Vol. 62 (2) • April 2013
International Journal of Taxonomy, Phylogeny and Evolution
Electronic Supplement to
A worldwide molecular phylogeny and classification of the leafy spurges, Euphorbia subgenus Esula (Euphorbiaceae) Ricarda Riina, Jess A. Peirson, Dmitry V. Geltman, Julián Molero, Božo Frajman, Amirhossein Pahlevani, Laia Barres, Jeffery J. Morawetz, Yasaman Salmaki, Shahin Zarre, Aleksey Kryukov, Peter V. Bruyns & Paul E. Berry
Taxon : – TAXON 62 (2) • April 2013 Electr. Suppl. to: Riina & al. • Phylogeny and classification of Euphorbia subg. Esula
Fig. S1. Maximum likelihood phylogram 92 E. leptocaula 63 E. subtilis from RAxML analysis of the complete E. caesia2 ITS dataset of Euphorbia subg. Esula and E. borealis4 E. borealis1 outgroups. Sections recognized in our 83 E. borealis2 classification are indicated on the right. E. borealis3 Maximum likelihood bootstrap values E. iberica5 E. iberica3 (≥ 50%) are indicated above the branches. E. iberica2 The scale bar indicates the mean number E. iberica1 E. iberica4 of nucleotide substitutions per site. E. discolor2 E. salicifolia2 E. dubovikii 86 E. discolor1 E. borealis6 E. borealis5 E. latifolia E. salicifolia4 E. virgata12 E. subcordata E. microcarpa1 E. salicifolia1 E. jaxartica1 E. microcarpa2 E. esula8 E. esula6 E. esula2 E. agraria4 E. salicifolia5 E. agraria2 E. nevadensis subsp. bolosii1 E. virgata14 51 E. cyparissias5 86 E. cyparissias2 E. cyparissias3 92 E. agraria5 92 E. virgata4 E. jaxartica2 E. virgata10 87 50 E. nevadensis subsp. bolosii2 E. nevadensis subsp. nevadensis E. nevadensis subsp. bolosii3 E. hebecarpa2 96 E. hebecarpa1 E. virgata5 E. esula12 E. esula11 50 E. lucida3 98 E. lucida1 E. lucida2 76 E. pseudoesula 56 E. cyparissias1 84 E. cyparissias x esula E. cyparissias4 87 E. virgata7 E. virgata9 sect. Esula E. virgata8 E. virgata6 E. esula5 E. virgata1 E. agraria3 E. pancicii E. esula10 E. cyrtophylla E. esula9 E. esula3 E. virgata13 E. virgata3 E. agraria1 E. esula1 E. caesia1 E. virgata2 E. salicifolia3 E. esula4 83 E. uralensis E. virgata x esula2 E. virgata x esula1 E. virgata11 51 E. nakaii 73 E. octoradiata E. esula7 72 E. lunulata 67 E. tshuiensis4 E. tshuiensis3 E. tshuiensis2 99 56 E. tshuiensis1 E. valliniana E. variabilis 100 E. kraussiana3 86 E. kraussiana1 74 E. ericoides2 E. ericoides1 E. muraltoides E. sclerophylla 63 86 E. natalensis 80 100 72 E. ericoides3 90 E. epicyparissias E. kraussiana2 E. striata 100 E. erythrina E. genistoides2 99 E. genistoides1 E. buhsei1 51 E. furcatifolia E. schimperiana1 54 E. schimperiana2 100 E. glauca2 83 98 E. glauca1 E. emirnensis 89 E. rothiana2 E. rothiana1 E. cyparissioides 88 E. sieboldiana 62 93 E. osyridae1 E. osyridae2 E. buhsei2 E. species3 97 E. sulcata1 100 E. sulcata2 75 E. arvalis subsp. longistyla 95 sect. Arvales 67 E. arvalis subsp. arvalis2 76 E. arvalis subsp. arvalis1 E. franchettii 94 E. szovitsii2 95 E. szovitsii3 100 E. szovitsii4 sect. Szovitsiae E. szovitsii1 94 E. peplus6 57 E. peplus3 68 E. peplus1 60 E. peplus5 E. peplus2 100 E. peplus4 E. peplus var. minima E. peplus7 E. brachycera2 sect. Tithymalus E. brachycera3 93 E. lurida1 98 E. lurida2 E. commutata 99 E. herniariifolia4 98 E. herniariifolia2 99 E. herniariifolia3 E. herniariifolia1 77 E. paralias5 57 E. paralias3 96 100 E. paralias2 E. paralias1 E. paralias4 E. segetalis var. segetalis2 E. segetalis var. segetalis3 98 E. segetalis var. segetalis1 E. segetalis var. segetalis6 56 E. segetalis var. segetalis7 E. prtlandica2 E. portlandica4 sect. Paralias E. portlandica3 E. portlandica1 82 E. maresii subsp. balearca E. segetalis var. segetalis5 54 E. segetalis var. segetalis4 E. segetalis var. pinea 100 E. azorica E. trichotoma 97 E. deflexa1 93 E. deflexa2 E. taurinensis E. nubica2 E. nubica1 58 E. schimperi1 78 E. schimperi2 E. schimperi9 68 E. nubica3 E. gossypina1 E. calamiformis E. gossypina4 62 E. schimperi3 59 E. nubica4 E. schimperi5 E. schimperi6 E. schimperi7 E. schimperi8 E. schimperi4 E. papilionum 99 E. stolonifera1 71 E. stolonifera2 E. mauritanica1 E. mauritanica2 60 E. mauritanica4 52 88 E. mauritanica6 87 E. mauritanica7 E. mauritanica5 E. mauritanica3 98 E. orthoclada3 100 E. orthoclada2 93 E. orthoclada4 93 E. orthoclada1 54 99 E. lateriflora1 sect. Aphyllis E. lateriflora2 E. gossypina2 E. gossypina3 97 E. berotica 96 E. usambarica2 E. usambarica3 83 E. usambarica1 70 E. aphylla2 100 99 E. aphylla1 78 E. aphylla4 E. aphylla3 100 E. tuckeyana2 98 E. tuckeyana1 E. lamarckii2 E. regis-jubae3 E. anachoreta1 61 E. berthelotii1 E. atropurpurea1 E. atropurpurea2 E. piscatoria E. bravoana E. lamarckii1 E. berthelotii2 E. pedroi1 E. anachoreta2 93 E. pedroi2 E. regis-jubae2 E. regis-jubae1 E. bourgaeana1 E. bourgaeana2 86 E. bourgaeana3 E. terracina2 E. terracina3 54 E. terracina4 100 E. terracina1 E. terracina5 96 71 E. dendroides2 sect. Pachycladae 94 53 E. dendroides4 100 E. dendroides1 E. dendroides5 87 E. dendroides3 E. briquetii E. megalatlantica3 66 E. megalatlantica1 100 E. megalatlantica4 sect. Biumbellatae 100 E. megalatlantica2 E. biumbellata2 99 E. biumbellata1 99 E. biumbellata3 100 E. medicaginea2 53 E. medicaginea4 80 100 E. medicaginea3 E. medicaginea1 86 100 E. dracunculoides subsp. inconspicua E. rimarum sect. Exiguae 97 E. exigua3 E. exigua5 58 E. exigua2 100 E. exigua4 E. exigua1 100 E. guyoniana1 E. guyoniana2 sect. Guyonianae 87 E. turczaninowii2 100 E. consanguinea 87 E. turczaninowii1 96 100 E. inderiensis2 E. aserbajdzhanica E. kanaorica 100 E. aucheri 97 E. deltobracteata sect. Herpetorrhizae 82 79 58 E. densa1 E. densa2 59 E. densa4 100 88 E. densa5 E. densa3 E. densiusculiformis 70 E. amygdaloides5 57 E. amygdaloides1 93 E. amygdaloides2
72 E. amygdaloides3 E. characias subsp. characias6 E. characias subsp. wulfenii2 95 63 E. characias subsp. wulfenii3 E. characias subsp. characias4 100 E. characias subsp. characias3 E. amygdaloides4 53 E. characias subsp. characias1 sect. Patellares 99 E. characias subsp. wulfenii1 E. erubescens1 E. erubescens2 E. oblongifolia1 E. characias subsp. characias5 E. characias subsp. characias2 96 E. macroceras1 E. oblongifolia2 74 E. macroceras2 98 E. calyptrata4 100 E. calyptrata1 E. calyptrata2 97 76 E. calyptrata3 sect. Calyptratae 100 E. connata2 E. connata1 99 E. alaica1 99 E. alaica2 E. heteradena2 100 68 E. heteradena1 E. serrata1 100 E. serrata2 sect. Chylogala 100 E. serrata3 89 E. retusa2 100 E. retusa1 E. retusa3 100 E. grossheimii1 82 E. grossheimii2 64 E. turkestanica 60 85 E. caeladenia E. bungei2 E. bungei1 87 sect. Sclerocyathium 100 E. altotibetica 100 E. kozlovii 99 E. tibetica2 86 E. tibetica1 E. schugnanica E. sclerocyathium 54 E. hercegovina 67 E. nicaeensis3 81 E. nicaeensis1 E. nicaeensis2 98 E. nicaeensis4 68 E. glareosa E. stepposa1 76 E. pannonica E. stepposa2 71 E. petrophila 82 E. barrelieri1 98 E. kerneri 84 E. triflora E. barrelieri3 97 E. barrelieri2 56 E. segueriana1 98 E. segueriana3 E. segueriana2 E. niciciana E. humilis 100 E. falcata1 62 97 E. falcata4 89 E. falcata3 E. falcata2 E. saxatilis 98 E. matritensis1 sect. Pithyusa E. matritensis2 86 58 E. minuta2 92 E. transtagana1 E. transtagana2 50 E. minuta1 E. polycaula 88 94 E. kopetdaghi2 100 E. kopetdaghi1 E. kopetdaghi3 82 E. acanthodes 84 E. gypsicola1 86 E. gypsicola2 E. teheranica 96 E. microsciadia1 99 E. sahendi2 E. sahendi1 E. microsciadia2 73 E. spartiformis 64 E. gedrosiaca 65 E. plebeia1 98 E. prolifera E. erythradenia 92 E. plebeia2 100 E. boetica1 94 E. pithyusa3 59 E. pithyusa4 100 E. pithyusa2 95 E. pithyusa1 100 E. cassia1 100 E. cassia2 E. gaillardotii E. lathyris3 68 E. lathyris2 100 E. lathyris4 sect. Lathyris E. lathyris1 99 E. oxyphylla1 86 E. oxyphylla2 67 E. fontqueriana2 E. fontqueriana1
71 E. marschalliana 90 E. veneris E. rigida1 E. rigida2 80 E. myrsinites3 sect. Myrsiniteae E. myrsinites4 76 E. myrsinites1 E. myrsinites2 97 E. denticulata1 81 E. craspedia1 92 E. craspedia2 56 E. aleppica2 67 E. lagascae3 100 E. lagascae1 99 E. lagascae2 100 E. phymatosperma2 sect. Lagascae 100 E. phymatosperma3 E. phymatosperma1 90 E. mellifera4 E. mellifera3 98 E. mellifera2 100 E. mellifera1 E. stygiana 96 E. angulata4 98 E. angulata2
