DOCSLIB.ORG

Effects of Vegetation in Channels

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Effects of Vegetation in Channels EFFECTS OF VEGETATION IN CHANNELS A summary of findings regarding vegetation interactions with channel processes and potential application to the lower Boise River Picture courtesy of Frauke Koenig Report Prepared For: Boise River Flood Control District #10 Report Facilitated By: Dr. David R. Tuthill Jr., PhD, PE Idaho Water Engineering, LLC Dr. Peter Goodwin, PhD, PE; Dr. Daniele Tonina, PhD, PE; Dr. Rohan Benjankar, PhD University of Idaho, Boise, Idaho Dr. Frauke Koenig, PhD Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany Report Prepared By: CE504: Effects of Vegetation in Channels Engineering Class Spring 2011 Christopher Campbell Kresta Davis-Butts Frank Gariglio William Jeffery Reeder May 13, 2011 - ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS - The work to produce this report was guided by many helpful participants. Their suggestions and input greatly improved this manuscript. We would like to extend particular appreciation to David Tuthill of Idaho Water Engineering, LLC for inviting the University of Idaho to participate in this unique project and for providing overall project guidance. We are grateful to Steve Sweet of Flood Control District 10 for providing history of maintenance activities on the lower Boise River. Chuck Ferguson of Flood Control District 10 provided valuable insight into operational logistics and a wealth of knowledge of the river system. We are thankful to Sandra Schneider and Frauke Koenig of the Karlsruhe Institute for Technology for presenting their work regarding riverine vegetation in Germany. Peter Goodwin, Daniele Tonina, and Rohan Benjankar of the Center for Ecohydraulics Research at the University of Idaho provided valuable research insights and reviews of the manuscript drafts. - DISCLAIMER - This report is intended as an objective summary of a literature review and research effort by University of Idaho students. It does not recommend any action alternative nor does it represent the official stance of the University of Idaho. Effects of Vegetation in Channels TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................................... 1 Chapter 1: Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 4 1.0 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 4 Chapter 2: Hydraulics, Dynamics, and Morphology of Vegetation in Channels .......................................... 6 2.0 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 6 2.1 Hydraulics of Rooted Vegetation in Rivers ........................................................................................ 6 2.2 Hydraulics of Uprooted, Mobile Vegetation in Rivers ....................................................................... 8 2.2.1 Single LWD Hydraulics ............................................................................................................... 8 2.2.2 Aggregate LWD (Log Jam) Hydraulics ..................................................................................... 10 2.3 Hydraulics of Uprooted, Stable Vegetation in Rivers ....................................................................... 11 2.3.1 Single LWD Hydraulics ............................................................................................................. 11 2.3.2 Aggregate LWD (Log Jam) Hydraulics ..................................................................................... 14 2.4 Morphology and Vegetation in Rivers .............................................................................................. 16 2.5 Management of Vegetation in Rivers – Management Implications .................................................. 17 Chapter 3: Ecology of Vegetation in Channels ........................................................................................... 18 3.0 Riparian Vegetation .......................................................................................................................... 18 3.1 Vegetation and stream ecology/biology (habitat diversity, species diversity) .................................. 18 Chapter 4: Case Studies .............................................................................................................................. 20 4.1 The Effect of Artificial Placement of LWD in the River Y Fenni, in the Great Triley Wood, Near Abergavenny in South Wales .................................................................................................................. 20 4.1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 20 4.1.2 Results ........................................................................................................................................ 21 4.2 Large Woody Debris in Streams of the Pacific Northwest ............................................................... 23 4.2.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 23 4.2.2 Durability of Pacific Northwest Instream Structures Following Floods (40) ............................... 24 4.2.3 Effectiveness of large woody debris in stream rehabilitation projects in urban basins (50) ......... 26 4.2.4 Density and size of juvenile salmonids in response to placement of large woody debris in Oregon and Washington streams (52) ................................................................................................... 