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Administrative Divisions INFORMATION PAPER Indonesia: Administrative Divisions Indonesia is the world's largest archipelagic state, stretching across both sides of the equator from the city of Banda Aceh at 05° 33' 28" N, 095° 19' 20" E in the west, to the city of Jayapura at 02° 31' 36" S, 140° 42' 51" E in the east. It is made up of over 17,500 islands (of which around 1,000 are permanently settled) strategically located along major sea lanes between the Pacific and Indian Oceans. The capital, Jakarta, is located near the northwestern coast of Jawa (Java). Its islands can be grouped into the Kepulauan Sunda Besar (Greater Sunda Islands) of Sumatera (Sumatra), Jawa, Sulawesi and the southern part of Kalimantan1; the Nusa Tenggara (Lesser Sunda) islands of Bali and a chain of islands that runs eastward through the island of Timor2; the Maluku (Moluccas) islands; and the western part of the island of New Guinea3. Indonesia Languages Indonesian (Bahasa Indonesia)4 is the official and most commonly spoken language in Indonesia, and is a modified version of Malay. It is the official language of the government and education. Over 700 local dialects of Indonesian are spoken, the most common of which is Javanese. English is also widely spoken in Indonesia. Administrative Divisions In May 1999, Indonesia embarked on a reform of regional governance5, decentralizing most functions of the government to the rural districts and municipalities and increasing local participation in politics and the economy. The Regional Autonomy Law6 gave authority to two levels of regional government, provinces (provinsi) at the first‐order administrative level (ADM1), and regencies (kabupaten) and 1 Kalimantan is the Indonesian name for the island of Borneo. Brunei and part of Malaysia are in the north of the island. 2 The eastern half of Timor is the independent state of East Timor. The Oecusse district of East Timor is an exclave in the western, Indonesian part of the island of Timor. 3 Papua is the Indonesian name for the island of New Guinea. The island is divided between two countries: the western half comprises the Indonesian provinces of Papua and Papua Barat, and the eastern half comprises the major part of Papua New Guinea (an independent country since 1975). 4 Article 36 of the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/‐‐‐ed_protect/‐‐‐ protrav/‐‐‐ilo_aids/documents/legaldocument/wcms_174556.pdf 5 Following the resignation of President Soeharto, in 1998. 6 Law No 22 of 1999 on regional autonomy. © Crown Copyright 2015 1 INFORMATION PAPER municipalities (kota) at the second‐order administrative level (ADM2) to make their own policies and local laws. Prior to the 1999 Regional Autonomy Law, there were 26 provinces and 299 second‐order administrative divisions. The province of Maluku Utara was created in 1999, and the provinces of Banten, Kepulauan Bangka Belitung and Gorontalo were created in 2000. Kepulauan Riau province was created in 2002 and Sulawesi Barat created in 2004. The newest province, Kalimantan Utara, was created in 2015. The number of provinces is likely to increase further. The administrative structure of Indonesia presently comprises thirty‐four (34) provinces (provinsi) at first‐ order level (ADM1). These are sub‐divided into 514 at the second‐order level (ADM2): 416 regencies (kabupaten) and 98 municipalities (kota) that are further divided into districts and again into administrative villages. Indonesia: First‐Order Administrative Divisions Island(s) Number (conventional Province (ADM1) Indonesian Centre and of Province website name in (short form in bold type) Abbreviation7 co‐ordinates ADM2s brackets) Serang Provinsi Banten ‐ 06° 06' 54" S, 8 http://www.bantenprov.go.id/ 106° 09' 01" E Jakarta 9 Daerah Khusus Ibukota DKI Jakarta 06° 10' 28" S, 6 http://www.jakarta.go.id/ Jakarta Raya8 or DKI 106° 49' 46" E Bandung Provinsi Jawa Barat10 Jabar 06° 54' 14" S, 27 http://www.jabarprov.go.id/ Jawa 107° 37' 07" E (Java) Semarang Provinsi Jawa Tengah Jateng 06° 59' 36" S, 35 http://www.jatengprov.go.id 110° 25' 13" E Surabaya Provinsi Jawa Timur Jatim 07° 14' 57" S, 38 http://www.jatimprov.go.id 112° 45' 03" E Yogyakarta Daerah Istimewa DI Yogya http://www.indonesia.go.id/en/reg 07° 46' 58" S, 5 ional‐government/di‐yogyakarta‐ Yogyakarta or DIY 110° 21' 39" E province/regional‐profile Pontianak Provinsi Kalimantan Barat Kalbar 00° 01' 52" S, 14 http://www.kalbarprov.go.id/ Kalimantan 109° 19' 19" E (Borneo) Banjarmasin Provinsi Kalimantan Kalsel 03° 19' 13" S, 13 http://www.kalselprov.go.id Selatan 114° 35' 23" E 7 The Indonesian abbreviations are often used on Indonesian sources such as websites and news articles. 8 Officially known as the Special Capital Region of Jakarta. It is the capital city of Indonesia and also a province. 9 This is the capital city of Indonesia, situated on the island of Jawa. 10 Some Indonesian province names contain geographical terms, such as compass points, e.g. Jawa Barat means West Java. See the glossary on page 5 for a full list of terms. © Crown Copyright 2015 2 INFORMATION PAPER Island(s) Number (conventional Province (ADM1) Indonesian Centre and of Province website name in (short form in bold type) Abbreviation7 co‐ordinates ADM2s brackets) Palangkaraya Provinsi Kalimantan http://kalteng.go.id/ogi/ Kalteng 02° 12' 49" S, 14 Tengah 113° 54' 39" E Kalimantan Samarinda http://www.kaltimprov.go.id/hom (Borneo) Provinsi Kalimantan Timur Kaltim 02° 12' 49" S, 10 e cont. 113° 54' 39" E Tanjung Selor Provinsi Kalimantan http://www.kaltaraprov.go.id Kaltara 02° 50' 17" N, 5 Utara11 117° 21' 57" E Ambon Provinsi Maluku ‐ 03° 41' 50" S, 11 http://malukuprov.go.id 128° 11' 08" E Maluku (Moluccas) Sofifi12 http://www.malutprov.go.id/ Provinsi Maluku Utara Malut 00° 44' 00" N, 10 (website under construction) 127° 33' 00" E Denpasar Provinsi Bali ‐ 08° 39' 00" S, 9 http://www.baliprov.go.id/ 115° 13' 00" E Nusa Tenggara Mataram (Lesser Sunda Provinsi Nusa Tenggara NTB 08° 35' 00" S, 10 http://www.ntbprov.go.id/ Islands) Barat 116° 07' 00" E Kupang Provinsi Nusa Tenggara NTT 10° 10' 18" S, 22 http://nttprov.go.id/ntt/ Timur 123° 36' 27" E Jayapura Provinsi Papua13 ‐ 02° 31' 36" S, 29 https://papua.go.id Papua 140° 42' 51" E (New Guinea) Manokwari Provinsi Papua Barat14 ‐ 00° 51' 21" S, 13 http://papuabaratprov.go.id/ 134° 03' 46" E Gorontalo Provinsi Gorontalo ‐ 00° 32' 28" N, 6 http://www.gorontaloprov.go.id/ 123° 03' 34" E Mamuju Sulawesi Provinsi Sulawesi Barat Sulbar 02° 40' 29" S, 6 - (Celebes) 118° 53' 19" E Makassar Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan Sulsel 05° 08' 24" S, 24 http://www.sulselprov.go.id/ 119° 25' 20" E 11 Province created 25th October 2015. 