99 E. angulata1 E. angulata3 66 E. polychroma 84 E. gregersenii 93 E. epithymoides1 E. epithymoides2 100 E. fragifera2 78 E. fragifera1 68 E. purpurea8 59 E. purpurea4 E. purpurea3 E. purpurea6 E. purpurea2 100 E. purpurea7 E. purpurea1 E. purpurea5 100 E. macrocarpa1 E. macrocarpa2 E. velenovskyi3 E. velenovskyi2 55 93 E. velenovskyi1 100 E. depauperata3 82 E. depauperata4 87 E. depauperata1 86 E. depauperata2 98 E. dumalis1 E. dumalis3 100 E. dumalis2 51 E. sojakii 69 E. illirica2 66 E. austriaca 99 E. carpatica 73 E. semivillosa1 E. semivillosa2 E. valdevillosocarpa 96 E. procera E. palustris3 E. palustris2 90 98 E. palustris1 58 E. pilosa2 62 E. pilosa1 88 E. pilosa5 E. pilosa3 65 E. pilosa4 E. alpina2 E. alpina1 94 94 E. lamprocarpa1 72 E. lamprocarpa2 92 E. aristata E. subamplexicaulis 72 E. buchtormensis E. pachyrrhiza E. talastavica E. cashmeriana 53 E. transoxana 91 E. dulcis4 93 E. dulcis1 100 E. dulcis2 E. dulcis3 E. eugeniae 52 E. alatavica 91 E. mazandaranica1 Subgenus E. squamosa 99 E. fauriei2 Esula 100 E. fauriei1 91 E. pekinensis1 95 E. pekinensis2 86 93 E. lucorum E. micractina1 63 90 E. micractina2 99 E. jolkinii1 92 E. adenochlora E. jolkinii3 E. jolkinii2 99 E. jolkinii4 86 E. pyrenaica2 E. pyrenaica1 E. pyrenaica3 86 E. capitulata E. orientalis 78 E. flavicoma3 E. flavicoma1 sect. Helioscopia 51 E. flavicoma5 69 E. flavicoma2 67 E. flavicoma6 E. flavicoma7 E. flavicoma4 E. montenegrina1 E. montenegrina2 E. verrucosa1 E. verrucosa2 78 E. ceratocarpa1 98 E. corallioides E. ceratocarpa2 E. clementei1 E. clementei2 E. paniculata subsp. monchiquensis1 59 E. paniculata subsp. monchiquensis2 80 E. squamigera1 64 E. squamigera2 E. paniculata subsp. paniculata2 95 E. paniculata subsp. paniculata1 E. spinosa3 89 E. spinosa4 E. spinosa8 E. spinosa7 82 E. spinosa5 76 E. spinosa2 79 E. spinosa6 E. spinosa1 100 E. glabriflora1 E. glabriflora2 78 E. sultan-hassei1 51 E. sultan-hassei2 92 E. acanthothamnos2 74 E. acanthothamnos4 90 E. acanthothamnos1 E. acanthothamnos3 70 E. platyphyllos2 92 E. platyphyllos1 59 E. valerianifolia E. microsphaera 100 E. akenocarpa3 94 E. akenocarpa2 99 E. akenocarpa1 E. haussknechtii 60 E. stricta5 50 E. stricta3 100 E. stricta4 E. stricta2 81 E. stricta1 100 E. dimorphocaulon2 98 E. dimorphocaulon1 80 E. apios 93 E. condylocarpa2 E. condylocarpa1 E. hyberna2 100 E. hyberna1 99 E. spathulata2 79 E. spathulata1 61 E. alta E. spathulata4 100 E. texana E. spathulata3 100 E. oblongata1 E. oblongata2 100 E. helioscopia4 61 E. helioscopia1 76 E. helioscopia2 83 E. helioscopia6 100 E. helioscopia7 99 E. helioscopia5 98 E. helioscopia3 100 E. rhabdotosperma2 E. rhabdotosperma1 58 99 E. polygalifolia3 97 E. polygalifolia1 100 E. polygalifolia2 90 E. uliginosa1 71 E. uliginosa2 94 E. hirsuta1 100 E. hirsuta3 70 93 E. hirsuta2 E. hirsuta4 100 E. nereidum1 100 100 E. nereidum3 95 E. nereidum2 75 E. pterococca4 100 E. pterococca2 77 63 E. pterococca3 E. pterococca1 95 E. altaica2 82 E. altaica1 90 99 E. altaica3 E. carniolica 87 E. fistulosa 62 E. arguta 100 E. eriophora1 100 E. eriophora2 97 E. coniosperma3 100 E. coniosperma1 E. coniosperma2 E. isatidifolia1 100 E. isatidifolia2 58 E. isatidifolia3 64 E. yaroslavii E. lipskyi 97 97 E. ferganensis 100 E. rapulum2 E. rapulum1 66 E. komaroviana1 66 E. komaroviana2 E. rupestris1 100 E. rupestris2 sect. Holophyllum E. ebracteolata 94 E. species1 91 E. species2 E. wallichii1 E. wallichii2 79 E. himalayensis2 57 E. himalayensis1 52 100 E. stracheyi3 E. stracheyi1 93 E. stracheyi2 E. sarawschanica E. dregeana 60 E. larica E. obesa 89 E. smithii 99 82 E. masirahensis E. balsamifera E. antso 52 E. leucocephala 77 E. appariciana 50 E. pulcherrima 52 E. scatorhiza E. espinosa 74 61 E. milii E. resinifera E. lomelii 52 E. tirucalli E. pachysantha 100 Calycopeplus casuarinoides Neoguillauminia cleopatra
0.05
S1
Fig. S1. Maximum likelihood phylogram from RAxML analysis of the complete ITS dataset of Euphorbia subg. Esula and outgroups. Sections recognized in our classification are indicated on the right. Maximum likelihood bootstrap values (≥ 50%) are indicated above the branches. The scale bar indicates the mean number of nucleotide substitutions per site. TAXON 62 (2) • April 2013 Electr. Suppl. to: Riina & al. • Phylogeny and classification of Euphorbia subg. Esula
Fig. S2. Maximum likelihood phylogram E. esula1 from RAxML analysis of the complete E. virgata11 ndhF dataset of Euphorbia subg. Esula E. cyparissias3 and outgroups. Sections recognized in our E. virgata13 E. esula8 classification are indicated on the right. E. virgata12 Maximum likelihood bootstrap values E. cyparissias4 (≥ 50%) are indicated above the branches. E. cyparissias5
The scale bar indicates the mean number 93 100 E. nevadensis subsp. bolosii3 of nucleotide substitutions per site. E. nevadensis subsp. bolosii1 83 E. nevadensis subsp. nevadensis E. esula9 E. borealis6 61 E. borealis5 E. lucida2 E. salicifolia5 E. caesia1 E. cyparissias1 E. agraria1 E. discolor2 E. pancicii E. virgata10 60 E. virgata1 83 E. agraria3 sect. Esula 87 E. agraria4 60 E. esula12 E. variabilis E. salicifolia2 E. iberica5 90 E. iberica4 E. caesia3 E. hebecarpa1 E. valliniana E. species3 E. ericoides2 82 E. sclerophylla 80 E. muraltoides 60 E. genistoides2
99 E. natalensis 83 E. epicyparissias
100 E. glauca1 E. glauca2 E. cyparissioides 87 100 E. furcatifolia E. schimperiana1
71 E. tshuiensis3 99 E. tshuiensis1 E. tshuiensis4
82 E. arvalis subsp. longistyla 100 E. sulcata2 97 E. franchettii sect. Arvales E. arvalis subsp. arvalis1
78 E. furcillata1 78 E. pinkavana 94 E. furcillata2 97 E. neilmulleri 100 87 E. brachycera1 97 E. brachycera3 54 E. lurida1 sect. Tithymalus 66 E. peplus7 100 E. peplus2 82 E. peplus var. minima 100 E. commutata
100 E. herniariifolia1 E. herniariifolia3 97 E. isaurica
80 E. segetalis var. pinea 90 58 E. portlandica4 82 E. paralias6 88 E. paralias3 sect. Paralias E. portlandica3 100 70 E. segetalis var. segetalis7 E. azorica E. schimperi6 E. schimperi2 E. schimperi1 E. schimperi8 81 E. gossypina1 E. schimperi7 84 E. schimperi4 E. gossypina3 66 70 E. nubica2 59 E. nubica1 E. gossypina2 77 E. usambarica1 52 E. lateriflora1 83 E. mauritanica4 E. mauritanica2 sect. Aphyllis 54 E. stolonifera2 56 76 E. mauritanica5 E. orthoclada1 71 E. orthoclada2 77 E. berotica E. anachoreta1 63 E. regis-jubae2 61 E. pedroi2 74 E. regis-jubae4 E. aphylla2 72 E. bourgaeana1 99 E. aphylla4 E. atropurpurea3 60 83 E. bourgaeana3 E. lamarckii1 E. tuckeyana1 99 E. rimarum sect. Exiguae (in part) E. dracunculoides subsp. inconspicua
52 E. briquetii 99 E. megalatlantica4 sect. Biumbellatae 99 E. megalatlantica2 E. biumbellata2 85 99 E. terracina5 88 E. terracina4 sect. Pachycladae E. dendroides2 83 E. guyoniana1 sect. Guyonianae 77 E. x popovii 64 E. inderiensis1 65 E. inderiensis2 E. aserbajdzhanica 85 E. densiusculiformis 66 sect. Herpetorrhizae 73 E. densa3
57 100 E. densa4 100 66 E. densa1 E. densa5 E. turczaninowii1 E. macroceras3 E. macroceras1 E. amygdaloides1 69 E. amygdaloides5 E. oblongifolia1 E. characias subsp. wulfenii3 sect. Patellares 99 99 99 E. characias subsp. characias5 96 90 E. characias subsp. wulfenii1 68 77 E. characias subsp. characias4 E. characias subsp. characias6 E. erubescens1
100 E. exigua5 E. exigua3 sect. Exiguae (in part)
100 E. aucheri E. deltobracteata sect. Herpetorrhizae
63 64 E. szovitsii3 100 E. szovitsii2 sect. Szovitsiae 97 E. szovitsii4
99 E. heteradena2 98 E. alaica2 99 E. serrata3 sect. Chylogala E. retusa1
100 E. calyptrata3 E. connata1 sect. Calyptratae
100 E. grossheimii1 100 E. caeladenia sect. Sclerocyathium 100 E. bungei2 E. sclerocyathium
84 E. niciciana E. barrelieri1 E. barrelieri3 E. triflora E. kerneri E. hercegovina 69 E. nicaeensis2
88 E. nicaeensis4 70 E. glareosa 100 E. segueriana3 67 E. stepposa1
100 E. kopetdaghi3 61 E. kopetdaghi2 73 E. polycaula E. malleata sect. Pithyusa 70 E. cheiradenia 65 E. macroclada
99 E. matritensis1 100 E. transtagana1 E. minuta2 100 64 E. cassia1 94 E. gaillardotii E. pithyusa3
100 E. falcata1 E. falcata5 E. microsciadia1 86 59 66 E. gypsicola1 E. sahendi1 E. teheranica 100 65 E. boetica2
80 E. oxyphylla1 70 E. oxyphylla2 E. myrsinites1 56 E. rigida2
81 E. spinidens1 100 E. spinidens2 sect. Myrsiniteae E. veneris
100 99 E. craspedia2 E. denticulata2 E. aleppica2 100 E. aleppica1 E. glabriflora1 E. verrucosa2 E. verrucosa1 E. flavicoma1 E. flavicoma7 57 E. montenegrina1 66 E. flavicoma6 57 E. flavicoma5 E. flavicoma4 E. capitulata 65 E. mellifera3 E. stygiana
73 E. stricta1 100 E. valerianifolia 74 E. stricta4 E. platyphyllos1
98 E. akenocarpa3 86 E. akenocarpa2 E. haussknechtii E. sultan-hassei2 E. acanthothamnos2 E. oblongata1
95 E. texana 62 E. spathulata1 98 E. spinosa8 98 E. spinosa7
55 E. purpurea1 94 E. purpurea4 E. purpurea3 86 E. macrocarpa2 53 E. macrocarpa1 E. velenovskyi3
91 E. depauperata4 96 E. depauperata3 E. depauperata1 73 E. dumalis2 85 E. dumalis1 E. dumalis3 E. hyberna2 E. squamigera2 E. hyberna1 sect. Helioscopia E. fragifera2 63 E. gregersenii E. polychroma 57 E. fragifera1 E. paniculata subsp. paniculata2 54 65 E. corallioides E. paniculata subsp. monchiquensis1 E. ceratocarpa2 E. mazandaranica2 E. illirica1 E. austriaca E. talastavica E. sojakii E. lamprocarpa2 E. mazandaranica1 E. carpatica E. angulata4 E. semivillosa1 E. palustris1 57 56 E. dulcis4 95 E. dulcis2 E. jolkinii2 88 E. micractina1 E. pyrenaica1 85 E. pyrenaica3 E. uliginosa1 99 E. polygalifolia2 82 E. polygalifolia1 99 E. nereidum1 95 E. nereidum3
89 99 E. hirsuta2 E. hirsuta4
58 E. pterococca2 97 E. dimorphocaulon1 99 E. dimorphocaulon2 98 Subgenus 80 E. condylocarpa3 Esula E. condylocarpa2 100 E. helioscopia8 63 100 E. helioscopia6 93 E. helioscopia5 E. rhabdotosperma1
100 E. fistulosa 99 E. isatidifolia3 79 E. isatidifolia2 70 E. rupestris2 E. rapulum1
99 E. species2 E. species1 sect. Holophyllum 100 92 E. himalayensis2 83 E. stracheyi3 E. stracheyi1 E. stracheyi2 79 E. wallichii1 E. lagascae3 100 100 94 E. lagascae1 sect. Lagascae E. phymatosperma2
74 E. lathyris4 100 E. lathyris5 sect. Lathyris E. lathyris1
100 E. leucocephala 97 E. pulcherrima 90 E. appariciana 96 E. scatorhiza E. espinosa
100 64 E. lomelii 60 E. tirucalli E. milii 96 100 E. resinifera E. pachysantha 87 100 E. masirahensis 93 E. larica 99 E. balsamifera E. dregeana 100 95 E. obesa 100 E. smithii E. antso
100 Neoguillauminia cleopatra Calycopeplus casuarinoides 0.02
Fig. S2. Maximum likelihood phylogram from RAxML analysis of the complete ndhF dataset of Euphorbia subg. Esula and outgroups. Sections recognized in our classification are indicated on the right. Maximum likelihood bootstrap values (≥ 50%) are indicated above the branches. The scale bar indicates the mean number of nucleotide substitutions per site.