27 4.3 The Response of Engineered Log Jams Introduced Into the Williams River, New South Wales, Australia .................................................................................................................................................. 28 4.3.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 28 4.3.2 What are engineered log jams? .................................................................................................. 28 4.3.3 Types of Engineered Log Jams .................................................................................................. 28 Final Report Page i May 13, 2011 Effects of Vegetation in Channels 4.3.4 ELJs on the Williams River ....................................................................................................... 32 4.4 Riparian Restoration on the River Enz, Germany ............................................................................. 34 Chapter 5: Example Calculations ................................................................................................................ 36 5.1 Hydraulic Methods ............................................................................................................................ 36 5.1.1 Composite Roughness ................................................................................................................ 36 5.1.2 Subarea Partitioning ................................................................................................................... 37 5.1.3 Gravel Bed ................................................................................................................................. 37 5.1.4 Bends.......................................................................................................................................... 38 5.1.5 Vegetation .................................................................................................................................. 38 5.1.6 Large Woody Debris .................................................................................................................. 39 5.2 Example Calculations of LWD Effects ............................................................................................. 39 Chapter 6: Adaptive Management .............................................................................................................. 45 6.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 45 6.2 What is Adaptive Management? ....................................................................................................... 45 Chapter 7: Conclusions ............................................................................................................................... 47 7.0 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 47 7.1 Hydraulics ......................................................................................................................................... 47 7.2 Ecology ............................................................................................................................................. 47 7.3 Management ...................................................................................................................................... 47 7.4 General .............................................................................................................................................. 48 References ..................................................................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • An Ecological History of the Koala Phascolarctos Cinereus in Coffs Harbour and Its Environs, on the Mid-North Coast of New South Wales, C1861-2000
    An Ecological History of the Koala Phascolarctos cinereus in Coffs Harbour and its Environs, on the Mid-north Coast of New South Wales, c1861-2000 DANIEL LUNNEY1, ANTARES WELLS2 AND INDRIE MILLER2 1Offi ce of Environment and Heritage NSW, PO Box 1967, Hurstville NSW 2220, and School of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney, NSW 2006 ([email protected]) 2Offi ce of Environment and Heritage NSW, PO Box 1967, Hurstville NSW 2220 Published on 8 January 2016 at http://escholarship.library.usyd.edu.au/journals/index.php/LIN Lunney, D., Wells, A. and Miller, I. (2016). An ecological history of the Koala Phascolarctos cinereus in Coffs Harbour and its environs, on the mid-north coast of New South Wales, c1861-2000. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 138, 1-48. This paper focuses on changes to the Koala population of the Coffs Harbour Local Government Area, on the mid-north coast of New South Wales, from European settlement to 2000. The primary method used was media analysis, complemented by local histories, reports and annual reviews of fur/skin brokers, historical photographs, and oral histories. Cedar-cutters worked their way up the Orara River in the 1870s, paving the way for selection, and the fi rst wave of European settlers arrived in the early 1880s. Much of the initial development arose from logging. The trade in marsupial skins and furs did not constitute a signifi cant threat to the Koala population of Coffs Harbour in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The extent of the vegetation clearing by the early 1900s is apparent in photographs.
