Contracanto Una Perspectiva Semiótica De La Obra Temprana De Silvestre Revueltas

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Contracanto Una Perspectiva Semiótica De La Obra Temprana De Silvestre Revueltas Contracanto Una perspectiva semiótica de la obra temprana de Silvestre Revueltas Roberto Kolb Neuhaus Kolb Neuhaus, Roberto Contracanto. Una perspectiva semiótica de la obra temprana de Silvestre Revueltas / Roberto Kolb Neuhaus. – – México : UNAM, Coordinación de Estudios de Posgrado, 2012. 336 páginas : ilustraciones ; 21 cm. – – (Colección posgrado) Bibliografía : páginas 309-322 ISBN 978-607-02-3319-7 1. Revueltas, Silvestre, 1899-1940 – Crítica e interpretación. 2. Com- po sitores – México. 3. Música – Semiótica. 4. Análisis musical. I. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Coordinación de Es- tudios de Posgrado. II. título. III. Serie. 780.92-scdd21 Biblioteca Nacional de México CONTRACANTO UNA PERSPECTIVA SEMIÓTICA DE LA OBRA TEMPRANA DE SILVESTRE REVUELTAS Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Coordinación de Estudios de Posgrado Programa de Maestría, Doctorado y Especialización en Historia del Arte Instituto de Investigaciones Estéticas Escuela Nacional de Música La Colección Posgrado publica, desde 1987, las tesis de maestría y docto- rado que presentan, para obtener el grado, los egresados de los programas del Sistema Universitario de Posgrado de la UNAM. El conjunto de obras seleccionadas, además de su originalidad, ofrecen al lector el tratamiento de temas y problemas de gran relevancia que con- tribuyen a la comprensión de los mismos y a la difusión del pensamiento universitario. Roberto Kolb Neuhaus CONTRACANTO Una perspectiva semiótica de la obra temprana de Silvestre Revueltas UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTÓNOMA DE MÉXICO 2012 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Dr. José Narro Robles Rector Dr. Eduardo Bárzana García Secretario General Dr. Francisco José Trigo Tavera Secretario de Desarrollo Institucional Dra. Gloria Soberón Chávez Coordinadora de Estudios de Posgrado Dr. Renato González Mello Director del Instituto de Investigaciones Estéticas Dr. Francisco José Viesca Treviño Director de la Escuela Nacional de Música Dra. Deborah Dorotinsky Alperstein Coordinadora del Programa de Maestría, Doctorado y Especialización en Historia del Arte Dr. Rafael Camacho Carranza Secretario Académico de la Coordinación de Estudios de Posgrado Soc. Lorena Vázquez Rojas Coordinación Editorial Primera edición 30 de mayo de 2012 D.R. © 2012. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Coordinación de Estudios de Posgrado Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, Coyoacán, México, D. F. D.R. © 2012. Roberto Kolb Neuhaus ISBN 978-607-02-3319-7 “Prohibida la reproducción total o parcial por cualquier medio sin la autorización escrita del titular de los derechos patrimoniales”. Impreso y hecho en México A mis hijas Para Eugenia, Leonora y Susana Introducción 9 ÍNDICE Agradecimientos Introducción Primera parte Revueltas en el crisol de las identidades .............................. 00 I. En diálogo con la poesía y la plástica ................................ 31 La música en las letras ........................................................ 33 La música en la plástica ...................................................... 39 Riesgos y riquezas de una lectura hermenéutica ................. 42 II. La polémica con las otras músicas .................................... 49 Los actores .......................................................................... 55 Los espacios ......................................................................... 57 Los tiempos ......................................................................... 59 El espíritu de vanguardia en el trasfondo ........................... 61 III. Franqueando el paso entre el imaginario cultural y el musical ........................................................................ 75 El sentido en la forma ......................................................... 77 La forma en el sentido ........................................................ 83 Música y semántica ............................................................. 84 10 Contracanto. Una perspectiva semiótica de la obra temprana de S. Revueltas Segunda parte. La suma de los signos IV. Esquinas (1931): entre la música y la palabra ................ 95 Texto, contexto e intención .............................................. 95 V. Primer movimiento: el rumor de las multitudes ............ 105 Las voces de la esquina ..................................................... 105 El pregón como gesto cultural .......................................... 107 El pregón musical: del texto cultural a la partitura .......... 112 “Colimote, a dos por un real, mirando que el tiempo está muy fatal”: de la partitura al texto cultural ............... 