DOCSLIB.ORG

The History of Nations India-Persia by George M. Dutcher

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The History of Nations India-Persia by George M. Dutcher ii i , " ii I, ifiiii! Sill i&muW %mm\ii pitotig THE GIFT OF ^.ru5:^s^>^atftJj.,.&..BAJ^ A>3-I^;3,S.| a|ig:.|v-|. 3041 Cornell University Library D 20.H94 India, 3 1924 028 174 476 Cornell University Library The original of tiiis book is in tine Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924028174476 the: HISTORY OF NATIONS INDIA-PERSIA THE HISTORY OF NATIONS HENRY CABOT LODGE,Ph.D.,LLD. EDITOR-IN-CHIEF INDIA by SIR WILLIAM W. HUNTER T.R.S. Late Director-General of Statistics in India and MODERN PERSIA Edited bv GEORGE M.DUTCHERPhD. Professor of History Wesleyan University Volume V Illustrated John D.Morris and Company Phi 1 adelphia E.V. Copyright, 1906, by JOHN D. MORRIS & COMPANY THE HISTORY OF NATIONS EDITOR-IN-CHIEF HENRY CABOT LODGE, PL D., LL. D. Associate Editors ana Authors ARCHIBALD HENRY SAYCE, LL. D., SIR ROBERT K. DOUGLAS, Professor of Assyriology, Oxford Uni- Professor of Chinese, King's College, versity London CHRISTOPHER JOHNSTON, M. D., JEREMIAH WHIPPLE JENKS, Ph. D., Ph. D., LL. D., Associate Professor of Oriental History Professor of Political Economy and and Archaeology^ Johns Hopkins Politics, Cornell University University KANICHI ASAKAWA, Ph. D., C. W. C. OMAN, LL. D., Instructor in the History of Japanese Professor of History, Oxford University Civilization, Yale University THEODOR MOMMSEN, WILFRED HAROLD MUNRO, Ph. D., Professor of European History, Brown Late Professor of Ancient History, Uni- University versity of Berlin G. MERCER ADAM, ARTHUR C. HOWLAND, Ph. D., Historian and Editor Department of History, University of Pennsylvania FRED MORROW FLING, Ph. D., Professor of European History, Univer- CHARLES MERIVALE, LL. D., sity of Nebraska Late Dean of Ely, formerly Lecturer in History, Cambridge University FRAN5OIS AUGUSTE MARIE MIGNET, Late Member of the French Academy J. HIGGINSON CABOT, Ph.D., JAMES WESTFALL THOMPSON, Ph. D., Department of History, Wellesley Col- Department of History, University of lege Chicago SIR WILLIAM W. HUNTER, F. R. S., SAMUEL RAWSON GARDINER, LL. D., Late Director-General of Statistics in Professor of Modern History, King's India College, London GEORGE M. DUTCHER, Ph. D., R. W. JOYCE, LL. D., Professor History, Wesleyan Uni- of Commissioner for the Publication of the versity Ancient Laws of Ireland ASSOCIATE EDITORS AND AUTHORS JUSTIN McCarthy, ll. d., PAUL LOUIS LEQER, Author and Historian Professor of the Slav Languages, Col- lige de France AUGUSTUS HUNT SHEARER, Ph. D., Instructor in History, Trinity College, WILLIAM E. LINGLEBACH, Ph. D., Hartford Assistant Professor of European His- tory, University Pennsylvania W. HAROLD CLAFLIN, B. A., of Department of History, Harvard Uni- BAYARD TAYLOR, versity Former United States Minister to Germany CHARLES DANDLIKER, LL. D., President Zurich of University SIDNEY B. FAY, Ph. D., ELBERT JAY BENTON, Ph. D., Professor of History, Dartmouth College Department History, of Western Re- J. SCOTT KELTIE, LL. D., serve University President Royal Geographical Society SIR S. EDWARD CREASY, ALBERT GALLOWAY KELLER, Ph. D., Late Professor of History, University Assistant Professor of the Science of College, London Society, Yale University Ph. D., ARCHIBALD CARY COOLIDGE, EDWARD JAMES PAYNE, M. A., Assistant Professor of History, Harvard Fellow of University College, Oxford University PHILIP PATTERSON WELLS, Ph. D., WILLIAM RICHARD MORFILL, M. A. Lecturer in History and Librarian of Professor of Russian and other Slavonic the Law School, Yale University Languages, Oxford University FREDERICK ALBION OBER, CHARLES EDMUND FRYER, Ph. D.. Historian, Author and Traveler Department of History, McGill Uni- JAMES WILFORD GARNER, Ph. D., versity Professor of Political Science, Uni- E. C. OTTE, versity of Illinois Specialist on Scandinavian History JOHN BACH McMASTER, LIU. D., EDWARD S. CORWIN, Ph. D., LL. D., Instructor in History, Princeton Uni- Professor of History, Unwtrnty of versity Pennsylvania JAMES LAMONT PERKINS, Managing Editor The editors and publishers desire to express their appreciation for valuable advice and suggestions received from the following: Hon. Andrew D. White, LL. D., Alfred Thayer Mahan, D. C. L., LL. D., Hon. Charles Emory Smith, LL. D., Professor Edward Gayiord Bourne, Ph. D., Charles F. Thwing, LL. D., Dr. Emil Reich, William Elliot Griffis, LL. D., Professor John IVIartin Vincent, Ph. D., LL. D., Melvil Dewey, LL. D., Alston Ellis, LL. D., Professor Charles H. McCarthy, Ph. D., Professor Herman V. Ames, Ph. D., Professor Walter L. Fleming, Ph. D., Professor David Y. Thomas, Ph. D., IVIr. Otto Reich and Mr. O. M. Dickerson. PREFACE The history of nearly every European country affords the historian a subject of homogeneous character for his task; not so with the history of India, for instead of one race, many must be dealt with ; instead of one rehgion the people of India include numerous devotees of nearly all the great world faiths; instead of a single state with one form of government with a continuous history, there have been numerous states with varying