    [Show full text]
  • Clarence River Unregulated and Alluvial 2016
    Water Sharing Plan for the Clarence River Unregulated and Alluvial Water Sources 2016 [2016-381] New South Wales Status information Currency of version Current version for 6 January 2017 to date (accessed 17 February 2020 at 11:30) Legislation on this site is usually updated within 3 working days after a change to the legislation. Provisions in force The provisions displayed in this version of the legislation have all commenced. See Historical Notes Note: This Plan ceases to have effect on 30.6.2026—see cl 3. Authorisation This version of the legislation is compiled and maintained in a database of legislation by the Parliamentary Counsel's Office and published on the NSW legislation website, and is certified as the form of that legislation that is correct under section 45C of the Interpretation Act 1987. File last modified 6 January 2017. Published by NSW Parliamentary Counsel’s Office on www.legislation.nsw.gov.au Page 1 of 113 Water Sharing Plan for the Clarence River Unregulated and Alluvial Water Sources 2016 [NSW] Water Sharing Plan for the Clarence River Unregulated and Alluvial Water Sources 2016 [2016-381] New South Wales Contents Part 1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................................. 7 Note .................................................................................................................................................................................. 7 1 Name of Plan.......................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • EIS 1431 Independent Inquiry Into the Clarence River System
    EIS 1431 Independent inquiry into the Clarence River System : progress report: specific challenges for river, floodplain and estuary health SW EPT PR1MR IES I AA06804 1 Independent Inquiry into the Clarence River System Progress Report: Specific Challenges for River, Floodplain and Estuary Health December 1998 Table of Contents PART A Overview................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction........................................................................................................................... 1 Maffers Raised in the Clarence River Inquiry....................................................................2 The Commission's Key Assessments and Findings to Date .............................................3 Specific Challenges Presented by the Clarence Inquiry................................................5 PART B: Specific Challenges for River, Floodplain and Estuary Health Agriculture ................................................................................................................ Agricultural Land Use and Impacts....................................................................................7 TechnicalResponses............................................................................................................8 ManagementResponses .....................................................................................................8 Alternative Management Framework...............................................................................9
    [Show full text]
  • Flood Hydrograph Estimation
    A GUI D E TO F LOOD ESTIMA TIO N BOOK 5 - FLOOD HYDROGRAPH ESTIMATION The Australian Rainfall and Runoff: A guide to flood estimation (ARR) is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence, unless otherwise indicated or marked. Please give attribution to: © Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia) 2019. Third-Party Material The Commonwealth of Australia and the ARR’s contributing authors (through Engineers Australia) have taken steps to both identify third-party material and secure permission for its reproduction and reuse. However, please note that where these materials are not licensed under a Creative Commons licence or similar terms of use, you should obtain permission from the relevant third-party to reuse their material beyond the ways you are legally permitted to use them under the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968. If you have any questions about the copyright of the ARR, please contact: [email protected] c/o 11 National Circuit, Barton, ACT ISBN 978-1-925848-36-6 How to reference this book: Ball J, Babister M, Nathan R, Weeks W, Weinmann E, Retallick M, Testoni I, (Editors) Australian Rainfall and Runoff: A Guide to Flood Estimation, © Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia), 2019. How to reference Book 9: Runoff in Urban Areas: Coombes, P., and Roso, S. (Editors), 2019 Runoff in Urban Areas, Book 9 in Australian Rainfall and Runoff - A Guide to Flood Estimation, Commonwealth of Australia, © Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia), 2019. PREFACE Since its first publication in 1958, Australian Rainfall and Runoff (ARR) has remained one of the most influential and widely used guidelines published by Engineers Australia (EA).
    [Show full text]
  • DPI Water Licence Application (30SL0667327) (Apr16)
    CLARENCE ENVIRONMENT CENTRE Inc 29-31 Skinner Street South Grafton 2460 Phone/ Fax: 02 6643 1863 Web site: www.cec.org.au E-mail: [email protected] Date 5th April, 2016 Attn Mr Peter Hackett NSW Department of Primary Industry - Water Grafton Dear Peter Water extraction Licence Application (30SL0667327) In relation to the above request for a water extraction licence, the Clarence Environment Centre objects to the proposal on the following grounds, and requests that Dept of Primary Industry – Water deny the application. 1. It is our understanding that other lower Orara River landowners have had their extraction licences revoked (bought back?) in recent years because of past over-allocation. This situation has since been further exacerbated by the permanent closure of the Nymboida Power Station, thus reducing daily flows by up to more than 600ML, which historically has frequently amounted to more than 50% of the flow in the Lower Orara. 2. It needs to be recognised that the riparian zone of the Orara River, downstream of Blaxlands Creek is unique. The dominant mix of Black Bean (Castanospermum australe), Silky Oak (Grevillea Robusta) and Satinash (Syzygium floribundum), a community that, to the best of our knowledge, only occurs along the lower reaches of the Orara and nowhere else in the world. Coincidentally, in March of this year, the Clarence Environment Centre assisted with weed surveys along several sections of the Orara, including that from Bawdens Bridge to Ramornie, a survey that reported the riparian vegetation all along that stretch of river bank to be in excellent condition, with remarkably few weeds, and little degradation by way of erosion.
