December 2010-January 2011 Volume 5 No 6 `100.00 (India-based Buyer only)

SP’s AN SP GUIDE PUBLICATION INDIAN NAVY SPECIAL

www.spsnavalforces.net ROUNDUP

PAGE 4 “We can impart training to the Indian Navy on the Scorpene simulator” Interview with Jean-Louis Rotrubin, Chairman and CEO, Defense Conseil International

MINISTRY OF DEFENCE INDIA

am pleased to learn that SP Guide Publications is bring - Jawans, ex-servicemen and their family members continues ing out separate special editions on the Indian Air Force, to be our primary concern. IIndian Army and Indian Navy. I am confident that the special editions will be liked and Our Armed Forces have rendered invaluable contribu - read widely. tions to the nation-both in times of war and peace. We want Please accept my best wishes for your future endeavours. our Armed Forces to retain the competitive edge and rank among the best in the world. We remain committed to the modernisation of the Forces. However, modernisation must proceed hand-in- hand with indigenisation. The all-around welfare of the A.K. ANTONY PAGE 5 Empowering Fleet Air Arm MiG-29K is equipped with extended range,  MODERNISATION beyond visual range (ER-BVR) missiles, smart bombs and mid-air buddy tanking facility from another MiG-29K for deep penetration role Rear Admiral (Retd) Sushil Ramsay Military Manoeuver PAGE 6 A Journey through MDL An overview of the Mazagon Dock Ltd, its from Sea growth and development since its inception. Vice Admiral (Retd) H.S. Malhi

PAGE 7 The GRSE Odyssey A profile of the Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers Ltd, Kolkata. Rear Admiral (Retd) K.C. Sekhar

PAGE 8 Exponential Growth The Goa Shipyard Ltd is the only shipyard in India today, which has the capability to design and build ships to customers’ requirements. y v a

Rear Admiral (Retd) Vineet Bakhshi N

n a i d n I

:

PAGE 9 h P a r g o

Countering Separatist Insurgency t

INS Shivalik o h

Interview with Vice Admiral Thisara Samaras - P inghe, the Commander of the Sri Lankan Navy Articulated as a primary role for the Indian Navy, this is sought to be achieved through Sergei Desilva-Ranasinghe a combination of land attack weapons, amphibious forces, special forces and integral PLUS aviation, coupled with the enhanced synergy between the three services Public or Private: Government 10 in Dilemma n REAR ADMIRAL (RETD) SUSHIL RAMSAY fore propounds the basic philosophy to de - Maritime Capability Perspective Plan WASS Opens First Subsidiary in India 11 velop capabilities that would enable it to The Indian Navy’s maritime capability per - HE CORNERSTONE OF INDIAN influence events ashore and to undertake spective plan (MCPP) adopted a ‘de novo’ Three-carrier Force 12 NAvY’S maritime strategy is ‘military manoeuvre from the sea’. Articu - approach to force development with em - TecKnow 13 generic capability building ap - lated as a primary role for the Indian Navy, phasis on capability build-up rather than proach. This is justified by the this is sought to be achieved through a numbers as also enunciated in the maritime Rendezvous in Paris 13 well-known dictum that there combination of land attack weapons, am - strategy. The MCPP drawn out for force de - 275 Glorious Years 14 aTre no permanent friends or enemies, only phibious forces, special forces and integral velopment and modernisation, spanning News in Brief 15 permanent maritime interests. Indian aviation, coupled with the enhanced syn - over next three plan periods, 2005-2022, is Navy’s Maritime Military Doctrine there - ergy between the three services. aimed to equip the Indian Navy with the

6/2010 1  MODERNISATION

L The last issue of SP’s Naval Forces for the year for acquiring additional conventional submarines ses the government’s dilemma and suggests that 2010 coincides with the Navy Day on December and many more such plans. Indian Navy’s it should take the plunge. The issue also includes A 4. The editorial team of SP’s Naval Forces wish progress in modernisation is far ahead of the brief profile of the PSU shipyards.

I the Indian Navy all success in guarding India’s other two services and speaks volumes of lead - SP’s Naval Forces wishes the Indian Navy maritime interest. Sri Lanka Navy played a major ership and management provided by the Navy’s success in riding the waves in 2011 and its read -

R role in weakening the LTTE. In an exclusive in - hierarchy. This is followed by the modernisation ers happy reading and a happier New Year. terview with SP’s Naval Forces , the Commander of the Fleet Air Arm which is progressing in tan -

O of the Sri Lanka Navy, Vice Admiral Thisara dem with the surface and the subsurface ele - Samarasinghe explains their Navy’s role. Mod - ments. The mantra of public-private participation

T ernisation plans of the Navy are on track and with is being repeated since 2001-02 but there is very about 40 ships including submarines under con - little progress to show on the ground. The de - I struction, the Indian Navy is getting ready to ride fence PSU’s have been supporting the Navy and the waves. Adding to this is the aircraft carrier the Coast Guard since independence, but they D projects both in India and Russia, construction of have their own limitations of output and bureau - Jayant Baranwa L Publisher & Editor-in-Chief E indigenous nuclear powered submarine, plans cratic controls. The article on the subject analy -

PhotograPhs: Indian Navy capability to meet contemporary and future designed for a minimised signature profile challenges. The focus of the Indian Navy’s INS Talwar to provide stealth capability, these ships long-term modernisation plan is to build a would considerably augment the Indian capable three-dimensional force that is able Navy’s ASW capability. to meet all future challenges and fulfill its Amphibious capability : With the induc - larger responsibility commensurate with the tion of landing platform dock (LPD) country’s growing influence. Jalashwa, the Indian Navy has considerably augmented its amphibious capability. To - Force Accretion Plans gether with the five landing ship tanks (large), a sealift capability for over 3,500 Shipbuilding/Acquisition troops and a squadron of armour now ex - Aircraft carrier programme : Since the de - ists. The Jalashwa also carries six SH53 commissioning of vikrant, Indian Navy has troop carrying helicopters, which together operated with a huge void in this sphere. In - with the existing fleet of the Seaking 42C dian Navy’s sole carrier viraat had to be provides an element for aerial envelopment. given her third extensive refit to provide To augment its amphibious lift capability, life extension. viraat’s refit was planned to the Indian Navy is now looking to build refurbish the carrier in its entirety which in - larger amphibious ships of the LPD variety. cluded strengthening the hull wherever nec - This project may be pursued through exter - essary, a major overhaul of its propulsion nal design collaboration on the model for system, comprising twin steam turbines, re - the IAC project. Discussions are said to be tubing of her boilers. on with various prospective shipbuilders for At long last, the acquisition of extensively selection of suitable design requirements. refitted and modernised former Admiral Support ships : The 2008 order for a fleet Gorshkov, now rechristened as vikrama - tanker on Italian Shipbuilder Fincanterri ditya, has been finalised at an approved cost had a follow-on option of up to three of $2.35 billion ( `10,575 crore), settling all INS Delhi tankers. Indian Navy has now exercised this kinds of controversies which has delayed the option for one follow-on ship. Together programme by nearly five years. The vikra - with the two ships in service, this induction maditya is now likely to be inducted into the would enable Indian Navy to ensure the Indian Navy by 2012 post-trials. availability of at least three such fleet sup - Construction of the prestigeous 37,500 port ships at any time. tonne indegenous aircraft carrier (IAC), for - merly known as air defence ship, is report - Submarines edly on track with the likely commissioning Conventional : The underwater fleet of 16 of the ship by 2014. The IAC would embark Russian Kilo/Foxtrot and German Shishu - an air wing with a mix of up to 30 aircraft mar Class submarines is planned to be aug - consisting of MiG 29Ks and the indigenous mented to 30 platforms over the next few light combat aircraft (LCA) Tejas, as also ro - years. These are part of Indian Navy’s 30- tary wing assets to include KA 31 AEW hel - year submarine building plan which was ap - icopters. For aircraft operations the ship proved almost a decade ago. Under this would be fitted out with short take-off but plan, the first submarine of the six new arrested recovery arrangement on an an - Scorpene Class, currently under construc - gled flight deck with a 12º to 14º ski-jump. tion at the MDL in collaboration with the The carrier will be powered by four HAL- French DCNS, is expected to join Indian built General Electric LM 2500 gas turbines Navy by 2012 and remaining five to follow driving two shafts that would give the ship at 18-month intervals. Recently, the govern - a top speed of over 28 knots. ment has approved Project 75I for con - Reportedly, follow-on programme of struction of six submarines with air two additional IAC of 45,000 tonnes has the independent propulsion (AIP) in collabora - approval of the government. Yard nomina - tion with a foreign shipyard with transfer tion for this project, however, seems to be for reduced radar cross section. These ships additional four ships of the same class to be of technology (ToT) provision. As per ap - in doldrum, as the Cochin Shipyard Ltd has are capable of carrying two advanced multi- designated as Project 15B and the construc - proved plans first two submarines would be limited space and infrastructure to under - role helicopters. These new stealthy power - tion load to be shared between MDL and Gar - imported along with ToT for indigenous take construction of ships of this size. Suc - ful platforms will add significant punch to den Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers Ltd construction of the balance submarines at cessful launch of IAC and its follow-on the Indian Navy’s sword arm with a total of (GRSE). Although the design is the same, a selected shipyard. programme would provide the Indian Navy seven being planned. these are likely to have enhanced weapons Nuclear : With the launch of Arihant on with an impressive power projection capa - Projects 15A & 15B : Approved in 2000, and systems such as BrahMos-II and the ex - July 26, 2009, the indigenously designed bility with two deployable carriers available the three follow-on Delhi Class destroyers tended range barak (ER-SAM). and developed nuclear submarine, 2009 be - at any given time by 2017. form the Project 15A which have been Talwar Class : The construction of three came a watershed year. India thus became Project 17 : Shivalik, the first of the three named as the Kolkata Class. The second and follow-on Talwar Class GM frigates from the sixth country to acquire the capability Project 17 stealth frigates built by the third ships will be named as Kochi and Ben - Russia is under way with delivery of first to build nuclear submarine. The achieve - Mazagon Dockyard Ltd (MDL) has been com - galuru. These ships are considerably differ - ship in 2012 and the other two within the ment is singularly unique as this bold ven -

