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Shoreline Inventory and Characterization Report

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Shoreline Inventory and Characterization Report SHORELINE INVENTORY AND CHARACTERIZATION REPORT San Juan County Prepared for San Juan County Community Development and Planning Department 2012April 2013 SHORELINE INVENTORY AND CHARACTERIZATION REPORT San Juan County Prepared for San Juan County Community Development and Planning Department Courthouse Annex 135 Rhone Street P.O. Box 947 Friday Harbor, Washington 98250 Prepared by Herrera Environmental Consultants 2200 Sixth Avenue, Suite 1100 Seattle, Washington 98121 Telephone: 206.441.9080 ICF International 710 Second Avenue, Suite 550 Seattle, Washington 98104 and The Watershed Company 750 Sixth Street South Kirkland, Washington 98033 April 2013Final Contents Glossary .................................................................................................................................... xixiii Executive Summary ............................................................................................................... xviixix 1.0 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................1 1.1 Purpose .....................................................................................................................1 1.2 Scope ........................................................................................................................2 2.0 Methods................................................................................................................................4 2.1 Inventory Data and Information Sources .................................................................4 2.2 Delineating Management Areas and Reaches..........................................................7 2.2.1 Management Area Delineation Methodology .......................................78 2.2.2 Reach Delineation .............................................................................1011 2.3 Method for Characterizing Ecosystem-Wide Processes and Shoreline Functions ............................................................................................................1213 2.4 Method Used to Inventory and Characterize Management Areas .....................1314 2.5 GIS Methods ......................................................................................................3034 3.0 Ecosystem Profile ..........................................................................................................3337 3.1 Regional Overview ............................................................................................3337 3.1.1 Major Shoreline Description .............................................................3337 3.2 Key Physical Controls........................................................................................3438 3.2.1 Climate ..............................................................................................3438 3.2.2 Topography and Bathymetry.............................................................3539 3.2.3 Geology .............................................................................................3640 3.2.4 Soils ...................................................................................................3842 3.3 Key Processes Related To Shoreline Ecosystem Functions ..............................4044 3.3.1 Processes Affecting Marine Shorelines ............................................4044 3.3.2 Processes Affecting Lacustrine Shorelines .......................................4549 3.4 Land Use and Land Cover .................................................................................4549 3.4.1 Land Use Patterns and SMA Use Preferences ..................................4549 3.4.2 Current Land Use Patterns ................................................................4650 3.4.3 Comprehensive Plan Land Use Patterns ...........................................4852 3.5 Historic and Cultural Resources ........................................................................6064 3.6 Existing and Potential Public Access .................................................................6367 3.7 Marine Shoreline Types .....................................................................................6872 3.8 Marine Shoreline Alterations .............................................................................7781 3.8.1 Overwater Structures .........................................................................7781 3.8.2 Shoreline Armoring ...........................................................................7983 3.8.3 Flow-Control Structures ....................................................................8286 3.8.4 Stormwater Outfalls ..........................................................................8286 3.8.5 Other Shoreline Modifications ..........................................................8387 3.9 Lacustrine Shoreline Alterations........................................................................8488 i 3.10 Nearshore Key Habitats and Species Usage ......................................................8488 3.10.1 Tidal and Freshwater Wetlands .........................................................8488 3.10.2 Streams and Nearshore Riparian Areas.............................................8691 3.10.3 Eelgrass and Kelp ..............................................................................8892 3.10.4 Shellfish Resources ...........................................................................8994 3.10.5 Fish and Fish Habitat ........................................................................9195 3.10.6 Priority Habitats and Species ..........................................................96100 3.10.7 Marine Mammals ............................................................................97101 3.10.8 Birds ................................................................................................99103 3.10.9 Federally Listed Species ...............................................................100105 3.11 Predicted Juvenile Fish Presence Based on Shoreline Type ..........................101105 3.12 Lakes ..............................................................................................................109113 4.0 Discussion of San Juan County Management Areas .................................................111115 4.1 Blakely Island Management Area ..................................................................117125 4.1.1 Physical and Biological Characterization .....................................118125 4.1.2 Shoreline Use Patterns ..................................................................121129 4.1.3 Restoration Opportunities .............................................................123131 4.2 Decatur Island Management Area .................................................................127139 4.2.1 Physical and Biological Characterization .....................................127139 4.2.2 Error! Bookmark not defined.142 4.2.3 Shoreline Use Patterns ..................................................................130144 4.2.4 Restoration Opportunities .............................................................132146 4.3 Doe Bay Management Area ...........................................................................135155 4.3.1 Physical and Biological Characterization .....................................135155 4.3.2 Error! Bookmark not defined.157 4.3.3 Shoreline Use Patterns ..................................................................138159 4.3.4 Restoration Opportunities .............................................................141161 4.4 East Sound Management Area .......................................................................145171 4.4.1 Physical and Biological Characterization .....................................145171 4.4.2 Shoreline Use Patterns ..................................................................148176 4.4.3 Restoration Opportunities .............................................................150178 4.5 Fisherman Bay Management Area .................................................................155187 4.5.1 Physical and Biological Characterization .....................................155187 4.5.2 Error! Bookmark not defined.190 4.5.3 Shoreline Use Patterns ..................................................................158192 4.5.4 Restoration Opportunities .............................................................161195 4.6 Friday Harbor Management Area ..................................................................165203 4.6.1 Physical and Biological Characterization .....................................165203 4.6.2 Shoreline Use Patterns ..................................................................168208 4.6.3 Restoration Opportunities .............................................................171211 4.7 Mud Bay Management Area ..........................................................................175221 4.7.1 Physical and Biological Characterization .....................................175221 4.7.2 Error! Bookmark not defined.223 ii 4.7.3 Shoreline Use Patterns ..................................................................178225 4.7.4 Restoration Opportunities .............................................................181227 4.8 North Coast Eastsound Management Area ....................................................185235 4.8.1 Physical and Biological Characterization .....................................185235 4.8.2 Error! Bookmark not defined.237 4.8.3 Shoreline Use Patterns ..................................................................188238
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