighting the many activities happening all over L.A.
    [Show full text]
  • Summer Library Events & Classes
    Palm Springs We present another IMPORTANT MILESTONES IN HISTORY: IMPORTANT MILESTONES IN HISTORY: PUBLIC season of classes, films 50th Anniversary of the and lectures for you 50th Anniversary of the Stonewall Riots Apollo 11 Moon Landing Library to enjoy. We take your suggestions and areas The Stonewall riots (also referred of interest and try to to as the Stonewall uprising or create a lineup that the Stonewall rebellion) served J u n e – A u g u s t is diverse and as a catalyst for the gay rights entertaining, yet fulfills movement. In the early hours 2 0 1 9 the yearning to learn On July 20, 1969, America and the world new things. A more detailed description of of June 28, 1969, New York watched as Astronauts Neil Armstrong and our programs is available on our web site City police raided the Stonewall Buzz Aldrin took mankind’s first steps on the calendar but our brochure provides an Inn, a gay club located in Greenwich Village in lunar surface. This unprecedented engineering, overview of the quarter’s planned events so New York City. Armed with a warrant, police that you can mark your calendar and plan scientific, and political achievement, secured our officers entered the club, roughed up patrons, ahead. Stay up-to-date by subscribing to Nation’s leadership in space for generations to and arrested 13 people; including employees our monthly electronic newsletter. Tell your come. The national goal set in 1961 by President and people violating the state’s gender- friends and plan to attend; we look forward John F.
    [Show full text]
  • Iglta-2019-Journal-Web.Pdf
    LET YOUR LEGEND BEGIN Your legendary vacation awaits at AULANI, A Disney Resort & Spa in Ko Olina, Hawai‘i. Enjoy some of Hawai‘i’s best pools and waterslides, the singing, dancing and storytelling of KA WA‘A, A Lū‘au and Aunty’s Beach House, a complimentary kids’ club for kids 3 and up. It’s only at AULANI Resort that Hawai‘i comes to life with new adventures, discoveries and a touch of Disney magic for the entire family. DisneyAulani.com ©Disney MISSION The mission of IGLTA is to provide information and resources for LGBTQ+ travelers and expand LGBTQ+ tourism globally by demonstrating its signifi cant social and economic impact. Brand USA is a proud sponsor of the 36th IGLTA Annual Global Convention. TABLE OF CONTENTS NYC Mayor WELCOME LETTER 7 NYC & Company WELCOME LETTER 9 Welcome from Our CEO 11 LOCAL IGLTA MEMBERS 12 Stonewall 50th Anniversary 15 Member Anniversaries 16 SPEAKERS 20 HOTEL MAP & 2019 Agenda 24 NYC Delegate Discount Pass 30 New Event Partner & New Board Member 34 IGLTA 2019 HONORS 36 IGLTAF VOLUNTOURISM DAY 38 IGLTAF SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM 46 IGLTAF Research 48 IGLTA’S OPERATIONS TEAM 50 Newest Global Partners 56 CONVENTION SPONSORS 58 GLOBAL PARTNERS 60 MEDIA PARTNERS 62 EVENT & MARKETING PARTNERS 64 ORGANIZATIONAL PARTNERS 66 PROMOTE YOUR BUSINESS 70 Cover photo credit: © NYC & Company/Julienne Schaer iglta.org 5 WELCOME TO NYC EVERYONE IS CELEBRATED HERE YOUR ULTIMATE RESOURCE FOR EVERYTHING NYC NYCGO.COM SM & Company 24-27 APRIL 2019 DRAG PERFORMER MARTI GOULD CUMMINGS Dear Friends: It is a great pleasure to welcome everyone to New York City for the IGLTA Annual Global Convention.
