DOCSLIB.ORG

Morphologische Und Ökologische Eigenschaften Allochthoner Mysidacea Aus Der Pontokaspis

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Morphologische Und Ökologische Eigenschaften Allochthoner Mysidacea Aus Der Pontokaspis Morphologische und ökologische Eigenschaften allochthoner Mysidacea aus der Pontokaspis Heidi Roth aus Greiz, geboren am 05.04.1994 Martrikelnummer: 212206772 Thema eingereicht am: 13.04.2015 Beginn der Laborzeit: 13.04.2015 Abgabedatum: 23.06.2015 Erstgutachter: Zweitgutachter: Dr. Michael L. Zettler Dr. Wolfgang Wranik Leibniz-Institut für Ostseeforschung Universität Rostock Warnemünde Institut für Biowissenschaften AG Ökologie benth. Organismen Meeresbiologie Tel.: +49 381 5197 236 Tel.: +49 381 498 6060 / 6058 [email protected] [email protected] BACHELORARBEIT im Bachelor-Studiengang Biowissenschaften MATHEMATISCH-NATURWISSENSCHAFTLICHE FAKULTÄT Institut für Biowissenschaften 1 Inhaltverzeichnis Zusammenfassung ...................................................................................................................... 2 Summary ..................................................................................................................................... 3 1 Einleitung ................................................................................................................................ 4 2 Material und Methoden ........................................................................................................... 6 3 Ergebnisse ................................................................................................................................ 8 3.1 Hemimysis anomala G.O. Sars, 1907 ............................................................................. 10 3.1.1 Taxonomie und Systematik ...................................................................................... 10 3.1.2 Morphologie ............................................................................................................. 12 3.1.3 Ökologie ................................................................................................................... 18 3.1.4 Verbreitung .............................................................................................................. 22 3.2 Limnomysis benedeni Czernviasky, 1882 ....................................................................... 25 3.2.1 Taxonomie und Systematik ...................................................................................... 25 .2.2 Morphologie ............................................................................................................... 27 3.2.3 Ökologie ................................................................................................................... 33 3.2.4 Verbreitung .............................................................................................................. 36 3.3 Paramysis lacustris (Czernviasky, 1882) ....................................................................... 38 3.3.1 Taxonomie und Systematik ...................................................................................... 38 3.3.2 Morphologie ............................................................................................................. 40 3.3.3 Ökologie ................................................................................................................... 46 3.3.4 Verbreitung .............................................................................................................. 48 4 Diskussion ............................................................................................................................. 50 4.1 Morphologische Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede ................................................... 50 4.2 Potentielle Gründe für weitreichende Expansion ........................................................... 52 5 Literaturverzeichnis ............................................................................................................... 54 Anhang ........................................................................................................................................ I I – Auflistung von Erstnachweisen der untersuchten Mysidaceen außerhalb der Pontokaspis ................................................................................................................................................. I II - Abkürzungsverzeichnis ................................................................................................. VII III – Material und Software................................................................................................ VIII IV – Danksagung .................................................................................................................. IX V – Eidesstattliche Erklärung ................................................................................................ X 2 Zusammenfassung In der vorliegenden Bachelorarbeit wird ein umfassender Überblick über drei