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Nigeria Multi-Sector Needs Assessment (MSNA)

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Nigeria Multi-Sector Needs Assessment (MSNA) Nigeria Multi-Sector WASH September 2018 Needs Assessment (MSNA) ADAMAWA STATE CONTEXT AND METHODOLOGY ASSESSMENT COVERAGE Despite the increase in the number of humanitarian actors responding to the crisis in north-eastern Nigeria, humanitarian needs continue to grow as the conditions of Borno ² civilians displaced by the violent nine-year conflict remain dire. The conflict between MADAGALI armed opposition groups (AOGs) and Nigerian and regional security forces has resulted in 10.2 million affected people including remainees, internally displaced MICHIKA persons (IDPs), returnees and populations in hard-to-reach areas. These groups MUBI NORTH HONG are largely congregated in Borno, Adamawa and Yobe, the three most affected GOMBI MUBI SOUTH states in north-east Nigeria.1 Information gaps persist, which complicate the humanitarian community’s capacity for action grounded in verifiable evidence and Gombe GUYUK SHELLENG MAIHA effective coordination. SONG Amidst this context, and within the coordination framework of the United Nations LAMURDE Adamawa NUMAN GIREI Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (UNOCHA) and its Inter-Sector DEMSA YOLA SOUTH Working Group (ISWG), REACH facilitated a multi-sector needs assessment YOLA NORTH (MSNA) in all accessible areas of the most affected northeastern states of Nigeria. FUFORE Indicators and questions used in the assessment were developed with all relevant MAYO-BELWA sectors, validated and endorsed by the ISWG. This assessment, funded by the C A M E R O O N European Union Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid (ECHO), was conducted Taraba JADA from 25 June to 6 August 2018 through a total of 10,606 household (HH) surveys and 1,481 key informants interviews in 63 Local Government Areas (LGAs) of the GANYE three north-eastern states. 2,980 HH surveys were collected in accessible areas of Adamawa state with a TOUNGO Adamawa State confidence level of 95% and a margin of error of 10% unless stated otherwise. Accessible Areas (assessed) The results presented are statistically representative at the state level for each of Inaccessible Areas (unassessed) the population groups assessed. 0 25 50 75 km SECTORAL INDEX / SEVERITY METHODOLOGY % of households in need of Severity of needs in WASH support WASH sector Two composite indices were created to estimate levels of needs among assessed households in accessible areas. The severity score indicates how severe the need of Non-Displaced Non-Displaced a household was in a given sector, with 0 representing no needs and 10 representing the maximum reported needs. The sectoral index of needs shows households scoring four or greater on the severity scale, which are then categorised as being in 63% 5.2 need of sectoral support. Below is the list of all indicators feeding into the WASH sectoral composite index, with 63+37I 52+48I their corresponding weights, used to generate the sectoral severity scale and sectoral index of need. IDPs IDPs Sector Indicator Weighting 16% 4.7 HH is without access to any improved water source 2 HH has access to less than 15 litres per person per day 3 WASH 16+84I 47+53I HH is without access to a functioning latrine 2 HH reports spending more than 30 minutes to collect water 2 Returnees Returnees HH reports that there is no soap in the HH 1 4040% +60I 515.1 +49I (1) OCHA (February 2018) Nigeria 2018 Humanitarian Needs Overview. For more information on this 1 factsheet, please email: [email protected] MSNA | NIGERIA WASH % of HHs reporting whether they treated the water that they used ACCESS TO WATER AND SOAP for drinking: Non-displaced IDPs Returnees 3+23+28+46+0 1+16+71+12+0 2+15+42+41+0 % of HHs reporting that they did not have enough water to cover Yes, always 3% 1% 2% 2 their basic needs in the 30 days prior to data collection: Yes, sometimes 23% 16% 15% No, water is clean 28% 71% 42% Non-displaced IDPs Returnees No, no method to 46% 12% 41% No, Other / No 0% 0% 0% response / Don’t 57% 34% 39% know 57+43I 34+66I 39+61I % of HHs by time required to collect water, inclusive of travel and waiting time: % of HHs reporting sources of water used in the 30 days prior to Non-displaced IDPs Returnees 3 11+13+36+29+7+3+1 13+24+32+21+8+2+0 10+13+31+30+11+5+0 data collection for drinking, bathing and cooking: At shelter, no travel 11% 13% 10% < 15 minutes 13% 24% 13% Water source type Water source 15-30 minutes 36% 32% 31% 31-59 minutes 29% 21% 30% Borehole / tubewell 21% 61% 37% 1-2 hours 7% 