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An Analysis of the Afar-Somali Conflict in Ethiopia and Djibouti
Regional Dynamics of Inter-ethnic Conflicts in the Horn of Africa: An Analysis of the Afar-Somali Conflict in Ethiopia and Djibouti DISSERTATION ZUR ERLANGUNG DER GRADES DES DOKTORS DER PHILOSOPHIE DER UNIVERSTÄT HAMBURG VORGELEGT VON YASIN MOHAMMED YASIN from Assab, Ethiopia HAMBURG 2010 ii Regional Dynamics of Inter-ethnic Conflicts in the Horn of Africa: An Analysis of the Afar-Somali Conflict in Ethiopia and Djibouti by Yasin Mohammed Yasin Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree PHILOSOPHIAE DOCTOR (POLITICAL SCIENCE) in the FACULITY OF BUSINESS, ECONOMICS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES at the UNIVERSITY OF HAMBURG Supervisors Prof. Dr. Cord Jakobeit Prof. Dr. Rainer Tetzlaff HAMBURG 15 December 2010 iii Acknowledgments First and foremost, I would like to thank my doctoral fathers Prof. Dr. Cord Jakobeit and Prof. Dr. Rainer Tetzlaff for their critical comments and kindly encouragement that made it possible for me to complete this PhD project. Particularly, Prof. Jakobeit’s invaluable assistance whenever I needed and his academic follow-up enabled me to carry out the work successfully. I therefore ask Prof. Dr. Cord Jakobeit to accept my sincere thanks. I am also grateful to Prof. Dr. Klaus Mummenhoff and the association, Verein zur Förderung äthiopischer Schüler und Studenten e. V., Osnabruck , for the enthusiastic morale and financial support offered to me in my stay in Hamburg as well as during routine travels between Addis and Hamburg. I also owe much to Dr. Wolbert Smidt for his friendly and academic guidance throughout the research and writing of this dissertation. Special thanks are reserved to the Department of Social Sciences at the University of Hamburg and the German Institute for Global and Area Studies (GIGA) that provided me comfortable environment during my research work in Hamburg. -
Report Twenty-Sixth Session of the Comcec
OIC/COMCEC/26-10/REP COMCEC Standing Committee for Economic and Commercial Cooperation of the Organization of the Islamic Conference REPORT TWENTY-SIXTH SESSION OF THE COMCEC İstanbul, 5-8 October 2010 COMCEC Coordination Office Ankara, October 2010 1 Address: COMCEC Coordination Office State Planning Organization Necatibey Cad. 108 Ankara-TURKEY Phone : 90-312-294 55 10 Fax : 90-312-294 55 77 Website: http://www.comcec.org e-mail : comcec @ dpt.gov.tr 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS P A R T O N E Page RESOLUTIONS OF THE OIC FORMING THE BASIS AND GUIDING THE ACTIVITIES OF THE STANDING COMMITTEE FOR ECONOMIC AND COMMERCIAL COOPERATION OF THE OIC I. Resolution adopted at the Third Islamic Summit Conference Establishing the Standing Committees of the OIC chaired by Heads of State ............................................ 9 II. Final Communique of the Fourth Islamic Summit Conference Entrusting the Chairmanship of the Standing Committee for Economic and Commercial Cooperation to the President of the Republic of Turkey ............................. 11 III. Resolution No. 1/11-E (IS) on the Activities of the Standing Committee for Economic and Commercial Cooperation (COMCEC) .................................................... 13 P A R T T W O LIST OF BASIC DOCUMENTS AND REPORT OF THE TWENTY-SIXTH SESSION OF THE STANDING COMMITTEE FOR ECONOMIC AND COMMERCIAL COOPERATION I. List of Basic Documents Considered and/or Presented at the Twenty-sixth Session of the COMCEC ......................... 23 II. Report of the Twenty-sixth Session of the COMCEC......... 29 3 Page A N N E X E S 1. List of Participants of the Twenty-sixth Session of the COMCEC...................................................................................... 43 2. -
The Sub-Regional Management of an Internal Conflict in Africa: an Analysis of Djibouti Peace Initiative in the Somali Conflict (May-August, 2000) ^
K ^ U S E in t h e ubkakv oNtr A l THE SUB-REGIONAL MANAGEMENT OF AN INTERNAL CONFLICT IN AFRICA: AN ANALYSIS OF DJIBOUTI PEACE INITIATIVE IN THE SOMALI CONFLICT (MAY-AUGUST, 2000) ^ BY HASSAN FARAH U HIRWA A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN INTERNATIONAL STUDIES AT THE INSTITUTE OF DIPLOMACY AND INTERNATIONAL'STUDIES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI tiJjVSRSlTV OF NAIROBI tAb( AFRICANA COLLECTION OCTOBER 2001 DECLARATION This dissertation is my original work and has not been submitted for a degree to any university. Q.Ck/2^.. f Hassan Fa rah Shirwa Date This dissertation has been submitted for examination with my approval ‘\s a university supervisor UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI 6AS f AFkICANA COLLECTION Lj. r d Zbo