12 The 1999 law creating the province of Maluku Utara indicated Sofifi as the capital. However, the de facto seat was the previous administrative centre, Ternate, at 00° 47' 26" N, 127° 23' 03" E, until 2010, when the infrastructure at Sofifi became sufficient for it to function as the capital. 13 Former name: Irian Jaya (until November 2001). 14 Former name: Irian Jaya Barat (until February 2007). http://www.radionz.co.nz/international/pacific‐ news/167695/papuan‐province‐changes‐name‐from‐west‐irian‐jaya‐to‐west‐papua © Crown Copyright 2015 3 INFORMATION PAPER Island(s) Number (conventional Province (ADM1) Indonesian Centre and of Province website name in (short form in bold type) Abbreviation7 co‐ordinates ADM2s brackets) Palu Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah Sulteng 00° 53' 30" S, 13 http://www.sultengprov.go.id/ 119° 52' 15" E Sulawesi Kendari Provinsi Sulawesi http://www.sultraprov.go.id/index. (Celebes) Sultra 03° 56' 42" S, 17 Tenggara html cont. 122° 29' 56" E Manado Provinsi Sulawesi Utara Sulut 01° 28' 56" N, 15 http://www.sulutprov.go.id/ 124° 50' 56" E Banda Aceh Provinsi Aceh15 ‐ 05° 33' 28" N, 23 http://acehprov.go.id/ 095° 19' 20" E Bengkulu Provinsi Bengkulu ‐ 03° 47' 21" S, 10 http://go.bengkuluprov.go.id/ver3/ 102° 15' 45" E Jambi Provinsi Jambi ‐ 01° 37' 13" S, 11 http://jambiprov.go.id/index.php 103° 36' 41" E Pangkalpinang Provinsi Kepulauan Babel 02° 07' 49" S, 7 http://www.babelprov.go.id/ Bangka Belitung16 106° 06' 38" E Tanjungpinang Sumatera Provinsi Kepulauan Riau Kepri 00° 55' 00" N, 7 http://www.kepriprov.go.id/home/ (Sumatra) 104° 27' 00" E Bandar Lampung 17 Provinsi Lampung ‐ 15 http://www.lampungprov.go.id 05° 25' 32" S, 105° 15' 29" E Pekanbaru18 Provinsi Riau ‐ 00° 32' 00" N, 12 https://www.riau.go.id/home/ 101° 27' 00" E Padang Provinsi Sumatera Barat Sumbar 00° 57' 11" S, 19 http://www.sumbarprov.go.id/ 100° 22' 04" E Palembang http://www.sumselprov.go.id/inde Provinsi Sumatera Selatan Sumsel 02° 59' 06" S, 17 x.php?module=content&id=1 104° 45' 15" E Medan Provinsi Sumatera Utara Sumut 03° 35' 00" N, 33 http://www.sumutprov.go.id/ 098° 40' 00" E 15 Former names: Daerah Istimewa Aceh (until August 2001), Nanggroë Aceh Darussalam (from 2001 to 2009). 16 Sometimes seen as Bangka Belitung. 17 Previously called Tanjungkarang‐Telukbetung until the two towns of Tanjungkarang and Telukbetung combined and became known as Bandar Lampung in 1993 http://www.hukumonline.com/pusatdata/detail/21292/node/1060 . 18 http://www.britannica.com/place/Riau‐Islands © Crown Copyright 2015 4 INFORMATION PAPER Glossary Barat west Besar great Daerah region, district, territory (first order administrative division) Daerah Istimewa special region, special territory (first order administrative division) Daerah Khusus Ibukota special capital region (first order administrative division) Ibukota capital, metropolitan Istimewa special Kabupaten regency Kepulauan islands, archipelago Khusus special Kota municipality Nusa homeland Pemerintah government Provinsi province (first order administrative division) Pulau island Pulau‐pulau islands, archipelago Raya greater Selatan south Tengah middle Tenggara southeast Timur east Tingkat level Utara north Sources 30th BGN/PCGN Conference paper: Indonesia Second‐Order Administrative Divisions Update, written by BGN.
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