S2 TAXON 62 (2) • April 2013 Electr. Suppl. to: Riina & al. • Phylogeny and classification of Euphorbia subg. Esula
Fig. S3. Maximum likelihood phylogram E. esula10 from RAxML analysis of the combined E. cyparissias5 E. virgata12 98 ITS + ndhF dataset of Euphorbia subg. E. nevadensis subsp. bolosii3 Esula and outgroups. Sections recognized E. nevadensis subsp. nevadensis in our classification are indicated on the E. subcordata right. Maximum likelihood bootstrap E. borealis6 E. microcarpa1 values (≥ 50%) are indicated above the 51 E. jaxartica1 branches. The scale bar indicates the mean E. caesia3 number of nucleotide substitutions per site. E. hebecarpa1 E. dubovikii E. latifolia E. iberica4 E. salicifolia2 93 E. virgata10 E. jaxartica2 E. agraria3 E. esula13 E. caesia1 E. virgata1 E. pancicii E. cyrtophylla 97 E. leptocaula E. subtilis E. discolor2 E. agraria4 E. salicifolia5 sect. Esula E. uralensis E. cyparissias1 54 E. lucida2 69 E. nakaii E. octoradiata E. lunulata E. variabilis E. valliniana E. osyridae1 77 E. ericoides3 100 E. natalensis 76 E. epicyparissias 70 E. kraussiana2 92 57 E. striata 96 E. sclerophylla E. muraltoides E. erythrina 100 E. genistoides2 68 E. furcatifolia 99 E. schimperiana1 97 E. emirnensis 82 E. glauca1 75 E. rothiana2 E. cyparissioides 100 E. buhsei1 E. tshuiensis1 E. sieboldiana 100 E. sulcata2 77 E. arvalis subsp. longistyla 100 E. franchettii sect. Arvales E. arvalis subsp. arvalis1 82 E. pinkavana 81 E. furcillata1 98 E. furcillata2 61 97 E. neilmulleri 97 63 E. lurida1 E. brachycera3 sect. Tithymalus 100 E. commutata E. peplus2 100 99 E. peplus var. minima E. isaurica 96 E. herniariifolia1 E. paralias5 100 50 E. segetalis var. pinea E. portlandica4 E. segetalis var. segetalis7 62 E. maresii subsp. balearca sect. Paralias 81 E. azorica 100 E. trichotoma 95 E. taurinensis E. deflexa1 52 E. gossypina1 72 E. schimperi1 72 E. nubica1 76 E. calamiformis 68 E. schimperi6 50 E. papilionum 60 E. lateriflora1 E. gossypina2 99 E. usambarica1 E. mauritanica1 E. orthoclada2 52 sect. Aphyllis E. stolonifera2 E. berotica 62 E. tuckeyana1 100 E. regis-jubae2 70 E. pedroi2 67 E. anachoreta1 E. aphylla1 100 E. bourgaeana1 E. piscatoria E. lamarckii1 86 E. berthelotii2 E. bravoana E. atropurpurea2 100 E. dracunculoides subsp. inconspicua E. rimarum sect. Exiguae (in part) 100 E. briquetii 100 68 E. megalatlantica2 sect. Biumbellatae 90 E. biumbellata2 99 E. terracina5 E. dendroides4 sect. Pachycladae 51 E. guyoniana2 sect. Guyonianae E. medicaginea3 sect. Exiguae (in part) 67 52 E. exigua5 78 94 E. inderiensis2 77 E. aserbajdzhanica 100 E. turczaninowii1 E. consanguinea 100 E. kanaorica sect. Herpetorrhizae 99 E. densiusculiformis E. densa1 93 84 100 E. deltobracteata E. aucheri 94 E. amygdaloides5 93 64 E. amygdaloides1 E. oblongifolia1 53 92 E. macroceras1 sect. Patellares 100 E. characias subsp. characias6 E. characias subsp. wulfenii1 99 E. erubescens1 E. szovitsii2 sect. Szovitsiae 100 E. alaica2 100 E. heteradena2 100 E. serrata3 sect. Chylogala 100 E. retusa1 100 E. calyptrata2 E. connata1 sect. Calyptratae 100 E. altotibetica 100 E. kozlovii E. tibetica2 90 E. turkestanica 86 E. grossheimii1 sect. Sclerocyathium 96 E. caeladenia E. bungei2 100 E. schugnanica E. sclerocyathium 70 E. stepposa1 77 E. glareosa E. pannonica E. petrophila E. segueriana3 98 E. nicaeensis2 64 E. hercegovina 80 E. kerneri 70 E. barrelieri1 56 E. triflora E. barrelieri3 89 E. humilis E. niciciana 100 E. saxatilis E. acanthodes 55 E. polycaula 58 E. malleata 61 E. kopetdaghi3 51 E. macroclada sect. Pithyusa E. cheiradenia 84 70 E. transtagana1 E. minuta2 100 E. matritensis1 58 E. microsciadia1 78 E. sahendi1 64 E. teheranica E. gypsicola1 E. boetica2 53 E. gedrosiaca E. spartiformis 59 E. plebeia1 98 E. prolifera E. erythradenia 100 E. boetica1 E. falcata1 99 E. cassia1 99 E. gaillardotii E. pithyusa3 87 E. oxyphylla2 100 57 E. fontqueriana1 63 E. marschalliana E. rigida2 53 E. veneris 72 E. myrsinites1 sect. Myrsiniteae 100 E. spinidens2 99 E. craspedia2 95 E. denticulata1 E. aleppica2 60 E. austriaca 64 E. sojakii 56 E. carpatica 98 E. illirica2 E. semivillosa1 E. valdevillosocarpa 77 E. procera E. palustris1 71 E. pilosa5 71 E. alpina1 92 E. lamprocarpa2 E. aristata 57 E. buchtormensis 75 E. subamplexicaulis E. pachyrrhiza E. talastavica 54 E. transoxana E. cashmeriana E. eugeniae E. alatavica E. dulcis4 79 E. polychroma 96 E. gregersenii 96 E. epithymoides2 E. fragifera2 E. angulata4 94 E. hyberna1 92 E. mazandaranica1 E. squamosa 100 E. fauriei2 95 E. pekinensis1 71 E. lucorum 74 E. micractina1 94 E. adenochlora 57 E. jolkinii2 E. pyrenaica1 88 E. spathulata1 100 E. alta E. texana E. oblongata1 E. orientalis 92 E. depauperata1 sect. Helioscopia E. dumalis1 E. macrocarpa1 E. purpurea1 E. velenovskyi3 E. capitulata E. stygiana 100 E. mellifera3 90 E. corallioides 65 E. ceratocarpa2 57 E. clementei2 100 90 E. paniculata subsp. monchiquensis1 E. squamigera2
51 E. verrucosa1 72 E. flavicoma1 100 E. montenegrina1 E. acanthothamnos2 E. sultan-hassei2 95 E. spinosa8 87 E. glabriflora1 59 54 E. stricta1 68 E. valerianifolia 62 E. platyphyllos1 91 E. microsphaera E. haussknechtii 76 E. akenocarpa3 91 97 E. apios E. dimorphocaulon2 100 E. condylocarpa2 100 E. uliginosa1 59 E. polygalifolia1 79 94 E. nereidum1 Subgenus 100 E. hirsuta2 E. pterococca2 Esula 80 E. altaica2 97 100 E. carniolica 100 E. helioscopia5 E. rhabdotosperma1 97 96 67 E. arguta 100 E. fistulosa E. eriophora1 E. coniosperma1 67 E. yaroslavii 98 E. lipskyi 66 E. ferganensis 100 E. isatidifolia3 E. rupestris2 E. rapulum1 E. ebracteolata sect. Holophyllum 78 E. species1 E. stracheyi2 90 E. himalayensis2 72 E. wallichii1 100 73 E. komaroviana1 E. sarawschanica 100 E. lagascae1 E. phymatosperma2 sect. Lagascae E. lathyris1 sect. Lathyris 68 E. tirucalli 64 E. lomelii 97 100 E. resinifera E. milii E. pachysantha 100 99 E. pulcherrima 100 E. leucocephala 56 E. appariciana 100 E. scatorhiza E. espinosa 63 57 E. larica 67 E. masirahensis 94 E. balsamifera 100 E. dregeana 94 E. obesa 100 E. smithii 0.02 E. antso 100 Calycopeplus casuarinoides Neoguillauminia cleopatra
Fig. S3. Maximum likelihood phylogram from RAxML analysis of the combined ITS +ndhF dataset of Euphorbia subg. Esula and outgroups. Sections recognized in our classification are indicated on the right. Maximum likelihood bootstrap values (≥ 50%) are indicated above the branches. The scale bar indicates the mean number of nucleotide substitutions per site.
S3 TAXON 62 (2) • April 2013 Electr. Suppl. to: Riina & al. • Phylogeny and classification of Euphorbia subg. Esula
Appendix S1. Taxon, origin, voucher information (herbarium acronym), and ITS and ndhF GenBank accession numbers for samples included in the phyloge- netic analyses. GenBank accession numbers for newly generated sequences are preceded by an asterisk (*). A region that was not sequenced for a particular sample is indicated by a dash (–). Calycopeplus casuarinoides L.S. Sm., cult., V. Steinmann 1407 (RSA), AF537580, JN249080; Euphorbia acanthodes Akhani, Iran, H. Akhani 14782 (IRAN), *KC212160, –; Euphorbia acanthothamnos Heldr. & Sart. ex Boiss. 1, Greece, R. Riina 1562 (MICH), HQ900573, –; Euphorbia acanthothamnos Heldr. & Sart. ex Boiss. 2, Greece, R. Riina 1563 (MICH), JQ750879, JQ750756; Euphorbia acanthothamnos Heldr. & Sart. ex Boiss. 3, cult., V. Steinmann 1425 (RSA), AF537554, –; Euphorbia acanthothamnos Heldr. & Sart. ex Boiss. 4, Greece, R. Riina 1563 (duplicate) (MICH), JN250103, JN249094; Euphorbia adenochlora C. Morren & Decne., Japan, Oita 01393 (SAPS), *KC212161, –; Euphorbia agraria M. Bieb. 1, Bulgaria, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 11257 (IB), JN010022, *KC212432; Euphorbia agraria M. Bieb. 2, Ukraine, V. Byalt s.n. (LE), GU984309, –; Euphorbia agraria M. Bieb. 3, U.S.A., P. Berry 7969 (MICH), *KC212162, *KC212433; Euphorbia agraria M. Bieb. 4, U.S.A., R. McGregor 31711 (RM), *KC212163, *KC212434; Euphorbia agraria M. Bieb. 5, Serbia, D. Geltman 183 (LE), *KC212164, –; Euphorbia akenocarpa Guss. 1, Spain, B. Frajman 12516 (IB), JN010023, –; Euphorbia akenocarpa Guss. 2, Spain, L. Barres & al. BCN53041 (duplicate) (MICH), JN250108, JN249098; Euphorbia akenocarpa Guss. 3, Spain, L. Barres & al. BCN53041 (BCN), HQ900574, *KC212435; Euphorbia alaica (Prokh.) Prokh. 1, Kyrgyzstan, G. Lazkov s.n. (duplicate) (LE), GU984323, –; Euphorbia alaica (Prokh.) Prokh. 2, Kyrgyzstan, G. Lazkov s.n. (LE), *KC212165, *KC212436; Euphorbia alatavica Boiss., Kyrgyzstan, G. Lazkov s.n. (LE), GU953741, –; Euphorbia aleppica L. 1, Iran, H. Akhani s.n. (Herb. Akhani), –, *KC212437; Euphorbia aleppica L. 2, Iran, Y. Salmaki & al. 39899 (TUH), *KC212166, *KC212438; Euphorbia alpina Ledeb. 1, Russia, P. Berry 7980 (MICH), *KC212167, –; Euphorbia alpina Ledeb. 2, Russia, P. Berry 7983 (MICH), *KC212168, –; Euphorbia alta Norton, U.S.A., A. Sanders 5905 (RSA), AF537553, –; Euphorbia altaica Ledeb. 1, Russia, D. Geltman 143 (LE), *KC212169, –; Euphorbia altaica Ledeb. 2, Russia, D. Geltman 27 (LE), GU979429, –; Euphorbia altaica Ledeb. 3, Russia, P. Berry 8002 (MICH), *KC212170, –; Euphorbia altotibetica Paulsen in S. Hedin, China, H. Ting Meng & al. 400 (PE), *KC212171, –; Euphorbia amygdaloides L. 1, Bosnia, M. Turjak & B. Frajman 11821 (IB), JN010024, *KC212439; Euphorbia amygdaloides L. 2, Serbia, D. Geltman 194 (LE), *KC212172, –; Euphorbia amygdaloides L. 3, Spain, J. Molero 19/2007 (BCN), HQ900575, –; Euphorbia amygdaloides L. 4, cult., V. Steinmann 1428 (RSA), AF537544, –; Euphorbia amygdaloides L. 5, U.S.A. cult., B. van Ee 743 (US), JN250111, JN249101; Euphorbia anachoreta Svent. 1, Spain, B. Dorsey 18 (MICH), *KC212173, *KC212440; Euphorbia anachoreta Svent. 2, Portugal, no collector - cultivated (BC), HQ900576, –; Euphorbia angulata Jacq. 1, Austria, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 11105 (IB), JN010025, –; Euphorbia angulata Jacq. 2, Slovenia, B. Frajman & P. Schön- swetter 11134 (IB), JN010026, –; Euphorbia angulata Jacq. 3, Spain, J. Molero & A. Rovira BCN53622 (MICH), *KC212174, –; Euphorbia angulata Jacq. 4, Germany, J. Esser 06–26 (M), *KC212175, *KC212441; Euphorbia antso Denis, cult., V. Steinmann 1473 (RSA), JN250112, JN249102; Euphorbia aphylla Brouss. ex Willd. 1, Spain, B. Dorsey 4 (duplicate) (MICH), KC019581, –; Euphorbia aphylla Brouss. ex Willd. 2, Spain, B. Dorsey 4 (MICH), JN250113, JN249103; Euphorbia aphylla Brouss. ex Willd. 3, Spain, J. Molero 2/2007 (BCN), HQ900577, –; Euphorbia aphylla Brouss. ex Willd. 4, cult., V. Steinmann 1466 (RSA), AF537540, AF538225; Euphorbia apios L., Greece, W. Gutermann 25543 (Herb. Gutermann), JN010027, –; Euphorbia appariciana Rizzini, cult., V. Steinmann 1442 (RSA), JN250114, JN249104; Euphorbia arguta Banks & Sol., Cyprus, R. Meikle 2237 (LE), *KC212176, –; Euphorbia aristata Schmalh., Russia, D. Geltman s.n. (LE), GU979434, –; Euphorbia arvalis subsp. arvalis Boiss. & Heldr. 