governmental systems, and tribes and empires have crowded and jostled one another, with dynasty rapidly displacing dynasty. The problem is yet more difficult, for the historian of India has always the un- fathomed oriental to study, and then for more than four centuries must chronicle how the men of the West have come to India to win empires, and must unravel the tangled web wrought by European and Hindu as they have lived and fought and toiled together. No light task is it, then, to take up the history of India and her peoples. Probably no one person has ever devoted himself so completely and so faithfully to this endless but endlessly inter- esting task as did Sir William Wilson Hunter. From his arrival in India in 1861 to take up an assignment to a minor post, he labored "first to enable England to learn India's wants; next to help England to think fairly of India; and, finally, to make the world feel the beauty and pathos of Indian life." In 1869 Lord Mayo appointed him to organize the statistical survey of the Indian empire, and for twelve years he toiled, in collaboration with num- erous assistants, in the production of the 128 volumes which contain the reports of that survey. The remainder of his life was spent in the further pursuit of the same interesting studies. His last work, a few weeks before his death in 1900, was on his " His- " tory of British India —a work which every student of Indian history must regret will remain forever unfinished. In order to put the wealth of material contained in the mas- sive Statistical Survey of British India in a convenient and easily : X PREFACE accessible form, Hunter in 1881 brought out the first edition of the " Imperial Gazetteer of India," of which a second edition in fourteen volumes was published in 1885, and a third edition is now " in the in preparation by Mr. J. S. Cotton. The article, India," Gazetteer, fills the sixth volume, and a separate revised edition " of it was published in 1893 under the title The Indian Empire, Its People, History, and Products." The sixteen historical chap- ters from this work were early published in a somewhat condensed form under the title of " A Brief History of Indian Peoples," and in a more condensed form appeared under the article " India " in the ninth edition of the " Encyclopaedia Britannica." More than eighty-five thousand copies of twenty-two English editions of the " Brief History " were published during the author's life, and a twenty-third edition prepared by the Rev. W. H. Hutton bears the date 1903. Several translations of the little book have been made, including versions in some of the languages of India. It has been widely used as a text-book in India, and since 1886 has been required for entrance examination by the Calcutta University. Such evidences of the authoritative character and the popularity of the " Brief History " are surely a full warrant for the selection of it as one of the volumes of THE HIStORY OF NATIONS. Sir William Hunter may be allowed in the words of the preface to the first edition to tell the aims of his book "In this book I try to exhibit the growth of the Indian peoples, to show what part they have played in the world's progress, and what sufferings they have endured from other nations. Short Indian histories, as written by Englishmen, usually dismiss the first two thousand years of their narrative in a few pages, and start by disclosing India as a conquered country. This plan is not good, either for Europeans in India or for the Indians themselves; nor does it accord with the facts. As long as Indian history is presented to the Indian youth as nothing but a dreary record of disunion and subjection, our Anglo-Indian schools can scarcely become the nurseries of a self-respecting nation. I have there- fore tried to put together, from original sources, a brief narrative of what I believe to be the true history of the peoples of India. These sources have been carefully examined in my larger works. This little book merely states, without discussing, the results arrived at by the labor of thirty years. " I have tried to show how an early gifted race, ethnically PREFACE xi akin to our own, welded the primitive forest tribes into settled communities. How the nobler stock, set free from the severer struggle for life by the bounty of the Indian soil, created a lan- guage, a literature, and a religion, of rare stateliness and beauty. How the very absence of that strenuous striving with nature, which is so necessary a discipline for nations, unfitted them for the great conflicts which await all races.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Proquest Dissertations
    The accidental tourist, Wilfrid Scawen Blunt, Islamic reform and the British invasion of Egypt in 1882 Item Type text; Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Berdine, Michael Denis Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 24/09/2021 02:53:13 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289705 INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. in the unliitely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing firom left to right in equal sections with small overiaps. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge.
