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Choosing a Capital City for Saskatchewan

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Choosing a Capital City for Saskatchewan THE CANADIAN ATLAS ONLINE SASKATCHEWAN – GRADE 6 www.canadiangeographic.ca/atlas Choosing a Capital City for Saskatchewan Lesson Overview In this lesson students will learn about the important process in choosing an appropriate site for a provincial capital. When Saskatchewan became a province in 1905 several communities vied for the honour of becoming the new province’s capital city. Each had advantages and disadvantages to its location and resources. In this lesson students will play the role of civic government advisors and will develop a rationale for choosing which community offered the best location to become the centre of government in the new province. Grade Level Grade 6 (may be adapted for Grades 7 and 8) Time Required Teachers should be able to conduct the lesson in one or two classes. Curriculum Connection (Province/Territory and course) Saskatchewan Social Studies (Grade 6 – Maps and the Earth, Location and Atlases; Grade 9 – Causality, examining cause and effect). Link to the Canadian Atlas Online (CAOL) www.canadiangeographic.ca/atlas/ Additional Resources, Materials and Equipment Required Bristol board, chart paper, and/or PowerPoint, or other presentation software. • “Choosing a Capital City” Rubric – 1 teacher copy • “Choosing a Capital City” student activity sheet – 1 copy for each student. • Historical Atlas of Canada : Volumes 1 and 2 (optional) Main Objective The primary goal of this lesson is to examine the process by which the capital city of Saskatchewan was selected in 1905 giving the students opportunity, through discussion and role play, to replicate part of the process and choose the location they think would be best. Students will examine the process and what it meant to leading politicians of that period and how they promoted their own community to earn the status of provincial capital. Learning Outcomes Students will be able to examine the benefits that a city chosen to be the capital of a newly formed province, like Saskatchewan, would enjoy. They will understand and, by the end of the lesson, will be able to: • Describe positive characteristics of a community/city • Decide which characteristics are vital to the growth of a healthy community • Critique many aspects of what makes up a major centre, one which would make a good provincial capital city 1 THE CANADIAN ATLAS ONLINE SASKATCHEWAN – GRADE 6 www.canadiangeographic.ca/atlas • Discern between strengths of a community and weaknesses that may hinder its growth and to examine solutions to some of those problems • Examine population growth as it related to the influx of immigrants to Saskatchewan at the beginning of the 20 th century • Develop rationale and arguments to support the selection of one community over another for the title of provincial capital The Lesson The Lesson Teacher Activity Student Activity Introduction Brainstorming activity: Ask small Students brainstorm and record How will the groups of 2 or 3: #1. What is what is needed to make a town/city lesson open? needed to make a town/city a a great place to live. (Possible great place to live? (after 5 answers: shops/malls, recreation minutes record answers on master facilities, green spaces, location for list). #2. Ask: What is needed to entertainment, close to other make a community a good place communities, etc). Student groups for a provincial capital (record share their lists with the whole differences from list #1)? class. Students will begin to see that there Similar activity with students trying are few distinctions in what a capital to distinguish what might be needed city would need. This can lead to a for a capital city (possible answers conclusion that many communities might include: central location, could become a good site for a access to government services – a capital of a province. place for politicians to meet with offices, etc.) Note: This is what many communities believed in 1905 when Saskatchewan became a province and they all thought they should become the capital of the new province! Lesson Introduce student activity “Choosing Students have 15 minutes fill out Development A Capital City” by dividing class into their Submission Proposal. Then Detail point by 5 teams. Each team represents a they must develop a way to present point how the pre-assigned community. (Each their proposal to a selection lesson will team should have a copy of the committee (or the rest of the class). develop by selection criteria plus their Utilizing the Canadian Atlas Online student and community’s Strengths and teacher activity (refer to maps which show Weaknesses). immigration, development of the Introduce The Canadian Atlas Online railway, and community resources which can aid the students development