1, Iran, V. Mozaffarian & M. Norouzi 34533 (TARI), *KC212177, *KC212442; Euphorbia arvalis subsp. arvalis Boiss. & Heldr. 2, Armenia, G. Fayvush & al. 1437 (LE), *KC212179, –; Euphorbia arvalis subsp. longistyla (Litard. & Maire) Molero, Rovira & Vicens, Morocco, R. Riina 1788 (MICH), *KC212178, *KC212443; Euphorbia aserbajdzhanica Bordz., Iran, A. Pahlevani & Asef 47796 (IRAN), *KC212180, *KC212444; Euphorbia atropurpurea Brouss. ex Willd. 1, Spain, J. Molero 5/2007 (BCN), HQ900579, –; Euphorbia atropurpurea Brouss. ex Willd. 2, cult., V. Steinmann 1489 (RSA), AF537542, –; Euphorbia atropurpurea Brouss. ex Willd. 3, Spain, B. Dorsey 26 (MICH), –, *KC212445; Euphorbia aucheri Boiss., Iran, S. Zarre & al. 38189 (TUH), *KC212181, *KC212446; Euphorbia austriaca A. Kern., Austria, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 11382 (IB), JN010028, *KC212447; Euphorbia azorica Hochst. in M.A. Seubert, Portugal, J. Molero & al. BCN 86828 (BCN), *KC212182, *KC212448; Euphorbia balsamifera Aiton, Spain, B. Dorsey 3 (MICH), JN250117, JN249107; Euphorbia barrelieri Savi 1, Bulgaria, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 11312 (IB), JN010029, *KC212449; Euphorbia barrelieri Savi 2, Italy, R. Vilatersana & al. 1235 (duplicate) (BC), HQ900583, –; Euphor- bia barrelieri Savi 3, Italy, R. Vilatersana & al. 1235 (BC), *KC212183, *KC212450; Euphorbia berotica N.E. Br., Angola, P. Bruyns 10685 (BOL), *KC212184, *KC212451; Euphorbia berthelotii Bolle ex Boiss. 1, Spain, B. Dorsey 54 (MICH), *KC212185, –; Euphorbia berthelotii Bolle ex Boiss. 2, Spain, J. Molero 25/2007 (BCN), HQ900585, –; Euphorbia biumbellata Poir. 1, Spain, B. Frajman 12550 (IB), JN010030, –; Euphorbia biumbellata Poir. 2, Spain, J. Molero 26/2007 (duplicate) (BCN), *KC212186, *KC212452; Euphorbia biumbellata Poir. 3, Spain, J. Molero 26/2007 (BCN), HQ900586, –; Euphorbia boetica Boiss. 1, Spain, J. Molero 18/2007 (BCN), *KC212187, –; Euphorbia boetica Boiss. 2, Spain, J. Molero 22/2007 (BCN), –, *KC212453; Euphorbia borealis Baikov 1, Russia, D. Geltman 114 (LE), *KC212188, –; Euphorbia borealis Baikov 2, Russia, D. Geltman 19 (LE), *KC212189, –; Euphorbia borealis Baikov 3, Russia, D. Geltman 48 (LE), *KC212190, –; Euphorbia borealis Baikov 4, Russia, V. Nikitin & al. 469 (LE), GU984319, –; Euphorbia borealis Baikov 5, Russia, P. Berry 7979 (MICH), *KC212191, *KC212454; Euphorbia borealis Baikov 6, Russia, P. Berry 7982 (MICH), *KC212192, *KC212455; Euphorbia bourgaeana J. Gay ex Boiss. 1, Spain, B. Dorsey 31 (MICH), *KC212193, *KC212456; Euphorbia bourgaeana J. Gay ex Boiss. 2, Spain, J. Molero 11/2007 (BCN), HQ900587, –; Euphorbia bourgaeana J. Gay ex Boiss. 3, cult., P. Berry 7851 (MICH), JN250121, JN249111; Euphorbia brachycera Engelm. 1, U.S.A., P. Berry 7968 (MICH), –, *KC212457; Euphorbia brachycera Engelm. 2, U.S.A., V. Steinmann 1429 (RSA), AF537533, –; Euphorbia brachycera Engelm. 3, U.S.A., B. van Ee 1010 (MICH), *KC212194, *KC212458; Euphorbia bravoana Svent., Spain, A. Fernández-Lopez & J. Molero 08/2007 (BCN), HQ900588, –; Euphorbia briquetii Emb. & Maire, Morocco, R. Riina 1801 (MICH), *KC212195, *KC212459; Euphorbia buchtormensis Ledeb., Kazakhstan, S. Smirnov s.n. (LE), *KC212196, –; Euphorbia buhsei Boiss. 1, Turkmenistan, D. Kurbanov s.n. (LE), *KC212197, –; Euphorbia buhsei Boiss. 2, Iran, S. Zarre & al. 39972 (TUH), JF732987, –; Euphorbia bungei Boiss. 1, Turkmenistan, V. Botschantsev 82 (LE), *KC212198, –; Euphorbia bungei Boiss. 2, Iran, Y. Salmaki 39930 (TUH), *KC212199, *KC212460; Euphorbia caeladenia Boiss., Iran, A. Pahlevani & Bahramishad 53777 (IRAN), *KC212200, *KC212461; Euphor- bia caesia Kar. & Kir. 1, Austria, W. Till 12591 (IB), JN010031, *KC212462; Euphorbia caesia Kar. & Kir. 2, Russia, A. Muldashev & A. Galeeva 89 (LE), GU984318, –; Euphorbia caesia Kar. & Kir. 3, Russia, P. Berry 7991 (MICH), –, *KC212463; Euphorbia calamiformis P.R.O. Bally & S. Carter, Kenya, S. Carter & B. Stannard 558 (K), HQ900589, –; Euphorbia calyptrata Coss. & Durieu 1, Morocco, E. Batriu & al. s.n. (BCN), HQ900590, –; Euphorbia ca- lyptrata Coss. & Durieu 2, Morocco, R. Riina 1810 (duplicate) (MICH), *KC212201, –; Euphorbia calyptrata Coss. & Durieu 3, Morocco, R. Riina 1810 (MICH), JN250123, JN249113; Euphorbia calyptrata Coss. & Durieu 4, Morocco, D. Podlech 45138 (RSA), AF537549, –; Euphorbia capitulata Rchb., Bosnia, M. Turjak & B. Frajman 11838 (IB), JN010032, *KC212465; Euphorbia carniolica Jacq., Bosnia, M. Turjak & B. Frajman 11836 (IB), JN010033, –; Euphorbia carpatica Wol., Romania, A. Csergö 12463 (IB), JN010034, *KC212466; Euphorbia cashmeriana Royle, Afghanistan, L. Edelberg 781 (W), HQ900592, –; Euphorbia cassia Boiss. 1, Cyprus, M. Galbany & al. 2035 (duplicate) (BC), *KC212202, *KC212467; Euphorbia cassia Boiss. 2, Cyprus, M. Galbany & al. 2035 (BC), HQ900593, –; Euphorbia ceratocarpa Ten. 1, Italy, R. Vilatersana & al. 1141 (BC), HQ900594, –; Euphorbia ceratocarpa Ten. 2, Italy, R. Vilatersana & al. 1141 (duplicate) (BC), *KC212203, *KC212468; Euphorbia characias subsp. characias L. 1, France, B. Frajman & P. Schönswet- ter 11443 (IB), JN010036, –; Euphorbia characias subsp. characias L. 2, Ukraine, V. Byalt & al. 293 (LE), GU984304, –; Euphorbia characias subsp. characias L. 3, Spain, L. Barres 21 (BC), HQ900595, –; Euphorbia characias subsp. characias L. 4, Greece, R. Riina 1559 (MICH), *KC212204, *KC212469; Euphorbia characias subsp. characias L. 5, U.S.A., B. van Ee 718 (US), JN250125, JN249115; Euphorbia characias subsp. characias L. 6, France, P. Berry 7917 (MICH), *KC212205, *KC212470; Euphorbia characias subsp. wulfenii (Hoppe ex W. Koch) Radcl.-Sm. 1, Croatia, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 11550 (IB), JN010120, *KC212684; Euphorbia characias subsp. wulfenii (Hoppe ex W. Koch) Radcl.-Sm. 2, cult., P. Berry 7847 (duplicate) (MICH), *KC212428, –; Euphorbia characias subsp. wulfenii (Hoppe ex W. Koch) Radcl.-Sm. 3, cult., P. Berry 7847 (MICH), JN250126, JN249116; Euphorbia cheiradenia Boiss. & Hohen., Iran, Y. Salmaki & S. Zarre 39920 (TUH), –, *KC212471; Euphorbia clementei Boiss. 1, Morocco, J. Molero BCN49327 (BCN), HQ900596, –; Euphorbia clementei Boiss. 2, Morocco, R. Riina 1789 (MICH), *KC212206, –; Euphorbia commutata Engelm. ex A. Gray, Canada, M. Oldham 14724
S4 TAXON 62 (2) • April 2013 Electr. Suppl. to: Riina & al. • Phylogeny and classification of Euphorbia subg. Esula
Appendix S1. Continued. (MICH), *KC212207, *KC212472; Euphorbia condylocarpa M. Bieb. 1, Russia, D. Geltman 37 (LE), GU979426, –; Euphorbia condylocarpa M. Bieb. 2, Iran, Y. Salmaki & al. 39955 (TUH), *KC212208, *KC212473; Euphorbia condylocarpa M. Bieb. 3, Georgia, A. Gröger 1624 (M), –, *KC212474; Euphorbia co- niosperma Boiss. & Buhse 1, Armenia, L. Vakhtina s.n. (LE), *KC212209, –; Euphorbia coniosperma Boiss. & Buhse 2, Armenia, E. Vitek & al. 05–1171 (W), HQ900578, –; Euphorbia coniosperma Boiss. & Buhse 3, Armenia, L. Vakhtina s.n. (duplicate) (LE), *KC212210, –; Euphorbia connata Boiss. 1, Iran, Y. Salmaki & al. 39937 (TUH), *KC212211, *KC212475; Euphorbia connata Boiss. 2, Iran, S. Zarre & al. 39940 (TUH), JF732982, –; Euphorbia consanguinea Schrenk, Turkmenistan, V. Botschantsev 410 (LE), *KC212212, –; Euphorbia corallioides L., Italy, R. Vilatersana & al. 1161 (BC), HQ900597, *KC212476; Euphorbia craspedia Boiss. 1, Iran, P. Wendelbo & M. Assadi 16698 (LE), GU984326, –; Euphorbia craspedia Boiss. 2, Iran, Y. Salmaki & S. Zarre 14327 (TUH), *KC212213, *KC212477; Euphorbia cyparissias L. 1, Spain, J. Molero & L. Sáez 8/2007 (BCN), *KC212214, *KC212478; Euphorbia cyparissias L. 2, Spain, L. Barres 37 (BC), HQ900598, –; Euphorbia cyparissias L. 3, U.S.A., B. van Ee 721 (US), JN250133, JN249123; Euphorbia cyparissias L. 4, Aus- tria, G. Kleesadl 4237 (WU), JN010037, *KC212479; Euphorbia cyparissias L. 5, France, P. Berry 7916 (MICH), *KC212215, *KC212480; Euphorbia cypa- rissias × esula, Canada, M. Kim & K. Park 2001–0046, EU659760, –; Euphorbia cyparissioides Pax, Tanzania, J. Morawetz 463 (MICH), *KC212216, *KC212481; Euphorbia cyrtophylla (Prokh.) Prokh., Tadjikistan, I. Shibkova 2944 (LE), *KC212217, –; Euphorbia deflexa Sibth. & Sm. 1, Greece, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 11676 (IB), JN010038, –; Euphorbia deflexa Sibth. & Sm. 2, Greece, W. Lippert 18719 (LE), GU984334, –; Euphorbia deltobracteata (Prokh.) Prokh., Iran, M. Eskandari 53773 (IRAN), *KC212218, *KC212482; Euphorbia dendroides L. 1, Croatia, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 11544 (IB), JN010039, –; Euphorbia dendroides L. 2, Greece, R. Riina 1555 (MICH), JN250135, JN249125; Euphorbia dendroides L. 3, Italy, L. Barres & E. Mameli 36 (BC), HQ900599, –; Euphorbia dendroides L. 4, Greece, R. Riina 1555 (duplicate) (MICH), *KC212219, –; Euphorbia dendroides L. 5, Greece, A. Strid 25582 (RSA), AF537539, –; Euphorbia densa Schrenk 1, Iran, M. Eskandari s.n. (MICH), *KC212220, *KC212483; Euphorbia densa Schrenk 2, Pakistan, K. Re- chinger 28952 (W), HQ900600, –; Euphorbia densa Schrenk 3, Iran, F. Termeh s.n. (MICH), *KC212221, *KC212484; Euphorbia densa Schrenk 4, Iran, Y. Salmaki 38124 (TUH), *KC212222, *KC212485; Euphorbia densa Schrenk 5, Iran, Y. Salmaki & S. Zarre 39939 (TUH), *KC212223, *KC212486; Euphorbia densiusculiformis Popov, Uzbekistan, R. Kamelin 223 (LE), *KC212224, *KC212487; Euphorbia denticulata Lam. 1, Iran, K. Rechinger 47845 (W), HQ900601, –; Euphorbia denticulata Lam. 2, Iran, Y. Salmaki & al. 41008 (TUH), –, *KC212488; Euphorbia depauperata Hochst. ex A. Rich. 1, Tanzania, J. Morawetz 466 (MICH), *KC212225, *KC212489; Euphorbia depauperata Hochst. ex A. Rich. 2, Malawi, K. Kaunda & E. Tawakali 906 (NY), AF537556, –; Euphorbia depauperata Hochst. ex A. Rich. 3, Kenya, A. Sanchez 98 (MA), *KC212226, *KC212490; Euphorbia depauperata Hochst. ex A. Rich. 4, Kenya, P. Kirika cfm12 (MICH), *KC212227, *KC212491; Euphorbia dimorphocaulon P.H. Davis 1, Turkey, R. Riina 1673 (duplicate) (MA), JN250137, JN249127; Euphorbia dimorphocaulon P.H. Davis 2, Turkey, R. Riina 1673 (MA), *KC212228, *KC212492; Euphorbia discolor Ledeb. 1, Russia, D. McNeal 710 (RSA), AF537547, –; Euphorbia discolor Ledeb. 