8% 11% Public tap / standpipe 4% 6% 0% More than 2 hours 3% 2% 5% Piped into dwelling or plot 0% 1% 0% No response / 1% 0% 0% Handpump 9% 21% 28% Don’t know Improved Water Source Protected well 4% 4% 9% Protected spring 1% 0% 0% % of HHs needing more than 30 minutes to collect water for their Water truck 0% 2% 0% daily use (inclusive of travel and waiting time):4 Sachet water 1% 0% 1% Non-displaced IDPs Returnees Surface water 51% 11% 25% Unprotected well 29% 14% 30% Unimproved water source Unprotected spring 12% 4% 10% 39% 31% 46% Unprotected rainwater tank 9% 10% 11% Water vendor/Mai moya 3% 23% 5% 39+61I 31+69I 46+54I % of HHs who did not have the Sphere standard of 15L of water, Top 3 reported issues by HHs, when fetching water for daily use:3 per person, per day to cover their basic needs:4 Non-displaced IDPs Returnees Non-displaced IDPs Returnees Long queue time Long queue time Long queue time 37% at water point 48% at water point 43% at water point 13% 15% 14% Long distance to No issue Long distance to 37% water point 36% reported 42% water point No issue Long distance to No issue % of HHs reporting the perceived quality of the water coming from 29% reported 29% water point 31% reported the main source of drinking water:2 Non-displaced IDPs Returnees 79+18+3+0 87+12+1+0 86+12+2+0 Top 3 reported coping strategies used by HHs, when they did not Good 32% 81% 49% have enough water to meet their needs:3 Average 46% 17% 39% Bad 22% 1% 12% Non-displaced IDPs Returnees Reduce water Reduce water Fetch water No response / 0% 1% 0% 49% 64% 58% Don’t know consumption consumption farther away Fetch water Fetch water Reduce water 46% farther away 41% farther away 41% consumption Fetch water of Reduce amount Fetch water of 20% poorer quality 23% of water collected 20% poorer quality (2) This indicator reflects HH perception and not actual assessment of the quantity or quality of water. (3) Respondents could select multiple answers. (4) Based on the 2018 Sphere Handbook. Retrieved from: https://handbook.spherestandards.org/ 2 MSNA | NIGERIA WASH % of HHs reporting not having soap in their current location: WASTE MANAGEMENT Non-displaced IDPs Returnees Top 3 reported ways HHs disposed of garbage in the 30 days prior to data collection: 56% 43% 60% Non-displaced IDPs Returnees Disposed Dedicated 56+44I 43+57I 60+40I Dedicated anywhere, left site, left in the 42% 28% site, burned 26% in the open open Dedicated Disposed ACCESS TO LATRINES Dedicated site, left in the anywhere, left 21% 26% 25% site, burned open in the open % of HHs with access to a functioning latrine: Disposed at Dedicated Disposed 13% home, left in 25% site, left in the 22% anywhere, left Non-displaced IDPs Returnees the open open in the open Yes, access to a 41 83 64 functioning latrine 41% 83% 64% 58 16 36 No, open 58% 16% 36% defecation in bush If collected, % of HHs reporting the frequency of disposed garbage collection in the 30 days prior to data collection: No, open 1 1 0 defecation in 1% 1% 0% designated area Non-displaced IDPs Returnees 27+39+34+0+0 22+70+1+7+0 71+22+1+1+5 0 0 0 No response / Daily 27% 22% 71% Don’t know 0% 0% 0% Once a week 39% 70% 22% Once a fortnight 34% 1% 1% Main type of latrine accessed by HHs: Once a month 0% 7% 1% Other / No 0% 0% 5% response / Don’t Non-displaced IDPs Returnees know Traditional latrine (pit) Traditional latrine (pit) Traditional latrine (pit) % of HHs reporting that the latrine they accessed was separated by sex: Non-displaced IDPs Returnees 11100% +89I 71100% +29I N/A Top 3 reported categories of HHs members who cannot use or access a latrine:5,6 Non-displaced IDPs Returnees 93% Infants (< 5 y.o.) 99% Infants (< 5 y.o.) 91% Infants (< 5 y.o.) 2% Female children 1% Male children 5% Adult men People suffering Male children Adult women 2% 1% from chronic illness 5% About REACH Main reported reason for HH member not accessing or using REACH facilitates the development of information tools and products that latrine: enhance the capacity of aid actors to make evidence-based decisions. REACH activities are conducted through inter-agency aid coordination mechanisms. Non-displaced IDPs Returnees For more information, you can write to our country office: reach.nigeria@ Latrine hole too big, Latrine hole too big, Latrine hole too big, reach-initiative.org. not safe for children not safe for children not safe for children Visit www.reach-initiative.org and follow us on Twitter: @REACH_info and Facebook: www.facebook.com/IMPACT.init (5) This indicator reflects only a subset of the population assessed - therefore results should be considered indicative only.
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