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The Columbia Anthology of Gay Literature

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The Columbia Anthology of Gay Literature The Columbia Anthology of Gay Literature Readings from Western Antiquity to the Present Day EDITED BY BYRNE R. S. FONE Contents Preface xxvii Acknowledgments xxxiii Bibliographical Notes xxxv Part One: Inventing Eros 1 Literature of the Ancient World from the Earliest Texts to the Beginning of Premodern Times 1. THE EARLIEST TEXTS 3 Mesopotamia 3 From the Epic ofGilgamesh (3rd millennium B.C.E.) 3 English version by N. K. Sandars [The Coming ofEnkidu] 3 [The Death of Enkidu] 6 [The Lament ofGilgamesh for Enkidu] 7 The Old Testament 9 The Friendship of David and Jonathan 1 Samuel 17:55-58 and 18.1-4 9 David's Lament for Jonathan 2 Samuel 1:17-27 10 2. EROS IN ARCADIA: GREEK LITERATURE 11 Legendary Lovers 15 Zeus and Ganymede 16 Homer 16 From the Iliad, Book 20 (8th cent. B.C.E.) 16 Translated by E. V. Rieu Achilles and Patroclus 16 Homer 16 From the Iliad, Books 18 and 23 [Achilles' Lament and the Funeral of Patroclus} 17 [Achilles' Dream] 20 Translated by E. V. Rieu viii Contents Harmodius and Aristogeiton 22 Thucydides (471-400 C.E.) 22 [The History of Harmodius and Aristogeiton] 22 Translated by Benjamin Jowett Orestes and Pylades 23 Lucian (c. 120-80 C.E.) 23 From Amores 47 23 Translated by W. J. Baylis The Sacred Band of Thebes 24 Plutarch (46-120 C.E.) 24 From The Life ofPelopidas 24 Translated by Edward Carpenter Theorizing Desire: Inventing Paiderastia 25 Plato (427-347 B.C.E.) 25 ' From Symposium (c. 385 B.C.E.) 25 Translated by Walter Hamilton [The Speech ofPhaedrus] 26 [The Speech ofPausanias] 27 [The Speech of Aristophanes] 31 [The Dialogue of Socrates and Diotima] 33 Musa Paidika: Greek Homoerotic Poetry 37 Solon (c. 638-558 B.C.E.) 37 [The Love of Boys] 37 Translated by John Addington Symonds Anacreon of Teos (570-485 B.C.E.) 37 Fragment 17 37 Translated by Eugene O' Connor Elegy 2 37 Translated by Peter Bing and Rip Cohen Fragment 360 38 Translated by Alfred Corn Theognis (570-490 B.C.E.) 38 From the "Second Book" of Theognis 38 Translated by Peter Bing and Rip Cohen Pindar (518-438 B.C.E.) 38 [To Theoxenos] 38 Translated by John Addington Symonds Euripedes (480-406 B.C.E.) 39 Fragment 652 39 Translated by John Addington Symonds Theocritus (310-245 B.C.E.) 39 Idyll 29 39 Translated by W. Douglas P. Hill From the Greek Anthology (1st cent. B.C.E.—4th cent. C.E.) 40 Translated by Daryl Hine, with additional versions by Byrne Fone Contents ix Affairs of the Heart: Romance and Debate 45 Philostratus (2nd~3rd cent. C.E.) 46 From the Epistles Translated by Allen Rogers Benner and Francis Forbes Letter 19: To a Boy Who Is a Prostitute 46 Letter 57: To a Boy 46 Xenophon of Ephesus (3rd cent. C.E.) 47 From the Ephesiaca Translated by Moses Hadas [Hippothoos and Hyperanthes] 47 (Pseudo) Lucian (Early 4th cent. C.E.) 49 From Affairs of the Heart Translated by M. D. McLeod [The Two Types of Love] 50 Nonnus (c. 450 C.E.) 53 From Dionysiaca Translated by W. H. D. Rouse [Dionysus and Ampelos] 53 [Carpos and Calamos] 56 3. ROME: LOVE POEMS AND SATIRE 61 Latin Literature from the First Century B.C.E. to the Second Century C.E. Introduction: Roman Homosexuality and Latin Literature 61 Catullus (c. 84-54 B.C.E.) 64 To Aurelius and Furius (no. 16) 64 Translated by Eugene O'Connor To Aurelius (no. 21) 64 Translated by Eugene O'Connor To Juventius (no. 99) 65 Translated by Frank O. Copley Virgil (70-19 B.C.E.) 65 Eclogue 2: The Lament ofCorydon for His Faithless Alexis 66 English Version by Byrne Fone Ovid (43 B.C.E.