t misissioned with follow-on ships, Satpura ent from their predecessors with the next 12 months. These are to be named the ture was accomplished even without e n

. and Sahyadri, scheduled to join the fleet by incorporation of stealth features and ad - Tej (sword), Tarkash (quiver) and Trikand possessing indigenous design and develop - s e mid- and end 2011. The ship’s stealth capa - vanced technology. The major changes will (tri-pronged). Major changes being the re - ment capability for a conventional variant. c r bility is provided through the incorporation include the fitment of up to 16 vertically placement of Klub missiles with the Brah - Arihant, the first in the series of three o f l

a of systems to minimise her signatures. launched BrahMos missiles and the new Mos system. SSBNs should be inducted into Indian Navy v a These include an infra-red supression sys - long-range Barak NG, LR-SAM being jointly Project 28 ASW corvettes : Four new by 2012, if not bogged down by unforeseen n s tem (IRSS) provided by Canada’s Davis Engi - developed by DRDO with Israel’s IAI, as also ASW platforms based on the Kora Class delays. Arihant is said to be carrying 12 x p s

. neering; acoustic and vibration signatures new sensors. These three ships are expected corvette design are being built by GRSE K-15 submarine launched ballistic missiles w would be suppressed by use of noise and vi - to join the Indian Navy between 2012 and and are now expected to join the fleet by (SLBM) with range of 700 km, with both con - w

w bration-proof mounts and the design caters 2014. The government has also approved an mid-2012 onwards. At 2,500 tonnes and ventional and nuclear warheads. Addition -

2 6/2010

 MODERNISATION / INTERVIEw

ally, she will be fitted for carrying conven - the US Navy. An air launched version of the tional torpedoes and anti-ship and land at - A Message from Admiral R.H. Tahiliani, BrahMos is also under development for the tack cruise missiles. Reportedly, there are Indian Air Force and could thus be inducted plans to develop a sea-based version of the Former Chief of Naval Staff into the Indian Navy as well. Agni-III with enhanced range to provide A large maritime nation like India has to have an adequate size Surface-to-air missiles : Till the induction credible deterrence second strike capabil - Navy for safeguarding its maritime interest and spreading its le - of Israeli short-range barak system, all of ity. To acquire much needed training and gitimate message to win friends amongst littoral states. This was Indian Navy’s surface fleet was essentially operating philosophy, the government ap - what was achieved by our country in the first century AD where equipped with Russian, the medium range proved lease of Russian Akula-II Class SSN, our culture spread to the East, to countries like Indonesia. Even surface-to-air missile systems. Barak short- Nerpa is on track and the boat is expected today Indian epics like Ramayana and Mahabharata are staged range SAM has been inducted as anti-mis - to arrive in the first quarter of 2011. Nerpa in those predominantly Muslim countries. This cultural renais - sile defence (AMD) for all frontline will be equipped with Klub missiles with sance in our neighbours is also a mission for the Indian Navy in warships. The government has approved range of 300 km and four standard-sized the 21st century to win friends and spread peace. joint development of Barak Next Genera - torpedo tubes. tion, with a range of about 70 km, between the DRDO and Israel Aircraft Industries to Upgrades – Surface and Sub-surface ures, besides replacement of periscope, fire for different naval platforms, capable of in - bridge the gap in long range AMD capability Combatants control system and so on. tercepting, detecting and classifying vari - for Indian Navy. The missile is expected to Upgradation or modernisation of warships EKM submarines : Modernisation plan ous types of radars. have a dual pulse motor which can be verti - and submarines is carried out as part of for Type 877EKM Sindhughosh Class sub - cally launched, as also engage both aircraft mid-life upgrade (MLU) package which is marines has been accomplished and six out Missile Systems and sea skimming missiles. generally confined to weapons and sensors. of an inventory of 10 submarines now have Surface-to-surface missiles : The newly devel - Ships and submarines acquired from 1980 torpedo-launched missile (TLM) capability. oped BrahMos supersonic missile system Anti-Submarine Warfare onwards from the former Soviet Union and The package included torpedo tube- has equipped the Indian Navy with power - The new generation hull mounted those indigenously constructed was due for launched missiles, radars, fire control ful anti-surface capability. BrahMos is ver - panoramic sonar which is an advanced ver - MLU. Hence from the beginning of 2000, a systems, electronic support measures, tically launched with a range of 300 km and sion of the indigenously developed ad - comprehensive modernisation package was periscopes, and sonar and communication has active radar guidance for the terminal vanced panoramic sonar hull and being launched for them. systems. Initial problems related to the per - stage with land attack capability. BrahMos produced by BEL is slated for installation Godavari Class : MLU package for these formance of submarine-launched Klub mis - has been approved to replace the Klub sys - progressively in all warships. Other under - ships includes indigenously developed siles have been reportedly resolved. tem for three follow-on Talwar Class stealth water sensors in the NPOL’s stable are the sonar, radars and communication systems, frigates under construction at Kaliningrad Panchendriya submarine sonar suite, the combat management system, etc to augment Combat Management System in Russia. Together with Klub missile fitted MIHIR helicopter sonar and the underwater weapons and sensors capability, is being car - The future combat management system, on the Talwar Class as also the modernised telephone. In partnership with BEL and ried out at naval dockyard, Mumbai. developed by the Indian Navy with assis - Kilo Class submarines with TLM capability NPOL, the Indian Navy has also installed SNF Class destroyers : MLU of SNFs Rajput tance from the Centre for Development of including the land attack version BrahMos the USHUS sonar on EKM submarines to Class destroyers is being indigenously un - Telematics, is being manufactured by would provide formidable capability to the replace the original fit MGK-4000. In addi - dertaken in phased manner. While surface- Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL). This will Indian Navy. In addition to Klub missiles, tion, Indian Navy has also recently de - to-surface supersonic missile BrahMos form an important part of the C4I2SR setup BrahMos system is likely to be a standard ployed the Nagan, a low frequency towed would boost the fire power considerably, onboard frontline combatants. The newly fit for the new Project 17, as also the array sonar system developed by the NPOL, long range surface-to-air missile capability developed system will eventually be in - Kolkata Class now being built. in conjunction with BEL, Larsen & Toubro, with multi function radar being indigenously stalled on all frontline ships to realise In - Air-to-surface missiles : The main anti- Uniflex Cables and Keltron. jointly developed with Israeli industry would dian Navy’s grand vision of a fully surface missile in the Indian Navy’s inven - considerably enhance the firepower of these net-centric navy. tory has been the Sea Eagle for the past two Mine Warfare ships. The new generation Sonar HUMSA and decades. The replacements being consid - Modernisation of existing Natya Class USHUS, along with indigenously developed Electronic Warfare ered include the air launched versions of minesweepers is being attempted by their communication and combat management For the electronic warfare (EW), the Indian the Russian Klub system, as also the Har - conversion as mine hunters in stages. In the system, are being integrated in phased man - Navy has deliberately chosen indigenous poon Block II that has been offered by the first phase, Thales has received contract for ner as part of MLU package. route and all frontline air (homi/kite), sur - United States. This would modernise the the conversion of six ships of this class for SSK submarines : MLU of German origin, face (ellora) and sub-surface (porpoise) anti-surface ship capability of the Indian Air complete change of the sonar suites and Shishumar Class of submarines has been combatants are being equipped with EW Force which provides maritime strike sup - combat systems. The Australian mine- successfully carried out in India. The MLU suites developed by the Defence Research port to the Indian Navy. The Defense Secu - sweeping system, developed by Australia’s package included indigenously developed and Development Organisation’s (DRDO) rity Cooperation Agency’s notification also Defence Science and Technology Organisa - surveillance devices like sonar, communica - Defence Electronics Research Laboratory. mentions that the sale would assist the In - tion in collaboration with Thales in Aus - tion systems and electronic support meas - This is the Sangraha family of five EW suites dian Navy to enhance interoperability with tralia, is being installed. “We can impart training to the Indian Navy on the Scorpene simulator”

