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Of the American Falls at Niagara 1I I Preservation and Enhancement of the American Falls at Niagara
of the American Falls at Niagara 1I I Preservation and Enhancement of the American Falls at Niagara Property of t';e Internztio~al J5it-t; Cr?rn:n es-un DO NOT' RECda'dg Appendix G - Environmental Considerations Final Report to the International Joint Commission by the American Falls International Board June -1974 PRESERVATION AND ENHANCEMENT OF AMERICAN FALLS APPENDIX. G .ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS TABLE OF CONTENTS Paragraph Page CHAPTER G 1 .INTRODUCTION G1 CHAPTER G2 .ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING . NIAGARA RESERVATION AND SURROUNDING REGION GENERAL DESCRIPTION ............................................................... PHYSICAL ELEMENTS ..................................................................... GENERAL .................................................................................... STRATIGRAPHY ......................................................................... SOILS ............................................................................................ WATER QUALITY ........................................................................ CLIMATE INVENTORY ................................................................... CLIMATE ....................................................................................... AIR QUALITY .............................................................................. BIOLOGICAL ELEMENTS ................................................................ TERRESTRIAL VEGETATION ..................................................... TERRESTRIAL WILDLIFE ......................................................... -
Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters Volume
MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE, ARTS AND PAPERS OF THE MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF LETTERS SCIENCE ARTS AND LETTERS EDITORS VOLUME XII EUGENE S. MCCARTNEY UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN CONTAINING PAPERS SUBMITTED AT THE ANNUAL MEETING IN 1929 PETER OKKELBERG UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN (The papers in Botany and Zoölogy of the 1929 meeting appear in Volume XI.) UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN he annual volume of Papers of the Michigan 1930 T Academy of Science, Arts and Letters is issued All rights reserved under the joint direction of the Council of the Academy and of the Executive Board of the Graduate School of Copyright, 1930, BY GRADUATE SCHOOL, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN the University of Michigan. The editor for the Academy EDITOR, EUGENE S. MCCARTNEY is Peter Okkelberg; for the University, Eugene S. Set up and printed, McCartney. February, 1930 Published, March, 1930 Previous publications of The Michigan Academy of PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Science now known as The Michigan Academy of BY THE PLIMPTON PRESS · NORWOOD · MASS. Science, Arts and Letters, were issued under the title, Annual Report of the Michigan Academy of Science. Twenty-two volumes were published, of which those OFFICERS FOR 1929 numbered 1, 21 and 22 are out of print. Copies of the other volumes are still available for distribution and will President be sent on exchange so long as the editions last. W. H. WORREL Applications for copies should be addressed to the University of Michigan Librarian of the University of Michigan. Vice-President L. A. KENOYER Annual Reports embracing the proceedings of the Western State Normal College Academy will however, continue to be published. -
A Journey Through the Cordillera Blanca of Peru
88 A JOURNEY THROUGH THE CORDILLERA BLANCA OF PERU A JOURNEY THROUGH THE CORDILLERA BLANCA OF PERU BY H. L. STEMBRIDGE (Six illustrations: nos. 30- 35) • F the nine weeks that Alf Gregory and I were together in Peru in the middle of 1963 five were spent among the mountains of the Cordillera Blanca, two in the 'hotlands ', the lush, humid forests bordering the Alto Madre de Dios river, the remainder in the central uplands where the great ruined cities of the Incas ar.e to be found. Each phase had its attractions. If the ruins enthralled us, the jungle~ was far and away the most amusing, though a trifle uncomfortable, but for unalloyed pleasure a three weeks' journey through the Cordillera Blanca takes pride of place. I suppose that most of us, at some period in our lives, find that the urge to lay siege to a peak diminishes that our happiness among mountains spreads itself to embrace everything that surrounds them, that to travel along the valleys and ridges and over the passes camping, photographing, meeting a people whose history and customs intrigue us, gives to us as much pleasure as do the mountains we manage to scale. For people who enjoy this sort of thing, there can be nothing better than the Cordillera Blanca. Greg says the peaks there are as fine as any in the world, and he should know. Equally impressive were the accessories the flowers in late spring, more colourful than the Alps, birds amazing in variety, a climate set fair from May to August, unexploited antiquities and, of course, the Indians, primitive, splendid, colourful, dirty, completely uninhibited ,.---most of all the Indians. -
Souvenir View Book of Niagara Falls.