2, Russia, P. Schönswetter & A. Tribsch TG-12 (WU), JN010040, *KC212493; Euphorbia dracunculoides subsp. inconspicua (Ball) Maire, Algeria, J. Aldasoro 9811 (BCN), *KC212229, *KC212494; Euphorbia dregeana E. Mey. ex Boiss., South Africa, R. Becker 897 (PRE), JN250140, JN249130; Euphorbia dubovikii Oudejans, Russia, D. Geltman 23 (LE), GU984308, –; Euphorbia dulcis L. 1, Slovenia, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 11111 (IB), JN010041, –; Euphorbia dulcis L. 2, Spain, J. Molero & L. Saéz BCN54322 (BCN), *KC212230, *KC212495; Euphorbia dulcis L. 3, Czech Republic, P. Efimov & M. Heida 19 (LE), GU953743, –; Euphorbia dulcis L. 4, Austria, F. Schuhwerk 06–236 (M), *KC212231, *KC212496; Euphorbia dumalis S. Carter 1, Ethiopia, J. Aldasoro 10386 (BCN), *KC212232, *KC212497; Euphorbia dumalis S. Carter 2, Ethiopia, J. Aldasoro 10323 (BCN), *KC212233, *KC212498; Euphorbia dumalis S. Carter 3, Ethiopia, J. Aldasoro 10385 (BCF), *KC212234, *KC212499; Euphorbia ebracteolata Hayata, South Korea, Park 1010, EU659768, –; Euphorbia emirnensis Baker, Madagascar, T. Haevermans 95 (P), AJ508964, –; Euphorbia epicyparissias (E. Mey. ex Klotzsch & Garcke) Boiss., South Africa, A. Nicholas 2371 (PRE), *KC212235, *KC212500; Euphorbia epithymoides L. 1, Bulgaria, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 11306 (IB), JN010082, –; Euphorbia epithymoides L. 2, Czech Republic, P. Efimov & M. Heida 13 (LE), GU953742, –; Euphorbia ericoides Lam. 1, South Africa, D. Killick 4489 (MO), *KC212236, –; Euphorbia ericoides Lam. 2, South Africa, D. Killick 4489 (duplicate) (MO), JN250145, JN249134; Euphorbia ericoides Lam. 3, South Africa, P. Bruyns 11316 (BOL), *KC212237, –; Euphorbia eriophora Boiss. 1, Iran, M. Iranshahr 46720 (IRAN), *KC212238, –; Euphorbia eriophora Boiss. 2, Armenia, A. Takhtajan & E. Gabrielyan s.n. (LE), *KC212239, –; Euphorbia erubescens Boiss. 1, Iran, Y. Salmaki & al. 39954 (TUH), *KC212240, *KC212501; Euphorbia erubescens Boiss. 2, Iran, S. Zarre & al. 39986 (TUH), JF732985, –; Euphorbia erythradenia Boiss., Iran, A. Pahlevani & Bahramishad 53336 (IRAN), *KC212241, –; Euphorbia erythrina Link, South Africa, J. Meyer 1441 (PRE), *KC212242, –; Euphorbia espinosa Pax, cult., V. Steinmann 1494 (RSA), AF537416, AF538190; Euphorbia esula L. 1, Austria, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 11102 (IB), JN010043, *KC212502; Euphor- bia esula L. 2, Slovenia, B. Frajman 12414 (IB), JN010042, –; Euphorbia esula L. 3, Russia, D. Geltman 170 (LE), *KC212245, –; Euphorbia esula L. 4, Poland, D. Geltman 214 (LE), GU984311, –; Euphorbia esula L. 5, Poland, D. Geltman 216 (LE), GU984312, –; Euphorbia esula L. 6, Germany, Larsen & al. 130 (LE), GU984313, –; Euphorbia esula L. 7, South Korea, Chung 110, EU659749, –; Euphorbia esula L. 8, Germany, F. Schuhwerk 7/95 (M), *KC212246, *KC212505; Euphorbia esula L. 9, U.S.A., R. Halse 7366 (MICH), *KC212243, *KC212503; Euphorbia esula L. 10, U.S.A., V. Steinmann 1427 (RSA), AF537546, –; Euphorbia esula L. 11, U.S.A., K. Sytsma 7328 (WIS), JN250255, –; Euphorbia esula L. 12, U.S.A., P. Berry 7974 (MICH), *KC212244, *KC212504; Euphorbia eugeniae Prokh., Georgia, D. Geltman 57a (LE), GU979428, –; Euphorbia exigua L. 1, Spain, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 11537 (IB), JN010044, –; Euphorbia exigua L. 2, Spain, A. Carrillo & al. 1906 (BCN), GU984325, –; Euphorbia exigua L. 3, Portugal, R. Riina 1550 (duplicate) (MICH), JN250146, JN249136; Euphorbia exigua L. 4, Spain, L. Barres & al. 44 (BC), HQ900606, –; Euphorbia exigua L. 5, Portugal, R. Riina 1550 (MICH), *KC212247, *KC212506; Euphorbia falcata L. 1, Bulgaria, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 11347 (IB), JN010046, *KC212507; Euphorbia falcata L. 2, Spain, B. Frajman 12530 (IB), JN010045, –; Euphorbia falcata L. 3, Russia, Y. Menitsky & T. Popova s.n. (LE), GU984328, –; Euphorbia falcata L. 4, Spain, L.Barres & al. 42 (BC), HQ900607, –; Euphorbia falcata L. 5, Spain, R. Riina 1860 (MA), –, *KC212508; Euphorbia fauriei H. Lév. & Vaniot 1, South Korea, Kim & Tho 2001–0011, EU659765, –; Euphorbia fauriei H. Lév. & Vaniot 2, South Korea, Tho & J.H. Kim 2001–0002, EU659767, –; Euphorbia ferganensis B. Fedtsch., Kyrgyzstan, R. Kamelin 1311 (LE), *KC212248, –; Euphorbia fistulosa M.S. Khan, Turkey, P. Davis 28230 (LE), *KC212249, *KC212509; Euphor- bia flavicoma DC. 1, Spain, J. Molero & al. BCN53617 (duplicate) (MICH), JN250152, JN249142; Euphorbia flavicoma DC. 2, Spain, J. Molero BCN53024 (BCN), HQ900608, –; Euphorbia flavicoma DC. 3, Spain, J. Molero & al. BCN53617 (MICH), *KC212250, –; Euphorbia flavicoma DC. 4, Spain, J. Molero & al. BCN53614 (BCN), *KC212251, *KC212510; Euphorbia flavicoma DC. 5, Spain, J. Molero & al. BCN53620 (MICH), *KC212252, *KC212511; Euphor- bia flavicoma DC. 6, Spain, R. Riina 1870 (MA), *KC212253, *KC212512; Euphorbia flavicoma DC. 7, Spain, R. Riina 1759 (BCF), *KC212254, *KC212513; Euphorbia fontqueriana Greuter 1, Spain, B. Frajman 12546 (IB), JN010047, –; Euphorbia fontqueriana Greuter 2, Spain, L. Saéz s.n. (BCB), HQ900609, –; Euphorbia fragifera Jan 1, Slovenia, Bacic 11126 (IB), JN010048, *KC212514; Euphorbia fragifera Jan 2, cult., R. Riina 1841 (MA), *KC212255, *KC212515; Euphorbia franchetii B. Fedtsch., Iran, Y. Salmaki & al. 38179 (TUH), *KC212256, *KC212516; Euphorbia furcatifolia M.G. Gilbert, Ethiopia, J. Aldasoro 10266 (BCN), *KC212257, *KC212517; Euphorbia furcillata Kunth 1, Mexico, M. Salinas & al. 800 (MEXU), –, *KC212518; Euphorbia furcillata Kunth 2, Mexico, V. Steinmann 5844 (IEB), –, *KC212464; Euphorbia gaillardotii Boiss. & Blanche, Turkey, H. Haussknecht s.n (LE), *KC212258, *KC212519; Eu- phorbia gedrosiaca Rech.f., Aellen & Esfand., Iran, A. Pahlevani & Bahramishad 53344 (IRAN), *KC212259, –; Euphorbia genistoides P.J. Bergius 1, South Africa, P. Bruyns 9314 (BOL), AM040770, –; Euphorbia genistoides P.J. Bergius 2, South Africa, J. Morawetz 301 (MICH), *KC212260, *KC212520; Eu- phorbia glabriflora Vis. 1, Bosnia, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 12391 (IB), JN010049, *KC212521; Euphorbia glabriflora Vis. 2, Serbia, D. Geltman 184 (LE), GU979427, –; Euphorbia glareosa Pall. ex M. Bieb., Austria, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 11100 (IB), JN010050, *KC212522; Euphorbia glauca G. Forst. 1, New Zealand, P. Garnock-Jones 2844, *KC212261, *KC212523; Euphorbia glauca G. Forst. 2, New Zealand, J. Wotherspoon s.n., *KC212262, *KC212524; Euphorbia gossypina Pax 1, Kenya, J. Morawetz 399 (MICH), *KC212263, *KC212525; Euphorbia gossypina Pax 2, Tanzania, J. Morawetz 439 (MICH), *KC212264, *KC212526; Euphorbia gossypina Pax 3, Tanzania, J. Morawetz 442 (MICH), *KC212265, *KC212527; Euphorbia gossypina Pax 4, Tanzania, M. Richards 23502 (K), HQ900610, –; Euphorbia gregersenii K. Malý ex Beck, Bosnia, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 12554 (IB), JN010051,
S5 TAXON 62 (2) • April 2013 Electr. Suppl. to: Riina & al. • Phylogeny and classification of Euphorbia subg. Esula
Appendix S1. Continued. *KC212528; Euphorbia grossheimii (Prokh.) Prokh. 1, Iran, Y. Salmaki & S. Zarre 41012 (TUH), *KC212266, *KC212529; Euphorbia grossheimii (Prokh.) Prokh. 2, Iran, Y. Salmaki & S. Zarre 41012 (duplicate) (TUH), JF732981, –; Euphorbia guyoniana Boiss. & Reut. 1, Morocco, R. Riina 1797 (MICH), JN250164, JN249155; Euphorbia guyoniana Boiss. & Reut. 2, Morocco, R. Riina 1797 (duplicate) (MICH), *KC212267, –; Euphorbia gypsicola Rech.f. & Aellen 1, Iran, Y. Salmaki & S. Zarre 41011 (TUH), *KC212268, *KC212530; Euphorbia gypsicola Rech.f. & Aellen 2, Iran, S. Zarre & al. 38012 (TUH), JF732976, –; Eu- phorbia haussknechtii Boiss., Syria, H. Haussknecht s.n (LE), *KC212269, *KC212531; Euphorbia hebecarpa Boiss. 1, Iran, Y. Salmaki & S. Zarre 31841 (TUH), *KC212270, *KC212532; Euphorbia hebecarpa Boiss. 2, Iran, S. Zarre & al. 39987 (TUH), JF732989, –; Euphorbia helioscopia L. 1, South Africa, P. Bruyns 9315 (BOL), AM040775, –; Euphorbia helioscopia L. 2, Ukraine, V. Byalt & al. 356 (LE), GU979437, –; Euphorbia helioscopia L. 3, Spain, R. Riina 1607 (MICH), JN250168, JN249158; Euphorbia helioscopia L. 4, Spain, L. Barres & al. 6 (BC), HQ900612, –; Euphorbia helioscopia L. 5, Spain, R. Riina 1607 (duplicate) (MICH), JQ750880, JQ750809; Euphorbia helioscopia L. 6, Austria, W. Till 4529 (WU), JN010052, *KC212533; Euphorbia heliosco- pia L. 7, China, W. Jin 010 (MICH), *KC212271, –; Euphorbia helioscopia L. 8, Spain, R. Riina 1858 (MA), –, *KC212534; Euphorbia hercegovina Beck, Bosnia, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 12135 (IB), JN010053, *KC212535; Euphorbia herniariifolia Willd. 1, Greece, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 11668 (IB), JN010054, *KC212536; Euphorbia herniariifolia Willd. 2, Greece, R. Riina 1571 (duplicate 2) (MICH), HQ900613, –; Euphorbia herniariifolia Willd. 3, Greece, R. Riina 1571 (duplicate) (MICH), JN250169, JN249159; Euphorbia herniariifolia Willd. 4, Greece, R. Riina 1571 (MICH), *KC212272, –; Eu- phorbia heteradena Jaub. & Spach 1, Azerbaijan, E. Gogina s.n. (LE), GU984324, –; Euphorbia heteradena Jaub. & Spach 2, Iran, S. Zarre & Y. Salmaki 39893 (TUH), *KC212273, *KC212537; Euphorbia himalayensis (Klotzsch) Boiss. 1, China, W. Jin 017 (MICH), *KC212392, –; Euphorbia himalayensis (Klotzsch) Boiss. 2, China, W. Jin 020 (MICH), *KC212393, *KC212648; Euphorbia hirsuta L. 1, Spain, P. Schönswetter 12026 (IB), JN010055, –; Euphor- bia hirsuta L. 2, Spain, R. Riina 1769 (duplicate) (MICH), JN250171, JN249161; Euphorbia hirsuta L. 3, Spain, J. Molero & A. Rovira 21/2007 (BCN), HQ900614, –; Euphorbia hirsuta L. 4, Spain, R. Riina 1769 (MICH), KC019730, KC019873; Euphorbia humilis Ledeb., Kyrgyzstan, G. Lazkov s.n. (LE), GU984329, –; Euphorbia hyberna L. 1, Spain/France, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 11436 (IB), JN010056, *KC212538; Euphorbia hyberna L. 2, France, R. Riina 1865 (MA), *KC212274, *KC212539; Euphorbia iberica Boiss. 1, Georgia, G. Schneeweiß & A. Tribsch 6886 (WU), JN010057, –; Euphorbia iberica Boiss. 2, Russia, D. Geltman 1 (LE), GU984310, –; Euphorbia iberica Boiss. 3, Armernia, E. Vitek 05–0912 (W), HQ900615, –; Euphorbia iberica Boiss. 4, Iran, A. Pahlevani & Asef 54569 (IRAN), *KC212275, *KC212540; Euphorbia iberica Boiss. 5, Georgia, A. Gröger 1688 (M), *KC212276, *KC212541; Eu- phorbia illirica Lam. 1, Spain, L. Barres 39 (BC), –, *KC212542; Euphorbia illirica Lam. 2, Slovenia, B. Frajman 12191 (IB), JN010116, –; Euphorbia inderiensis Less. ex Kar. & Kir. 1, Iran, Y. Salmaki & al. 38210 (TUH), –, *KC212543; Euphorbia inderiensis Less. ex Kar. & Kir. 2, Iran, A. Pahlevani 53762 (IRAN), *KC212277, *KC212544; Euphorbia isatidifolia Lam. 1, Spain, L. Barres & al. 30 (BC), HQ900617, –; Euphorbia isatidifolia Lam. 2, Spain, L. Barres & al. 30 (duplicate) (BC), *KC212278, *KC212545; Euphorbia isatidifolia Lam. 3, Spain, R. Riina 1867 (MA), *KC212279, *KC212546; Euphorbia isaurica M.S. Khan, Turkey, P. Davis 16189 (E), –, *KC212547; Euphorbia jaxartica (Prokh.) Krylov 1, Kyrgyzstan, G. Lazkov s.n. (LE), *KC212280, –; Euphorbia jaxartica (Prokh.) Krylov 2, Kazakhstan, D. Geltman 205 (LE), *KC212281, –; Euphorbia jolkinii Boiss. 1, South Korea, Kim & Tho 2001–0011 –, EU659765, –; Euphorbia jolkinii Boiss. 2, China, N. Yang 0935 (KUN), *KC212282, *KC212548; Euphorbia jolkinii Boiss. 3, China, W. Jin 018 (MICH), *KC212283, –; Euphorbia jolkinii Boiss. 4, China, W. Jin 019 (MICH), *KC212284, –; Euphorbia kanaorica Boiss., Tadjikistan, R. Kamelin s.n. (LE), *KC212285, –; Euphorbia kerneri Huter ex A. Kern., Italy, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 12076 (IB), JN010058, *KC212549; Euphorbia komaroviana Prokh. 