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JRJ Vol 1-30 Index by Author
John Reich Journal Volume 1-30 Index by Author Date Vol / Issue WN:Pg Category Sub-Category Topic Title Author Feb 2005 Vol 16 / 2 48:12 Half Dollars Draped Bust Survivor Estimates Surviving 1796-97 Draped Bust Half Dollars and Their Grade Distribution Amato, Jon P. Apr 2007 Vol 18 / 1 53:16 Half Dollars Draped Bust Auctions/Pricing Jules Reiver's 1796-1797 Draped Bust Half Dollar Varieties Amato, Jon P. Dec 2008 Vol 19 / 2 57:36 Half Dollars Draped Bust Auctions/Pricing Bayside Collection of 1796-1797 Draped Bust Half Dollar Varieties, The Amato, Jon P. May 2012 Vol 22 / 1 66:36 Half Dollars Draped Bust Die State Study Breakup of the 1796-1797 Half Dollar Reverse A Amato, Jon P. Mar 2009 Vol 19 / 3 58:33 Dimes Capped Bust Collecting Stories My Very First R6 Bust Dime Andrzejews, Richard Jan 1986 Vol 1 / 1 1:24 Early Federal Coinage Auctions/Pricing JRCS Auction No. 1 Anonymous Dec 1990 Vol 5 / 3 14:35 Half Dollars All Types Commentary 'Twas the Night Before a BHNC (Bust Half Nut's Christmas) Anonymous Jan 1993 Vol 7 / 2 19:36 Early Federal Coinage Mint Personnel & Events United States Gazette - Philadelphia - January 11, 1816 (Fire in the Mint) Anonymous Apr 1993 Vol 7 / 3 20:41 Early Federal Coinage Photo New Kids on the Block Anonymous Jul 1993 Vol 7 / 4 21:41 General Information JRCS Business Proposed Changes to the By-Laws Anonymous Oct 1993 Vol 8 / 1 22:40 General Information JRCS Business Dates to Remember Anonymous Jan 1995 Vol 9 / 2 27:41 General Information Obituary In Memoriam - Stewart P. -
Calculated for the Use of the State Of
3i'R 317.3M31 H41 A Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2009 with funding from University of IVIassachusetts, Boston http://www.archive.org/details/pocketalmanackfo1839amer MASSACHUSETTS REGISTER, AND mmwo states ©alrntiar, 1839. ALSO CITY OFFICERS IN BOSTON, AND OTHER USEFUL INFORMATION. BOSTON: PUBLISHED BY JAMES LORING, 13 2 Washington Street. ECLIPSES IN 1839. 1. The first will be a great and total eclipse, on Friday March 15th, at 9h. 28m. morning, but by reason of the moon's south latitude, her shadow will not touch any part of North America. The course of the general eclipse will be from southwest to north- east, from the Pacific Ocean a little west of Chili to the Arabian Gulf and southeastern part of the Mediterranean Sea. The termination of this grand and sublime phenomenon will probably be witnessed from the summit of some of those stupendous monuments of ancient industry and folly, the vast and lofty pyramids on the banks of the Nile in lower Egypt. The principal cities and places that will be to- tally shadowed in this eclipse, are Valparaiso, Mendoza, Cordova, Assumption, St. Salvador and Pernambuco, in South America, and Sierra Leone, Teemboo, Tombucto and Fezzan, in Africa. At each of these places the duration of total darkness will be from one to six minutes, and several of the planets and fixed stars will probably be visible. 2. The other will also be a grand and beautiful eclipse, on Satur- day, September 7th, at 5h. 35m. evening, but on account of the Mnon's low latitude, and happening so late in the afternoon, no part of it will be visible in North America. -
Sacagawea: Finishing School
Sacagawea: Finishing School Rochester Numismatic Association George T. Fekete February 28, 2018 Sacagawea: Finishing School Overview § U.S. Dollar Coin Type Primer ú Major Differentiating Features § Lewis & Clark Expedition Summary § Sacagawea Dollars § Native American Dollars § Sacagawea & Native American Dollars ú Characteristics ú Finishes Sacagawea: Finishing School Sacagawea Precursor Dollars § 1776: Continental Currency § July 6, 1785: U.S. Congress Adopted “Dollar” as Official Monetary Unit § 1794–1795: Flowing Hair § 1795–1804: Draped Bust § 1804: 1804 Dollar (Struck 1834–1835) § 1836–1839: Gobrecht § 1840–1873: Liberty Seated § 1873–1885: Trade (Issued for Circulation in Asia) § 1878–1921: Morgan § 1921–1935: Peace § 1971–1978: Eisenhower § 1979–1999: Susan B. Anthony § 2000–2008: Sacagawea § 2009–Present: Native American Sacagawea: Finishing School Continental Currency (1776) Sacagawea: Finishing School Flowing Hair (1794–1795) Three Leaves Two Leaves Sacagawea: Finishing School Draped Bust (1795–1804) • Small & Large Dates • Narrow & Wide Dates • Small & Large Letters • 2 or 3 Leaves Under Wings • Number & Position of Stars • Number of Lines in Shield Sacagawea: Finishing School 1804 Dollar (1804) “S” Over “S” to Center of Link Left of Link First Reverse Second Reverse Sacagawea: Finishing School Gobrecht (1836–1839) Sacagawea: Finishing School Liberty Seated (1840–1873) No Motto Motto Sacagawea: Finishing School Trade (1873–1885) Sacagawea: Finishing School Morgan (1878–1921) Sacagawea: Finishing School Peace (1921–1935) Sacagawea: -
