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Indonesia: Administrative Divisions

Indonesia is the world's largest archipelagic state, stretching across both sides of the from the of Banda at 05° 33' 28" N, 095° 19' 20" E in the west, to the city of at 02° 31' 36" S, 140° 42' 51" E in the east. It is made up of over 17,500 islands (of which around 1,000 are permanently settled) strategically located along major sea lanes between the Pacific and Indian Oceans. The capital, , is located near the northwestern coast of Jawa ().

Its islands can be grouped into the Kepulauan Sunda Besar (Greater Sunda Islands) of Sumatera (), Jawa, and the southern part of Kalimantan1; the Nusa Tenggara (Lesser Sunda) islands of and a chain of islands that runs eastward through the island of Timor2; the (Moluccas) islands; and the western part of the island of New Guinea3.

Indonesia

Languages Indonesian (Bahasa Indonesia)4 is the official and most commonly spoken in Indonesia, and is a modified version of Malay. It is the official language of the and . Over 700 local dialects of Indonesian are spoken, the most common of which is Javanese. English is also widely spoken in Indonesia.

Administrative Divisions In May 1999, Indonesia embarked on a reform of regional governance5, decentralizing most functions of the government to the rural and and increasing local participation in politics and the economy. The Regional Autonomy Law6 gave authority to two levels of regional government, (provinsi) at the first‐order administrative level (ADM1), and regencies (kabupaten) and

1 is the Indonesian name for the island of . and part of are in the north of the island. 2 The eastern half of is the independent state of East Timor. The of East Timor is an exclave in the western, Indonesian part of the island of Timor. 3 is the Indonesian name for the island of New . The island is divided between two : the western half comprises the Indonesian provinces of Papua and Papua Barat, and the eastern half comprises the major part of Papua (an independent since 1975). 4 Article 36 of the of the of Indonesia. http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/‐‐‐ed_protect/‐‐‐ protrav/‐‐‐ilo_aids/documents/legaldocument/wcms_174556.pdf 5 Following the resignation of President Soeharto, in 1998. 6 Law No 22 of 1999 on regional autonomy.

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municipalities (kota) at the second‐order administrative level (ADM2) to make their own policies and local laws.

Prior to the 1999 Regional Autonomy Law, there were 26 provinces and 299 second‐order administrative divisions. The province of Maluku Utara was created in 1999, and the provinces of , Kepulauan Bangka Belitung and were created in 2000. Kepulauan province was created in 2002 and Sulawesi Barat created in 2004. The newest province, Kalimantan Utara, was created in 2015. The number of provinces is likely to increase further.

The administrative structure of Indonesia presently comprises thirty‐four (34) provinces (provinsi) at first‐ order level (ADM1). These are sub‐divided into 514 at the second‐order level (ADM2): 416 regencies (kabupaten) and 98 municipalities (kota) that are further divided into districts and again into administrative .

Indonesia: First‐Order Administrative Divisions

Island(s) Number (conventional Province (ADM1) Indonesian Centre and of Province website name in (short form in bold type) Abbreviation7 co‐ordinates ADM2s brackets) Provinsi Banten ‐ 06° 06' 54" S, 8 http://www.bantenprov.go.id/ 106° 09' 01" E Jakarta 9 Daerah Khusus Ibukota DKI Jakarta 06° 10' 28" S, 6 http://www.jakarta.go.id/ Jakarta Raya8 or DKI 106° 49' 46" E Provinsi Jawa Barat10 Jabar 06° 54' 14" S, 27 http://www.jabarprov.go.id/ Jawa 107° 37' 07" E (Java) Provinsi Jawa Tengah Jateng 06° 59' 36" S, 35 http://www.jatengprov.go.id 110° 25' 13" E Provinsi Jawa Timur Jatim 07° 14' 57" S, 38 http://www.jatimprov.go.id 112° 45' 03" E Daerah Istimewa DI Yogya http://www.indonesia.go.id/en/reg 07° 46' 58" S, 5 ional‐government/di‐yogyakarta‐ Yogyakarta or DIY 110° 21' 39" E province/regional‐profile

Pontianak Provinsi Kalimantan Barat Kalbar 00° 01' 52" S, 14 http://www.kalbarprov.go.id/ Kalimantan 109° 19' 19" E (Borneo) Provinsi Kalimantan Kalsel 03° 19' 13" S, 13 http://www.kalselprov.go.id Selatan 114° 35' 23" E

7 The Indonesian abbreviations are often used on Indonesian sources such as websites and news articles. 8 Officially known as the Special Capital of Jakarta. It is the of Indonesia and also a province. 9 This is the capital city of Indonesia, situated on the island of Jawa. 10 Some Indonesian province names contain geographical terms, such as compass points, e.g. Jawa Barat means . See the glossary on page 5 for a full list of terms.

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Island(s) Number (conventional Province (ADM1) Indonesian Centre and of Province website name in (short form in bold type) Abbreviation7 co‐ordinates ADM2s brackets) Palangkaraya Provinsi Kalimantan http://kalteng.go.id/ogi/ Kalteng 02° 12' 49" S, 14 Tengah 113° 54' 39" E Kalimantan http://www.kaltimprov.go.id/hom (Borneo) Provinsi Kalimantan Timur Kaltim 02° 12' 49" S, 10 e cont. 113° 54' 39" E Provinsi Kalimantan http://www.kaltaraprov.go.id Kaltara 02° 50' 17" N, 5 Utara11 117° 21' 57" E Ambon Provinsi Maluku ‐ 03° 41' 50" S, 11 http://malukuprov.go.id 128° 11' 08" E Maluku (Moluccas) Sofifi12 http://www.malutprov.go.id/ Provinsi Maluku Utara Malut 00° 44' 00" N, 10 (website under construction) 127° 33' 00" E Provinsi Bali ‐ 08° 39' 00" S, 9 http://www.baliprov.go.id/ 115° 13' 00" E Nusa Tenggara (Lesser Sunda Provinsi Nusa Tenggara NTB 08° 35' 00" S, 10 http://www.ntbprov.go.id/ Islands) Barat 116° 07' 00" E