1, Russia, P. Efimov & T. Moskalyuk 4 (LE), GU979439, –; Euphorbia komaroviana Prokh. 2, China, B.U. Oh s.n., EU659770, –; Euphorbia kopetdaghi (Prokh.) Prokh. 1, Turkmenistan, D. Kurbanov 761 (duplicate) (MO), *KC212286, –; Euphorbia kopetdaghi (Prokh.) Prokh. 2, Turkmenistan, D. Kurbanov 761 (MO), JN250177, JN249167; Euphorbia kopetdaghi (Prokh.) Prokh. 3, Iran, Y. Salmaki & al. 38185 (TUH), *KC212287, *KC212550; Euphorbia kozlovii Prokh., Mongolia, V. Grubov & al. 43 (LE), *KC212288, –; Euphorbia kraussiana Bernh. ex Krauss 1, South Africa, J. Burrows s.n. (PRE), *KC212289, –; Euphorbia kraussiana Bernh. ex Krauss 2, South Africa, P. Bruyns 11289 (BOL), *KC212290, –; Euphorbia kraussiana Bernh. ex Krauss 3, South Africa, M. Stalmans 372 (MO), AF537548, –; Euphorbia lagascae Spreng. 1, Spain, J. Molero & al. 18/2008 (duplicate) (BCN), *KC212291, *KC212551; Euphorbia lagascae Spreng. 2, Spain, J. Molero & al. 18/2008 (BCN), HQ900618, –; Euphorbia lagascae Spreng. 3, Spain, J. Molero 6/2007 (BCN), *KC212292, *KC212552; Euphorbia lamarckii Sweet 1, Spain, B. Dorsey 23 (MICH), *KC212293, *KC212553; Euphorbia lamarckii Sweet 2, Spain, J. Molero 6/2007 (BCN), HQ900619, –; Euphorbia lamprocarpa (Prokh.) Prokh. 1, Kyrgyzstan, G. Lazkov s.n. (LE), GU953745, –; Euphorbia lamprocarpa (Prokh.) Prokh. 2, Kazakhstan, D. Geltman 199 (LE), *KC212294, *KC212554; Euphorbia larica Boiss., Oman, J. Morawetz 350 (MICH), HQ900620, *KC212430; Euphor- bia lateriflora Schumach. 1, Ghana, C. Jongkind & al. 1720 (MO), JN250179, JN249169; Euphorbia lateriflora Schumach. 2, Ghana, J. Hall 46017 (K), HQ900621, –; Euphorbia lathyris L. 1, U.S.A., K. Wurdack 5558 (US), JN250180, JN249170; Euphorbia lathyris L. 2, Spain, L. Barres & al. 36 (BC), HQ900622, –; Euphorbia lathyris L. 3, U.S.A., V. Steinmann 1426 (RSA), AF537550, –; Euphorbia lathyris L. 4, Austria, J. Walter 4.7.1995 (WU), JN010059, *KC212555; Euphorbia lathyris L. 5, Switzerland, R. Riina 1840 (MA), –, *KC212556; Euphorbia latifolia Ledeb., Russia, D. Geltman 42 (LE), GU984316, –; Euphorbia leptocaula Boiss., Russia, D. Matveev s.n. (LE), GU984320, –; Euphorbia leucocephala Lotsy, cult., P. Berry 7841 (MICH), JN250182, JN249172; Euphorbia lipskyi (Prokh.) Prokh., Tadjikistan, I. Shibkova & al. 1392 (LE), *KC212295, –; Euphorbia lomelii V.W. Steinm., Mexico, B. van Ee 703 (MICH), JN250184, JN249174; Euphorbia lucida Waldst. & Kit. 1, Austria, L. Schratt-Ehrendorfer 11183 (IB), JN010061, –; Euphorbia lucida Waldst. & Kit. 2, Slo- venia, B. Frajman 12023 (IB), JN010060, *KC212557; Euphorbia lucida Waldst. & Kit. 3, Czech Republic, P. Efimov & M. Heida 17 (LE), GU984307, –; Euphorbia lucorum Rupr., China, B.U. Oh s.n., EU659771, –; Euphorbia lunulata Bunge, South Korea, Oh & Kim 2001–0002, EU659752, –; Euphorbia lurida Engelm. 1, U.S.A., G. Rink 6201 (NY), JN250186, JN249176; Euphorbia lurida Engelm. 2, U.S.A., G. Rink 6201 (duplicate) (NY), *KC212296, –; Euphorbia macrocarpa Boiss. & Buhse 1, Iran, K. Maroufi 8208, *KC212297, *KC212558; Euphorbia macrocarpa Boiss. & Buhse 2, Iran, Y. Salmaki & al. 39561 (TUH), *KC212298, *KC212559; Euphorbia macroceras Fisch. & C.A. Mey. 1, Georgia, A. Tribsch & al. 10916 (WU), JN010062, *KC212560; Eu- phorbia macroceras Fisch. & C.A. Mey. 2, Russia, D. Geltman 6 (LE), GU984305, –; Euphorbia macroceras Fisch. & C.A. Mey. 3, Iran, Y. Salmaki & al. 39750 (TUH), –, *KC212561; Euphorbia macroclada Boiss., Iran, Y. Salmaki & S. Zarre 39896 (TUH), –, *KC212562; Euphorbia malleata Boiss., Iran, Y. Salmaki & S. Zarre 39894 (TUH), –, *KC212563; Euphorbia maresii subsp. balearica (Willk.) Malag., Spain, B. Frajman 12545 (IB), JN010063, –; Euphor- bia marschalliana Boiss., Iran, Y. Salmaki 39929 (TUH), JF732971, –; Euphorbia masirahensis Ghaz., Oman, J. Morawetz 348 (MICH), HQ900623, *KC212431; Euphorbia matritensis Boiss. 1, Spain, J. Molero & al. 11/2008 (BCN), *KC212299, *KC212564; Euphorbia matritensis 2, Spain, J. Molero & al. 11/2008 (duplicate) (BCN), HQ900624, –; Euphorbia mauritanica L. 1, South Africa, J. Morawetz 277 (MICH), *KC212300, –; Euphorbia mauritanica L. 2, South Africa, J. Morawetz 277 (duplicate) (MICH), JN250189, JN249179; Euphorbia mauritanica L. 3, South Africa, R. Becker 857 (duplicate) (MICH), HQ900625, –; Euphorbia mauritanica L. 4, South Africa, R. Becker 1161 (MICH), *KC212301, *KC212565; Euphorbia mauritanica L. 5, South Africa, R. Becker 857 (MICH), *KC212302, *KC212566; Euphorbia mauritanica L. 6, South Africa, P. Bruyns 11390 (BOL), *KC212303, –; Euphorbia mauritanica L. 7, cult., V. Steinmann 1432 (RSA), AF537531, –; Euphorbia mazandaranica Pahlevani 1, Iran, A. Pahlevani & M. Eskandari 55150 (IRAN), *KC212304, *KC212567; Euphorbia mazandaranica Pahlevani 2, Iran, Y. Salmaki 39758 (TUH), –, *KC212568; Euphorbia medicaginea Boiss. 1, Spain, B. Frajman 12541 (IB), JN010064, –; Euphorbia medicaginea Boiss. 2, Spain, J. Molero & A. Rovira 22/2007 (duplicate) (BCN), HQ900626, –; Euphorbia medicaginea Boiss. 3, Spain, J. Molero & A. Rovira 22/2007 (BCN), *KC212305, –; Euphorbia medicaginea Boiss. 4, Morocco, D. Podlech 41883 (RSA), AF537535, –; Euphorbia megalatlantica Ball 1, Morocco, R. Romo & R. Vilatersana 12510 (13879) (IB), JN010065, –; Euphorbia megalatlantica Ball 2, Morocco, R. Romo & R. Vi- latersana 12511 (13949) (IB), JN010066, *KC212569; Euphorbia megalatlantica Ball 3, Morocco, J. Molero 07/2007 & al. (BCN), HQ900627, –; Euphorbia megalatlantica Ball 4, Morocco, D. Podlech 41177 (RSA), AF537536, AF538226; Euphorbia mellifera Aiton 1, cult., S. Lagaard 9905 (DAV), AF537558, –; Euphorbia mellifera Aiton 2, Spain, J. Molero 12/2007 (duplicate) (BCN), HQ900628, –; Euphorbia mellifera Aiton 3, Spain, J. Molero 12/2007 (BCN), *KC212306, *KC212570; Euphorbia mellifera Aiton 4, Spain, B. Dorsey 44 (MICH), *KC212307, –; Euphorbia micractina Boiss. 1, China, W. Jin 008
S6 TAXON 62 (2) • April 2013 Electr. Suppl. to: Riina & al. • Phylogeny and classification of Euphorbia subg. Esula
Appendix S1. Continued. (MICH), *KC212308, *KC212571; Euphorbia micractina Boiss. 2, China, W. Jin 008b (MICH), *KC212309, –; Euphorbia microcarpa (Prokh.) Krylov 1, Russia, D. Geltman 144 (LE), *KC212310, –; Euphorbia microcarpa (Prokh.) Krylov 2, Russia, D. Geltman 153 (LE), *KC212311, –; Euphorbia microsciadia Boiss. 1, Iran, Y. Salmaki & al. 39935 (TUH), *KC212312, *KC212572; Euphorbia microsciadia Boiss. 2, Iran, Y. Salmaki & al. 39739 (TUH), JF732975, –; Euphorbia microsphaera Boiss., Iran, S. Safavi & Dezfulian 17840 (IRAN), *KC212313, –; Euphorbia milii Des Moul., cult., P. Berry 7826 (MICH), JN250191, JN249180; Euphorbia minuta Loscos & Pardo 1, Spain, L. Barres & al. 33 (BC), HQ900629, –; Euphorbia minuta Loscos & Pardo 2, Spain, R. Riina 1872 (MA), *KC212314, *KC212573; Euphorbia montenegrina (Bald.) K. Malý 1, Montenegro, M. Niketic & al. 11898 (IB), JN010068, *KC212574; Euphorbia montenegrina (Bald.) K. Malý 2, Bosnia, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 12564 (IB), JN010067, –; Euphorbia muraltoides N.E. Br., South Africa, P. Bruyns 11069 (BOL), *KC212315, *KC212575; Euphorbia myrsinites L. 1, Bosnia, B. Frajman 12040 (IB), JN010069, *KC212576; Euphorbia myrsinites L. 2, Italy, R. Vilatersana & al. 1132 (BC), HQ900630, –; Euphorbia myrsinites L. 3, U.S.A. cult, K. Wurdack 5556 (US), JN250193, –; Euphorbia myrsinites L. 4, cult., V. Steinmann 1430 (RSA), AF537551, –; Euphorbia nakaii Hurus., South Korea, Chung 120, EU659751, –; Euphorbia natalensis Bernh. ex Krauss, South Africa, G. Germishuizen 866 (PRE), *KC212316, *KC212577; Euphorbia neilmulleri M.C. Johnst., Mexico, J. Henrickson 22475b (IEB), –, *KC212578; Euphorbia nereidum Jahand. & Maire 1, Morocco, R. Riina 1778 (duplicate) (MICH), JN250198, JN249186; Euphorbia nereidum Jahand. & Maire 2, Morocco, J. Montserrat s.n. (BC), HQ900631, –; Euphorbia nereidum Jahand. & Maire 3, Morocco, R. Riina 1778 (MICH), *KC212317, *KC212579; Euphorbia ne- vadensis subsp. bolosii Molero & Rovira 1, Spain, R. Riina 1871 (MA), *KC212318, *KC212580; Euphorbia nevadensis subsp. bolosii Molero & Rovira 2, Spain, A. Hilpold & M. Pramsohler s.n. (BC), HQ900632, –; Euphorbia nevadensis subsp. bolosii Molero & Rovira 3, Spain, J. Molero BCN53349 (MICH), *KC212319, *KC212581; Euphorbia nevadensis subsp. nevadensis Boiss. & Reut., Spain, J. Molero & A. Rovira 7/2008 (BCN), *KC212320, *KC212582; Euphorbia nicaeensis All. 1, Slovenia, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 12228 (IB), JN010070, –; Euphorbia nicaeensis All. 2, Spain, R. Riina 1767 (duplicate) (MICH), JN250200, JN249188; Euphorbia nicaeensis All. 3, Spain, L. Barres & al. 3 (BC), HQ900633, –; Euphorbia nicaeensis All. 4, Spain, R. Riina 1767 (MICH), *KC212321, *KC212583; Euphorbia niciciana Borbás ex Novák, Serbia, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 11242 (IB), JN010071, *KC212584; Euphor- bia nubica N.E. Br. 1, Kenya, J. Morawetz 390 (MICH), *KC212322, *KC212585; Euphorbia nubica N.E. Br. 2, Kenya, J. Morawetz 391 (MICH), *KC212323, *KC212586; Euphorbia nubica N.E. Br. 3, Ethiopia, I. Friis & al. 8288 (K), HQ900634, –; Euphorbia nubica N.E. Br. 4, Eritrea, P. Bruyns 10157 (BOL), *KC212324, –; Euphorbia obesa Hook.f., cult., K. Wurdack D539 (US), JN250202, JN249189; Euphorbia oblongata Griseb. 1, U.S.A. (introduced), R. Riina 1839 (MICH), *KC212325, *KC212587; Euphorbia oblongata Griseb. 2, U.S.A., R. Halse 4334 (RSA), AF537555, –; Euphorbia oblongifolia (K. Koch) K. Koch 1, Azerbaijan, G. Schneeweiß & A. Tribsch 6744 (WU), JN010072, *KC212588; Euphorbia oblongifolia (K. Koch) K. Koch 2, Russia, N. Portenier 378 (LE), GU984306, –; Euphorbia octoradiata H. Lév. & Vaniot, South Korea, Chung 200, EU659750, –; Euphorbia orientalis L., cult., BRUS 1981–12301 (K), EU659764, –; Euphorbia orthoclada Baker 1, Madagascar, B. Dorsey 136 (MICH), KC019519, *KC212589; Euphorbia orthoclada Baker 2, cult., R. Riina 1739 (MA), JN250204, JN249191; Euphorbia orthoclada Baker 3, cult., R. Riina 1739 (duplicate) (MA), HQ900635, –; Euphorbia orthoclada Baker 4, Madagascar, T. Haevermans 98 (P), DQ204876, –; Euphorbia osyridae Boiss. 1, Iran, S. Zarre & al. 39953 (TUH), *KC212326, –; Euphorbia osyridae Boiss. 2, Iran, S. Zarre & al. 39953 (duplicate) (TUH), JF732988, –; Euphorbia oxyphylla Boiss. 1, Spain, J. Molero & al. BCN53036 (duplicate) (MICH), JN250205, JN249192; Euphorbia oxyphylla Boiss. 