Jean-Louis Rotrubin , Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Defense Conseil International in an exclusive interview with SP’s Naval Forces spoke about the role of DCI in transfer of know-how to countries purchasing French defence material

PhotograPh: DCI SP’s: Does the DCI have any presence in other parts to execute multi-task tactical exercises. ferent action and information means on of the world? board a modern warship: anti-submarine Rotrubin : About five years ago, we were SP’s: DCI is said to have specialisation in transfer of warfare, anti-air warfare, anti-amphibious mainly involved in very large-scale training French Navy’s know-how to navies of foreign nations. warfare, mine warfare, electronic warfare programmes linked to foreign sales of Can you please describe the process? (radar and communications), information French-built equipment. Now we are much Rotrubin : For nearly three decades, NAvFCO warfare, aircraft control, operational infor - more focused on smaller population of has been specialising in instruction, training, mation management. trainees but we are present in a far larger consulting and technical assistance for number of domains than before. Today we friendly foreign navies and has trained more SP’s: Are your playing any role in the Scorpene sub - have more than 50 small or midsized pro - than 13,000 officers, naval engineers, petty marines being constructed at Mazagon Dock Ltd? grammes. Our main partners are the Mid - officers and specialists. From theoretical in - Rotrubin : We can have cooperation between dle-Eastern countries with which we have struction to operational training, in France India and France for submarine training for long-standing and lasting cooperation. or abroad, whether for European, Middle- the scorpene project. Indian training pro - Eastern, South American or Asian customer gramme should begin by 2012. We can train SP’s: Please quantify the range and scale of training countries, DCI-NAvFCO is the partner for the Indian Navy on the scorpene submarine

t services offered by NAVFCO to various foreign navies? naval and naval/air equipment sales. in Malaysia. The Malaysian navy has also e n

. Rotrubin : Training ranges from academic bought a DCNS scorpene simulator. So we s e training of naval officers and military engi - SP’s: How are the mechanics of providing comprehen - can impart training to the Indian Navy on c r neers, through maritime training to engi - the Malaysian Scorpene simulator, which is o sive product support, support services, equipment op - f l

a neering and logistics training at all stages erating and maintenance philosophies, documentation, operational in Malaysia. v a tailored to the requirements of the cus - etc worked for naval systems? n s tomer navy, culminating in the operational Rotrubin : We have developed a catalogue of p s

. qualification of the ships delivered by generic operational training courses. The To read the complete interview log on to: w French shipyards and the crews manning courses provide a wide range of operational w www.spsnavalforces.net/interviews w them, but also the performance of the crew training necessary to correctly use the dif -

4 6/2010 INDUSTRY  Empowering Fleet Air Arm MiG-29K is equipped with extended range, beyond visual range (ER-BvR) missiles, smart bombs and mid-air buddy tanking facility from another MIG 29K for deep penetration role

PhotograPh: PIB n REAR ADMIRAL (RETD) SUSHIL RAMSAY forward-looking infrared sensor, data link, night vision and torpedo-carrying capabil - HE FIRST FOUR MiG-29K aircraft ity. The surveillance capability of Kamov 25 of the Indian Navy’s new Black and 28 has been enhanced with installation Panther Squadron, the Indian of indigenous ESM. Kamov 31 AEW helicop - Naval Air Squadron (INAS) 303, ter has established itself as a potent ele - were inducted in February 2010. ment for its designed capability and role. The MiG-29Ks would provide considerable Inventory of this rotary wing is being integral airpower capability to the fleet. steadily augmented. Eight utility version of These multi-role carrier borne aircraft are advance light helicopter (ALH), constructed said to be improved version of the ones in at Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd, have been the inventory of Indian Air Force. MiG-29K inducted into helicopter fleet of the Indian is equipped with extended range, beyond vi - Navy. However, this aircraft appears to sual range (ER-BvR) missiles, smart bombs have run into some problems, namely inad - and mid-air buddy tanking facility from an - 2 MiG-29K and 1 Sea Harrier equate endurance, payload and most seri - other MiG-29K for deep penetration role. during induction ceremony, ously its blade folding mechanism, at Indian Naval base, Goa Coupled with the limited upgrade for Sea essential for shipboard operations. The Harriers, including new AI radar and armed ASW version of the ALH is also reported to with Derby ER-BvR air-to-air missile, they Long-range Maritime Reconnaissance there are medium-range Dornier aircraft have fallen short of naval staff qualitative would form the core of the fleet’s integral Aircraft also equipped for the information warfare requirements. The Defence Minister, while airpower, providing it substantial maritime Long-range airborne surveillance capability role. To cover the capability gap between agreeing that the ASW version of the ALH strike capability in addition to the primary of fleet air arm has been augmented with re - long-range and short-range maritime sur - was not suitable for the Indian Navy, has air defence role. Although one squadron of furbished IL 38 aircraft equipped with the veillance six medium-range maritime recon - however refuted claims that the service has MIG 29K comprising 16 aircraft (including state-of-the-art avionics and Sea Dragon naissance (MRMR) aircraft with a speed of rejected the helicopter. Global tenders for 4 trainers) is on order to operate from suite. The refurbished aircraft would pro - 200 knots and endurance of up to five hours light utility helicopters are expected to be vikramaditya (formerly Admiral Gorshkov), vide anti-submarine and anti-surface war - are planned for procurement. This project issued shortly. the total number to be acquired would be fare (ASW/ASv) capability in addition to is conceived for replacement of ageing between 40 and 50, to equip the indigenous their basic maritime surveillance roles. Eight Islander 2T aircraft. New MRMR aircraft is Network-centric Warfare Capability aircraft carrier’s air wing as well. Additional state-of-the-art P8I multi-mission maritime expected to be equipped with state-of-the- Former Navy Chief Admiral Sureesh Mehta contract has been signed for 29 additional patrol and ASW aircraft based on the Boeing art weapons and sensors, such as air-to- had said, “With India’s rapid growth, the In - MiG-29K at a cost of $1.2 billion ( `5,400 737 platform have been contracted to re - surface missiles, surveillance radar, ESM dian Navy has a much bigger role to play crore) to meet this target. In addition, the place eight ageing TU 142 Ms. The first P8I and COMINT. now, much more to contribute to the na - naval version of the Hawk advanced trainer is expected to be delivered by 2012/13. This tion’s strength. The Indian Navy will focus is also being procured. Naval aviators of is a potent long-range platform which is Rotary Wing on network-centric warfare (NCW) and its Black Panther Squadron have undergone ASW/ASv capable with intelligence, surveil - The rotary wing inventory consists of a mix ability to operate offshore, especially in the carrier-borne training with the US Navy lance and reconnaissance capability. The P8I of Western and Russian helicopters. Mod - Indian Ocean region, for longer periods.” (USN) on the Goshawk. Naval variant of is to be fitted with AN/APY 10 synthetic ernisation plans envisage replacement of The challenge would be to enable all units, light combat aircraft (LCA) under develop - aperture radar in addition to the combined 16 older SeaKing 42s. Many globally new as well as legacy systems to ‘talk to ment by Aeronautics Development Author - APS 137D(v)5 maritime surveillance radar renowned helicopter manufacturers are in each other’ or in other words, interoperable ity, Bangalore, has already completed few and SIGINT system. It is capable of carrying the fray. Eurocopter’s EC 725, NH 90, Siko - so as to effectively fuse information from flight trials successfully and has the same torpedoes and Harpoon anti-ship missiles. rsky’s S 70 B, Lockheed Martin MH 60R, etc varied inputs and present a common oper - configuration as the twin-seat LCA trainer. P8 Posiaden is slated for simultaneous in - are reported to be in contention for this ating picture. Achieving maritime domain Perhaps as a backup option, request for in - duction in USN and the Indian Navy. Exer - multi-role helicopter. The requirement awareness (MDA) across its area of interest formation (RFI) has been issued to all lead - cisng the option for a repeat order, recently, is for 10- to 12-tonne helicopters with dip - is essential to achieve net-centricity. ing global manufacturers for multi-mission a contract has been signed for eight addi - ping sonar, missile-firing capability, light - carrier borne fighter/strike aircraft. tional P8I. For maritime surveillance role weight general purpose radar, a Combat Management System A combat management system (CMS) is an integral part of the weapon suite of any modern platform. Using the latest technol - ogy, a typical CMS presents a real time comprehensive battle space picture to the commander by processing and analysing the vast amount of information provided by the ship’s onboard sensors and those of the units in company. The system also facilitates threat evaluation of targets, tac - tical navigation, control of aircraft and hel - icopters and command and control of warfare in all three dimensions—surface, sub-surface and air. The future CMS, devel - oped by the Indian Navy with assistance from the Centre for Development of Telematics, is being manufactured by the Bharat Electronics Limited. This will form an important part of the C4I2SR setup on - board frontline combatants and air elements. The successful fielding of the indigenous command and control system has added an additional dimension to the indigenous capability in weapon and elec - tronic systems design and development. The systems will be installed on several of the major combatants of the Indian Navy that are at present under construction or due to be inducted in the future. As the key component of Indian Navy’s grand vision of a fully net-centric navy, the new CMS projects have also been envisaged to incorporate much improved data linking capabilities to facilitate full scope of NCW functionality.