Mysidaceen mit pontokaspischem Ursprung gegeben. Zu den untersuchten Arten zählen Hemimysis anomala G.O. Sars, 1907, Limnomysis benedeni Czerniavsky, 1882 und Paramysis lacustris (Czerna- ivsky, 1882). Es wird auf die Taxonomie, Systematik, Morphologie, Ökologie sowie Expansion der Tiere eingegangen. Die Ökologie umfasst die Lebensweise, Reproduktion, Ernährung und Habitate der Tiere. Ferner werden biotische Wechselwirkungen zwischen endemischen und den allochthonen Arten näher erläutert. In der anschließenden Diskussion werden morphologische Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede der Mysidaceen verdeutlicht. Abschließend werden poten- tielle Gründe für ihre weite Expansion dargelegt und Prognosen für weitere, mögliche Ausbrei- tungsgebiete gegeben. Alle drei Mysidaceen sind euryök und haben sich seit dem frühen 20. Jahrhundert über die Grenzen ihres natürlichen Verbreitungsgebietes ausgebreitet. Gründe für ihre rasante Ausbrei- tung liegen in ihrer Ökologie sowie in dem anthropogenen Einfluss auf die Organismen. Öko- logisch gesehen besitzen alle drei Arten einen hohen Toleranzbereich gegenüber dem Salzgeh- alt und der Temperatur. Infolge einer von der ehemaligen Sowjetunion beauftragten Aussetzung in den 1960er Jahren, wurden die Arten in verschiedene Reservoire und Gebiete in Osteuropa eingeführt. Limnomysis benedeni und Paramysis lacustris entwickelten stabile Populationen in litauischen Gewässersystemen und Reservoiren und expandierten, wie auch Hemimysis ano- mala in das Kurische Haff. Alle drei Arten werden potenziell als invasiv betrachtet, wobei sich Hemimysis anomala von diesen am rasantesten und weitesten in europäischen Flusssystemen und Ästuarien ausbreitete. 3 Summary The present paper is giving a comprehensive overview of three mysids with Ponto-Caspian origin. To the investigated species belong Hemimysis anomala G.O. Sars, 1907, Limnomysis benedeni Czerniavksy, 1882 and Paramysis lacustris (Czerniavksy, 1882). The taxonomy, mor- phology, ecology and the distribution of the animals are handled. The ecology is comprising the mode of life, reproduction, diet and the habitats of the species. Further the biotic interactions between endemic and the allochthonous species will be explained. The following discussion clarifies morphological similarities and differences of the mysids. Finally potentially reasons for their wide expansion are given and prognoses for further and possible distribution areas are shown. The three mysids are euryoecious and spread outside their natural distribution area in the early 20th century. Reasons for their rapid expansion are found in their ecological tolerance range as well as in anthropogenous impacts. The animals are having a high tolerance range towards sa- linity and temperature. In the 1960s the species were introduced in different reservoirs and areas of the former Soviet Union. Limnomysis benedeni and Paramysis lacustris were developing stable populations in Lithuanian water reservoirs and distributed in the same way like Hemimy- sis anomala in the Curonian Lagoon. All three species are potential invaders, whereas Hemimy- sis anomala did the most rapid and widest expansion in European river systems and estuarys. 4 1 Einleitung Die Pontokaspis setzt sich aus dem Schwarzen, Asowschen und Kaspischen Meer zusammen. Erdgeschichtlich war das pontokaspische Becken im Miozän von dem Ostmittelmeer isoliert (Grabowski et al., 2005). Zu dieser Zeit mündete die Paratethys1 in den Brackwassersee Sar- matian, welcher das heutige Schwarze und Südkaspische Meer beinhaltete (Grabowski et al., 2005). Infolge eines tiefen tektonischen Erdfalls wurde das südkaspische Becken, welches durch einen enormen Wassereinstrom vom Schwarzen Meer getrennt wurde, geformt. Durch mehrere aufeinander folgende, plattentektonische Bewegungen sowie einem rapiden Klima- wechsel, veränderten sich der Salzgehalt und der Wasserstand rapide (Grabowski et al., 2005). Folge waren Gletscherbildung und anschließende Deglaziationen, welche das heute vorlie- gende pontokaspische Becken formten. Das Kaspische Meer lag nun isoliert vor und entwi- ckelte seine heutig einzigartige Salzzusammensetzung (Grabowski et al., 2005). Das Schwarze Meer verband sich erst vor 8000 Jahren mit dem Mittelmeer, wobei ein Teil der einst so viel- seitigen Süßwasserfauna und -flora ausstarb. Die Organismen, welche überlebten, halten sich noch heute in Brackwasser–Lagunen und Flussmündungen auf (Grabowski et al., 2005). Das nördliche Küstengebiet des Schwarzen sowie auch des Kaspischen Meeres zeigt eine hohe Diversität an Brackwasserfauna, zum Beispiel Vertreter der Crustaceen wie Mysida, Amphi- poda und Cumacea (Audzijonyte et al., 2006). Die Familie der Mysidae gehört der Ordnung Mysida an,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Hemimysis Anomala Is Established in the Shannon River Basin District in Ireland