    [Show full text]
  • Yuraygir National Park Contextual History
    Yuraygir National Park Contextual History A report for the Cultural Landscapes: Connecting History, Heritage and Reserve Management research project This report was written by Johanna Kijas. Many thanks to Roy Bowling, Marie Preston, Rosemary Waugh-Allcock, Allen Johnson, Joyce Plater, Shirley Causley, Clarrie and Shirley Winkler, Bill Niland and Peter Morgan for their vivid memories of the pre- and post-national park landscape. Particular thanks to Rosemary Waugh-Allcock for her hospitality and sharp memory of a changing place, and to Joyce Plater for her resources and interest in the project. Thanks to long-term visitors to the Pebbly Beach camping area who consented to be interviewed over the phone, and Ian Brown for his memories of trips to Freshwater. Thanks to Ken Teakle for taking the time to provide DECC with copies of his photographic history of Pebbly Beach, and to Barbara Knox for permission to use her interview carried out with Gina Hart. Cover photo: Johanna Kijas. Published by: Department of Environment and Climate Change 59–61 Goulburn Street PO Box A290 Sydney South 1232 Ph: (02) 9995 5000 (switchboard) Ph: 131 555 (environment information and publications requests) Ph: 1300 361 967 (national parks information and publications requests) Fax: (02) 9995 5999 TTY: (02) 9211 4723 Email: [email protected] Website: www.environment.nsw.gov.au ISBN: 978 1 74122 455 9 DECC: 2007/265 November 2007 Contents Executive summary Section 1: Overview and maps 1 1.1 Introduction: a contextual history of Yuraygir National Park 1
    [Show full text]
  • Water Reform Action Plan
    CLARENCE ENVIRONMENT CENTRE INC 31 Skinner Street South Grafton 2460 Phone/ Fax: 02 6643 1863 Web site: www.cec.org.au E-mail: [email protected] Date: 10th April 2018 SUBMISSION to Department of Industry on the Water Reform Action Plan Introduction The Clarence Environment Centre (CEC) has maintained a shop-front in Grafton for over 28 years, and has a proud history of environmental advocacy. The conservation of Australia's natural environment, both terrestrial and and marine, has always been a priority for our members, and we believe the maintenance of healthy ecosystems and biodiversity is of paramount importance. As a major contributor to the protection of the largest river system in coastal NSW, the Clarence, the CEC is determined to ensure that the River's relatively pristine ecosystems are not vandalised, and to improve outcomes for all rivers in Australia. This submission will focus on local issues and concerns, using case studies from the Clarence Valley. However, we strongly suspect that the concerns raised will be relevant across all of NSW and possibly Australia. Discussion This submission focusses on two aspects of water use: 1. Harvestable rights water for irrigation, and 2. Water extraction from rivers for irrigation under licence. Currently on the north coast, neither of the above require the pumps to be metered, although 'noises' are being made in relation to metering some river extraction licences. Harvestable rights grant landowners the right to construct dams on 1st and 2nd order streams, large enough to hold their total entitlement. They can even destroy native vegetation in the process, as dam building is considered a routine agricultural management action (RAMA), and therefore exempt from native veg laws, all without the need to seek approval.