SoiwenirWiew Bo6l{ of Kiiagara Falls .ov^ \ 273743 ^- LIBRARY BROCK UNIV£RSiT)t " " ' ^ ' '—T'ffiSg'?^?''*^ 'i^S^j Niagara Falls, New York lAGARA FALLS, the greatest natural wonder in the world, is sitiiated. about twenty-two miles from the beginning of the Niagara River at Lake Elrie and fourteen miles from where this river empties into Lake Onteirio. It is divided into two distinct falls known as th<5 American and Horseshoe Falls, by Goat Island, which is now a gov- ernment reservation. The American Fall is 1 67 feet high, 1 060 feet wide. Horseshoe Fall is 158 feet high and 3010 feet wide. It is estimated that 1 5,000,000 cubic feet of water pass over both falls each minute. The total fall of the Niagara River, from its source at Lake Erie to Lake Ontario is 336 feet, as follows: From Lake Erie to the brink of the faUs, 70 feet, at the falls. 161 feet, from the falls to Lake Ontario 105 feet. About twenty-two miles south of Niagara Falls, where the Niagara River leaves Lake Elrie, is located the city of BufiFalo. a prosperous, rapidly growing city, with a population of about 600,000. ns KSViiS^fatf^iiinSvuB'Si till ^ CROSSING THE GREAT WHIRLPOOL, NIAGARA FALLS, CANADA. AERO CABLE CAR Kapids mi.^beWwth^Fa^^^^ Tt^S?i« which oj^tf rTrf car span the .or^e above the Whirlpool 3 becomes a seathing. leaping, maddened torrent oi loan. tremendous flow of water is oonfined to a narrow space and wat«r. as', ^^^^^TwS J. -
Final AESE 2018 Meeting Information
Association of Earth Science Editors 52nd Annual Meeting Niagara Falls, New York, September 26 to 29, 2018 (3rd and Final Meeting Circular – August 2018) The Association of Earth Science Editors’ next annual meeting—its 52nd—will be held in Niagara Falls, New York, September 26 to 29, 2018. We hope you’ll join us for what promises to a great meeting, in a spectacular setting. AESE meetings are a wonderful way to learn about earth science editing, publishing and communication. Meetings are generally small in size and provide unparalleled opportunities to network with other editors, publishers and educators working in the earth sciences. This year’s Technical Program Chair is Phil Farquharson (San Diego Miramar College), and Host Chair is Marg Rutka (Ontario Geological Survey). We’re looking for volunteers, so if you would like to help out with planning the meeting or have ideas about talks, what we should see on the field trip, and speakers we could approach for the technical sessions or the Awards dinner, please get in touch with Phil or Marg (contact information at the bottom of this document). This latest update contains information on (use links to facilitate navigation) The American Falls, viewed from just south of the Niagara Falls • registration Observation Tower in Niagara Falls State Park. Photo credit: • Niagara Falls information Destination Niagara USA. • getting to Niagara Falls • meeting hotel • hotel contact information • hotel restaurants and amenities • room rates • making reservations for the AESE meeting • conference center • parking • opening reception • technical program and Call for Abstracts • awards dinner • field trip • meals • websites and recommended reading • staying connected. -
INTERMEDIATE LEVEL CLIMBS Grade: PD+/AD Altitude: 6354M
INTERMEDIATE LEVEL CLIMBS Grade: PD+/AD Altitude: 6354m.a.s.l. Chopicalqui is located in the Llanganuco valley, between Huascaran and Contrahierbas mountains. With a summit elevation of 6,354 meters (20,846 ft.) above sea level it is one of the highest peaks of the Cordillera Blanca. This climb has some technical sections and requires some climbing experience. There may be some steep sections depending on mountain conditions, and climbers will use their alpine climbing, glacier travel, rope and rappel skills. Climbers are rewarded with spectacular views of Huascaran, Yanapaccha, Chacraraju, Pisco, and