    [Show full text]
  • Economists' Papers 1750-2000
    ECONOMISTS’PAPERS 1750 - 2000 A Guide to Archive and other Manuscript Sources for the History of British and Irish Economic Thought. ELECTRONIC EDITION ….the ideas of economists and political philosophers, both when they are right and when they are wrong, are more powerful than is commonly understood. Indeed the“ world is ruled by little else. “Practical men, who believe themselves to be quite exempt from any intellectual influences, are usually the slaves of some defunct economist.’ John Maynard Keynes’s General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money (1936) ECONOMISTS’ PAPERS 1750-2000 THE COMMITTEE OF THE GUIDE TO ARCHIVE SOURCES IN THE HISTORY OF ECONOMIC THOUGHT IN 1975 R.D. COLLISON BLACK Professor of Economics The Queen’s University of Belfast A.W. COATS Professor of Economic and Social History University of Nottingham B.A. CORRY Professor of Economics Queen Mary College, London (now deceased) R.H. ELLIS formerly Secretary of the Royal Commission on Historical Manuscripts LORD ROBBINS formerly Professor of Economics University of London (now deceased) D.N. WINCH Professor of Economics University of Sussex ECONOMISTS' PAPERS 1750-2000 A Guide to Archive and other Manuscript Sources for the History of British and Irish Economic Thought Originally compiled by R. P. STURGES for the Committee of the Guide to Archive Sources in the History of Economic Thought, and now revised and expanded by SUSAN K. HOWSON, DONALD E. MOGGRIDGE, AND DONALD WINCH with the assistance of AZHAR HUSSAIN and the support of the ROYAL ECONOMIC SOCIETY © Royal Economic Society 1975 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without permission.
    [Show full text]
  • Forces of History: American-Iranian Diplomacy 1949-1953
    University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 2000 Forces of history: American-Iranian diplomacy 1949-1953 James H. Hippensteel The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Hippensteel, James H., "Forces of history: American-Iranian diplomacy 1949-1953" (2000). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 5205. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/5205 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Maureen and Mike MANSFIELD LIBRARY Hie University ofMONTANA Permission is granted by the author to reproduce this material in its entirety, provided that this material is used for scholarly purposes and is properly cited in published works and reports. * * Please check " Yes" or "No" and provide signature * * Yes, I grant permission No, I do not grant permission Author's Signature Any copying for commercial purposes or financial gain may be undertaken only with the author's explicit consent. THE FORCES OF HISTORY: AMERICAN-IRAMAN DIPLOMACY, 1949-1953 by James H. Hippensteel B.A. The University o f Montana, 1996 presented in partial fulfillment o f the requirements for die degree o f Master of Arts The University o f Montana 2000 Approved by: DearvGraduateSc to o l 5-31- 2M«> Date UMI Number: EP40669 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The guality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted.