    Aquatic Invasions (2010) Volume 5, Supplement 1: S71-S78 doi: 10.3391/ai.2010.5.S1.016 Open Access © 2010 The Author(s). Journal compilation © 2010 REABIC Aquatic Invasions Records Hemimysis anomala is established in the Shannon River Basin District in Ireland Dan Minchin1,2* and Rick Boelens1 1Lough Derg Science Group, Castlelough. Portroe, Nenagh, Co Tipperary, Ireland 2Marine Organism Investigations, 3 Marina Village, Ballina, Killaloe, Co Clare, Ireland E-mail: [email protected] (DM), [email protected] (RB) *Corresponding author Received: 5 March 2010 / Accepted: 22 May 2010 / Published online: 29 July 2010 Abstract The Ponto-Caspian mysid shrimp Hemimysis anomala was found in Ireland for the first time in April 2008. During 2009 it was found throughout most of the Shannon River Navigation (~250km) occurring in swarms at estimated densities of ~6 per litre in shallows and in lower densities at depths of ~20m where its distribution overlaps with the native Mysis salemaai. Broods were found from March to September. It occurs mainly in lakes but small numbers were found at one river site. In summer, shallow- water specimens were found only during the night but in winter could be captured in daytime. It is not known by what means the species arrived in Ireland, or when. Key words: Hemimysis, mysid, Ireland, Shannon, lake, swarm Introduction H. anomala in 1992 on the coast of Finland is thought to have been with ships’ ballast water In April 2008, the Ponto-Caspian mysid (Salemaa and Hietalahti 1993), as is also the case Hemimysis anomala G.O. Sars, 1907 was disco- in the Great Lakes of North America (Audzi- vered for the first time in Ireland in a harbour on jonyte et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Marcin Penk's CV
    CURRICULUM VITAE MARCIN PENK B.Sc., Dip. Stat., M.Sc., Ph.D. EDUCATION 2010-2014: Trinity College Dublin, School of Natural Sciences Ph.D. in Aquatic Ecology Thesis: “Facing multiple challenges at range margins: influence of climate change, nutrient enrichment and an introduced competitor on the glacial relict, Mysis salemaai”. 2010-2011 Trinity College Dublin, School of Computer Science and Statistics Postgraduate Diploma in Statistics 2004-2006 Trinity College Dublin, School of Natural Sciences MSc (Environmental Sciences), Trinity College Dublin, Ireland Thesis: “Investigations into the food sources of the cockle, Cerastoderma edule in Dublin Bay: multiple stable isotopes approach” 2000-2004 West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland BSc in Agricultural Economics Thesis: ”Marine biodiversity and fisheries” CAREER HISTORY Consultant ecologist, BEC Consultants Ltd 02/2018-present Assessing saltmarsh vegetation in support of Irish compliance with EU Habitats Directive for NPWS. Postdoctoral Fellow, Trinity College Dublin, Botany Department 03/2016-02/2018 Investigating impacts of anthropogenic pressures on saltmarsh vegetation within the EPA-funded SAMFHIRES project (Saltmarsh Function and Human Impacts in Relation to Ecological Status). In summer 2016, I recorded 260 vegetation quadrats representing the full range of saltmarsh communities and distributed among 16 saltmarshes on the east and south coast of Ireland. At each plot, I recorded plant species coverage, collected and analysed samples of plant biomass and soil
    [Show full text]
  • The Aquatic Glacial Relict Fauna of Norway – an Update of Distribution and Conservation Status
    Fauna norvegica 2016 Vol. 36: 51-65. The aquatic glacial relict fauna of Norway – an update of distribution and conservation status Ingvar Spikkeland1, Björn Kinsten2, Gösta Kjellberg3, Jens Petter Nilssen4 and Risto Väinölä5 Spikkeland I, Kinsten B, Kjellberg G, Nilssen JP, Väinölä R. 2016. The aquatic glacial relict fauna of Norway – an update of distribution and conservation status. Fauna norvegica 36: 51-65. The aquatic “glacial relict” fauna in Norway comprises a group of predominantly cold-water animals, mainly crustaceans, which immigrated during or immediately after the deglaciation when some of the territory was still inundated by water. Their distribution is mainly confined to lakes in the SE corner of the country, east of the Glomma River in the counties of Akershus, Østfold and Hedmark. We review the history and current status of the knowledge on this assemblage and of two further similarly distributed copepod species, adding new observations from the last decades, and notes on taxonomical changes and conservation status. By now records of original populations of these taxa have been made in 42 Norwegian lakes. Seven different species are known from Lake Store Le/Foxen on the Swedish border, whereas six species inhabit lakes Femsjøen, Øymarksjøen and Rødenessjøen, and five are found in Aspern, Aremarksjøen and in the largest Norwegian lake, Mjøsa. From half of the localities only one of the species is known. The most common species are Mysis relicta (s.str.), Pallaseopsis quadrispinosa and Limnocalanus macrurus. Some populations may have become extirpated recently due to eutrophi- cation, acidification or increased fish predation. Apart from the main SE Norwegian distribution, some lakes of Jæren, SW Norway, also harbour relict crustaceans, which is puzzling.