121 VI. Segundo movimiento: el dolor persistente, clavado en la mitad de la calle ......................................... 143 El sujeto individualizado ................................................... 143 Desdoblamiento y multiplicación del signo ..................... 146 Ruptura y cambio de ruta ................................................. 149 VII. Tercer movimiento: un grito fecundo en rebeldía ........ 153 Las huellas de una metamorfosis ...................................... 153 Dinamización actorial del signo ....................................... 157 VIII. Esquinas (1933): ¿nación o nacionalismo? ................... 171 La musa ausente ................................................................ 171 Música esquinera .............................................................. 174 ¿Citar, glosar, disipar o refundar el símbolo cultural? ....... 180 Un “aquí” militante .......................................................... 182 Iconoclasia política ........................................................... 185 IX. Dividendos de un análisis: simbiosis estratégica ........... 193 Transposición semiótica como estrategia de creación ..... 193 Suma o choque de signos .................................................. 195 Índice 11 Tercera parte. El choque de los signos X. La retórica del tropo ........................................................ 203 Textos retóricos y tropos revueltianos .............................. 204 Tropo y ethos .................................................................... 205 Las retóricas del deseo y del rechazo ................................ 209 XI. La voz de un pueblo pauperizado: Tierra pa’ las macetas, Parián ....................................... 217 Tierra pa’ las macetas ......................................................... 217 Tres afiladores ................................................................... 219 En el mercado del grito y la feria del color ....................... 221 XII. De toros viejos y despuntados: Pieza para orquesta ..... 229 XIII. Veredas emboscadas: Caminos ....................................... 233 ¿La música de la Revolución? ........................................... 233 Gramática para construir una alteridad ............................ 237 Corridos proletarios para un plastodonte blanco ............. 241 Caminos borrascosos vs. bulevares europeos .................... 241 XIV. La retórica de un albur musical: Janitzio ....................... 249 Burla musical: mimesis ....................................................... 252 Pastiche simulado: antitheton, exclamatio, suspensio .......... 253 Verosimilitud desafiada: hyperbole .................................... 258 La nota discordante .......................................................... 259 Sátira de lo pastoril: antitheton .......................................... 259 Onomatopeyas callejeras: mimesis, exclamatio .................. 260 Mentadas y otros sabotajes ............................................... 262 Tropos culturales y música ............................................... 263 XV. La musicalización de una polémica: 8 x radio ................ 273 Diálogo divergente ........................................................... 278 El discurso referencial: hipotexto ..................................... 281 12 Contracanto. Una perspectiva semiótica de la obra temprana de S. Revueltas El discurso no referencial: hipertexto ............................... 283 Retórica de alienación del hipotexto ............................... 285 La última risa .................................................................... 288 Retórica como catalizador de la forma ............................. 289 XVI. En el vértice del instante introspectivo: Planos ............ 297 De la retórica al estilo ....................................................... 301 Ciencia del devenir o tráfico incoherente del ritmo de la vida ........................................................... 302 Breve epílogo: el tercer corpus ......................................... 304 Fuentes consultadas ...................................................................... 309 Apéndices: 1. Los pregones de Esquinas .................................................. 325 2. Listado cronológico de las obras de Silvestre Revueltas .. 329 3. Música mexicana en el repertorio de la Orquesta Sinfónica de México, 1928-1934, en órden cronológico de interpretación ........................... 333 Introducción 13 AGRADECIMIENTOS l éxito de un estudio interdisciplinario depende en buena medida de las aportaciones críticas que puedan hacer especialistas en los E campos involucrados. Me considero sumamente afortunado por ha ­­ber contado entre mis interlocutores con investigadores que com- partieron mi pasión y, desde su particular perspectiva, se sumaron a la em presa con una lectura minuciosa y comprometida. A Susana Gon- zález Aktories debo mucho más que el estímulo permanente
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