    [Show full text]
  • Our Viceregal Life in India
    OUK VICEEEGAL LIFE IN INDIA SELECTIONS FROM MY JOURNAL 1884— 1888 BY THE MARCHIONESS OF DUFFERIN & AVA IN TWO VOLUMES VOL. II FOURTH THOUSAND WITH PORTRAIT AND MAP LONDON JOHN MURRAY, ALBEMARLE STREET 1890 All riglits reserved CONTENTS OF THE SECOND VOLUME CHAPTER VIII SPEING AND SUMMEE, 1 886 March 9 to October 24 PAGE The Begum of Bhopal— Visit to Native Houses — Mrs. Ameer Ali's Party— The Black Hole—Durbhunga—Chukkia—The Maha- rajah of Benares—Benares—Bamnugger—The most sacred Temple in India—The Water Festival— Opening of Muir College at Allahabad— Cawnpore— Memorial Well— Simla—At Home — ' ' The Midge —Inverarm—Distribution of Household— Sipi Fair— Naldera —Gymkhana—Death of General Hughes—The Silver Question—Eton Dinner at Sir Frederick Boberts'— Ripon Hospital Fete —Sky Baces —Fancy Dress Ball— The Weather — The Viceroy's Clay Pigeons —The Children's Fancy Dress Party — Sport at Dhamin—Garden Party—Fete at Armsdell— Visit of Duke and Duchess of Connaught 1 CHAPTER IX AUTUMN TOUE, 1 886 LUCKNOW, BOMBAY, HYDEEABAD, MYSOEE October 25 to December 15 Lord Clandeboye's illness—Alighur—Lucknow—Bombay—Malabar Point—The Towers of Silence - Departure of Lady Helen and Miss Thynne - Purdah Party—The Parsee Ladies—The Descen- dant of Aga Khan—Ball at the Yacht Club — The Caves of Elephanta—Poona—Drive from Nandgaon to Ellora—The Caves —Temple of Kailas—Tomb of Aurungzebe—Aurungabad—Dau- latabad — Ahmednugger — Hyderabad — The Residency — The —— G] OUB VICEBEGAL LIFE IN INDIA Nizam—Sports—Banquet at the Palace—Deputation from Berar — Secunderabad—Bolarum—Nawab Salar Jung's Water Party — Panther spearing—Amazon Guard—Long Kailway Journey —Mysore — The Maharajah — The Palace — The Maharani's School—Deputation from Coorg—Entertainment at the Town Hall— Seringapatam—Bangalore—Madras—Departure of Sir M.
    [Show full text]
  • Economic Hist of India Under Early British Rule
    The Economic History of India Under Early British Rule FROM THE RISE OF THE BRITISH POWER IN 1757 TO THE ACCESSION OF QUEEN VICTORIA IN 1837 ROMESH DUTT, C.I.E. VOLUME 1 First published in Great Britain by Kegan Paul, Trench, Triibner, 1902 CONTENTS PAGE PREFACE . r . vii CHAP. I. GROWTH OF THE EMPIRE I I e ocI 111. LORD CLlVE AND RIS SUCCESSORS IN BEXGAL, 1765-72 . 35 V. LORD CORNWALLIS AND THE ZEMINDARI SETTLEMENT IN BENGAL, 1785-93 . 81 VI. FARMING OF REVESUES IN MADRAS, 1763-85 . VJI. OLD AND NEW POSSESSIONS IN MADRAS, I 785-1807 VIII. VILLAGE COMMUNITIES OR INDIVIDUAL TENANTS? A DEBATE IN MADRAS, 1807-20. IX. MUNRO AND THE RYOTWARI SETTLEMENT IN MADRAS, 1820-27 . X. LORD WELLESLEY AND CONQUESTS IN NORTHERN INDIA, 1795-1815 . XI. LORD HASTINGS AND THE MAHALWARI SETTLEMENT IN NORTHERN INDIA, 1815-22 . XII. ECONOMIC CONDITIOR OF SOUTHERN INDIA, 1800 . X~II. ECONOMlC CONDITION OF KORTHERN INDIA, 1808-15 Printed in Great Britain XIv. DECLINE OF INDUSTRIES, 1793-1813 . xv. STATE OF INDUSTRIE~, 1813-35 . • ~VI.EXTERNAL TRADE, 1813-35 a . vi CONTENTS PAGE CHAP. XVII. INTERNAL TRADE, CANALS AND RAILROADS, 1813-35 . 303 XVIII. ADMINISTRATIVE FAILURES,I 793-18 15 . 313 XIX. ADMINISTRATIVE REFORMS AND LORD WILLIAM DENTINCK, 1815-35 . 326 PREFACE XX. ELPHINSTONE IN BOMBAT, 1817-27 344 EXCELLENTworks on the military and political transac- XXI. WINGATE AXD THE RYOTIVARI SETTLEMENT IN tions of the British in India have been written by BOMBAY,1827-35 368 . eminent hi~t~orians.No history of the people of India, XXII.