How to Collect Coins a Fun, Useful, and Educational Guide to the Hobby
$4.95 Valuable Tips & Information! LITTLETON’S HOW TO CCOLLECTOLLECT CCOINSOINS ✓ Find the answers to the top 8 questions about coins! ✓ Are there any U.S. coin types you’ve never heard of? ✓ Learn about grading coins! ✓ Expand your coin collecting knowledge! ✓ Keep your coins in the best condition! ✓ Learn all about the different U.S. Mints and mint marks! WELCOME… Dear Collector, Coins reflect the culture and the times in which they were produced, and U.S. coins tell the story of America in a way that no other artifact can. Why? Because they have been used since the nation’s beginnings. Pathfinders and trendsetters – Benjamin Franklin, Robert E. Lee, Teddy Roosevelt, Marilyn Monroe – you, your parents and grandparents have all used coins. When you hold one in your hand, you’re holding a tangible link to the past. David M. Sundman, You can travel back to colonial America LCC President with a large cent, the Civil War with a two-cent piece, or to the beginning of America’s involvement in WWI with a Mercury dime. Every U.S. coin is an enduring legacy from our nation’s past! Have a plan for your collection When many collectors begin, they may want to collect everything, because all different coin types fascinate them. But, after gaining more knowledge and experience, they usually find that it’s good to have a plan and a focus for what they want to collect. Although there are various ways (pages 8 & 9 list a few), building a complete date and mint mark collection (such as Lincoln cents) is considered by many to be the ultimate achievement. -
The California Numismatist
Numismatic Fall 2008 California State Association of V. 5, No. 3 Numismatic Southern California $5.00 Association The California Numismatist The California Numismatist Offi cial Publication of the California State Numismatic Association and the Numismatic Association of Southern California Fall 2008, Volume 5, Number 3 About the Cover The California Numismatist Staff Images from our three main Editor Greg Burns articles grace our cover against a P.O. Box 1181 backdrop relating to a surprising de- Claremont, CA 91711 velopment in the printing of our little [email protected] journal: color! This is the fi rst issue Club Reports Virginia Bourke with the interior pages printed in color, South 10601 Vista Camino though the cover has been in color Lakeside, CA 92040 since the inception of TCN in 2004 [email protected] (starting in 2002 The NASC Quarterly, one of our predecessor publications, Club Reports Michael S. Turrini also started having color covers). North P.O. Box 4104 Please do write and let us know Vallejo, CA 94590 what you think about the new look. [email protected] While the expense is a bit more, Advertising Lila Anderson there’s such an improvement in aes- P.O. Box 365 thetics we’re inclined to keep it up. Grover Beach, CA 93483 [email protected] Visit Us on the Web The California Numismatist has a Web site at www.CalNumismatist.com. You can fi nd the offi cial scoop there in between issues. Also, both CSNA and NASC main- tain their own Web sites at: www.Calcoin.org www.NASC.net 2 The California Numismatist • Fall 2008 Contents Articles Wells Fargo & Company Jim Hunt ............................................................................................................10 Through the Numismatic Glass: This 19th Century Cent Design Lasted for Only One Year Dr. -
1 ENTER the GHOST Cashless Payments in the Early Modern Low
ENTER THE GHOST Cashless payments in the Early Modern Low Countries, 1500-18001 Oscar Gelderbloma and Joost Jonkera, b Abstract We analyze the evolution of payments in the Low Countries during the period 1500-1800 to argue for the historical importance of money of account or ghost money. Aided by the adoption of new bookkeeping practices such as ledgers with current accounts, this convention spread throughout the entire area from the 14th century onwards. Ghost money eliminated most of the problems associated with paying cash by enabling people to settle transactions in a fictional currency accepted by everyone. As a result two functions of money, standard of value and means of settlement, penetrated easily, leaving the third one, store of wealth, to whatever gold and silver coins available. When merchants used ghost money to record credit granted to counterparts, they in effect created a form of money which in modern