    [Show full text]
  • Replace This with the Actual Title Using All Caps
    MYSIS DILUVIANA IN THE GREAT LAKES: HISTORIC DRIVERS OF ABUNDANCE AND PRODUCTION, AND CURRENT STATUS IN LAKE ONTARIO A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Cornell University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science by Toby Joseph Holda August 2017 © 2017 Toby Joseph Holda ABSTRACT Mysis diluviana are small, shrimp-like crustaceans native to the Laurentian Great Lakes, where they are important as planktivores and as prey for fish. Therefore, our understanding of offshore Great Lakes food webs requires an understanding of M. diluviana population dynamics in these systems. In this thesis, I review the factors observed to influence the abundance, life history, and production of M. diluviana in the Great Lakes, and report recent status (2013) in Lake Ontario, including the first production estimate since 1995. In Lake Ontario in 2013, M. diluviana abundance, biomass, and production were less than 50% of values in the 1990s, but age-0 growth rate and age-1 fecundity were higher. These results suggest food limitation was not the cause of the observed declines in abundance in the late 1990s. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH Toby Holda was born in Chicago, Illinois where took a special interest in fish, fishing, aquatic organisms, and science before graduating high school in 2009. He then attended the College of DuPage until 2011, when he transferred to the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. There, he was an active member of the university American Fisheries Society (AFS) subunit, and participated in undergrad research in the Cáceres and Wahl labs. He completed the degree for Bachelor of Science in Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences in the spring of 2013.
    [Show full text]
  • Crustacea: Mysida)
    Biogeographia – The Journal of Integrative Biogeography 34 (2019): 1–15 Amazonia versus Pontocaspis: a key to understanding the mineral composition of mysid statoliths (Crustacea: Mysida) KARL J. WITTMANN1,*, ANTONIO P. ARIANI2 1 Abteilung für Umwelthygiene, Medizinische Universität Wien, Kinderspitalgasse 15, A-1090 Vienna, (Austria), email: [email protected] 2 Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Cinthia, Complesso Monte S. Angelo, 80126 Napoli, (Italia), email: [email protected] * corresponding author Keywords: crystalline components, fluorite, freshwater, geographic distribution, marine, Paratethys, taxonomic distribution, Tethys, vaterite. SUMMARY We have determined the mineral composition of statoliths in 169 species or subspecies (256 populations) of the family Mysidae on a worldwide scale. Including previously published data, the crystallographic characteristics are now known for 296 extant species or subspecies: fluorite (CaF2) in 79%, vaterite (a metastable form of crystalline CaCO3) in 16%, and non-crystalline (organic) components in 5%, the latter exclusively and throughout in the subfamilies Boreomysinae and Rhopalophthalminae. Within the subfamily Mysinae vaterite or fluorite were found in three tribes, whereas other three tribes have fluorite only. The exclusive presence of fluorite was confirmed for the remaining seven subfamilies. Hotspots of vaterite were found in Amazonia and the Pontocaspis, in each case with reduced frequencies in main and tributary basins of the Atlantic and N-Indian Ocean. Vaterite is completely absent in the remaining aquatic regions of the world. In accordance with previous findings, fluorite occurred mainly in seawater, vaterite mostly in brackish to freshwater. Only vaterite was found in electrolyte-poor Black Water of Amazonia, which clearly cannot support the high fluorine demand for renewal of otherwise large fluorite statoliths upon each moult.
