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Geological Survey of Canada Commission Gbologique Du Canada Geological Survey of Canada Commission gbologique du Canada , PAPER 87-7 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA RADIOCARBON DATES XXVll W. BLAKE, JR. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA PAPER 87-7 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA RADIOCARBON DATES XXVll W. BLAKE, JR. Energy, Mines and ~nergie,Mines et 1*1 Resources Canada Ressources Canada @ Minister of Supply and Services Canada 1988 Available in Canada through authorized bookstore agents and other bookstores or by mail from Canadian Government Publishing Centre Supply and Services Canada Ottawa, Canada KIA OS9 and from Geological Survey of Canada offices: 601 Booth Street Ottawa, Canada KIA OE8 3303-33rd Street N.W., Calgary, Alberta T2L 2A7 100 West Pender Street Vancouver, B.C. V8L 4B2 A deposit copy of this publication is also available for reference in public libraries across Canada Cat. No. M44-8717E Canada: $5.00 ISBN 0-660-12776-8 Other countries: $6.00 Price subject to change without notice CONTENTS AbstracWR6sum6 Introduction Acknowledgments Geological samples Eastern Canada Newfoundland Nova Scotia New Brunswick Quebec Ontario Western Canada Manitoba British Columbia Northern Canada, mainland Yukon Territory Northwest Territories Northern Canada, Arctic Archipelago Coronation GulfIVictoria Island Banks Island Baffin Island Northern Baffin Bay Devon-. - Island Coburg Island Southern Ellesmere Island West-central Ellesmere Island East-central Ellesmere Island Cocked Hat Island Bathurst Island Melville Island Prince Patrick Island United States of America Archeologlcawashin7- samples Eastern Canada Newfoundland Labrador Nova Scotia Ontario Northern Canada. Arctic Archipelago- - Devon Island Southern Ellesmere Island Skraeling Island Haa Island East-central Ellesmere Island References Index Tables 1. Monthly average count for background during the period August 1, 1986 to November 17,1986. 2. Monthly average count (No) for oxalic acid standard during the period August 1, 1986 to November 17,1986. 3. Number of one-day counts used to determine average counting rates for background and oxalic acid standard during the report period. 4. Number of monthly background and standard gas preparations used during the report period. The present date list, GSC XXVII, is the sixteenth to be published directly in the Geological Survey's Paper series. Lists prior to GSC XI1 were published first in the journal Radiocarbon and were reprinted as GSC Papers. The lists through 1967 (GSC VI) were given new pagination, whereas lists VII to XI (1968 to 1971) were reprinted with the same pagination. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA RADIOCARBON DATES XXVII Abstract This list presents 380 radiocarbon age determinations made by the Radiocarbon Dating Laboratory. Age determinations (323) on geological samples from various areas are as follows: Newfoundland (24); Nova Scotia (2); New Brunswick (2); Quebec (15); Ontario (36); Manitoba (12); British Columbia (57); Yukon Territory (10); Northwest Territories, mainland (43); Northwest Territories, Arctic Archipelago (121); Washington (1). Age determinations (57) on archeological samples are as follows: Newfoundland (1); Labrador (3); Nova Scotia (1); Ontario (5); Northwest Territories, Arctic Archipelago (47). Tables I and 2 summarize details of background and standard for the 2 L and 5 L counters during the period from August 1, 1986 to November 17, 1986; Table 3 gives the number of counts used to determine the average background and standard counting rates; and Table 4 lists the number of different background and standard gas preparations used for counting. Resume Ce rapport presente les resultats de 380 datations effectuees par le Laboratoire de datation au radiocarbone. Les datations (323) effectuees sur les echantillons geologiques proviennent des regions suivantes: Ile de Terre Neuve (24); Nouvelle-Ecosse (2); Nouveau-Brunswick (2); Quebec (15); Ontario (36); Manitoba (12); Colombie- Britannique (57); Yukon (10); Territoires du Nord-Ouest, continent (43); Territoires du Nord-Ouest, archipel Arctique (121); Washington (1). Les datations (57) effectuees sur les echantillons archeologiques sont: Ile de Terre-Neuve (I); Labrador (3); Nouvelle-Ecosse (1); Ontario (5); Territoires du Nord-Ouest, archipel Arctique (47). Tableaux 1 et 2 resument les valeurs de mouvement propre et de I'etalonnage des compteurs 2 L et 5 L, pour la periode allant du 1 aout 1986 au 17 novembre 1986; le tableau 3 donne le nombre de coups utilises pour determiner la moyenne des faux d'impulsions du mouvement propre et de I'etalonnage; et, le tableau 4 presente le nombre de preparations de gaz pour le mouvement propre et pour I'etalonnage utilisees pour le comptage. INTRODUCTION1 Table 1. Monthly average count for background during the period August 1, 1986 to November 17, 1986 During the period from