    [Show full text]
  • Coffs Harbour R
    COFFS HARBOUR R U GLENUGIE O S F ER B IV O R R R A E A R R A E H G R O N O S I V r E a O F R r C R a F E R V A d I O a YURAYGIR B Ro R C ale Armid O W S C A O KOUKANDOWIE a R y N R A G N A K K unga Road d la a o R BARCOONGERE S F k PA e C R e IF r I E C V C I H R IG I o H o W L r A a Y O g O O n R a A W K R NEWFOUNDLAND A R I YURAYGIR IVER L S F O N P O L R W ayto E ns IV R R a O TALLAWUDJAH n y CORAL SEA g O e a R N R A R W G FLAGGY o a N d A CREEK N R K T O a CLARENCE r W a A r Red L O L VALLEY Rock U M d a RI o VER R k c CLARENCE o SOUTH PACIFIC OCEAN R d e R R IVE Corindi N I R Y D M IN Beach B R O O C ID A Ro R BYRNES Creek ad IV C E SCRUB N R h Glenreagh O ja R R d SHERWOOD R u IN E w N R D V a I I ll a R R T IV M E O R U R L Y A L A A R W A W H L O I R G T T I I T V H L E E K R A GARBY N N C WEDDING I F I N R Y G M A BELLS S F C COFFS B R O CONGLOMERATE A r P O O a COAST ra S F I O D W Arrawarra R P A R a I y R V I E V NYMBOI-BINDERAY R E R N P d a KANGAROO o R RIVER S F Sixty Twelve Woolgoolga d L a I o T B R T d u a c L o c E a R BAGAWA k n k R R a N S F E oa e d V B Y I e r R M C t B A s R O a A I e l E D R d A O a r Emerald R C I Beach V E R GUNDAR AY S F LOWER HW IG COFFS BUCCA S F H B IC O IF B C O HARBOUR PA WILD CATTLE R IV y CITY CREEK S F E a L R W I T MOONEE T BEACH N R L a r E NANA a r N CREEK S F O Moonee Y L Beach M ow d B a a O nn o a rora ID o R R M A R o IV a E d R Coramba ORARA EAST S F B O ORARA B O WEST S F R I V d O a E R o R AR R A R IV Korora CASCADE ER e l Bay a N P v s C g o ULIDARRA g i r r a N P m B b
    [Show full text]
  • CLARENCE ENVIRONMENT CENTRE 29-31 Skinner Street South Grafton 2460 Phone/ Fax: 02 6643 1863 Web Site: E-Mail: [email protected]
    CLARENCE ENVIRONMENT CENTRE 29-31 Skinner Street South Grafton 2460 Phone/ Fax: 02 6643 1863 Web site: www.cec.org.au E-mail: [email protected] Date: 15th November 2010 SUBMISSION to Inquiry into the impact of the Murray-Darling Basin Plan in Regional Australia To Standing Committee on Regional Australia [email protected] Compiled by John Edwards Honorary Secretary Submission to the Inquiry into the impact of the Murray-Darling Basin Plan in Regional Australia Introduction The Clarence Environment Centre has maintained a shop front in Grafton for more than 20 years and has a proud record of advocacy for the environment both locally and across Australia. Moves by the previous Coalition Government and the present Labor Government to protect environmental flows in the highly stressed Murray Darling Basin must be applauded. Everyone accepts that water from the system has been over-allocated, and that, unless steps are taken to provide those environmental flows, the entire ecology of the region is threatened with collapse. However, as soon as moves to make the necessary cuts to water allocations, it seems that nobody is prepared to shoulder the responsibility personally, and everyone points to where they perceive the problems are created. We believe the recent deplorable behaviour of some extreme elements in the debate, who have hurled abuse at officials, and publicly burned copies of the Plan, is an exhibition of greedy self-interest. It is with this background that the Murray Darling Association has raised the perennial call for the supposedly limitless waters of the Clarence River to be pumped over/through or around the Great Dividing Range to rejuvenate the Murray Darling system and allow the water exploitation to continue unabated.