the Huandoys. Day 1: Huaraz - Chopicalqui Base Camp This morning we’ll pick you up at your hotel and head towards the Callejón de Huaylas on the north side of Huaraz. As we head out of Huaraz the scenery quickly changes to beautiful traditional Andean villages and farmland. We’ll pass through Carhuaz, its name derived from qarwash which means yellow, and the color of the retama flower (broom flowers) known to the area (2650m/8692ft). Here we will find traditional homemade ice-cream, fresh milk, and the freshest local fruits. We continue and eventually reach the small town of Yungay. This town was completely buried by an avalanche that crashed down from Mt. Huascarán’s north peak in 1970. From here we begin our climb up the Llanganuco Valley to the entrance to the Llanganuco Valley where we will register at the National Park Control station. After we will visit the two sublime lakes of Llanganuco and pause for lunch. After we’ll continue driving up the Ancush Valley between Huascarán and Chopicalqui. -
AESE Niagara Falls Meeting Update
Association of Earth Science Editors 52nd Annual Meeting Niagara Falls, New York, September 26 to 29, 2018 (2nd Meeting Circular – April 2018) The Association of Earth Science Editors’ next annual meeting—its 52nd—will be held in Niagara Falls, New York, September 26 to 29, 2018. We hope you’ll join us for what promises to a great meeting, in a spectacular setting. AESE meetings are a wonderful way to learn about earth science editing, publishing and communication. Meetings are generally small in size and provide unparalleled opportunities to network with other editors, publishers and educators working in the earth sciences. This year’s Technical Program Chair is Phil Farquharson (San Diego Miramar College), and Host Chair is Marg Rutka (Ontario Geological Survey). We’re looking for volunteers, so if you would like to help out with planning the meeting or have ideas about talks, what we should see on the field trip, and speakers we could approach for the technical sessions or the Awards dinner, please get in touch with Phil or Marg (contact information at the bottom of this document). This latest update contains information on (use links to facilitate navigation) The American Falls, viewed from just south of the Niagara Falls • registration Observation Tower in Niagara Falls State Park. Photo credit: • Niagara Falls information Destination Niagara USA. • getting to Niagara Falls • meeting hotel • hotel contact information • hotel restaurants and amenities • room rates • making reservations for the AESE meeting • conference center • parking • opening reception • technical program and Call for Abstracts • awards dinner • field trip • meals • websites and recommended reading • staying connected. -
Fixing Niagara Falls
Fixing Niagara Falls Environment, Energy, and Engineers at the World’s Most Famous Waterfall !"#$%& '"()"*&"#% +,*%-,*. /0 1*"%2% 30## 4e Nature | History | Society series is devoted to the publication of high- quality scholarship in environmental history and allied 5elds. Its broad compass is signalled by its title: nature because it takes the natural world seriously; history because it aims to foster work that has temporal depth; and society because its essential concern is with the interface between nature and society, broadly conceived. 