    [Show full text]
  • Repor T Resumes
    REPOR TRESUMES ED 017 908 48 AL 000 990 CHAPTERS IN INDIAN CIVILIZATION--A HANDBOOK OF READINGS TO ACCOMPANY THE CIVILIZATION OF INDIA SYLLABUS. VOLUME II, BRITISH AND MODERN INDIA. BY- ELDER, JOSEPH W., ED. WISCONSIN UNIV., MADISON, DEPT. OF INDIAN STUDIES REPORT NUMBER BR-6-2512 PUB DATE JUN 67 CONTRACT OEC-3-6-062512-1744 EDRS PRICE MF-$1.25 HC-$12.04 299P. DESCRIPTORS- *INDIANS, *CULTURE, *AREA STUDIES, MASS MEDIA, *LANGUAGE AND AREA CENTERS, LITERATURE, LANGUAGE CLASSIFICATION, INDO EUROPEAN LANGUAGES, DRAMA, MUSIC, SOCIOCULTURAL PATTERNS, INDIA, THIS VOLUME IS THE COMPANION TO "VOLUME II CLASSICAL AND MEDIEVAL INDIA," AND IS DESIGNED TO ACCOMPANY COURSES DEALING WITH INDIA, PARTICULARLY THOSE COURSES USING THE "CIVILIZATION OF INDIA SYLLABUS"(BY THE SAME AUTHOR AND PUBLISHERS, 1965). VOLUME II CONTAINS THE FOLLOWING SELECTIONS--(/) "INDIA AND WESTERN INTELLECTUALS," BY JOSEPH W. ELDER,(2) "DEVELOPMENT AND REACH OF MASS MEDIA," BY K.E. EAPEN, (3) "DANCE, DANCE-DRAMA, AND MUSIC," BY CLIFF R. JONES AND ROBERT E. BROWN,(4) "MODERN INDIAN LITERATURE," BY M.G. KRISHNAMURTHI, (5) "LANGUAGE IDENTITY--AN INTRODUCTION TO INDIA'S LANGUAGE PROBLEMS," BY WILLIAM C. MCCORMACK, (6) "THE STUDY OF CIVILIZATIONS," BY JOSEPH W. ELDER, AND(7) "THE PEOPLES OF INDIA," BY ROBERT J. AND BEATRICE D. MILLER. THESE MATERIALS ARE WRITTEN IN ENGLISH AND ARE PUBLISHED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF INDIAN STUDIES, UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN, MADISON, WISCONSIN 53706. (AMM) 11116ro., F Bk.--. G 2S12 Ye- CHAPTERS IN INDIAN CIVILIZATION JOSEPH W ELDER Editor VOLUME I I BRITISH AND MODERN PERIOD U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION & WELFARE OFFICE OF EDUCATION THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRODUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGINATING IT.POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS STATED DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRESENT OFFICIAL OFFICE OF EDUCATION POSITION OR POLICY.
    [Show full text]
  • Women Rulers in Imperial China
    NAN N Ü Keith McMahonNan Nü 15-2/ Nan (2013) Nü 15 179-218(2013) 179-218 www.brill.com/nanu179 ISSN 1387-6805 (print version) ISSN 1568-5268 (online version) NANU Women Rulers in Imperial China Keith McMahon (University of Kansas) [email protected] Abstract “Women Rulers in Imperial China”is about the history and characteristics of rule by women in China from the Han dynasty to the Qing, especially focusing on the Tang dynasty ruler Wu Zetian (625-705) and the Song dynasty Empress Liu. The usual reason that allowed a woman to rule was the illness, incapacity, or death of her emperor-husband and the extreme youth of his son the successor. In such situations, the precedent was for a woman to govern temporarily as regent and, when the heir apparent became old enough, hand power to him. But many women ruled without being recognized as regent, and many did not hand power to the son once he was old enough, or even if they did, still continued to exert power. In the most extreme case, Wu Zetian declared herself emperor of her own dynasty. She was the climax of the long history of women rulers. Women after her avoided being compared to her but retained many of her methods of legitimization, such as the patronage of art and religion, the use of cosmic titles and vocabulary, and occasional gestures of impersonating a male emperor. When women ruled, it was an in-between time when notions and language about something that was not supposed to be nevertheless took shape and tested the limits of what could be made acceptable.