    [Show full text]
  • Ecological Impacts of an Invasive Predator Explained and Predicted by Comparative Functional Responses
    Ecological impacts of an invasive predator explained and predicted by comparative functional responses Jaimie T. A. Dick, Kevin Gallagher, Suncica Avlijas, Hazel C. Clarke, Susan E. Lewis, Sally Leung, Dan Minchin, Joe Caffrey, et al. Biological Invasions ISSN 1387-3547 Volume 15 Number 4 Biol Invasions (2013) 15:837-846 DOI 10.1007/s10530-012-0332-8 1 23 Your article is protected by copyright and all rights are held exclusively by Springer Science+Business Media B.V.. This e-offprint is for personal use only and shall not be self- archived in electronic repositories. If you wish to self-archive your work, please use the accepted author’s version for posting to your own website or your institution’s repository. You may further deposit the accepted author’s version on a funder’s repository at a funder’s request, provided it is not made publicly available until 12 months after publication. 1 23 Author's personal copy Biol Invasions (2013) 15:837–846 DOI 10.1007/s10530-012-0332-8 ORIGINAL PAPER Ecological impacts of an invasive predator explained and predicted by comparative functional responses Jaimie T. A. Dick • Kevin Gallagher • Suncica Avlijas • Hazel C. Clarke • Susan E. Lewis • Sally Leung • Dan Minchin • Joe Caffrey • Mhairi E. Alexander • Cathy Maguire • Chris Harrod • Neil Reid • Neal R. Haddaway • Keith D. Farnsworth • Marcin Penk • Anthony Ricciardi Received: 11 May 2012 / Accepted: 27 August 2012 / Published online: 7 September 2012 Ó Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2012 Abstract Forecasting the ecological impacts of a recent and ecologically damaging invader in Europe invasive species is a major challenge that has seen and N.
    [Show full text]
  • Recent Publications – Faculty of Engineering, Mathematics and Science
    Recent Publications – Faculty of Engineering, Mathematics and Science BY MEMBERS OF THE STAFF AND BY RESEARCH STUDENTS WORKING UNDER THEIR SUPERVISION The publications information has been derived from the College’s Research Support System. Every effort has been made to ensure that the information is accurate and complete. Please notify the Research Support Systems Administrator (email: [email protected]) of any errors or omissions which will be corrected in next year’s Calendar. School of Biochemistry and Immunology BIOCHEMISTRY Budanov, Andrei, ‘Distinct role of Sesn2 in response to UVB-induced DNA damage and UVA- induced oxidative stress in melanocytes’, Photochemistry and Photobiology, 93, 1 (2017), 375- 381 [B. Zhao, P. Shah, L. Qiang, T.C. He, A. Budanov, Y.Y. He] ‘Sestrin2 is significantly increased in malignant pleural effusions due to lung cancer and is potentially secreted by pleural mesothelial cells’, Clinical Biochemistry, 49, 9 (2016), 726-728 [I. Tsilioni, A.S. Filippidis, T. Kerenidi, A. Budanov, S.G. Zarogiannis, K.I. Gourgoulianis] ‘Sestrin2 promotes LKB1-mediated AMPK activation in the ischemic heart’, FASEB Journal, 29, 2 (2015), 408-417 [A. Morrison, L. Chen, J. Wang, M. Zhang, H. Yang, Y. Ma, A. Budanov, J.H. Lee, M. Karin, J. Li] ‘Sestrins regulate mTORC1 via RRAGs: the riddle of GATOR’, Molecular and Cellular Oncology, 2, 3 (2015), 3 ‘Sensing the environment through sestrins: implications for cellular metabolism’, International review of cell and molecular biology, eds Kwan W. Jeon and Lorenzo Galluzzi, Elsevier (2016), 1-24 [A. Parmigiani, A. Budanov] ‘Sestrin2 is induced by glucose starvation via the unfolded protein response and protects cells from non-canonical necroptotic cell death’, Scientific Reports, 6, 22538 (2016), 14 [B.