2, Spain, J. Molero & al. BCN53036 (BCN), *KC212327, *KC212590; Euphorbia pachyrrhiza Kar. & Kir., Kazakhstan, S. Smirnov & al. s.n. (LE), *KC212328, –; Euphorbia pachysantha Baill., cult., W. Rauh 73350 (HEID), JN250206, JN249193; Euphorbia palustris L. 1, Austria, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 11099 (IB), JN010073, *KC212591; Euphorbia palustris L. 2, Russia, D. Geltman & al. s.n. (LE), GU979432, –; Eu- phorbia palustris L. 3, Spain, L. Barres & al. 34 (BC), HQ900637, –; Euphorbia pancicii Beck, Bosnia, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 12393 (IB), JN010074, *KC212592; Euphorbia paniculata subsp. monchiquensis (Franco & P. Silva) Vicens, Molero & C. Blanché 1, Portugal, J. Molero & al. 14/2008 (duplicate) (BCN), *KC212329, *KC212593; Euphorbia paniculata subsp. monchiquensis (Franco & P. Silva) Vicens, Molero & C. Blanché 2, Portugal, J. Molero & al. 14/2008 (BCN), HQ900638, –; Euphorbia paniculata subsp. paniculata Desf. 1, Spain, J. Molero & al. 16/2008 (BCN), HQ900639, –; Euphorbia paniculata subsp. paniculata Desf. 2, Spain, J. Molero & al. 16/2008 (duplicate) (BCN), *KC212330, *KC212594; Euphorbia pannonica Host, Czech Republic, P. Efimov & M. Heida 18 (LE), GU984331, –; Euphorbia papilionum S. Carter, Somalia, M. Thulin & al. 9415 (K), HQ900640, –; Euphorbia paralias L. 1, Croatia, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 12068 (IB), JN010075, –; Euphorbia paralias L. 2, Georgia, D. Geltman 68 (LE), GU984336, –; Euphorbia paralias L. 3, Greece, R. Riina 1565 (MICH), JN250207, JN249194; Euphorbia paralias L. 4, Spain, J. Molero 6/2008 (BCN), HQ900641, –; Euphorbia paralias L. 5, Greece, R. Riina 1565 (duplicate) (MICH), *KC212331, –; Euphorbia paralias L. 6, Spain, B. Dorsey 60 (MICH), –, *KC212595; Euphorbia pedroi Molero & Rovira 1, Portugal, R. Riina 1585 (duplicate) (MICH), HQ900642, –; Euphorbia pedroi Molero & Rovira 2, Portugal, R. Riina 1585 (MICH), *KC212332, *KC212596; Euphorbia pekinensis Rupr. 1, China, no collector, AY594263, –; Euphorbia pekinensis Rupr. 2, South Korea, Park & Jung 1003, EU659766, –; Euphorbia peplus var. minima DC., Croatia, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 11531 (IB), JN010076, *KC212597; Euphorbia peplus var. peplus L. 1, Croatia, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 11540 (IB), JN010077, –; Euphorbia peplus var. peplus L. 2, U.S.A., B. van Ee 717 (MICH), JN250210, JN249197; Euphorbia peplus var. peplus L. 3, Spain, L. Barres 16 (BC), HQ900643, –; Euphorbia peplus var. peplus L. 4, Mexico, J. Soule 2941 (MO), *KC212333, –; Euphorbia peplus var. peplus L. 5, Argentina, B. van Ee 651 (MICH), JN250209, –; Euphorbia peplus var. peplus L. 6, U.S.A., V. Steinmann 1433 (RSA), AF537532, –; Euphorbia peplus var. peplus L. 7, France, P. Berry 7915 (MICH), *KC212334, *KC212598; Euphorbia petrophila C.A. Mey., Russia, D. Geltman s.n. (LE), GU984332, –; Euphorbia phymatosperma Boiss. & Gaill. 1, Iran, A. Pahlevani & Bahramishad 47338 (IRAN), *KC212335, –; Euphorbia phymatosperma Boiss. & Gaill. 2, Iran, S. Zarre & al. 41004 (TUH), *KC212336, *KC212599; Euphorbia phymatosperma Boiss. & Gaill. 3, Iran, S. Zarre & al. 41004 (duplicate) (TUH), JF732970, –; Euphorbia pilosa L. 1, Russia, D. Geltman 2 (LE), *KC212337, –; Euphorbia pilosa L. 2, Russia, E. Punina 192 (LE), GU979435, –; Euphorbia pilosa L. 3, Russia, T. Elias & al. 7182 (RSA), AF537557, –; Euphorbia pilosa L. 4, Russia, P. Berry 8001 (MICH), *KC212338, –; Euphorbia pilosa L. 5, Russia, P. Berry 8007 (MICH), *KC212339, –; Euphorbia pinkavana M.C. Johnst., Mexico, J. Henrickson 16008 (IEB), –, *KC212601; Euphorbia piscatoria Aiton, cult., no collector (BC), HQ900644, –; Euphorbia pithyusa L. 1, France, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 12216 (IB), JN010080, –; Euphorbia pithyusa L. 2, Spain, B. Frajman 12540 (IB), JN010079, –; Euphorbia pithyusa L. 3, Spain, P. Benedi & N. Montes s.n. (BC), *KC212340, *KC212602; Euphorbia pithyusa L. 4, Spain, P. Benedi & N. Montes s.n. (duplicate) (BC), HQ900645, –; Euphorbia platyphyllos L. 1, Spain, J. Molero s.n. (BCN), *KC212341, *KC212603; Euphorbia platyphyllos L. 2, Spain, J. Molero s.n. (BCN), HQ900646, –; Euphorbia plebeia Boiss. 1, Iran, S. Zarre & al. 39982 (TUH), JF732978, –; Euphorbia plebeia Boiss. 2, Iran, S. Zarre & al. 39979 (TUH), JF732979, –; Euphorbia polycaula Boiss. & Hohen., Iran, S. Zarre & al. 39933 (TUH), *KC212342, *KC212604; Euphorbia polychroma A. Kern., Serbia, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 11362 (IB), JN010083, *KC212605; Euphorbia polygali- folia Boiss. & Reut. 1, Spain, J. Molero & A. Rovira BCN53606 (MICH), *KC212343, *KC212606; Euphorbia polygalifolia Boiss. & Reut. 2, Spain, J. Molero & A. Rovira BCN53621 (BCN), *KC212344, *KC212607; Euphorbia polygalifolia Boiss. & Reut. 3, Spain, J. Molero & A. Rovira BCN53621 (duplicate) (BCN), HQ900647, –; Euphorbia portlandica L. 1, France, P. Schönswetter 12580 (IB), JN010084, –; Euphorbia portlandica L. 2, France, X. Aubriot s.n. (P), GU984335, –; Euphorbia portlandica L. 3, Portugal, R. Riina 1583 (MICH), *KC212345, *KC212609; Euphorbia portlandica L. 4, France, P. Berry 7914 (MICH), *KC212346, *KC212610; Euphorbia procera M. Bieb., Russia, D. Geltman 12 (LE), GU979433, –; Euphorbia prolifera Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don, China, W. Jin 022 (MICH), *KC212347, –; Euphorbia pterococca Brot. 1, Spain, B. Frajman 12514 (IB), JN010085, –; Euphorbia pterococca Brot. 2, Spain, J. Molero & A. Rovira 20/2007 (duplicate) (MICH), *KC212348, *KC212611; Euphorbia pterococca Brot. 3, Spain, J. Molero & A. Rovira 20/2007 (BCN), HQ900648, –; Euphorbia pterococca Brot. 4, Greece, W. Gutermann 31415 (Herb. Gutermann), JN010086, –; Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. ex Klotzsch, cult., K. Wurdack D084 (US), JN250220, JN249207; Euphorbia purpurea (Raf.) Fernald 1, U.S.A., J. Morawetz 315 (MICH), *KC212349, *KC212612; Euphorbia purpurea (Raf.) Fernald 2, U.S.A., J. Morawetz 316 (MICH), *KC212350, –; Euphorbia purpurea (Raf.) Fernald 3, U.S.A., J. Morawetz 318 (MICH), *KC212351, *KC212613; Euphorbia purpurea (Raf.) Fernald 4, U.S.A., K. Wurdack 5557 (US), JN250222, JN249209; Euphorbia purpurea (Raf.) Fernald 5, U.S.A., C. Loeffler 2008–1 (MICH), *KC212352, –; Euphorbia purpurea (Raf.) Fernald 6, U.S.A., C. Loeffler 2008–2 (MICH), *KC212353, –; Euphorbia purpurea
S7 TAXON 62 (2) • April 2013 Electr. Suppl. to: Riina & al. • Phylogeny and classification of Euphorbia subg. Esula
Appendix S1. Continued. (Raf.) Fernald 7, U.S.A., C. Loeffler 2008–3 (MICH), *KC212354, –; Euphorbia purpurea (Raf.) Fernald 8, U.S.A., P. Berry s.n., *KC212355, –; Euphorbia pyrenaica Jord. 1, Spain, J. Molero & A. Rovira BCN53619 (BCN), *KC212356, *KC212614; Euphorbia pyrenaica Jord. 2, Spain, J. Molero & A. Rovira BCN53619 (duplicate) (BCN), HQ900649, –; Euphorbia pyrenaica Jord. 3, France/Spain, G. Schneeweiß & al. 6465 (WU), JN010035, *KC212615; Euphorbia rapulum Kar. & Kir. 1, Kazakhstan, S. Smirnov s.n. (LE), *KC212357, *KC212616; Euphorbia rapulum Kar. & Kir. 2, Kazakhstan, S. Smirnov s.n. (duplicate) (LE), *KC212358, –; Euphorbia regis-jubae Webb & Berthel. 1, Spain, V. Steinmann 1431 (RSA), AF537541, –; Euphorbia regis-jubae Webb & Berthel. 2, Morocco, R. Riina 1804 (MICH), JN250226, JN249213; Euphorbia regis-jubae Webb & Berthel. 3, Morocco, E. Batriu & al. s.n. (BCN), HQ900650, –; Euphorbia regis-jubae Webb & Berthel. 4, Spain, B. Dorsey 5 (MICH), –, *KC212617; Euphorbia resinifera O. Berg, cult., P. Berry 7817 (MICH), JN250227, JN249214; Euphorbia retusa Forssk. 1, Egypt, K. Khalik 2672 (WAG), JN250228, JN249213; Euphorbia retusa Forssk. 2, Morocco, R. Riina 1798 (MICH), *KC212359, –; Euphorbia retusa Forssk. 3, Morocco, E. Batriu & al. s.n. (BCN), HQ900652, –; Euphorbia rhabdotosperma Radcl.-Sm. 1, Georgia, Y. Roskov 793 (LE), *KC212360, *KC212618; Euphorbia rhabdotosperma Radcl.-Sm. 2, Georgia, Y. Roskov 793 (duplicate) (LE), *KC212361, –; Euphorbia rigida M. Bieb. 1, Ukraine, V. Byalt & al. 125 (LE), GU984327, –; Euphorbia rigida M. Bieb. 2, Greece, W. Gutermann 28856 (Herb. Gutermann), JN010087, *KC212619; Euphorbia rimarum Coss. & Balansa, Morocco, R. Riina 1774 (MICH), JN250230, JN249217; Euphorbia rothiana Spreng. 1, India, P. Bruyns 11443 (BOL), *KC212362, –; Euphorbia rothiana Spreng. 2, India, P. Bruyns 11474 (BOL), *KC212363, –; Euphorbia rupestris Ledeb. 1, Russia, D. Geltman 113 (LE), GU979440, –; Euphorbia rupestris Ledeb. 2, Russia, P. Berry 7996 (MICH), *KC212364, *KC212620; Euphorbia sahendi Bornm. 1, Iran, Y. Salmaki & al. 39891 (TUH), *KC212365, *KC212621; Euphorbia sahendi Bornm. 2, Iran, Y. Salmaki & al. 39891 (duplicate) (TUH), JF732974, –; Euphorbia salicifolia Host 1, Austria, L. Schratt-Ehrendorfer 11107 (IB), JN010090, –; Euphorbia salicifolia Host 2, Bulgaria, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 11305 (IB), JN010091, *KC212622; Euphorbia salicifolia Host 3, Montenegro, M. Niketic & al. 11932 (IB), JN010089, –; Euphorbia salicifolia Host 4, Bosnia, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 12394 (IB), JN010088, –; Euphorbia salicifolia Host 5, Germany, F. Schuhwerk 06 (M), *KC212366, *KC212623; Euphorbia sarawschanica Regel, Kyrgyzstan, G. Lazkov s.n. (LE), GU979438, –; Euphorbia saxatilis Jacq., Austria, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 12074 (IB), JN010092, –; Euphorbia scatorhiza S. Carter, cult., V. Steinmann 1441 (RSA), AF537420, AF538181; Euphorbia schimperi C. Presl 1, Oman, J. Morawetz 332 (MICH), *KC212367, *KC212624; Euphorbia schimperi C. Presl 2, Oman, J. Morawetz 330 (MICH), *KC212369, *KC212626; Euphorbia schimperi C. Presl 3, Yemen, P. Bruyns 10266 (BOL), *KC212370, –; Euphorbia schimperi C. Presl 4, Yemen, P. Bruyns 10941 (BOL), *KC212371, *KC212627; Euphorbia schimperi C. Presl 5, Yemen, P. Bruyns 10964 (E), JN207814, –; Euphorbia schimperi C. Presl 6, Netherlands (cult.), R. Riina 1675 (MA), JN250233, JN249221; Euphorbia schim- peri C. Presl 7, Yemen (Socotra), J. Aldasoro & A. Susanna 14656 (BCN), *KC212372, *KC212628; Euphorbia schimperi C. Presl 8, Yemen, J. Aldasoro & A. Susanna 14700 (BCN), *KC212368, *KC212625; Euphorbia schimperi C. Presl 9, cult., V. Steinmann 1499 (RSA), AF537537, –; Euphorbia schimperiana Scheele 1, Ethiopia, J. Aldasoro 10398 (BCN), *KC212373, *KC212629; Euphorbia schimperiana Scheele 2, Kenya, I. Molombe SHMF9–2 (MICH), *KC212374, –; Euphorbia schugnanica B. Fedtsch., Tajikistan, A. Konnov 266 (MO), JN250235, –; Euphorbia sclerocyathium Korovin & Popov, Turkmenistan, D. Kur- banov 705 (MO), JN250237, JN249224; Euphorbia sclerophylla Boiss., South Africa, H. Furness 61 (PRE), *KC212375, *KC212630; Euphorbia segetalis var. pinea (L.) Lange, France, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 12231 (IB), JN010078, *KC212600; Euphorbia segetalis var. segetalis L. 1, Spain, P. Schönswet- ter 12146 (IB), JN010093, –; Euphorbia segetalis var. segetalis L. 2, Spain, B. Frajman 12518 (IB), JN010095, –; Euphorbia segetalis var. segetalis L. 3, Spain, B. Frajman 12531 (IB), JN010096, –; Euphorbia segetalis var. segetalis L. 4, Spain, B. Frajman 12544 (IB), JN010094, –; Euphorbia segetalis var. segetalis L. 5, Spain, L. Barres & al. 5 (BC), HQ900654, –; Euphorbia segetalis var. segetalis L. 6, Portugal, R. Riina 1547 (MICH), *KC212376, –; Euphor- bia segetalis var. segetalis L. 7, Portugal, R. Riina 1547 (duplicate) (MICH), JN250238, JN249225; Euphorbia seguieriana Neck. 1, Austria, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 11095 (IB), JN010097, –; Euphorbia seguieriana Neck. 2, Russia, D. Geltman 94 (LE), GU984330, –; Euphorbia seguieriana Neck. 3, France, J. Molero 237/09 (MICH), *KC212377, *KC212631; Euphorbia semivillosa (Prokh.) Krylov 1, Russia, M. Wernisch 12476 (WHB), JN010098, *KC212632; Euphorbia semivillosa (Prokh.) Krylov 2, Russia, D. Geltman 44 (LE), GU979430, –; Euphorbia serrata L. 1, France, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 11445 (IB), JN010099, –; Euphorbia serrata L. 2, Spain, L. Barres & al. 9 (BC), HQ900655, –; Euphorbia serrata L. 3, Spain, R. Riina 1608 (MA), *KC212378, *KC212633; Euphorbia sieboldiana C. Morren & Decne., South Korea, Tho & J.H. Kim 2001–0001, EU659753, –; Euphorbia smithii S. Carter, Oman, J. Morawetz 336 (MICH), JN250240, JN249227; Euphorbia sojakii (Chrtek & Křísa) Dubovik, Slovakia, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 12416 (IB), JN010100, *KC212634; Euphorbia sp. 1, China, W. Jin 011 (MICH), *KC212383, *KC212636; Euphorbia sp. 2, China, W. Jin 015 (MICH), *KC212384, *KC212637; Euphorbia sp. 3, Iran, A. Pahlevani & Bahramishad 55152 (IRAN), *KC212382, *KC212635; Euphorbia spartiformis Mobayen, Iran, A. Pahlevani, M. Es- kandari & Bahramishad 55156 (IRAN), *KC212379, –; Euphorbia spathulata Lam. 1, U.S.A., G. Rink 5861 (duplicate) (NY), JN250242, JN249229; Euphor- bia spathulata Lam. 2, U.S.A., G. Rink 5861 (NY), *KC212380, –; Euphorbia spathulata Lam. 3, U.S.A., Banks 1601 (RSA), AF537552, –; Euphorbia spathulata Lam. 4, Mexico, A. Reina 2007–529 (MICH), *KC212381, –; Euphorbia spinidens Bornm. ex Prokh. 