-C.E. 18) 68 From Metamorphoses [Zeus and Ganymede] 69 [Apollo and Hyacinthus] 69 Translated by Rolfe Humphries Petronius (c. C.E. 66) 70 From the Satyricon 71 Translation Attributed to Oscar Wilde Martial (40-104 C.E.) 81 Epigrams 81 Juvenal (55-140 C.E.) 83 From Satire 2 84 Translated by Peter Green x Contents Part Two: Inventing Sodom 89 The European Middle Ages from the Third to the Thirteenth Century of the Common Era 4. INVENTING SODOM: INTRODUCTION 91 Creating Sodomites—Making Friends 91 5. INVENTING SODOM: SCRIPTURE AND LAW FROM THE SODOM STORY TO 1290 C.E. 95 The Old Testament 95 The Story of Sodom Genesis 18-19 95 The Holiness Code (7th cent. B.C.E.?) Leviticus 18:22 99 Leviticus 20:13 99 The New Testament 99 From the Epistles of St. Paul 99 Romans 1:26-27 99 1 Corinthians 6:9-10 100 Policing Sodomites: Religious Commentary and Civil Law 100 Philo Judaeus (c. 13 B.C.E.-C.E. 45) 100 From De Abrahamo (1st cent. C.E.) 100 Translated by F. H. Colson Clement of Alexandria (c. 150-215 C.E.) 100 The Theodosian Code (342 c.e.) 100 The Code of Justinian 100 Novella 77 (538 C.E.) 100 Novella 141 (544 C.E.) 101 England 101 Henry I: Council of London (c. 1102) 101 Edward I: Britton 1.10 (c. 1290) 102 6. GOD MADE OUR NATURES FULL OF LOVE 103 Romantic Friendship Between Men in Literature from the Fourth to the Fourteenth Century of the Common Era 103 Paulinus of Nola (353-431) 103 [To Ausonius] 103 Translated by Jack Lindsay Hrabanus Maurus (776-856) 103 [To Grimold, Abbot of St. Gall] 104 Translated by Helen Waddell Walafrid Strabo (809-849) 104 [Dearest, you come suddenly and suddenly you depart] 104 Translated by John Boswell Contents xi [When the splendor of the moon] 104 Translated by Helen Waddell Marbod of Rennes (1035-1123) 105 [The Unyielding Youth] 105 Translated by John Boswell Baudri of Bourgueil (1046-1130) 106 [Your appearance is pleasing] 106 Translated by Thomas Stehling Hilary (c. 1125) 106 < [To an English Boy] 106 Translated by John Boswell] Ganymede (i2th-i3th cent.) 107 Hebe and Ganymede 107 Translated by John Boswell From The Leiden Manuscript (12th cent.) no [The wise rejoice with Ganymede] 110 Translated by John Boswell The Story of Lancelot and Galehaut 111 From Lancelot-Grail Part II: Translated by Carleton W. Carroll 111 Part III: Translated by Samuel N. Rosenberg 115 The Story of Amis and Amile (13th cent.) 122 Translated by Walter Pater Part Three: Platonic Dialogues 125 European and English Literature from the Fourteenth to the Seventeenth Century 7. PLATONIC DIALOGUES: INTRODUCTION 127 Friendship, Homoeroticism, and the Renaissance 127 8. THE ITALIAN RENAISSANCE: AMOR SOCRATICUS 131 Marsilio Ficino (1443-1499) 131 From Commentarium in Platonis Convivium (1469) 131 [Commentary on Plato's Symposium] Translated by Sears Jayne From "Letters to Giovanni Cavalcanti Written Between 1474 and H92" 134 Translated by Members of the Language Department of the School of Economics and