    [Show full text]
  • STONEWALL INN, 51-53 Christopher Street, Manhattan Built: 1843 (51), 1846 (53); Combined with New Façade, 1930; Architect, William Bayard Willis
    Landmarks Preservation Commission June 23, 2015, Designation List 483 LP-2574 STONEWALL INN, 51-53 Christopher Street, Manhattan Built: 1843 (51), 1846 (53); Combined with New Façade, 1930; architect, William Bayard Willis Landmark Site: Borough of Manhattan, Tax Map Block 610, Lot 1 in part consisting of the land on which the buildings at 51-53 Christopher Street are situated On June 23, 2015 the Landmarks Preservation Commission held a public hearing on the proposed designation of the Stonewall Inn as a New York City Landmark and the proposed designation of the related Landmark Site (Item No.1). The hearing had been duly advertised in accordance with the provisions of the law. Twenty-seven people testified in favor of the designation including Public Advocate Letitia James, Council Member Corey Johnson, Council Member Rosie Mendez, representatives of Comptroller Scott Stringer, Congressman Jerrold Nadler, Assembly Member Deborah Glick, State Senator Brad Hoylman, Manhattan Borough President Gale A. Brewer, Assembly Member Richard N. Gottfried, the Greenwich Village Society for Historic Preservation, the Real Estate Board of New York, the Historic Districts Council, the New York Landmarks Conservancy, the Family Equality Council, the National Trust for Historic Preservation, the National Parks Conservation Association, SaveStonewall.org, the Society for the Architecture of the City, and Parents and Friends of Lesbians and Gays, New York City, as well as three participants in the Stonewall Rebellion—Martin Boyce, Jim Fouratt, and Dr. Gil Horowitz (Dr. Horowitz represented the Stonewall Veterans Association)—and historians David Carter, Andrew Dolkart, and Ken Lustbader. In an email to the Commission on May 21, 2015 Benjamin Duell, of Duell LLC the owner of 51-53 Christopher Street, expressed his support for the designation.
    [Show full text]
  • Proclamation 7203—Gay and Lesbian Pride Month, 1999 June 11, 1999
    Administration of William J. Clinton, 1999 / June 11 1089 That work, too, can be dangerous for those was not received in time for publication in the who follow in your footsteps in the peace- appropriate issue. keeping missions. But it is very much in our interest to help them rebuild, and to draw Proclamation 7203ÐGay and togetherÐto teach them what we already Lesbian Pride Month, 1999 knowÐthat if they have something to look forward to and something to work for and June 11, 1999 something to get up in the morning and smile By the President of the United States about, it's a lot easier for people with super- of America ficial differences to find common interests. And so we have to be a part of that, as well. A Proclamation Whenever I come to Missouri, a State I've Thirty years ago this month, at the Stone- always loved, since I grew up to the south, wall Inn in New York City, a courageous in Arkansas, I think of President Truman, group of citizens resisted harassment and who was the President when I was born and mistreatment, setting in motion a chain of whom my family idolized. Congressman events that would become known as the Skelton knew Harry Truman, and I think that Stonewall Uprising and the birth of the mod- we would all admit that Harry Truman knew ern gay and lesbian civil rights movement. something about standing up for what he be- Gays and lesbians, their families and friends, lieved in. President Truman would be very, celebrate the anniversary of Stonewall every very proud of the Whiteman family today.
    [Show full text]
  • HIGHLIGHTS REPORT 2019 New Case in the Refreshed Exhibition FOOD: Transforming the American Table
    HIGHLIGHTS REPORT 2019 New case in the refreshed exhibition FOOD: Transforming the American Table MISSION Through incomparable collections, rigorous research and dynamic public outreach, we explore the infinite richness and complexity of American history. We help people understand the past in order to make sense of the present and shape a more humane future. 2 National Museum of American History We are deeply grateful for another year of sharing this remarkable National Museum of American History with our millions of visitors, both in Washington, D.C., and online. In 2019, we recognized several major anniversaries through stimulating exhibitions and programs that helped us contemplate moments that have shaped the nation’s history and still influence us today. The Museum examined the 150th anniversary of The future is also one that is increasingly digital in the Transcontinental Railroad, centennial of the 19th expression and experience. This report describes the Amendment’s passage, 75th anniversary of D-Day, steps taken by the Museum and Smithsonian Institution and 50th anniversary of the Stonewall uprising. as a whole to make our vast collections more readily In addition, we celebrated the Smithsonian Year of available to our audiences. The general public, students, Music, an institution-wide initiative to increase public teachers and researchers around the world will now engagement, advance understanding and connect have online access to millions of objects that can communities globally. stimulate ongoing learning and inspire new generations. This is an exciting time of reflection and change at the As director and board chairman, respectively, we are Museum. We take the opportunity not only to review each committed to the Museum with tireless and our accomplishments but also to explore ways to share empathetic attention.