6/2010 5  DEFENCE SHIPYARD

A Journey through MDL Year 2009 and 2010 were significant in the annals of Mazagon Dock Limited. An overview of MDL’s growth and development since its inception

PhotograPh: Indian Navy Modernisation/Augmentation A view of MDL of Infrastructure MDL has embarked on a modernisation proj - VICE ADMIRAL (RETD) ect to upgrade and enhance its facilities in H.S. MALHI order to meet committed delivery schedule of various vessels. Under the project, an ad - Chairman and Managing ditional wet basin having one 100 MT crane, Director of Mazagon Dock Limited one 50 MT crane and a 15 MT crane, a cradle workshop, stores, a modular workshop and AzAGON DOCK LIMITED a 300 T Goliath crane are being constructed (MDL), Mumbai is one of the in South Yard and East Yard. The estimated leading warship-builders in cost of the modernisation project is `826 South Asia. The yard was es - crore (about $184 million). It is scheduled to tablished in 1771 with a small be completed by December 2011. On com - Mdry dock to repair erstwhile East India’s trad - pletion, the yard will be able to berth two ing crafts, which subsequently went through more warships and two submarines for out - various ownership changes in 19th and 20th fitting. This will facilitate introduction of century in the hands of the Peninsular & Ori - modular construction technique, which will ental Steam Navigation Company (P&O enhance productivity and reduce vessel Lines), British India Steam Navigation Com - build periods to a desirable extent. Addition pany till the Government of India took it of cradle assembly shop will assist construc - over and incorporated it as a defence public tion of Scorpene submarines. sector undertaking (DPSU) in 1960. Since then it has remained under direct adminis - Modular Construction trative control of the Department of Defence A heavy-duty 300-tonne Goliath crane Production, Ministry of Defence. Subse - under construction will be able to lift and quently, the company took under its wing, transport pre-fabricated modular units two adjacent yards and a workshop, namely from modular workshop to slipway or dry Alcock Yard and Scindia Workshop. dock where final assembly would take Over the years, the company has spe - place. The modular shop (200 m x 30 m) is cialised in building frigates, missile destroy - designed to fabricate eight pre-outfitting ers, corvettes, conventional submarines, ship’s modules of 250 T each. jack up rigs and process oil platforms, mul - tipurpose support vessel, sophisticated Cradle Assembly Shop dredgers, voith tugs and other marine plat - It is said that the submarine’s effectiveness forms and has earned the reputation of lies in its stealth characteristics. One of the being the leading defence shipyard catering criteria of stealth feature is less noise ema - to higher end warships and submarines for nating from it. To attain this, machineries the Indian Navy. and equipment of submarines are installed The yard is spread over 28 hectares of on resilient mounts and this operation will prime land in South Mumbai and has infra - be carried out on cradles in the cradle as - structure facility to build any vessel up to sembly shop. 27,000 discrete wavelet transform (DWT). Its design office is one of the most modern Additional Wet Basin and is equipped with latest hardware Second wet basin (27,000 sq m) is being and software such as computer aided de - constructed to accommodate two sub - sign/computer aided manufacture/com - marines and two surface ships (P17/P15A puter integrated manufacture that makes Class of vessels) for carrying out outfitting drawings, which can be directly transferred work. The new wet basin will have one 100 to computer numerically controlled plate T and one 50 T level luffing cranes on its cutting machine in plater and assembly having modern machineries support joined together to make outside hull. In the south wall and a 15 T crane on its north shop as well as in pipe shop without any shipbuilding construction. MDL has also modular construction methodology, within wall so that construction work on all ves - human intervention. dedicated facilities for construction of sub- the steel blocks assembly as much outfit sels can progress simultaneously. In five decades of its existence as DPSU, marines which houses special purpose ma - equipment and fittings as possible are in - it undertook various challenging naval proj - chineries and equipment like submerged corporated in the early state. These pre-out - Augmentation of Facilities at Alcock Yard ects of constructing Nilgiri Class frigates in arc welding equipment with multiple heads, fitted blocks are then taken to building MDL is also planning to augment its facili - 1970s, Godavari Class frigates in 1980s, circular milling machine, shot blasting berth/slipway for final erection. Painting in ties by making use of spare land available Khukari Class corvettes, vibhuti Class mis - and priming facility, sophisticated quality controlled condition is also undertaken to in its Alcock Yard. The facilities in this sile boats and Delhi Class destroyers in control equipment, etc. minimise curing time. yard will be augmented at an approximate 1990s and Shivalik Class stealth frigates in After significant completion of steel and cost of `650 crore by building suitable the first decade of 21st century. The yard Shipbuilding Methodology outfitting work, the vessel is floated out and infrastructure. also undertook building HDW Class sub - In a nutshell, shipbuilding consists of two taken to basin where its systems are tested Year 2009 and 2010 were significant in marines in the late 1980s while construc - parts—steel work and outfitting. Steelwork before the ship is taken out for a series of sea the annals of MDL. During this period, two tion of Scorpene Class submarines are consists of pre-fabrication, assembly and trials. On successful completion of the sea missile destroyers—INS Kochi and INS currently on hand. erection of steel structure while outfitting trials, the vessel is delivered to its customer. Chennai—were launched from its slipways consists of installation of equipment, ma - while a stealth frigate INS Shivalik was Facilities chinery, fittings and electrical, mechanical The Growth Story commissioned. Apart from naval vessels,

t The yard has most modern facilities to and weapon systems. Traditionally, the two The yard’s value of production has gradu - MDL also commissioned a most modern e n