August, 1986 through November 1986, both the 2 L counter (Dyck and 2 L Counter 5 L Counter Fyles, 1962) and the 5 L counter (Dyck et al., 1965) (2 atm) (1 atm) were operated continuously. The 2 L counter was Month cpm* cpm* operated at 2 atmospheres (atrn), and the 5 L counter August, 1986 1.593 + 0.027 3.343 f 0.039 was operated at 1 atmosphere throughout this September 1.805 + 0.066 3.613 f 0.097 period. October 2.018 f 0.047 4.040 k 0.101 The average background and oxalic acid November 2.204 + 0.032 4.359 + 0.096 standard counting rates which were used for age calculations are shown in Tables 1 and 2, *cpm = counts per minute respectively. On a monthly basis, the counting rates were within statistical limits. Table 3 lists the number of one-day counts used to determine the average background and oxalic acid standard Sample gas preparation and purification were counting rates for the period noted above, and carried out as described in Lowdon et aI. (1977). Table 4 gives the number of different background Carbon dioxide gas proportional counting techniques and (oxalic acid) standard-gas preparations used. have been discussed by Dyck (1967). For a recent 1 Data for the tables in the introduction were supplied by R.N. McNeely, Laboratory Supervisor since November 1981. The introduction follows the style developed by J.A. Lowdon. The date list has been compiled by W. Blake. Jr. from descriptions of samples and interpretations of age determinations provided by the collectors and submitters. Table 2. Monthly average count (No)* for oxalic acid O.O%o for marine shells. All 13C112C determinations standard during the period August 1, 1986 to were made on aliquots of the sample gas used for age November 17, 1986 determinations. Since 1975 all 13C112C ratios have 2 L Counter 5 L Counter been determined under contract by Professor P. Fritz (2 atm) (1 atm) and R.J. Drimmie of the Department of Earth Month CPm CPm Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, August 1986 18.151 + 0.100 28.190 f 0.128 or by Waterloo Isotope Analysts, Inc., Kitchener, September 18.056 + 0.159 28.183 f 0.210 Ontario (R.J. Drimmie, chief analyst) using the same October 18.107 + 0.107 28.368 f 0.173 equipment as at the University of Waterloo. Prior to November 18.041 f 0.138 28.301 + 0.195 that time some 13C112C ratios were determined by the GSC Geochronology Section (R.K. Wanless, Head) and by Teledyne Isotopes, Westwood, New Jersey. *No = 0.95 of the net counting rate of the NBS oxalic acid standard Acknowledgments Appreciation is expressed to I.M. Robertson (1964 to Table 3. Number of one-day counts used to present), S.M. Chartrand (1969 to 19761, determine average counting rates for background and oxalic acid standard during the report period J.E. Tremblay (1976 to 1980), and A.M. Telka (1980 to 1986), and L.M. Mail16 (1986 to present) for the Background Standard preparation, purification, and counting o< samples in Month 2L 5L 2L 5L the laboratory. Supervision of laboratory operations August 1986 4 4 3 3 has been as follows: W. Dyck (1960 to 1965), September 4 4 3 3 J.A. Lowdon (1965 to 1981), and R.N. McNeely (1981 October 4 4 3 3 to present). November 3 2 1 1 Identification of materials used for dating or associated with the material being dated has been carried out by the following specialists, to whom Table 4. Number of monthly background and standard gas preparations used dur~ngthe report period I extend my sincere thanks: R.J. Mott, L.D. Farley- Gill (L.D. Wilson), and H. Jett6 (wood); N.F. Alley, Background Standard Department of Mines and Energy, South Australia, Month 2L 5L 2L 5L Eastwood, South Australia (formerly Ministry of the Environment, Province of British Columbia, August 1986 2 3 2 2 Victoria), J.E. Shepperd, formerly University of September 2 2 2 2 October 2 2 2 2 British Columbia, Vancouver, and R.J. Mott (pollen); November 2 2 1 1 J.P. Smol, Queen's University, Kingston (algae); S. Lichti-Federovich (diatoms and pollen); J.V. Matthews, Jr. (plant macrofossils and fossil review of laboratory operations the reader is referred arthropods); N.F. Alley (plant macrofossils); to Lowdon (1985). J.A. Janssens, University of Minnesota, Age calculations during the report period were Minneapolis, Minnesota, and W.A. Weber, done on a CDC Cyber 70 SerieslModel74 computer. University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado (mosses); Calculations are based on a 14C half-life of 5568 f 30 M. Kuc, formerly GSC, Ottawa (mosses and plant years and 0.95 of the activity of the NBS oxalic acid macrofossils); A.H. Clarke, Jr. and M.F.I. Smith, standard. Ages are quoted in radiocarbon years both formerly National Museum of Natural Sciences, before 'present' (BP), where 'present' is taken to Ottawa, J.E. Dale, formerly GSC, now Queen's be 1950. The error assigned to each age has been University, Kingston, Ontario, the late W.H. Dall, calculated using only the counting errors of sample, U.S.
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