Kupang Provinsi Nusa Tenggara NTT 10° 10' 18" S, 22 http://nttprov.go.id/ntt/ Timur 123° 36' 27" E Jayapura Provinsi Papua13 ‐ 02° 31' 36" S, 29 https://papua.go.id Papua 140° 42' 51" E (New Guinea)

Provinsi Papua Barat14 ‐ 00° 51' 21" S, 13 http://papuabaratprov.go.id/ 134° 03' 46" E Gorontalo Provinsi Gorontalo ‐ 00° 32' 28" N, 6 http://www.gorontaloprov.go.id/ 123° 03' 34" E Sulawesi Provinsi Sulawesi Barat Sulbar 02° 40' 29" S, 6 - (Celebes) 118° 53' 19" E Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan Sulsel 05° 08' 24" S, 24 http://www.sulselprov.go.id/ 119° 25' 20" E

11 Province created 25th October 2015. 12 The 1999 law creating the province of Maluku Utara indicated as the capital. However, the de facto seat was the previous , , at 00° 47' 26" N, 127° 23' 03" E, until 2010, when the infrastructure at Sofifi became sufficient for it to function as the capital. 13 Former name: Irian Jaya (until November 2001). 14 Former name: Irian Jaya Barat (until February 2007). http://www.radionz.co.nz/international/pacific‐ news/167695/papuan‐province‐changes‐name‐from‐west‐irian‐jaya‐to‐west‐papua

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Island(s) Number (conventional Province (ADM1) Indonesian Centre and of Province website name in (short form in bold type) Abbreviation7 co‐ordinates ADM2s brackets) Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah Sulteng 00° 53' 30" S, 13 http://www.sultengprov.go.id/ 119° 52' 15" E Sulawesi Provinsi Sulawesi http://www.sultraprov.go.id/index. (Celebes) Sultra 03° 56' 42" S, 17 Tenggara html cont. 122° 29' 56" E Provinsi Sulawesi Utara Sulut 01° 28' 56" N, 15 http://www.sulutprov.go.id/ 124° 50' 56" E Provinsi Aceh15 ‐ 05° 33' 28" N, 23 http://acehprov.go.id/ 095° 19' 20" E

Bengkulu Provinsi ‐ 03° 47' 21" S, 10 http://go.bengkuluprov.go.id/ver3/ 102° 15' 45" E

Jambi Provinsi ‐ 01° 37' 13" S, 11 http://jambiprov.go.id/index.php 103° 36' 41" E Pangkalpinang Provinsi Kepulauan Babel 02° 07' 49" S, 7 http://www.babelprov.go.id/ Bangka Belitung16 106° 06' 38" E Sumatera Provinsi Kepulauan Riau Kepri 00° 55' 00" N, 7 http://www.kepriprov.go.id/home/ (Sumatra) 104° 27' 00" E

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Lampung 17 Provinsi ‐ 15 http://www.lampungprov.go.id 05° 25' 32" S, 105° 15' 29" E Pekanbaru18 Provinsi Riau ‐ 00° 32' 00" N, 12 https://www.riau.go.id/home/ 101° 27' 00" E Provinsi Sumatera Barat Sumbar 00° 57' 11" S, 19 http://www.sumbarprov.go.id/ 100° 22' 04" E http://www.sumselprov.go.id/inde Provinsi Sumatera Selatan Sumsel 02° 59' 06" S, 17 x.php?module=content&id=1 104° 45' 15" E Provinsi Sumatera Utara Sumut 03° 35' 00" N, 33 http://www.sumutprov.go.id/ 098° 40' 00" E

15 Former names: Daerah Istimewa Aceh (until August 2001), Nanggroë Aceh Darussalam (from 2001 to 2009). 16 Sometimes seen as Bangka Belitung. 17 Previously called Tanjungkarang‐Telukbetung until the two of Tanjungkarang and Telukbetung combined and became known as in 1993 http://www.hukumonline.com/pusatdata/detail/21292/node/1060 . 18 http://www.britannica.com/place/Riau‐Islands

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Glossary Barat west Besar great Daerah region, district, (first order ) Daerah Istimewa special region, special territory (first order administrative division) Daerah Khusus Ibukota special (first order administrative division) Ibukota capital, metropolitan Istimewa special Kabupaten Kepulauan islands, archipelago Khusus special Kota Nusa Pemerintah government Provinsi province (first order administrative division) Pulau island Pulau‐pulau islands, archipelago Raya greater Selatan south Tengah middle Tenggara southeast Timur east Tingkat level Utara north

Sources

30th BGN/PCGN Conference paper: Indonesia Second‐Order Administrative Divisions Update, written by BGN.

Indonesian geospatial information agency: Badan Informasi Geospatial (BIG) (formerly known as Bakosurtanal) http://www.bakosurtanal.go.id/peta‐provinsi/

Dasar Hukum Pembentukan Kota/Kab. (Legal basis for Creation of Municipalities/Regencies): www.kodepos.nomor.net

Wikipedia: https://id.wikipedia.org

Peta Tematik Indonesia (Indonesia Thematic Maps): https://petatematikindo.wordpress.com

The Central Statistics Agency (): http://www.bps.go.id/

CIA World Factbook: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the‐world‐factbook/geos/id.html

2010 Indonesian census: http://sp2010.bps.go.id/

Compiled by PCGN January 2016 Tel. 0207 591 3120 [email protected]

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