    [Show full text]
  • Studies on Baltic Sea Mysids
    Studies on Baltic Sea mysids Martin Ogonowski Department of Systems Ecology Stockholm University Doctoral thesis in Marine Ecology Martin Ogonowski, [email protected] Department of Systems Ecology Stockholm University SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden ©Martin Ogonowski, Stockholm 2012 ISBN 978-91-7447-510-4 Printed in Sweden by US-AB, Stockholm 2012 Distributor: Department of Systems Ecology, Stockholm University Cover and chapter dividers: ©Ruggero Maramotti Abstract Mysid shrimps (Mysidacea, Crustacea) are efficient zooplanktivores in both marine and freshwater systems as well as lipid rich prey for many species of fish. Although some efforts have been made to study the role of mysids in the Baltic Sea, very few studies have been carried out in recent time and there are still knowledge gaps regarding various aspects of mysid ecology. This thesis aims to explore some of these gaps by covering a mixture of topics. Using multifrequency hydroacoustics we explored the possibility to separate mysids from fish echoes and successfully established a promising and effective method for obtaining mysid abundance/biomass estimates (paper I). An investigation of the current mysid community in a coastal area of the northern Baltic proper (paper II) demonstrated that the formerly dominant, pelagic mysid Mysis mixta had decreased substantially (~50%) in favor for phytoplanktivorous, juvenile Neomysis integer and Mysis relicta sp. By examining different aspects of mysid behavior, we studied the vertical size distribution of mysids in the field and found that size increased with depth/declining light, irrespective of temperature; indicating that their vertical size distribution primarily is a response to predation (paper II). In paper III, a combination of ecological and genetic markers was used to investigate intraspecific differences in migratory tendency.
    [Show full text]
  • Benthic‐Pelagic Coupling and Trophic Relationships in Northern Baltic Sea Food Webs
    This is a self-archived version of an original article. This version may differ from the original in pagination and typographic details. Author(s): Kiljunen, Mikko; Peltonen, Heikki; Lehtiniemi, Maiju; Uusitalo, Laura; Sinisalo, Tuula; Norkko, Joanna; Kunnasranta, Mervi; Torniainen, Jyrki; Rissanen, Antti J.; Karjalainen, Juha ‐ Title: Benthic pelagic coupling and trophic relationships in northern Baltic Sea food webs Year: 2020 Version: Published version Copyright: © 2020 the Author(s) Rights: CC BY 4.0 Rights url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Please cite the original version: Kiljunen, M., Peltonen, H., Lehtiniemi, M., Uusitalo, L., Sinisalo, T., Norkko, J., Kunnasranta, M., Torniainen, J., Rissanen, A. J., & Karjalainen, J. (2020). Benthic‐pelagic coupling and trophic relationships in northern Baltic Sea food webs. Limnology and Oceanography, 65(8), 1706-1722. https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.11413 Limnol. Oceanogr. 9999, 2020, 1–17 © 2020 The Authors. Limnology and Oceanography published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography. doi: 10.1002/lno.11413 Benthic-pelagic coupling and trophic relationships in northern Baltic Sea food webs Mikko Kiljunen ,1,2* Heikki Peltonen,1 Maiju Lehtiniemi,1 Laura Uusitalo,3 Tuula Sinisalo,2 Joanna Norkko,4 Mervi Kunnasranta,5,6 Jyrki Torniainen,2,7 Antti J. Rissanen,2 Juha Karjalainen2 1Marine Research Centre, Finnish Environment Institute, Helsinki, Finland 2Department of Environmental and Biological Science, University of Jyväskylä,
    [Show full text]
  • Advancing Impact Prediction and Hypothesis Testing in Invasion Ecology Using a Comparative Functional Response Approach
    Biol Invasions (2014) 16:735–753 DOI 10.1007/s10530-013-0550-8 PERSPECTIVES AND PARADIGMS Advancing impact prediction and hypothesis testing in invasion ecology using a comparative functional response approach Jaimie T. A. Dick • Mhairi E. Alexander • Jonathan M. Jeschke • Anthony Ricciardi • Hugh J. MacIsaac • Tamara B. Robinson • Sabrina Kumschick • Olaf L. F. Weyl • Alison M. Dunn • Melanie J. Hatcher • Rachel A. Paterson • Keith D. Farnsworth • David M. Richardson Received: 1 August 2013 / Accepted: 16 September 2013 / Published online: 26 September 2013 Ó Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2013 Abstract Invasion ecology urgently requires predic- functional responses. We show that functional response tive methodologies that can forecast the ecological analyses, by describing