. build sophisticated vessels and naval ships, parts of the process were undertaken se - ally increased from `518.37 crore (about dredger for Dredging Corporation of India s

e which is as good as any other foreign ship - quentially, with outfitting starting after the $115 million) in the financial year 2005-06 and launched two MSvs for a Singapore- c r yard. Major facilities in the yard include a steel structure had been finished. Of late, to `2,856.13 crore (about $634 million) in based company. In the next decade, the o f l

a production shop, four assembly shops, with technological advancement, both these the financial year 2009-10. All other finan - yard hopes to get fresh orders from the v a three slipways, four dry docks and a wet stages are undertaken in parallel to speed cial parameters like gross profit, net worth, Indian Navy to build four vessels each of n s basin, all equipped with level luffing and up construction of vessels and also to im - capital employed and value added per em - P15B Class missile destroyers and P17A p s

. electric overhead travelling cranes. prove it efficiently. ployee also proportionately increased over Class stealth frigates and three P75I Class w In addition to the major facilities, pipe In steel work process, flat and curved the years. The annual output has increased submarines to become one of the heavily w

w shop, machine shop and sheet metal shop steel panels formed from steel plates are substantially. loaded yards in the world.

6 6/2010 DEFENCE SHIPYARD 

The GRSE Odyssey Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers Ltd has been a financially stable and dividend paying public sector undertaking for more than one and half decades now

PhotograPh: grsE and seven smaller ships. A file photo of Rear Admiral K.C. Sekhar at the occasion of keel laying of the 3rd, 4th & 5th vessels of the In addition, GRSE acquired the Raja Waterjet FACs series at Rajabagan Dockyard Bagan Dockyard (RBD) from the Central In - REAR ADMIRAL (RETD) land Water Transport Corporation in Sep - K.C. SEKHAR tember 2006. The infrastructure is being renovated and upgraded in phases. RBD in Chairman and Managing the long run is to become a self-contained Director of GRSE unit for construction and repair of smaller ships. Since the start of warship production Early years in RBD from August 2007, the unit has The odyssey began in 1884 when the River launched eight fast attack crafts till date. Steam Workshop was set up to provide lo - Also ERP (SAP ECC 6) is under installa - gistics and repairing facilities for the fleet tion for efficient planning, monitoring and owned by the River Steam Navigation Com - control among design, planning, material, pany. Later on, it was converted into a joint production, finance and human resource stock company on February 26, 1934 and departments. The ERP system is expected started its new journey in the name of Gar - to go live in 2010. den Reach Workshops Ltd (GRW) managed by a managing agent Mcneill & Berry Ltd. Engineering Division With a vision to convert this small ship re - The Engineering Division undertakes man - pair yard into a premier shipbuilding yard, ufacture of: the Government of India took over the com - l Portable modular steel bridges exten - pany on April 19, 1960 and placed it under sively used by the Indian Army and the administrative control of the Ministry of border roads for establishing communi- Defence. GRSE, then known as GRW, was cation in hilly terrain, over rivers, canal the first shipyard in independent India to and during natural calamities caused by build a seaward defence boat and were de - cation prior to award of a contract, a prac - tank (INS Kesari and INS Airavat), seven fast floods/earthquake, etc. The bridges are livered to the Indian Navy soon after the tice that would need to be pursued. attack crafts, 73 FRP fast interceptor boats built to IRC-6 classification ranging from takeover. Since 1960, GRSE has built and and four RO-RO passenger ferry to An - 9R to 70R (the heaviest class on Indian delivered sizeable number of ships/crafts/ Export Potential daman & Nicobar Administration. roads). auxiliary vessels/boats for commercial use GRSE has export potential for design and Shipbuilding orders : GRSE’s shipbuild - l Design and manufacture of deck ma - to the Indian Navy and Coast Guard to - construction of frigate, corvette, landing ing order in the financial year 2010-11 chinery items for fitment onboard ships talling to over 650. Of the total number of ship tank (also known as logistic ship), pa - stands at `7,433.57 crore (about $1.65 bil - like capstan, anchor windlass, boat vessels built, around 50 are warships. trol vessel using conventional and water jet lion) comprising anti-submarine warfare davits, helicopter traversing system (for propulsion, survey vessel and FRP intercep - corvettes, fast attack crafts for Indian handling helicopters onboard), winches Business Strategy tor boat. However, being a PSU, all exports Navy, in-shore patrol vessel for Coast and pumps. GRSE’s business strategy over the years has are subject to clearance from the Ministry Guard and fast interceptor boats for the Till date, the engineering division has been to concentrate on low volume and of Defence. At present, GRSE has an export Ministry of Home Affairs and Andaman & export order for portable bridges worth high value shipbuilding orders. This actu - order for an offshore patrol vessel of 75 Nicobar Administration. In addition, GRSE `4.12 crore (about $9,15,000) from the ally meant to focus on warship production metres length. Though a few more FRPs has obtained export order of one offshore Royal Government of Bhutan. for the Navy and the Coast Guard. The busi - have been submitted but its outcome is pre - patrol vessel. Among the future order to ness strategy paid dividends and GRSE con - mature to commit. follow are additional eight in-shore patrol Engine Division tinued to grow and attained Category-I Mini Among the engineering products, vessels from the Coast Guard. GRSE has The Engine Division is located at Ranchi, Ratna status on September 6, 2006. True to portable steel bridges (single and double been nominated to build the latest state-of- Jharkhand and undertakes: the vision, GRSE has become one of the pre - lane) have export potential to countries like the-art stealth frigates. Construction of l Licence production/overhaul of MTU mier shipbuilding yards with seven units at Bangladesh, Bhutan, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Myan - seven ships under this project will be marine diesel engines (396, 538 and Kolkata and the Diesel Engine Plant located mar, Indonesia, vietnam and Africa. shared between MDL and GRSE. 4000 series) used onboard Indian Navy at Ranchi (dedicated for assembly and man - Modernisation : Considering the acqui - and Coast Guard ships for propulsion ufacture of marine engines). Future Plans sition plan of the Indian Navy/Coast Guard, and power generation. With opening up of the Indian economy l Mission : To be a leader in shipbuilding the defence shipyards in the country can be l Sale of spare parts in India. and public-private partnership in defence industry in South East region and con - kept occupied for the next 20 to 25 years in GRSE is the only shipyard in the country sector, in order to remain self-sustaining in tribute significantly to strengthen the meeting the country’s defence needs. How - having its own engineering and engine divi - the future years, GRSE has to look beyond its Indian Navy, Coast Guard and maritime ever, to maintain the desired force level for sion undertaking design and manufacture present defence shipbuilding orders. Efforts potential of the nation. the country’s defence, the shipyards need of a specific range of equipment being fit - are in progress towards entering into joint l Vision : To provide state-of-the-art war to deliver ships at a faster rate through re - ted onboard ships. venture with foreign companies towards ac - vessels of world class standards for our duced build period. Towards meeting this quiring capability/capacity to fully design national maritime requirement. objective, GRSE has embarked on a mod - Financial Stability other naval vessels beyond GRSE’s present ernisation plan (technology and infrastruc - GRSE has continued to be financially stable range of ships. Also a few memorandum of Functional Divisions ture) for undertaking “integrated modular and dividend paying public sector undertak - understandings (MoUs) have been signed l Ship construction”. The modernisation outlay is ing over the last 16 years. Its value of pro - with private shipyards for construction of l Engineering to the tune of `600 crore approximately duction (voP) during 2008-09 was `672.69 auxiliary/offshore support vessels. All this l Engine (about $13.3 million) and being funded crore (about $161.5 million) with a profit of would go a long way towards fully exploiting partly from the naval budget. The moderni - `88.98 crore (about $20 million) before the shipyard’s facilities and also increase the Ship Division sation involves creation of the following in - taxes. These figures have grown in 2009-10 volume of business and production range. GRSE undertakes construction and repair of frastructure facilities: with voP being `870.74 crore (about $194 For cost reduction, efforts are being ships primarily for the Indian Navy and l One inclined berth of 180 m x 23 m of million) with a profit of `130.75 crore (about made to control the cost of production Coast Guard. Over the years, GRSE has de - 3,000 T vessel capacity $ 29 million) before taxes. through automation (CNC plate cutting, veloped expertise in construction of frigate, l One dry dock of 180 m x 27 m of 10,000 The voP of `870.74 crore for the 2009- pipe bending machines, automatic/semi-au - corvette, landing ship tank, hydrographic T vessel capacity 10 is the highest voP ever achieved by GRSE tomatic welding machines) and technologi - survey vessel, patrol vessel (offshore and l A module hall (north-south) for consol - since inception and recording a quantum cal advancement (installation of ERP SAP in-shore), hovercraft and FRP fast intercep - idation of larger blocks jump of over 29 per cent from its previous R/3), additional Tribon licences for ship de - tor boat. l 250 T capacity Goliath crane covering year. With the average growth in vOP over sign. Further, the modular concept of ship Ships delivered : Till date, GRSE has the berths and module hall the last six years being 14 per cent, GRSE is construction reduces the build period that made significant contribution towards ship- The modernisation is expected to be confident in surpassing the set target of has a direct bearing on cost of production buICiGldS iSnagn kaanlpd, t hseh 5ipth rAedpvanirce fdo r the Indian Navy completed by 2011. Consequently, GRSE `972 crore (about $216 million) in 2010-11. Offshore Patrol Vessel (AOPV) of the in man-days. However, modular construc - anIndd iaCn oCoaasstt GGuaurda rmda.n uDfauctruirnedg byt hGeSL last three will have the capacity to undertake simul - For the year 2009-10, GRSE paid a dividend tion requires freezing of the build specifi - years, GRSE has delivered two landing ship taneous construction of four large ships of `24.77 crore (about $5.5 million).