    [Show full text]
  • The New Zealand Case in a Global Context
    R P Boast QC * LAND, CUSTOM, AND IDEOLOGY 1870–1940: THE NEW ZEALAND CASE IN A GLOBAL CONTEXT ABSTRACT This article explores the ways in which ideologies relating to property and tenures changed in the later 19th and early 20th centuries. In the later 19th century utilitarian and classical liberal ideologies favouring individ- ualist and anti-corporate policies began to lose ground to new approaches favouring collectivism and cultural relativism. This trend manifested itself in a variety of ways and in a number of different disciplines, but the most important shift occurred with the rise of relativist anthropol- ogy associated in particular with Franz Boas. The changing climate of opinion had significant effects in countries as diverse as the United States, Mexico, and New Zealand. The article takes a comparativist approach and examines developments in a number of countries, while paying particular attention to the New Zealand case. New Zealand was a country which had already developed a complex body of statutory law relating to indigenous tenures by 1900. It is argued that although the impacts of the new trends in anthropology and other disciplines were mixed in New Zealand, they were nevertheless significant and are shown most clearly in the legisla- tion relating to Māori land development enacted in 1929 and associated in particular with Sir Ᾱpirana Ngata. Various policy developments in New Zealand in the 1930s, however, meant that Ngata’s vision for Māori landowners was only partially fulfilled. More generally the article is written from the perspective that it is important for developments in New Zealand to be understood in their international and intellectual contexts.
    [Show full text]
  • ED 277 288 TITLE AVAILABLE from HE 019 821 Teaching And
    ED 277 288 HE 019 821 TITLE Teaching and Research in International Law in Asia and the Pacific. Report of a Regional Consultation Meeting Including Nine Country Status Surveys (Seoul, Republic of Korea, October 10-13, 1984). Social and Human Sciences in Asia and the Pacific. PUSHSAP Series on Occasional Monographs and Papers, 11. INSTITUTION United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization,.Bangkok (Thailand). Regional Office for Education in Asia and the Pacific. PUB DATE 85 NOTE 271p. AVAILABLE FROMUNIPUB, 10033/F Martin Luther King Jr. Highway, Lanham, MD 20706-4391. PUB TYPE Collected Works - Conference Proceedings (021) -- Reports - Descriptive (141) EDRS PRICE MF01 Plus Postage. PC Not Available from EDRS. DESCRIPTORS *College Instruction; College Programs; Foreign Countries; *Geographic Regions; Higher Education; *International Law; Legal Education (Professions); Regional Cooperation; *Research IDENTIFIERS *Asia; Australia; India; Indonesia; Japan; Korea; *Pacific Islands; Pakistan; Philippines; Sri Lanka; Thailand ABSTRACT Information on teaching and research in international law for countries of the Asia-Pacific region is presented in proceedings of a 1984 conference sponsored by the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization. In addition toa regional overview, suggestions are offered for promoting regional cooperation in international law. Challenges in the teaching and study of international law, problems areas for students graduating in international law, and problems of the profession are considered. Status reports for nine countries on teaching and research in international law are 'provided by conference participants as follows: Australia (James Crawford), Iadia (M. L. Upadhyaya), Indonesia (Komar Kantaatmadja), Japan (Onuma Yasuaki), Republic of Korea (Chi Young Pak), Pakistan (M. A. Mannan), The Philippines (Adolfo S.