4e series is avowedly interdisciplinary and is open to the work of anthropologists, ecologists, historians, geographers, literary scholars, political scientists, sociologists, and others whose interests resonate with its mandate. It o6ers a timely outlet for lively, innovative, and well-written work on the interaction of people and nature through time in North America. General Editor: Graeme Wynn, University of British Columbia A list of titles in the series appears at the end of the book. Contents List of Illustrations / viii Foreword: Iconic Falls, Contrived Landscapes, and Tantalizing Opportunities / xi Graeme Wynn Acknowledgments / xxvii List of Abbreviations / xxxi Introduction: Characterizing Niagara / 7 8 Harnessing Niagara: Developments up to the Twentieth Century / 89 : Saving Niagara: Innovation and Change in the Early Twentieth Century / 7; 7 Negotiating Niagara: Environmental Diplomacy and the 8;<= Treaty / >7 ? Empowering Niagara: Diversions and Generating Stations / ;= < Disguising Niagara: 4e Horseshoe Falls Waterscape / 878 > Preserving Niagara: 4e American Falls Campaign / 8>9 Conclusion: Fabricating Niagara / 8;9 Notes / :8= Bibliography / :98 Index / :;8 @#A*,.B(A$,# Characterizing Niagara If you wish to see this place in its grandeur, hasten. -
Description of the Niagara Quadrangle
DESCRIPTION OF THE NIAGARA QUADRANGLE. By E. M. Kindle and F. B. Taylor.a INTRODUCTION. different altitudes, but as a whole it is distinctly higher than by broad valleys opening northwestward. Across northwestern GENERAL RELATIONS. the surrounding areas and is in general bounded by well-marked Pennsylvania and southwestern New York it is abrupt and escarpments. i nearly straight and its crest is about 1000 feet higher than, and The Niagara quadrangle lies between parallels 43° and 43° In the region of the lower Great Lakes the Glaciated Plains 4 or 5 miles back from the narrow plain bordering Lake Erie. 30' and meridians 78° 30' and 79° and includes the Wilson, province is divided into the Erie, Huron, and Ontario plains From Cattaraugus Creek eastward the scarp is rather less Olcott, Tonawanda, and Lockport 15-minute quadrangles. It and the Laurentian Plateau. (See fig. 2.) The Erie plain abrupt, though higher, and is broken by deep, narrow valleys thus covers one-fourth of a square degree of the earth's sur extending well back into the plateau, so that it appears as a line face, an area, in that latitude, of 870.9 square miles, of which of northward-facing steep-sided promontories jutting out into approximately the northern third, or about 293 square miles, the Erie plain. East of Auburn it merges into the Onondaga lies in Lake Ontario. The map of the Niagara quadrangle shows escarpment. also along its west side a strip from 3 to 6 miles wide comprising The Erie plain extends along the base of the Portage escarp Niagara River and a small area in Canada. -
Rate of Recession of Niagara Falls
iiiiiiliiiiiii* RATE OF RECESSION OF NIAGARA FALLS BY K. G. GILBERT SpCl T27 N8 G46 ^^^^ mivEns,^^VNrv 186084 ^' Descriptive Geology, Bulletin No. 306 Series i ^"®^\P, Geography, 54 DEPARTMENT OF THE IXTERIOR UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CHARLES D. WALCOTT, Director RATE OF RECESSION OF NIAGARA FAILS G-. K. GILBERT ACCOMPANIED BY A REPORT ON THE SURVEY OF THE CREST -W. CARVEL H^ILiL WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1907 / ^' Descriptive Geology, 109 Bulletin No. «?AriP=! ^®™n F, Geography, 54 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CHARLES D. WALCOTT, Directok RATE (IF RECESSION OF NIAGARA FALLS G^. K. OILBERT ACCOMPANIED BY A REPORT ON THE SURVEY OF THE CREST -S\r. CARVEL H^LL WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFIC! 1907 CONTENTS. Introduction 5 The Horseshoe Fall 13 The American Fall 17 The map of 1842 23 Summary and conclusion 25 Report of survey of crest line of Niagara Falls, by W. Carvel Hall 26 LLUSTRATIOXS. Page. Plate I. Horseshoe Fall, 1886 5 11. Map, crest lines of Niagara Falls in 1842, 1875, 1886. 189(). and 1905 10 HI. Sketch of Horseshoe Fall, 1827 15 rV^ Photograph of Horseshoe Fall, 1895 15 V. Sketch of American Fall from Goat Island, 1827. 17 VI. Photograph of American Fall from Goat Island, 1895 17 VII. Sketch of American Fall from Prospect Point, 1827 19 VIII. Photograph of American Fall fi-ora Prospect Point, 1895 19 IX. American Fall, 1854 or 1855, from daguerreotype 20 X. Eastern part of Horseshoe Fall, about 1885 22 XI. American Fall, about 1885 22 Fig. 1. Diagrammatic profile of Horseshoe Fall 5 2. -