I Date 1 DEDICATION To my mum and dad 11 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost, I would like to thank Allah who gave me this opportunity to study. Second, I would like to acknowledge with gratitude all those people who helped in executing this remarkable work, particularly those who are not mentioned here. My sincere gratitude goes to my supervisor, Dr. Makumi Mwagiru for his tireless effort in guiding me to accomplish this work on time. Had not been his support, guidance and co-operation, the work would have been extremely difficulty. I am also very grateful to German Academic Exchange Seivice for sponsoring my studies. They have been really very honest in word and deed in supporting my studies. 1 particularly thank Ms. Katherina Wanjohi-Bur and Ms. -
25 Th Session of the COMCEC
OIC/COMCEC/25-09/REP COMCEC Standing Committee for Economic and Commercial Cooperation of the Organization of the Islamic Conference REPORT TWENTY-FIFTH SESSION OF THE COMCEC AND COMCEC ECONOMIC SUMMIT İstanbul, 5-9 November 2009 COMCEC Coordination Office Ankara, November 2009 Address: COMCEC Coordination Office State Planning Organization Necatibey Cad. 108 Ankara-TURKEY Phone : 90-312-294 55 10 Fax : 90-312-294 55 77 Website: http://www.comcec.org e-mail : comcec @ dpt.gov.tr TABLE OF CONTENTS P A R T O N E Page RESOLUTIONS OF THE OIC FORMING THE BASIS AND GUIDING THE ACTIVITIES OF THE STANDING COMMITTEE FOR ECONOMIC AND COMMERCIAL COOPERATION OF THE OIC I. Resolution adopted at the Third Islamic Summit Conference Establishing the Standing Committees of the OIC chaired by Heads of States .......................................... 9 II. Final Communique of the Fourth Islamic Summit Conference Entrusting the Chairmanship of the Standing Committee for Economic and Commercial Cooperation to the President of the Republic of Turkey ............................. 11 III. Resolution No. 1/11-E (IS) on the Activities of the Standing Committee for Economic and Commercial Cooperation (COMCEC) .................................................... 12 P A R T T W O LIST OF BASIC DOCUMENTS AND REPORT OF THE TWENTY-FIFTH SESSION OF THE STANDING COMMITTEE FOR ECONOMIC AND COMMERCIAL COOPERATION I. List of Basic Documents Considered and/or Presented at the Twenty-fifth Session of the COMCEC.......................... 23 II. Report of the Twenty-fifth Session of the COMCEC.......... 29 3 Page A N N E X E S 1. List of Participants of the Twenty-fifth Session of the COMCEC..................................................................................... -
LIST of PARTICIPANTS of the TWENTY-FIFTH SESSION of the COMCEC (Istanbul, 5 – 7 November 2009)
OIC/COMCEC/25–09/LP Original : English LIST OF PARTICIPANTS OF THE TWENTY-FIFTH SESSION OF THE COMCEC (Istanbul, 5 – 7 November 2009) A. MEMBER STATES OF THE OIC ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF AFGHANISTAN - H.E. Dr. MUHAMMED CELİL SHAMS Minister of Economy - ABDUL QADIER NUR - Director , Multilateral Relations and IFIs , Ministry of Foreign Affairs REPUBLIC OF ALBANIA - Mr. DURIM KRAJA Secretary General - Mr. DRITAN HYLLI General Director of Politics PEOPLE’S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ALGERIA - H.E. LACHEMI DJAABOUB Minister of Trade - Mr. SIDI MOHAMED GAOUAR Chief Supervisor of Regional Trade Agreements and Cooperation, Ministry of Commerce - Mr. SAID DJELLAB Director, Ministry of Commerce - Mr. OMAR GUETARNI Deputy Director, Free Zone, Ministry of Foreign Affairs - Mr. ENWER BENGUERNANE Deputy Director of Trade Relations - Mr. BORHEN EDDINE MESSAADIA Head of Department - Melle HADDA TOUATI Diplomatic Advisor in Charge of Economic Affairs - Mr. ABBES BELFATMI Deputy Chairman in Istanbul - Mr. HADJ MAKHLOUFI Protocol Relations 49 OIC/COMCEC/25–09/LP REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN - Mr. ABID SERIFOV Deputy Prime Minister of Republic of Azerbaijan - H.E. SEVINC HASANOVA Deputy Minister of Economic Development - Mr. SAMIR AHMEDOV Consul of the Consulate General in Istanbul KINGDOM OF BAHRAIN - H.E. Dr. EBRAHIM YOUSEF AL-ABDULLAH Ambassador of the Kingdom of Bahrain in Turkey - H.E. FOUAD ALI DARWISH Ambassador, Acting Director of International Organizations Directorate - Mr. HAMAD WAHEED SAYYAR Second Secretary at the Embassy of Bahrain in Ankara - Mr. MOHAMED AHMED AL-HEJAZEY Third Secretary - Mr. HASAN RASHDAN Diplomatic Attaché PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF BANGLADESH - H.E. MOHAMMAD ISHTIAQ Ambassador of Republic of Bangladesh in Turkey - Mr. -
Comcec/25-09/Rep