    [Show full text]
  • Stonewall Riots Teaching Guide
    AMULET BOOKS TEACHING GUIDE OVERVIEW The Stonewall Riots: Coming Out in the Streets highlights the objects, places, and people influential to one of the most impactful moments in the LGBTQ+ rights movement in the United States. This guide is meant to support students in understanding the complexities of historical injustice, resistance, and community activism as related to the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer/Questioning uprising on June 28 and 29, 1969. While the latter nights are notorious for the clashes between LGBTQ+ communities and police, resulting in violence and anger, the text focuses on the historical timeline that fueled this uprising and eventually sparked a revolution. The historical and sociological impacts of location, race, class, media, stereotypes, and approaches to activism are all captured through the lens of images and objects pertinent to New York City, the Stonewall Riots, and the LGBTQ+ community. BEFORE READING Terminology Checkpoint individuals with specific knowledge or experience teaching Language is constantly evolving to represent the various about LGBTQ+ history to be interviewed by the class. viewpoints, peoples, and experiences of a given social Make sure students ask their subject about their knowl- world respectfully. The identifying language referring to edge of terminology and LGBTQ+ history, including the the communities most influential to the Stonewall Riots Stonewall Riots. has evolved since 1969. In this text LGBT is used to refer to the communities involved in the Stonewall Riots during Respect Check that time in history, where LGBTQ+ is used to refer to Using a person’s chosen name and desired pronouns is a contemporary times (page two).
    [Show full text]
  • Programs & Exhibitions
    PROGRAMS & EXHIBITIONS Winter/Spring 2019 To purchase tickets by phone call (212) 485-9268 letter | exhibitions | calendar | programs | family | membership | general information Dear Friends, New-York Historical’s Winter/Spring 2019 roster of exhibitions and programs brings some of today’s most vexed discussions and debates—around the environment, the presidency, the Supreme Court, LGBTQ rights, race relations, and more—into enlightening and constructive dialogue with our nation’s history. Hudson Rising, on view in our Robert H. and Clarice Smith Gallery, explores two centuries of change along “the most interesting river in America.” Stonewall 50, presented in our Pam and Scott Schafler Gallery, commemorates the 50th anniversary of the 1969 Stonewall uprising with a focus on LGBTQ culture. Augusta Savage: Renaissance Woman, presented in our Luman Reed Galleries, showcases the work of an artist of the Harlem Renaissance who overcame poverty, racism, and sexual discrimination to become one of the nation’s most influential 20th-century artists. We are proud to feature Stonewall 50 and Augusta Savage as part of our ongoing examination of the history of civil rights in America, an initiative generously funded by the New York City Council as well as Empire State Development and the New York State Council on the Arts under Governor Andrew Cuomo’s Regional Economic Development Council Initiative. This season’s Bernard and Irene Schwartz Distinguished Speakers Series will reflect many of the topics and themes raised by our exhibitions, with conversations between U.S. Senator Doug Jones and Eddie Glaude Jr. on Senator Jones’ prosecution of two former Ku Klux Klan members; legal scholars Kenji Yoshino and Linda Greenhouse on how LGBTQ rights have evolved in the 50 years since the Stonewall uprising; and New-York Historical Presidential historian Douglas Brinkley and author John A.