Science, London Filippo Scarlatti (c. 1442-c. 1487) 136 [Lanza 51] 136 Translated by James J. Wilhelm Angelo Poliziano (1454-1494) 136 Greek Epigrams 136 Translated by James J. Wilhelm xii Contents From Favola di Orfeo (1480) 138 Translated by Elizabeth Basset Welles Ceccp Nuccoli (14th cent.) 139 Three Poems 139 Translated by Jill Claretta Robbins Marino Ceccoli (14th cent.) 140 ' Two Poems 140 Translated by Jill Claretta Robbins Pacifico Massimi (15th cent.) 140 "Advice to Paulinus" (Book I, 9) 141 "A Love Song for Marcus" (Book II, 10) 141 "On Happiness" (Book V, 8) 142 Translated by James J. Wilhelm Michelangelo Buonarroti (1475-1564) 143 Early Poems (possibly for Gherardo Perini) 144 Translated by James M. Saslow Letter to Tommaso de'Cavalieri 145 Translated by John Addington Symonds Poems to Tommaso de'Cavalieri (1532—c. 1542) 146 Translated by James M. Saslow Benedetto Varchi (1503-1565) 148 Translated by James J. Wilhelm Torquato Tasso (1544-1595) 148 Two Letters to Luca Scalabrino (1576) 148 Translated by Jill Claretta Robbins Roman Pasquinades (16th cent.) 150 Translated by James J. Wilhelm Antonio Rocco (17th cent.) 151 From L'Alcibiade fanciullo a scola (1652J 151 [Alcibiades in School] Translated by Michael Taylor From L'Alcibiade fanciullo a scola 153 Translated by Jill Claretta Robbins 9. AFFECTIONATE SHEPHERDS: ENGLISH HOMOEROTIC LITERATURE (1500-1685) 157 Henry VIII: The Law of 25 (1533) 158 Edmund Spenser (1552-1599) 158 From The Shepheardes Calendar (1579) 158 "Glosse" on Hobbinol by E.K. 160 From The Faerie Queene (1590-1596) 161 Michael Drayton (1563-1631) 163 From Piers Gaveston (1593) 163 Christopher Marlowe (1564-1593) 168 From Dido, Queen of Carthage (1593) 168 From Edward II (1594) 169 Contents xiii From Hero and Leander (1598) 181 Richard Barnfield (1574-1627) 184 From The Affectionate Shephearde (1594) 185 From Cynthia, with Certaine Sonnets (1595) 187 William Shakespeare (1564-1616) 189 ' From Sonnets (1609) 190 Part Four: Reinventing Sodomites 195 Homophobia and Resistance (1625-1869) 10. INTRODUCTION: SATIRIZING SODOMITES 197 English Homophobia (1628-1810) 199 Sir Edward Coke 199 From the Third Part of the Institutes of the Laws of England (1628) 199 The Law of Buggery, or Sodomy 199 George Lesly (c. 1650) 199 From Fire and Brimstone; Or, the Destruction of Sodom (1675) 199 Tobias Smollett (1721-1771) 201 From Roderick Random (1748) 201 John Cleland 207 From Memoirs of a Woman of Pleasure (1748) 207 Ned Ward 209 From A Complete and Humorous Account of all the Remarkable Clubs and Societies in the Cities of London and Westminster (1709) 209 The Punishment of Sodomites 211 From The Trying and Pillorying of the Vere Street Club (1810) 211 11. NATURAL PASSIONS: RESISTING HOMOPHOBIA 214 English Literature (1785-1833) 214 Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) 214 From On Paederasty (1785-1816) 214 George Gordon Byron, Lord Byron (1788-1824) 219 "The Cornelian" (1807) 219 "To Thyrza" (1811) 220 "One Struggle More, and I am Free" (1811-12) 222 "If sometimes in the haunts of men" (1812) 223 "On This Day I Complete My Thirty-sixth Year" (1824) 224 "Love and Death" (1824) 225 "Last Words on Greece" (1824) 226 Anonymous 226 From Don Leon (1833) 226 xiv Contents 12.
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