OIC/COMCEC/25-09/REP C O M C E C () ! " (-..* , /%+ *(' #$%&) +,,- * ' /%& $ !"# . Necatibey Cad. 108 Ankara-TURKEY Phone : 90-312-294 55 10 90-312-294 55 03 Fax : 90-312-294 55 77 Website : http://www.comcec.org e-mail : [email protected] ! " # $ # %&$ ' () * ............................................................................. ! " # $ % & ............+ , '# ( ()* " 2) 34 5$0 $ 1 # --/- .(9+) 6 !70 6 ( ()* + , - ./ (12) ! " # %&$- ' .9+ $" " < ,6 2 ;/ 0 1 ) ............................................. 9+ $" & < () * ...............................9+ $" & < 6 +$ ) + , = > &4 ?6* @5& .........................................................?6* 4? 6 =9+ A" 0 =B; ?# +; 6 " + ....................................................................?6* 4? 6 ?6* 4? 6 = 9 = ? ?; + " + = < 6E =+ > C D$ " + ....................................................................?6* 4? 6 ...............................................9+ $" & < ; + 6 % FE ? =B; '+? 2"6 30 @5& 0 + " = , 30 @5& ........................................................................... () .......................... – 9+ 0 G # ..................................9+ $" & < ) .............................................< $ & H* 6 3E 0 II" E " ; 5 ? $ 5& ................................................ 6 !70 + , 6 I I 2 30 " & ........................................................... & < <I ....9+ )* -
Traditional Irrigation Systems and Methods of Water
[Cover – drawing 1 (water well and man)] Documentary study on models of traditional irrigation systems & methods of water harvesting in Hadramout & Shabwah governorates 1 Yemen Documentary study on models of traditional irrigation systems & methods of water harvesting in Hadramout & Shabwah governorates Prepared by: Eng. Salem Abdullah Baquhaizel, Environment Protection Council, Technical Secretariat, Hadramout Eng. Ibrahim Ahmed Saeed, Environment Protection Council, Technical Secretariat, Aden Dr. Mohammed Salem bin Ghouth, Aden University, Education College, Mukalla December 1996 © 1996 Eng. Salem Abdullah Baquhaizel, Eng. Ibrahim Ahmed Saeed © 2011 Eng. Salem Abdullah Baquhaizel, Eng. Ibrahim Ahmed Saeed. Printed edition in English and Arabic of original report from 1996. Translation: Alice Hackman, Frank van Steenbergen Drawings: Akram Abdullah Baquhaizel Design and printing: Abdessalam Al-Nadji Arabic and English printed issue Coordination: Job P. Kleijn Embassy of Kingdom of The Netherlands Production: Loukie Levert, Levert Culture & Communication Frank van Steenbergen, MetaMeta In the name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate Verses from the Holy Quran: The Almighty said: “And from water we made all living things.” (The Prophets, 21:30) “He it is Who sendeth down water from the sky, whence ye have drink, and whence are trees on which ye send your beasts to pasture. Therewith He causeth crops to grow for you, and the olive and the date-palm and grapes and all kinds of fruit. Lo! herein is indeed a portent for people who reflect.” (The Bee, 16:10-11) “And We send down from the sky blessed water whereby We give growth unto gardens and the grain of crops, And lofty date-palms with ranged clusters, Provision (made) for men; and therewith We quicken a dead land. -
Gentrification in the Central Zone of Medina, Saudi Arabia
Gentrification in the Central Zone of Medina, Saudi Arabia Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Leicester By Hanadi Alharbi DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY UNIVERSITY OF LEICESTER February 2018 Gentrification in the Central Zone of Medina, Saudi Arabia Hanadi Alharbi Abstract The past fifty years have seen increasingly rapid advances in urbanization and development in Saudi Arabia. Medina is a Saudi city; it is the second most significant holy place after Mecca for all Muslims worldwide because it encompasses the Prophet’s Mosque and the grave of the prophet of Islam, Mohammed. The central research aim of the thesis is to examine whether that redevelopment that has taken place in Medina between the 1970s to 2000s should be viewed as gentrification. The central zone of Medina was identified as a case study for this research. Qualitative mixed-methods research involving structured interviews and content analysis of archival data were used to investigate redevelopments in the central zone of Medina. A semi-structured interview was conducted with elite interviewees - officials and developers - and the non-elite, who are the displaced residents of the central zone of Medina. The main findings of this study show that what has happened in central zone of Medina since the 1970s to the 2000s, when the redevelopment project was completed, constitutes new build gentrification. New build gentrification in the central zone of Medina is oriented towards tourism, as led by individual investors and real state dealers in the 1970s and 1980s and by the central state in the 1990s and 2000s.