    [Show full text]
  • Lgbtq Student Resource Center Suggested Book and Video List
    LGBTQ STUDENT RESOURCE CENTER SUGGESTED BOOK AND VIDEO LIST Books Author Title Year ISBN Anderson, Eric In The Game: Gay Athletes And The Cult Of 2005 978-0791465349 Masculinity (S U N Y Series on Sport, Culture, and Social Relations) Arnold, Madelyn Bird-Eyes (Stonewall Inn Editions) 2000 9780312262945 Ball, Carlos From the Closet to the Courtroom: Five LGBT 2010 978-0807001530 Rights Lawsuits That Have Changed Our Nation (Queer Ideas/Queer Action) Bauer, Marion Dane Am I Blue?: Coming Out from the Silence 1995 978-0064405874 Bishop, Anne Becoming an Ally: Breaking the Cycle of 2002 978-1842772256 Oppression in People Blow, Charles M Fire Shut Up in My Bones 2014 978-1491530214 Bohlin-Davis, Odell Breaking Silence: Coming-Out Letters 1995 978-0963829559 Bono, Chaz Transition: The Story of How I Became a Man 2011 978-0452298002 Brame,William, Different Loving: The World of Sexual 2011 978-0679769569 Brame,Gloria and Dominance and Submission Jacob, Jon Brown, Angela Mentsh: On Being Jewish and Queer 2004 978-1555838508 Brown, Rita Mae Rubyfruit Jungle 1973 978-1101965122 Brown, Rita Mae Alma Mater 2007 978-0345455321 Burns, Amy Jo Cinderland 2014 978-0807037034 Chbosky, Stephen Perks of Being a Wallflower, The 2010 978-1451696196 Creech, Jimmy Adam's Gift: A Memoir of a Pastor's Calling to 2011 978-0822348856 Defy the Church's Persecution of Lesbians and Gays Hertz, Frederick and A Legal Guide for Lesbian and Gay Couples (16th 2012 978-1413316810 Doskow, Emily Edition) Evans, Nancy Beyond Tolerance: Gays, Lesbians and Bisexuals 1991 978-1556200885 on Campus (American College Personnel Association Series) Green, Jamison Becoming a Visible Man 2004 978-0826514578 Harris, E Lynn Freedom in This Village: Twenty-Five Years of 2005 978-0786713875 Black Gay Men's Writing hooks, bell Feminism Is for Everybody: Passionate Politics 2014 978-0745317335 (2nd Edition) Howey, Noelle Dress Codes: Of Three Girlhoods---My Mother's, 2003 978-0312422202 My Father's, and Mine Humm, Maggie Dictionary of Feminist Theory (2nd Edition) 1995 978-0814206676 Dev.
    [Show full text]
  • This Transcript Was Exported on Jul 02, 2019 - View Latest Version Here
    This transcript was exported on Jul 02, 2019 - view latest version here. Announcer: Major funding for BackStory is provided by an anonymous donor, the National Endowment for the Humanities and the Joseph and Robert Cornell Memorial Foundation. Speaker 2: From Virginia Humanities, this is BackStory. Nathan: We're going to start today's show in the wee hours of the 28th of June 1969 with a police raid on a gay bar. A raid which would set off an earthquake that is still being registered today. Lillian F.: From all accounts it was a shabby place with watered down drinks, much too expensive. But I think that gay men, in particular, and a few lesbians, loved the place because of the dance floor, which I have heard from a number of people who habituated the place that it was the best dance floor in all of New York for gay people. Nathan: That's the LGBTQ scholar, Lillian Faderman. The name of the bar she's describing has entered the iconography of gay life. Lillian F.: Officially, it wasn't even a bar. They did not have a liquor license. It was supposed to be a private club and when you came you were supposed to sign in. People signed in with names such as Donald Duck and Mickey Mouse. And that was the way the mob supposedly got around getting a liquor license. Nathan: Run by the mob, the shabby Stonewall Inn was about to become a flash point in the battle over gay rights. Speaker 2: Christopher Mitchell is researching New York City's queer economic and cultural history from the 1940s to the 1970s.
    [Show full text]