1, Iran, B. Djavadi & Ghanbari 47929 (IRAN), –, *KC212638; Euphorbia spinidens Bornm. ex Prokh. 2, Iran, Y. Salmaki & S. Zarre 38156 (TUH), –, *KC212639; Euphorbia spinosa L. 1, no locality, no collector, EU650602, –; Euphorbia spinosa L. 2, France, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 12217 (IB), JN010102, –; Euphorbia spinosa L. 3, no locality, no collector, EU650613, –; Euphorbia spinosa L. 4, no locality, no collector, EU650623, –; Euphorbia spinosa L. 5, France, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 12217 (duplicate) (IB), JN010102, –; Euphorbia spinosa L. 6, Italy, R. Vilatersana & al. 1121 (BC), HQ900656, –; Euphorbia spinosa L. 7, France, J. Molero & al. 229/09 (MICH), *KC212385, *KC212640; Euphorbia spinosa L. 8, Switzerland, R. Riina 1842 (MA), *KC212386, *KC212641; Euphorbia squamigera Loisel. 1, Spain, J. Molero & A. Rovira BCN53020 (BCN), HQ900657, –; Euphorbia squamigera Loisel. 2, Spain, R. Riina 1760 (MA), *KC212387, *KC212642; Euphorbia squamosa Willd., Russia, D. Geltman 33 (LE), GU937804, –; Euphorbia stepposa Zoz 1, Russia, M. Wernisch 12477 (WHB), JN010103, *KC212643; Euphorbia stepposa Zoz 2, Russia, D. Geltman 2 (LE), GU984333, –; Euphorbia stolonifera Marloth ex A.C. White, R.A. Dyer & B. Sloane 1, South Africa, P. Bruyns 3938 (BOL), AM040792, –; Euphorbia stolonifera Marloth ex A.C. White, R.A. Dyer & B. Sloane 2, South Africa, R. Becker 1109 (MICH), *KC212388, *KC212644; Euphorbia stracheyi Boiss. 1, China, N. Yang 0916 (KUN), *KC212389, *KC212645; Euphorbia stracheyi Boiss. 2, China, W. Jin 013 (MICH), *KC212390, *KC212646; Euphorbia stracheyi Boiss. 3, China, N. Yang 0937 (KUN), *KC212391, *KC212647; Euphorbia striata Thunb., South Africa, N. Kroon 11703 (PRE), *KC212394, –; Euphorbia stricta L. 1, Bosnia, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 12398 (IB), JN010104, *KC212649; Euphorbia stricta L. 2, Serbia, D. Geltman 187 (LE), *KC212395, –; Euphorbia stricta L. 3, Serbia, D. Geltman 180 (LE), GU979436, –; Euphorbia stricta L. 4, Iran, Y. Salmaki & al. 39748 (TUH), *KC212396, *KC212650; Euphorbia stricta L. 5, Austria, B. Wallnöfer 8531 (NY), AF537559, –; Euphorbia stygiana H.C. Watson, Portugal, J. Molero & al. BCN 86911 (BCN), *KC212397, *KC212651; Euphorbia subamplexicaulis Kar. & Kir., Kazakhstan, S. Smirnov & al. s.n (LE), *KC212398, –; Euphorbia subcordata Ledeb., Russia, Shmakov & al. s.n. (LE), *KC212399, –; Euphorbia subtilis (Prokh.) Prokh., Russia, N. Tzvelev 76 (LE), GU984321, –; Euphorbia sulcata Lens ex Loisel. 1, Spain, L. Barres & al. 32 (BC), HQ900659, –; Euphorbia sulcata Lens ex Loisel. 2, Spain, R. Riina 1861 (MA), *KC212400, *KC212652; Euphorbia sultan-hassei Å. Strid & al. 1, Greece, R. Riina 1568 (duplicate) (MICH), HQ900660, –; Euphorbia sultan-hassei Å. Strid & al. 2, Greece, R. Riina 1568 (MICH), *KC212401, *KC212653; Euphorbia szovitsii Fisch. & C.A. Mey. 1, Russia, Y. Menitsky & al. 126 (LE), GU984322, –; Euphorbia szovitsii Fisch. & C.A. Mey. 2, Iran, A. Pahlevani 53228 (IRAN), *KC212402, *KC212654; Euphorbia szovitsii Fisch. & C.A. Mey. 3, Iran, Y. Salmaki & S. Zarre 39999 (TUH), *KC212404, *KC212656; Euphorbia szovitsii Fisch. & C.A. Mey. 4, Iran, Y. Salmaki & al. 39631 (TUH), *KC212403, *KC212655; Euphorbia talastavica (Prokh.) Prokh., Kazakhstan, D. Geltman 206 (LE), *KC212405, *KC212657; Euphorbia taurinen- sis All., Ukraine, V. Byalt & al. 364 (LE), GU984337, –; Euphorbia teheranica Boiss., Iran, Y. Salmaki & S. Zarre 39917 (TUH), *KC212406, *KC212658; Euphorbia terracina L. 1, Spain, P. Schönswetter 12061 (IB), JN010105, –; Euphorbia terracina L. 2, Italy, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 12219 (IB), JN010106, –; Euphorbia terracina L. 3, Spain, J. Molero & A. Rovira 23/2007 (BCN), HQ900661, –; Euphorbia terracina L. 4, Portugal, R. Riina 1584 (MICH), *KC212407, *KC212659; Euphorbia terracina L. 5, South Africa, R. Becker 1528 (MICH), *KC212408, *KC212660; Euphorbia texana Boiss., U.S.A., B. Tharp s.n. (MICH), *KC212409, *KC212661; Euphorbia tibetica Boiss. 1, China, Li & al. 11667 (PE), *KC212410, –; Euphorbia tibetica Boiss. 2, Kyrgyzstan,
S8 TAXON 62 (2) • April 2013 Electr. Suppl. to: Riina & al. • Phylogeny and classification of Euphorbia subg. Esula
Appendix S1. Continued. G. Lazkov s.n. (LE), *KC212411, –; Euphorbia tirucalli L., cult., B. van Ee 741 (US), JN250247, JN249233; Euphorbia transoxana (Prokh.) Prokh., Tajikistan, R. Kamelin 1717 (LE), GU979425, –; Euphorbia transtagana Boiss. 1, Portugal, J. Molero & al. 13/2008 (BCN), *KC212412, *KC212662; Euphorbia trans- tagana Boiss. 2, Portugal, J. Molero & al. 13/2008 (duplicate) (BCN), HQ900662, –; Euphorbia trichotoma Kunth, Belize, S. Hill 20357 (MO), AF537534, –; Euphorbia triflora Schott, Nyman & Kotschy, Slovenia, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 11131 (IB), JN010107, *KC212663; Euphorbia tshuiensis (Prokh.) Serg. ex Krylov 1, Russia, A. Tribsch & F. Essl 10284 (WU), JN010108, *KC212664; Euphorbia tshuiensis (Prokh.) Serg. ex Krylov 2, Russia, D. Geltman 121 (LE), GU984314, –; Euphorbia tshuiensis (Prokh.) Serg. ex Krylov 3, Russia, P. Berry 7988 (MICH), *KC212413, *KC212665; Euphorbia tshuiensis (Prokh.) Serg. ex Krylov 4, Russia, P. Berry 7985 (MICH), *KC212414, *KC212666; Euphorbia tuckeyana Steud. ex Webb 1, Cape Verde, J. Molero & A. Rovira BCN58758 (BCN), *KC212415, *KC212667; Euphorbia tuckeyana Steud. ex Webb 2, Cape Verde, A. Santos s.n. (BC), HQ900663, –; Euphorbia turczaninowii Kar. & Kir. 1, Iran, Y. Salmaki & al. 38203 (TUH), *KC212416, *KC212668; Euphorbia turczaninowii Kar. & Kir. 2, China, A. Liston 827–4 (RSA), AF537543, –; Euphorbia turkestanica Regel, Turkmenistan, G. Semidel & L. Kuzamina s.n. (LE), *KC212417, –; Euphorbia uliginosa Welw. ex Boiss. 1, Spain, J. Molero & A. Rovira BCN53605 (BCN), *KC212418, *KC212669; Euphorbia uliginosa Welw. ex Boiss. 2, Spain, J. Molero & A. Rovira BCN53605 (duplicate) (BCN), HQ900664, –; Euphorbia uralensis Fisch. ex Link, Russia, D. Geltman 28 (LE), GU984315, –; Euphorbia usambarica Pax 1, Kenya, J. Morawetz 401 (MICH), *KC212419, *KC212670; Euphorbia usambarica Pax 2, Tanzania, R. Gereau & J. Lovett 3021 (K), HQ900665, –; Euphorbia usam- barica Pax 3, Tanzania, H. Balslev 291 (NY), AF537538, –; Euphorbia valdevillosocarpa Arvat & Nyár., Moldova, I. Zhilkina s.n. (LE), GU979431, –; Eu- phorbia valerianifolia Lam., Greece, W. Gutermann 34627 (Herb. Gutermann), JN010109, *KC212671; Euphorbia valliniana Belli, Italy, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 12224 (IB), JN010110, *KC212672; Euphorbia variabilis Ces., Italy, G. Schneeweiß, P. Schönswetter & A. Tribsch 3933 (WU), JN010111, *KC212673; Euphorbia velenovskyi Bornm. 1, Bulgaria, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 11274 (IB), JN010114, –; Euphorbia velenovskyi Bornm. 2, Bulgaria, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 11310 (IB), JN010112, –; Euphorbia velenovskyi Bornm. 3, Bulgaria, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 11345 (IB), JN010113, *KC212674; Euphorbia veneris M.S. Khan, Cyprus, M. Galbany & al. 2039 (BC), HQ900667, *KC212675; Euphorbia verrucosa L. 1, Slovenia, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 11771 (IB), JN010115, *KC212676; Euphorbia verrucosa L. 2, Germany, J. Esser 06–25 (M), *KC212420, *KC212677; Euphorbia virgata Waldst. & Kit. 1, Austria, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 11101 (IB), JN010118, *KC212678; Euphorbia virgata Waldst. & Kit. 2, Serbia, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 11252 (IB), JN010119, –; Euphorbia virgata Waldst. & Kit. 3, Ukraine, B. Frajman & P. Schönswetter 12480 (IB), JN010117, –; Euphorbia virgata Waldst. & Kit. 4, Russia, T. Elias 9850 (RSA), AF537545, –; Euphorbia virgata Waldst. & Kit. 5, Russia, D. Geltman 169 (LE), GU984317, –; Euphor- bia virgata Waldst. & Kit. 6, Russia, D. Geltman s.n., *KC212425, –; Euphorbia virgata Waldst. & Kit. 7, U.S.A., M. Kim & K. Park s.n., EU659754, –; Eu- phorbia virgata Waldst. & Kit. 8, Canada, M. Kim & K. Park 2001–0035, EU659755, –; Euphorbia virgata Waldst. & Kit. 9, cult., RBG Kew 675–68.00450 (K), EU659756, –; Euphorbia virgata Waldst. & Kit. 10, Austria, F. Schuhwerk 6/237 (M), *KC212421, *KC212679; Euphorbia virgata Waldst. & Kit. 11, Germany, F. Schuhwerk 7/85 (M), *KC212422, *KC212680; Euphorbia virgata Waldst. & Kit. 12, Iran, Y. Salmaki & al. 39970 (TUH), *KC212423, *KC212681; Euphorbia virgata Waldst. & Kit. 13, Spain, R. Riina 1868 (MA), *KC212424, *KC212682; Euphorbia virgata Waldst. & Kit. 14, Spain, J. Molero & J. Vall- verdú s.n. (BCN), HQ900604 (as E. esula), –; Euphorbia virgata × esula 1, U.S.A., M. Kim & K. Park s.n., EU659757, –; Euphorbia virgata × esula 2, Canada, M. Kim & K. Park 2001–0053, EU659758, –; Euphorbia wallichii Hook.f. 1, China, W. Jin 009 (MICH), *KC212426, *KC212683; Euphorbia wallichii Hook.f. 2, China, W. Jin 012 (MICH), *KC212427, –; Euphorbia × popovii Rotschild, Kazakhstan, E. Rotschild 292 (LE), –, *KC212608; Euphorbia × pseudoesula Schur, Canada, M. Kim & K. Park s.n., EU659761, –; Euphorbia yaroslavii Poljakov, Kazakhstan, A. Urazova s.n. (AA), *KC212429, –; Neoguillauminia cleopatra (Baill.) Croizat, New Caledonia, K. Cameron 2015 (NY), JN250099, JN249090.
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