6/2010 7  DEFENCE SHIPYARD

Exponential Growth The Goa Shipyard Limited is the only shipyard in India today, which has the capability to design and build ships to the customers’ requirements. The growth has been a consequence of a long-term investment in upgrading technology and investing in people.

tion of the ERP system. As a consequence, in-house design realised after an intensive based test facility for light combat aircraft GSL has been able to re-engineer and im - research and development activity. With (Navy) for Aeronautical Development prove its operational efficiencies. Further GSL’s proven capabilities for design and Agency, Bangalore and recent venture into REAR ADMIRAL (RETD) improvements have been made by concen - construction of the range of patrol vessels, construction of glass reinforced plastic VINEET BAKHSHI trating on core competencies and outsourc - there is great scope for entering the global boats for the Ministry of Home Affairs. GSL ing non-core areas like material handling, market. GSL is currently in negotiations is also into the business of supplying stern Chairman and Managing and low skilled fabrication processes. with a country in the Middle East for the gear equipment and spares to the Indian Director of Goa Shipyard Ltd supply of four armed patrol vessels. In ad - Navy and other Indian shipyards in collab - Ship and Patrol Vessels dition, markets in Africa and East Asia are oration with an international firm of repute. RIGINALLY ESTABLISHED BY GSL has developed five variants of patrol also being explored. Recently, in the face of stiff competition, THE Portuguese in 1957 and vessels ranging from 50 m to 105 m with Diversification : While making consis - GSL has won a prestigious order for the named Estalerios Navais De speed ranging from 25 knots to 35 knots. tent progress in core competency in ship - supply of stern gear equipment for the first Goa, the Goa Shipyard Limited GSL is also developing designs for the ships building area, the yard has also utilised its indigenous aircraft carrier, being built for (GSL) was a small barge repair of 75 m and 115 m lengths for future technical and managerial capabilities to the Indian Navy at Cochin Shipyard Ltd. Ofacility. Following the liberation of Goa in requirements of customers as an ongoing successfully diversify into new area of busi - Modernisation : GSL has also embarked 1961, the yard was leased to the Mazagon effort at research and development to ness, which include the design and con - upon a planned modernisation programme Dock Ltd till 1967. Thereafter, it was incor - develop new products. struction of training simulators for the to augment and modernise its infrastruc - porated as the Goa Shipyard Limited, with GSL has thus so far built 187 ships in - Indian Navy and Oil and Natural Gas Corpo - ture facility. GSL’s modernisation plan in - its own board of directors. The Government cluding offshore patrol vessels (OPv), mis - ration (ONGC) Ltd, setting up of shore- cludes creation of new land building berths of India accorded status of schedule “B” to sile craft, survey vessels, a sail training with transfer bays, fully serviced jetties, the company in January 1997 and it was ship, fast patrol vessels, extra fast attack state-of-the-art ship-lift and transfer sys - conferred the status of Mini Ratna Cate - craft, offshore supply vessels and 100 glass Over the years, GSL upgraded tem, installation of new cranes and mate - gory-I in March 2007. reinforced plastic fast interceptor boasts rial handling equipment and augmentation To begin with, GSL undertook ship re - and around 97 vessels have been repaired in value chain and built a of various yard services. Apart from this, a pairs, built small barges and fishing for the nation till date. reputation as one of the most dedicated GRP ship construction facility is trawlers. Over the years, GSL upgraded in Recently, GSL has commissioned the 90 also being set up. The modernisation plan, value chain and built a reputation as one m OPv ‘ICGS vishwast’ which is the first of sophisticated shipbuilders in once fully implemented, will enhance the of the most sophisticated shipbuilders in a new class of OPv, indigenously designed present capacity threefold and will also the country. The shipyard has progressed and built by the shipyard. The 105 m the country provide for building of high technology from a barge building unit to a yard capa - NOPvs for the Indian Navy, which are under GRP vessels. The yard modernisation at a ble of building complex warships. The construction in the yard, are based on GSL cost of approximately `800 crore (about

growth has been a consequence of a long- PhotograPhs: PIB, gsL $0.18 billion) is being undertaken in four term investment in upgrading technology phases. The modernisation plan aims to and investing in people. The progress has provide GSL with practically a new ship - been driven by the design department yard with state-of-the-art shipbuilding which has evolved and developed a range facilities. of vessels. Today, GSL is the only shipyard in India which has the capability to design Corporate Social Responsibility and build ships to the customers’ require - While all efforts were made to improve the ments. The yard has acquired the reputa - overall performance of the company, GSL is tion for delivering quality ships not only also making efforts to fulfill its corporate on time but also ahead of the schedule. social responsibility (CSR). The initiatives GSL has successfully improved its perform - taken by the company in this regard have ance on all fronts. It has been an arduous been aimed at contributing to the well- but exciting journey brought about by the being of the people of Goa. Enhanced busi - sustained efforts and toil of the GSL’s ness activity of GSL will result in enhanced workforce and officers and the vision of economic development of the state and will past leadership. This has been possible be - also create more employment avenues for cause of the excellent support that GSL has the local population. The company has received from the Department of Defence taken many steps as part of its CSR activity Production, Ministry of Defence and the to improve the society including looking state government. The principle customers after community health and hygiene; are the Indian Navy and the Indian Coast Rear Admiral (Retd) Vineet Bakhshi educational aids and educational support Guard who have consistently reposed their presenting a dividend cheque of infrastructures; needs of orphanage and old `13.38 crore to the Defence Minister faith in the ability of GSL, which has given age home; provision of civic amenities; continuous impetus to constantly innovate medical care, etc. and progress. Financial Profile Key Strengths GSL is doing well financially. For the finan - Some of the key strengths of GSL are its in- cial year 2009-10, a dividend cheque of house design capability, skilled workforce `13.38 crore (about $2.9 million) was pre - and Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)-IT sented to the Defence Minister A.K. Antony. System. In fact, the in-house expertise in GSL has declared a dividend of 90 per cent design not only gives GSL an edge in the of the paid-up share capital for 2009-10 as domestic market but also makes it attrac - compared to 57 per cent in the previous tive to global customers. It has also in - year. There has been a 70 per cent growth in

t ducted the latest technologies and production and a 59 per cent growth in net e n

. productive tools to improve productivity. profit this year. The company has achieved s e GSL was the first shipbuilder in India to im - a value of production (voP) of `866.48 crore c r plement the latest design software such as (about $193 million) and made a net profit o f l

a Tribon and Primavera and incorporate it of `130.72 crore (about $29 million). It is v a into an ERP system. against a voP of `508.01 crore ($113.4 mil - n s GSL today is fully computerised and its lion) with a net profit of `81.96 crore ($18.2 p

s ICGS Sankalp, the 5th Advanced

. offices are virtually paperless. GSL’s integra - million) in the previous year. This is the

w Offshore Patrol Vessel of the tion of its design and project management highest voP and net profit achieved by the w Indian Coast Guard manufactured by GSL w capability has enabled a complete exploita - company since its inception in 1957.