    [Show full text]
  • The Idea of Iran
    The Idea of Iran: Nationalism, Identity and National Consciousness among Diaspora Iranians A Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts at George Mason University by Darius Salimi Bachelor of Arts George Mason University, 2011 Director: Cortney Hughes-Rinker, Professor Department of Sociology & Anthropology Fall Semester 2013 George Mason University Fairfax, VA Copyright: 2013 Darius Salimi All Rights Reserved ii Dedication To my Aunt Lori. You were and are my inspiration to make the most of myself. iii Acknowledgements I received a tremendous amount of invaluable guidance in the form of many tiresome hours editing this document, input and feedback on content, and help in focusing my arguments and making my voice come through from three seemingly tireless people: Dr. Cortney Hughes-Rinker, Dr. Christopher P. Thornton and Dr. David W. Haines. I thank Cortney for her patience with me as my director and calm and thoughtful responses to my many questions and concerns; Chris for his expertise on Iran, ancient and modern as well as his good humor; and Dr. Haines, one of my very first professors at GMU, for his insights into the structure and voice of this thesis as well as for his superb advice and teaching over the years. I would also like to thank my family for being supportive of my interests and passions as they have always been, especially my sister Arista. iv Table of Contents Page List of Tables ................................................................................................................... viii List of Figures ................................................................................................................. viiii Abstract .............................................................................................................................. ix Chapter 1: Importance of the Iranian Case ........................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
    [Show full text]
  • And the Indian National Congress
    CHAPTER - VI 1 . SIR SYED AHMAD KHAN'S LEADERSHIP,- THE ALIGARH MOVEMENT AND THE INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS With the efforts of Raja Ram Mohan Roy ( 1772-1833) Hindus ·had received modern education and made their~'Vground sound and a middle class emerged out of them by the end ·of the third Quarter of the Nineteenth Century1 • But on the other hand, Muslims did not adopt modern· scientific education and thus no middle class came. into existence. They were highly slow to adjust themselves to the growing 2 nationalism which the Hindus already had developed. Moreover, Muslims were still being suspected of conspiring against the British Government. The appearance ·of Sir ·syed after revolt of 1857 had. sof-tened British attitude by writing "The causes of Indian Revolt 1857". But still much more was needed to be done. A number of newspapers had ·been increasing. after the Revolt, 1857 .. and those papers were producing a good deal of anti-Government feelings. The period of Lord Lytton, the 'I;:. hen Viceroy· of .India, was highly dicontent and this was because of his economic and .political policies and exploitation of the people was also acc~lerating. 3 The economic conditions of the Indian people had been fact deteriorating and the country was .boiling with discontent. At that time, two English men, -Allan Octavian Hume and William Wedderburn, both officials, were closely - 127 - associated with Indian's Political awakening and aspira- tions. The growth of popular discontent, the spreading of underg;round organisations and the · growing unrest in the country had been demonstrated in the Deccan by the risings of the peasants whose patience were exhausted and who were ready to commit violence on a large scale.
    [Show full text]
  • The Jin Revisited: New Assessment of Jurchen Emperors 345
    7KH-LQ5HYLVLWHG1HZ$VVHVVPHQWRI-XUFKHQ(PSHURUV -XOLD6FKQHLGHU Journal of Song-Yuan Studies, Volume 41, 2011, pp. 343-404 (Article) 3XEOLVKHGE\7KH6RFLHW\IRU6RQJ<XDQDQG&RQTXHVW'\QDVW\ 6WXGLHV DOI: 10.1353/sys.2011.0030 For additional information about this article http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/sys/summary/v041/41.schneider.html Access provided by Universiteit Gent (6 Mar 2015 14:53 GMT) The Jin Revisited: N e w A s s e s s m e n t o f J u r c h e n E m p e r o r s Julia Schneider ghent university In scholarship specializing in the Jurchen (Nüzhen 女真 or Nüzhi 女 直)1 Jin dynasty (1115–1234), the prevailing trend is to draw certain lines be- tween the imperial reign times. The earlier Jin emperors beginning with the second, Taizong 太宗 (r. 1123–1134),2 Xizong 熙宗 (r. 1135–50)3 and Hai ling wang 海陵王 (r. 1150–61)4 are labelled as ‘sinicized’ emperors.5 The fifth, Shizong 世宗 (r. 1161–89),6 is seen as the emperor who tried to resist this sinicization by initiating a Jurchen ‘revival’ or ‘nativistic movement.’7 However, . 1 In modern academic literature the Chinese name of the Jurchen is mostly given as Nüzhen, but in older sources like the Jinshi Nüzhi is used more often. 2. Jurchen name Wuqimai 吳乞買. 3. Jurchen name Digunai 迪古乃. 4. Jurchen name Hela 合剌. 5. A family tree of the Jurchen emperors appears at the end of this article. 6. Jurchen name Wulu 烏祿. 7. The term ‘nativist movement’ is also used.
    [Show full text]