the resource use of species over impacts of existing, emerging and potential invasive a range of resource availabilities, avoids many pitfalls species. We argue that many ecologically damaging of ‘snapshot’ assessments of resource use. Our frame- invaders are characterised by their more efficient use of work demonstrates how comparisons of invader and resources. Consequently, comparison of the classical native functional responses, within and between Type II ‘functional response’ (relationship between resource and III functional responses, allow testing of the likely use and availability) between invasive and trophically population-level outcomes of invasions for affected analogous native species may allow prediction of species. Furthermore, we describe how recent studies invader ecological impact. We review the utility of support the predictive capacity of this method; for species trait comparisons and the history and context of example, the invasive ‘bloody red shrimp’ Hemimysis the use of functional responses in invasion ecology, anomala shows higher Type II functional responses then present our framework for the use of comparative than native mysids and this corroborates, and could J.
    [Show full text]
  • Book of Abstracts
    5 th International Zooplankton Production Symposium, 2011 Zooplankton Production Symposium, International Photo of a giant jellyfish, Chrysaora sp., taken in the Pacific Ocean off California, USA Image provided by Image Quest Marine Prepared and published by Population Connections, PICES Secretariat P.O. Box 6000 9860 West Saanich Road Community Dynamics, and Sidney, British Columbia V8L 4B2 Climate Variability Canada Phone: 1-250-363-6366 5th International Zooplankton Production Symposium Fax: 1-250-363-6827 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.pices.int Program and Abstracts March 14-18, 2011 Pucón, Chile 5th International Zooplankton Production Symposium Population Connections, Community Dynamics, and Climate Variability March 14 – 18, 2011 Pucón, Chile Table of Contents Welcome � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � v Organizers and Sponsors � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �vi Symposium Timetable � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �viii List of Sessions and Workshops � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �ix Notes for Guidance � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � x Schedules � � � � � � � � � � � � �
    [Show full text]
  • Download?Doi=10.1.1.617.7399&Rep=Rep1&Type=Pdf Mcginnity, P., O’Dwyer, B., Poole, R., Rogen, G
    ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY Monitoring, Analysing and Reporting The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is responsible for on the Environment protecting and improving the environment as a valuable asset for • Monitoring air quality and implementing the EU Clean Air the people of Ireland. We are committed to protecting people for Europe (CAFÉ) Directive. and the environment from the harmful effects of radiation and pollution. • Independent reporting to inform decision making by national and local government (e.g. periodic reporting on the State of The work of the EPA can be Ireland’s Environment and Indicator Reports). divided into three main areas: Regulating Ireland’s Greenhouse Gas Emissions Regulation: We implement effective regulation and • Preparing Ireland’s greenhouse gas inventories and projections. environmental compliance systems to deliver good • Implementing the Emissions Trading Directive, for over 100 environmental outcomes and target those who don’t comply. of the largest producers of carbon dioxide in Ireland. Knowledge: We provide high quality, targeted and timely environmental data, information and Environmental Research and Development assessment to inform decision making at all levels. • Funding environmental research to identify pressures, inform policy and provide solutions in the areas of climate, Advocacy: We work with others to advocate for a water and sustainability. clean, productive and well protected environment and for sustainable environmental behaviour. Strategic Environmental Assessment • Assessing the impact of proposed plans and programmes on Our Responsibilities the Irish environment (e.g. major development plans). Licensing Radiological Protection We regulate the following activities so that they do not • Monitoring radiation levels, assessing exposure of people in endanger human health or harm the environment: Ireland to ionising radiation.
    [Show full text]