Revista De Glaciares Y Ecosistemas De Montaña
ISSN 2519-7649 Revista de Glaciares y Ecosistemas de Montaña Año 2, Número 3 – Diciembre 2017 INAIGEM Instituto Nacional de Investigación en Glaciares y Ecosistemas de Montaña Huaraz, Ancash, Perú Revista de Glaciares y Ecosistemas de Montaña INAIGEM Presidente Ejecutivo Ing. Benjamín Morales Arnao Secretario General Sr. Jorge Rojas Fernández Editor Mg. Steven A. Wegner Comité Editorial Sr. Jorge Rojas Fernández Ing. Ricardo Villanueva Ramírez Dr. Roberto Arias Flores Comité Consultivo Dr. Lonnie Thompson (School of Earth Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, EE.UU.) Dr. Cedomir Marangunic Damianovic (Geoestudios, Santiago, Chile) Dr. Bernard Francou (LTHE - Laboratoire d’étude des Transferts en Hidrologie et Environnement, Grenoble, Francia) Prof. Dr. Wilfried Haeberli (Geographisches Institut, Universität Zürich, Suiza) Ing. Zaniel Novoa Goicochea (Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima) Dr. Jeffrey S. Kargel (Department of Hydrology & Atmospheric Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, EE.UU.) Dr. Enrique Flores Mariazza (Laboratorio de Utilización de Pastizales, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Lima) Dr. Hildegardo Córdova Aguilar (Centro de Investigación en Geografía Aplicada, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima) Dr. Bryan G. Mark (Department of Geography, The Ohio State University, Columbus, EE.UU.) La Revista de Glaciares y Ecosistemas de Montaña es una publicación científica de periodicidad semestral (junio y diciembre). Tiene como objetivo difundir los resultados de trabajos de investigación en glaciares y ecosistemas de montaña desarrollados en los Andes, especialmente en el Perú, pero también en otros países andinos. La revista publica artículos científicos originales e inéditos especialmente en las áreas de glaciología y ecología de ecosistemas de montaña, así como disciplinas afines de ciencias de la tierra, ciencias biológicas y ciencias sociales. -
Building Better Parks: Update on NY Parks 2020 Progress (Pdf)
BUILDING BETTER PARKS Update on NY Parks 2020 Progress LEADING THE NATION ON PARKS Niagara Falls State Park Dedication Letchworth Nature Center Dedication Jones Beach State Park West Bathhouse Dedication century ago, New York State built a park system that became the model A for the nation – a system that celebrated nature and gave people of all income levels a place to enjoy it. This system of parks, assembled with great vision and ambition, was a great gift to the people that was to last for the ages. Unfortunately, as time passed we did not fully appreciate the gift. It was our responsibility as citizens to preserve it and protect it and pass it on to our children, and we had not done that. From the outset of my administration in 2011, we have worked to reverse the trend of deteriorating parks. We launched NY Parks 2020, a $900 million multi-year commitment to restore the park system. This is an investment in a system unique in the nation. We are bringing back the grandeur bestowed on us, while improving our tourism economy. It’s an important investment and it’s one that we’re going to be proud to pass on to our children. Governor Andrew M. Cuomo NY PARKS 2020: $900 million to revitalize New York State Parks 176 Parks Improved and Counting 300 New Cabins and Cottages 30 New Nature and Jones Beach State Park Nature Center Cultural Centers 72 New and Improved Playgrounds 90 New and Improved Bathrooms 700 Infrastructure Allegany State Park Letchworth State Park Projects The Governor has made the protection of land and parks a hallmark of his tenure.