8 6/2010 INTERVIEw 

PhotograPh: sri Lankan Navy Media Countering Separatist Insurgency

The success of Sri Lanka Navy’s maritime campaign to defeat the Sea Tigers, the maritime wing of the LTTE, and the deep sea fleet of LTTE warehouse ships (known as the Sea Pigeons), played a major role in weak - ening the LTTE and ultimately led to its military defeat. In an exclusive in - terview with SP’s Naval Forces , the Commander of the Sri Lanka Navy, Vice Admiral Thisara Samarasinghe illustrates how the Navy contributed to Sri Lanka’s counterinsurgency victory. n SERGEI DESILVA-RANASINGHE, SRI LANKA with .50 calibre machine guns and even ern vessel which enabled us to move faster. replaceable, which therefore rapidly de - used larger craft which had five 250 hp out - In addition, weekly and sometimes daily our pleted its effectiveness and capabilities as INCE SRI LANKA ATTAINED inde - board motors and radar,” he said. spare parts had to go, including large quan - an asymmetrical maritime force. pendence in 1948, the problem Throughout the 1990s, the massive tities of the army’s artillery, weapons and After almost three years of sustained posed by illicit immigration and growth of LTTE influence in the Tamil dias - ammunition,” he said. fighting, the Sea Tigers were a shadow of smuggling between northern Sri pora enabled it to derive considerable logis - The commencement of the final phase of their former capabilities, with the Navy suc - Lanka and southern India com - tical and financial support to continue its Sri Lanka’s conflict (2006-09) saw the emer - cessfully learning to protect its harbours pSounded as each decade passed. “Prior to war effort in Sri Lanka. “The international di - gence of a radically revised naval doctrine to and nullifying the threat posed by suicide the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) aspora involvement provided the LTTE with confront the Sea Tigers. The year 2006 saw boats. The Army’s hard fought land cam - emerging as a dominant Tamil militant supplies from abroad. The LTTE developed robust political and strategic leadership paign successfully cornered the LTTE into a group, the use of sea lanes to engage in sub - a shipping network which also incorporated which led to a major transformation in the small area along Sri Lanka’s north-eastern versive activities against the Sri Lankan state smuggling and drug trafficking in their military and its way of war. According to coastline and compelled the Navy to main - commenced as early as the 1970s,” said warehouse ship operations.” He further em - vice Admiral Samarasinghe, “We were all tain its largest ever naval blockade. “During Commander of the Sri Lanka Navy vice Ad - phasised, “The LTTE had control of land and asked for ideas and strategies to defeat the the last stages, we had four rings of boats miral Thisara Samarasinghe. “Political rea - therefore had places to hide their boats. LTTE and were invited to ask for whatever to prevent the escape of the LTTE leader - sons aside, we had a fishing community Their requirement was to get their logistics we needed. The three forces brainstormed ship. We had our small boats very close to which was heavily involved in smuggling and in with their bigger ships that attempted to strategies and put forward proposals which land, the inshore patrol crafts, fast-attack illicit people transfer through cross-border unload close to the shore. We confronted were discussed at a higher level by the Na - craft, gunboats and offshore patrol vessels movement between southern India and the them, but sometimes they got through. The tional Security Council, and they decided the further away to keep watch. This proved northern coastline of Sri Lanka. What made bigger ships kept moving further away and final strategy,” he affirmed. “The strategy very effective and though there was specu - matters worse was that insurgents started tried to unload their weapons shipments, so adopted was to fight multi theatres, so that lation that the LTTE supreme leader left by using small fast moving dinghies and started we acquired off-shore patrol vessels to pur - the LTTE could not concentrate its forces. By sea, they were all proved wrong. In addition, causing us problems,” he added. sue them outside our exclusive economic this time, we had several offshore patrol ves - we also saved thousands of civilians who The dawn of a full blown separatist insur - zone,” said vice Admiral Samarasinghe. sels and with the help of foreign countries were held as human shields by the LTTE gency in the aftermath of the 1983 riots com - However, the end of the third phase of we were able to increase our shore surveil - when they escaped from LTTE controlled pelled the Navy to expand and adopt new Sri Lanka’s conflict known as Eelam War 3 lance facilities. The use of maritime domain areas by boat. It was a long blockade and tactics and strategies at sea. “We developed (1995-2002), was followed by negotiation awareness was brought into the picture for we coordinated with and had the support our Navy to cater to the increasing threat, proceedings that culminated into the Norwe - surveillance and coordination of radars of the Army. The only reason the ships and later in the early 1980s, established a gian mediated ceasefire agreement which against the LTTE warehouse ships,” he came into the harbour was for water. Crew naval surveillance zone where fast gunboats commenced in 2002 and ended abruptly added. Throughout the years 2006 and fatigue was not considered; people were were stationed. At least three fast gunboats with the resumption of full scale hostilities 2007, the culmination of the Navy’s effort to willing to stay. For 60 days, no one got off were stationed in the north, supported by pa - in 2006. Throughout the ceasefire, there curb LTTE international shipping network and we didn’t receive a single request from trol boats. With the available resources we were many confrontations between the LTTE since 1999 led to eight LTTE warehouse a commanding officer for leave,” he said. had, we stationed ourselves along the mar - and the Navy, especially due to the fact that ships being sunk in the deep sea, which dealt The significance of the Sri Lanka Navy’s itime boundary with India and tried to stop the Navy continued to play a central role in a critical blow to its maritime supply lines. contribution to the defeat of the LTTE is an this, but the gaps were too large and the supplying by sea the isolated and besieged Similarly, the Navy’s rapid transforma - interesting example of successful combined equipment was not very effective. Following garrison on the Jaffna Peninsula, in Sri tion led to the development of new brown operations between land, air and naval that we introduced the mother ship-daughter Lanka’s north, which was subject to regular water capabilities that could effectively forces. “We are participating in many forums craft concept and still we could not stop the harassment by the Sea Tigers. “The Navy challenge the dominance of the Sea Tigers and many navies around the world have re - flow,” said the vice Admiral. kept that sea route open at a heavy cost. We in the waters off Sri Lanka’s northern and quested that we share our experience,” said Unable to prevent the movement of in - had the major task of transporting a large eastern coastlines. “To overcome suicide vice Admiral Samarasinghe. “In a short pe - surgent boats between Sri Lanka and India, number of troops and civilians to the North, boats, we improved our weapon systems, riod of time, I have been invited to three na - the Navy was forced to modernise which so the Navy acquired a larger and more mod - bought more fast attack crafts, increased tional symposiums and have been part of saw the acquisition of new vessels, particu - our numerical strength and also tried to the final panel in all three symposiums. The larly Israeli built Dvora fast attack craft. build our own boats (our own boat building Galle Dialogue Naval and Maritime Confer - vice Admiral Samarasinghe said, “In the Sri Lanka’s counterinsur - facility started in 1997),” said vice Admiral ence held at Galle in southern Sri Lanka in mid-1980s, we went for faster platforms— Samarasinghe. “We introduced the ‘small August 2010 attended by 11 countries was Dvoras—which could travel at a speed of up gency strategy and success boat concept’ as there was a large increase a tremendous success. Similarly, our officers to 30 knots. The militants realised that they in the number of LTTE suicide boats and at lower levels are also sent for various in - were at a disadvantage as they couldn’t will continue to serve as an our bigger fast-attack vessels were some - teractions offered by friendly countries,” he match our speed. Therefore in the 1990s, what vulnerable. This is why we decided to added. This is further evidence that the they shifted focus to infiltrating and attack - important case study to increase production of our small boats, in - uniqueness of Sri Lanka’s counterinsurgency ing our harbours using frogmen and suicide militaries worldwide which crease their speed and fit a better weapons strategy and success will continue to serve boats.” He further pointed out, “This was a outfit than that of the LTTE. The small boat as an important case study to militaries constantly evolving scenario. Our first un - are seeking to absorb and concept was effective because as the Sea worldwide which are seeking to absorb and derwater disasters were in 1995 inside Trin - Tigers increased in number, so did the learn transferable lessons. comalee harbour when the LTTE first learn transferable lessons Navy.” The strategy adopted by the Navy Sergei DeSilva-Ranasinghe is an analyst started underwater attacks/warfare. Simi - ensured that the Sea Tigers suffered regular who specialises in South Asian and Indian larly, the LTTE started equipping dinghies and significant losses that were mostly ir - Ocean Region politics and security.