terms might count as M1. Since this happened on a very large scale, we should reconsider our notions about the volume of money in circulation during the Early Modern Era. 1 a Utrecht University, b University of Amsterdam. The research for this paper was made possible by generous fellowships at the Netherlands Institute for Advanced Studies (NIAS) in Wassenaar. The Meertens Institute and Hester Dibbits kindly allowed us to use their probate inventory database, which Heidi Deneweth’s incomparable efforts reorganized so we could analyze the data. We thank participants at seminars in Utrecht and at the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, and at the Silver in World History conference, VU Amsterdam, December 2014, for their valuable suggestions. -
For Sale: One of the First and Most Valuable Dollars in U.S. History You’Ll Need a Lot of Pretty Pennies to Buy It
For Sale: One of the First and Most Valuable Dollars in U.S. History You’ll need a lot of pretty pennies to buy it. by Isaac Schultz August 28, 2020 The rarity of 1794 "Flowing Hair" dollars makes them among the most valuable coins in the world. This one sold for $10 million in 2013. In October, another dollar from the same batch will give it a run for its money. Rare Coin Wholesalers via Getty Images On October 15, 1794, Henry Voigt, the Chief Coiner of the United States, hurried nearly 2,000 silver coins to the desk of David Rittenhouse, the Director of the United States Mint. That day marked a milestone in the making of a country: Two years after Alexander Hamilton established the Mint under President George Washington, the first dollars had been minted. There’s some debate about what happened next. Some experts say there was a ceremony, well-attended by diplomats and representatives. Others say that despite the historic event, it was all business—no hor d’oeuvres, no party. Still others, including the Smithsonian Institution, say that the coinage was destined for the pockets of the aforementioned dignitaries, as a token of the bright future of the fledgling United States. What’s certain is that now, over 200 Octobers later, one of those dollars will go up for auction. An early 20th-century postcard depicting the first Mint in Philadelphia, where the first decade of American dollars were struck. Library Company of Philadelphia / Public Domain “The reason for producing these was to say, ‘We can do this. -
The Real Bills Views of the Founders of the Fed
Economic Quarterly— Volume 100, Number 2— Second Quarter 2014— Pages 159–181 The Real Bills Views of the Founders of the Fed Robert L. Hetzel ilton Friedman (1982, 103) wrote: “In our book on U.S. mon- etary history, Anna Schwartz and I found it possible to use M one sentence to describe the central principle followed by the Federal Reserve System from the time it began operations in 1914 to 1952. That principle, to quote from our book, is: ‘Ifthe ‘money market’ is properly managed so as to avoid the unproductive use of credit and to assure the availability of credit for productive use, then the money stock will take care of itself.’” For Friedman, the reference to “the money stock”was synonymous with “the price level.”1 How did American monetary experience and debate in the 19th century give rise to these “real bills” views as a guide to Fed policy in the pre-World War II period? As distilled in the real bills doctrine, the founders of the Fed under- stood the Federal Reserve System as a decentralized system of reserve depositories that would allow the expansion and contraction of currency and credit based on discounting member-bank paper that originated out of productive activity. By discounting these “real bills,”the short- term loans that …nanced trade and goods in the process of production, policymakers ful…lled their responsibilities as they understood them. That is, they would provide the reserves required to accommodate the “legitimate,” nonspeculative, demands for credit.2 In so doing, they The author acknowledges helpful comments from Huberto Ennis, Motoo Haruta, Gary Richardson, Robert Sharp, Kurt Schuler, Ellis Tallman, and Alexander Wolman. -
Financial Panics and Scandals