    [Show full text]
  • A History of Yuraygir National Park This Publication Was Written by Johanna Kijas
    There were always people here: a history of Yuraygir National Park This publication was written by Johanna Kijas. This publication is the outcome of two DECC projects through which many people generously shared their stories. The first project was in 2006. Many thanks to Roy Bowling, Shirley Causley, Allen Johnson, Peter Morgan, Bill Niland, Joyce Plater, Marie Preston, Rosemary Waugh-Allcock and Clarrie and Shirley Winkler for their vivid memories of the pre- and post-national park landscape. Thanks to Ann Blackadder, Stewart Blackadder, Ian Brown, Sandy Murphy, Dave McCleary and Ken Teakle who took the time to be interviewed on the phone. Thanks to Ken Teakle for providing DECC with copies of his photographic history of Pebbly Beach, and to Barbara Knox for permission to use her interview carried out with Gina Hart. The second project was in 2007. Many thanks to Yaegl Elder Ron Heron and Yaegl Local Aboriginal Land Council Administrative Assistant Liz Mercy-Bushell for their support for the Yaegl post-contact history project, and to Senior Custodian Auntie Lillian Williams, Judith Breckenridge, Thelma Kapeen, Fox Laurie, Eileen McLeay, Glenda McPhail, Lester Mercy, Veronica Pearce, Michael Randall, Annabelle Roberts and Rosemarie Vesper for sharing their stories about their connection to Yaegl Country which is now in Yuraygir National Park. Aboriginal readers are warned that this publication contains the names and images of some Aboriginal people who are deceased. Cover photo: The Fish Trap, Yuraygir National Park – photo: J. Kijas.
    [Show full text]
  • Water Sharing Plan for the Clarence River Unregulated and Alluvial Water Sources 2016 Under The
    New South Wales Water Sharing Plan for the Clarence River Unregulated and Alluvial Water Sources 2016 under the Water Management Act 2000 I, Niall Blair, the Minister for Lands and Water, in pursuance of section 50 of the Water Management Act 2000, do, by this Order, make the following Minister’s Plan for the Clarence River Unregulated and Alluvial Water Sources. Dated this 29th day of June 2016. NIALL BLAIR, MLC Minister for Lands and Water Explanatory notes This Order is made under section 50 of the Water Management Act 2000. The object of this Order is to make the Water Sharing Plan for Clarence River Unregulated and Alluvial Water Sources 2016. The concurrence of the Minister for the Environment was obtained prior to the making of this Order. 1 Published LW 1 July 2016 (2016 No 381) Water Sharing Plan for the Clarence River Unregulated and Alluvial Water Sources 2016 Contents Part 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 4 Part 2 Vision, objectives, strategies and performance indicators .......................................................... 12 Part 3 Bulk access regime ...................................................................................................................... 15 Part 4 Planned environmental water provisions .................................................................................... 17 Part 5 Requirements for water ..............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Maccullochella Ikei, an Endangered Species of Freshwater Cod (Pisces: Percichthyidae) from the Clarence River System, NSW and M
    Records of the Australian Museum (1993) Vo1.45: 121-145. ISSN 0067-1975 121 Maccullochella ikei, an Endangered Species of Freshwater Cod (Pisces: Percichthyidae) from the Clarence River System, NSW and M. peelii mariensis, a New Subspecies from the Mary River System, Qld STUART J. ROWLAND NSW Fisheries, Eastern Freshwater Fish Research Hatchery, Grafton, NSW 2460, Australia ABSTRACT. The eastern freshwater cod, Maccullochella ikei, from the Clarence River system, NSW, is described and M. peelii mariensis is described as a new subspecies from the Mary River system, Qld. The Murray cod, M. p. peelii and the trout cod, M. macquariensis, are indigenous to the Murray-Darling River system. Using electrophoretic data for 19 presumed loci, the coefficient of genetic identity between M. p. peelii and M. ikei was 0.72 and the banding-patterns of the muscle general protein, liver esterases and five other enzymes, were species-specific. A high proportion of abnormal and inviable hybrid larvae in a cross-breeding experiment indicate that post-zygotic isolating mechanisms have evolved between M. p. peelii and M. ikei. The coefficient of genetic identity between M. p. peelii and M. p. mariensis was 0.85 and banding patterns of muscle general protein were diagnostic. Canonical variates analysis using 18 morphological and nine meristic characters, clearly separated both spccies and the subspecies. Maccullochella ikei is distinguished from M. p. peelii by having longer pelvic fins, larger orbit length, and larger and morphologically distinct sagittalotoliths. Maccullochella p. mariensis differs from M. p. pee/ii by the combination of a deeper and shorter caudal peduncle, longer pelvic fins, larger sagittal otoliths and lesser extension of the first anal pterygiophore towards the first caudal vertebra, and from M.
    [Show full text]