throughout western in finding supporting evidence for Canada) show how the trends in their community’s strengths and early 1900s support your 2 THE CANADIAN ATLAS ONLINE SASKATCHEWAN – GRADE 6 www.canadiangeographic.ca/atlas potential. community as having a good future as a capital city. Conclusion Using Bristol board, chart paper, Each “product” is submitted to the How will the PowerPoint, or other presentation teacher (or panel of judges) to be lesson conclude ? software have each team try to be as evaluated using the attached rubric. What final persuasive as possible. It can also be product or set up in a quasi-debating format culminating where each team has 2 minutes to activity is recap their strong points after all the expected? “presentations” have been given. Recap the realities of the situation within these actual cities in 1905 where similar debates pitted one community against another in attempts to gain the prize of becoming a “government town.” Assessment of Student Learning Further Reading • Waiser, W. A. (2005). Saskatchewan: A New History . Calgary, Fifth House Publishing • Saskatchewan Settlement Experience website: http://sasksettlement.com/index.php - an excellent resource on the settling of Saskatchewan from 1870s to 1930s. Many primary resources which can be utilized by students for their presentations. Excellent teacher resources which tie in with Saskatchewan curriculum outcomes: http://sasksettlement.com/teacher_resources.php • How to read Homestead Records (Section/Township/Range/Meridian): http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~cansk/Saskatchewan/homesteadlocatio n.html Link to Canadian National Standards for Geography Essential Element #1: The World in Spatial Terms • Distribution of major human and physical features at country and global scales • Map types (e.g. topographic, navigational, thematic) • Major cities of the province, Canada and the world Essential Element #2: Places and Regions • Physical and human characteristics of places and regions in Canada and the world • Factors that influence people’s perception of places and regions 3 THE CANADIAN ATLAS ONLINE SASKATCHEWAN – GRADE 6 www.canadiangeographic.ca/atlas • Changes in places and regions over time • How culture affects places and regions (e.g. cultural landscapes) • Concepts of formal, functional and perceptual regions Essential Element #4: Human systems • Population density, distribution, and growth rates • Human migration patterns (forced/voluntary) • Types and patterns of human settlement (from villages to • megacities) • Internal structure of cities • Cities as providers of goods and services Geographic Skills Skill #2: Acquiring Geographic Skills • Use a variety of research skills to locate and collect geographic data. • Use maps to collect and/or compile geographic information. Skill #3: Organizing Geographic Information • Prepare various forms of diagrams, tables and/or charts to organize and display geographic information. • Integrate various types of materials to organize geographic information. Skill #4: Analyzing Geographic Information • Interpret information obtained from maps and geographic information systems • Use statistics and other quantitative techniques to evaluate geographic information • Interpret and synthesize information obtained from a variety of sources 4 THE CANADIAN ATLAS ONLINE SASKATCHEWAN – GRADE 6 www.canadiangeographic.ca/atlas STUDENT ACTIVITY “Choosing a Capital” Activity Each team represents a community which, if selected, will become the capital city of the new province of Saskatchewan. From the strengths and weaknesses of your community, compared with the criteria listed below, your team must fill out the attached “Submission Proposal” and present it to the panel of judges. The criteria for a good site are the following (in no particular order): • Plenty of land to allow for future expansion. • Access to the railway to transport immigrants to your area and to take agricultural and manufactured goods to larger centres in eastern Canada. • Traditionally a trading centre with First Nations group. • Close to main roads or trails which connect with surrounding communities. • Access to a major source of water (river for fresh water, fishing and transportation or lake for fresh water and fishing). • Access to fuel for heating buildings in winter. • Evidence that your community’s population is growing. • A strong economy with several industries involved in manufacturing and commerce. Community A: (Saskatoon) Strengths: • Located on a large river with ample fresh water, deep enough for transportation by steam-driven river boats, good source of fish. • Large area of land for future expansion. • Incorporated as a city with a rapid increase in population (between 1901 and 1911 the population increased 100-fold from about 120 to 12,000). • Located in very good
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