Wintonbury Risk Management Investment Strategy Discussions www.wintonbury.com Financial Panics, Scandals and Failures And Major Events 1. 1343: the Peruzzi Bank of Florence fails after Edward III of England defaults. 2. 1621-1622: Ferdinand II of the Holy Roman Empire debases coinage during the Thirty Years War 3. 1634-1637: Tulip bulb bubble and crash in Holland 4. 1711-1720: South Sea Bubble 5. 1716-1720: Mississippi Bubble, John Law 6. 1754-1763: French & Indian War (European Seven Years War) 7. 1763: North Europe Panic after the Seven Years War 8. 1764: British Currency Act of 1764 9. 1765-1769: Post war depression, with farm and business foreclosures in the colonies 10. 1775-1783: Revolutionary War 11. 1785-1787: Post Revolutionary War Depression, Shays Rebellion over farm foreclosures. 12. Bank of the United States, 1791-1811, Alexander Hamilton 13. 1792: William Duer Panic in New York 14. 1794: Whiskey Rebellion in Western Pennsylvania (Gallatin mediates) 15. British currency crisis of 1797, suspension of gold payments 16. 1808: Napoleon Overthrows Spanish Monarchy; Shipping Marques 17. 1813: Danish State Default 18. 1813: Suffolk Banking System established in Boston and eventually all of New England to clear bank notes for members at par. 19. Second Bank of the United States, 1816-1836, Nicholas Biddle 20. Panic of 1819, Agricultural Prices, Bank Currency, and Western Lands 21. 1821: British restoration of gold payments 22. Republic of Poyais fraud, London & Paris, 1820-1826, Gregor MacGregor. 23. British Banking Crisis, 1825-1826, failed Latin American investments, etc., six London banks including Henry Thornton’s Bank and sixty country banks failed. -
Highest Honor Awards Given to Numismatists Making a Difference
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE: Friday, July 27, 2018 CONTACT: Amanda Miller Telephone: 719-482-9871 E-mail: [email protected] Highest Honor Awards Given to Numismatists Making a Difference The American Numismatic Association (ANA) is recognizing several numismatists who not only lead by example, but pave new pathways within the numismatic hobby. Recognized for their dedication, hard work, passion and contributions, these recipients will be recognized at the World’s Fair of MoneyⓇ in Philadelphia, Aug. 14-18. Those being recognized are: Cindy Wibker for the Farran Zerbe Memorial Award for Distinguished Service David J. McCarthy for Numismatist of the Year Abigail Zechman for the Young Numismatist of the Year Mark Lighterman for the Lifetime Achievement Award The Farran Zerbe Memorial Award for Distinguished Service is the highest honor conferred by the American Numismatic Association. It is given in recognition of numerous years of outstanding, dedicated service to numismatics. Cindy Wibker is the recipient of this year’s award. For 25 years, Wibker has dedicated her career to Florida United Numismatists (FUN) as convention coordinator, organizing one of the premier shows in the country. This is no easy task, as FUN’s annual January show regularly draws an average of 10,000 attendees over four days, and its summer event, held each July, welcomes about 3,000 hobbyists. Born in Shreveport, Louisiana, the young Wibker enjoyed filling Whitman nickel and cent folders with pocket change and acquiring specimens through mail-order businesses. However, her mind turned to other pursuits. Growing up she enjoyed spending time outside playing different sports, going to games, spending time with her family and riding her bike. -
What Are the 100 Greatest U.S. Coins?
Liberty Seated Collectors Club http://www.numismalink.com/lscc.html What are the 100 Greatest U.S. Coins? By Robert A. Izydore In Issue #88 of the journal Weimar White described the Liberty Seated coins in the book 100 Greatest U.S. Coins by Jeff Garrett and Ron Guth. This interesting book contains nice photographs of the listed coins and includes some good background information about them. The Numismatic Literary Guild and the Professional Numismatists Guild (PNG) both chose this book as their best numismatic book for 2003. The top 20 coins were ranked by 84 PNG members while the remaining 80 were ranked by the authors. The PNG members were given a list of the top 100 greatest coins and asked to rank them. The members had the option of adding any coins to the list that they thought should be included. White’s summary stated that the concept of greatness was based on the factors of rarity, value, quality, popularity, beauty and history. It was nice to see that the authors ranked 16 Liberty Seated coins among the 100 greatest U.S. coins in their book. The top three ranked coins were the 1804 silver dollar, the 1913 Liberty Head nickel, and the 1933 double eagle, respectively. White pointed out that greatness is a subjective quality, and I wholeheartedly agree. However, as I look at the coins ranked at the top of the list, it is apparent that these are the coins that sell for the highest prices at auction and in private sales. In other words the rank given to a coin was heavily skewed by its value. -
Download This Issue
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