6/2010 9  INDUSTRY Public or Private Government in Dilemma As there is more than enough maritime business for all, the government sector should loosen its stranglehold and encourage the private sector to develop. Private sector participation in defence production would be a long-term commitment and mutually beneficial.

n LT GENERAL (RETD) NARESH CHAND have been the main suppliers to the Indian the private industry: volved in the transfer of technology. Navy after independence but with the grow - l Trained manpower : Lack of trained l Military specifications : The private in - T THE TIME OF independence, ing requirement of the Indian Navy, time has manpower as the private sector was not dustry has to become aware of military India had only government- come to develop shipbuilding expertise in involved in defence industry. However, specifications and standards including owned defence industries like the private sector. this can be overcome by training and re - quality control. the ordnance factories and ship - cruitment of retired personnel. l Ship design : Ship design is knowledge yards. There was no clear-cut in - Partnership with the Private Industry l Infrastructure : Lack of infrastructure intensive and thus requires invest - dAustrial policy until the Industrial Policy Indian Navy has made efforts in the past and lack of guidelines as to what will be ments in all aspects of design. Private Resolution was undertaken in 1951, which to involve the private sector including the size and shape of future weapon ac - companies have to have their own talked about self-reliance in many areas in - small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and quisitions in a long-term perspective for design teams if they want to get in - cluding defence. After independence, only ancillary industries in supplying marine the private companies plan for the fu - volved in warship construction. Also the defence public sector and other govern - equipment like alternators, diesel engines ture. there is enough business opportunity to ment factories were allowed to be a part of and generators; minor equipment like l Sale : Not possible to guarantee the sale augment the design departments of the defence industry. As the security envi - motors, pumps and valves. It is also possi - of a particular product. the DPSUs. ronment demanded better weapons, India ble for private companies to have joint l Export : At times the numbers are too l Joint ventures and collaboration : looked towards Russia and majority of the ventures with foreign original equipment small to be cost effective. In any case ex - There is enough maritime business for defence inventory tilted heavily in favour of manufacturers (OEMs) to produce major ports are essential to generate profit but all to share and a joint venture/collabo - Russia which is true even today. marine equipment and electronic systems the gestation period is very long for ration approach will be more successful which are also required by commercial this. Normally it takes about 20 years especially considering the high-tech Naval Perspective ships. Some examples are electronic and production cycle to mature. Thus there naval platforms involved and their high The Indian Navy is the only service in India telecommunication systems; diesel en - is no return on investment for the cost. It is not only companies in the US which has its own design team under the gines, turbines, propulsion systems like private industry in the initial years. and Europe who take the consortium Controller of Warship Production and Acqui - propellers; deck machinery and machinery Majority of the governments, directly or approach, but it spans across countries. sition. The design team has one group for control systems, etc. As the industry devel - indirectly fund the private defence in - l Upgrades : There is a great opportunity surface ships and the other for submarines. ops, many more complex systems can be dustry to ensure its solvency in the in - for carrying out midlife upgrades of ex - Construction of ships is done by the four de - produced and supplied. terest of the nation. The Indian isting platforms and as there is lack of fence public sector undertakings (DPSUs). l Participation of private industry has Government has to follow this model if space in the DPSUs, they are being sent The fourth shipyard i.e. the Hindustan Ship - been permitted since 2001-02. Twenty it desires for the private industry to abroad to the OEMs. yard has been recently acquired by the Min - six per cent foreign direct investment grow. But for this the private industry l System integrator : This is another area istry of Defence (MoD). The surface ship (FDI) is permitted, but there is a case has to prove that it can perform better which the private companies can take design group also monitors and controls the for increasing it to around 49 per cent. than the current system. up and reduce the load on the DPSUs. construction of ships in the shipyards. To review the defence acquisition l R&D : Research and development comes l Maintenance : It is another area which The Indian Navy is a customer as well as process, the Kelkar Committee was at a high cost as seen from the perform - generates opportunity is the mainte - a designer. Smaller ships, boats and less formed which submitted its report in ance of the DRDO with its ever expand - nance of ships and submarines, but complex systems were framed out to the April 2005. One of the important rec - ing budget and delayed deadlines. Thus these require large capital investments other shipyards. The Indian Navy started in - ommendations was to encourage the the government has to pitch in for the in dry docks and berths. In fact, at pres - digenous warship construction in the early participation of India’s top private private companies by declaring selected ent, the demand for ship repair and dry 1960s. However, most of the weaponry, firms in defence production. It took companies as RURs so that the govern - docks is very large. With the right incen - communications, sensors, marine equip - into account the increased capabilities ment can partially fund research and tives, India can develop as a nodal cen - ment, machinery and steel for the hull were of Indian industry, growing globalisa - development. The biggest exporters of tre for ship repair. imported. Submarine construction suffered tion of defence industry and suggested arms are those countries which have a SMEs have a great opportunity for supply after Prime Minister v.P. Singh’s govern - exploring synergies amongst private huge research and development budget of special and general equipment as thou - ment stopped construction at Mazagon sector, DRDO, ordnance factories and and decades of experience. sands of sub assemblies and components go Docks due to charges of corruption and the public sector. To promote greater l High cost : The cost of military hardware into the construction of naval hardware. know-how acquired was frittered away. This involvement of the private industry is very high, more so for naval plat - SMEs have the advantage of having a very has come in the way of Scorpene construc - and to create a level-playing field for forms. An aircraft carrier like Gorshkov short reaction time to carry out supplies at tion, causing avoidable delays. Naval hard - them when pitted against the DPSUs, costs $2.1 billion ( `9,450 crore) just for a low cost due to less overhead. In any case, ware is very expensive and as such its life some leading companies which met the the conversion and a new aircraft car - many large companies generally do not re - is stretched as much as possible which en - criteria were to be granted the title of rier cost as much as $3-4 billion spond to tenders of low value. Government tails mid-life upgrade. In spite of establish - Raksha Utpadan Ratnas (RURs), liter - (`13,500-18,000 crore). Fremm multi- procedures for acquisition have an inherent ing licensed production for imported ally meaning ‘gems of the defence in - purpose frigate, which is a European delay in the process of ‘orders’ to ‘payment’ equipment, facilities have not been estab - dustry’. These firms would be treated project costs approximately $3.3 mil - which may be difficult for a SME to absorb. lished for such upgradations. on a par with the DPSUs and ordnance lion ( `14.8 crore). With such high costs, Thus, it will be better for them to collaborate At present the Indian Navy has about 40 factories for the purpose of defence government support is essential for with larger companies and thereby avoid warships under construction, apart from the production. RURs would have the fol - funding and assured orders. The model dealing with the government directly. Scorpene submarine project and the defence lowing advantages: already exists in Europe and the US. shipyards have much more than they can — Eligibility to design, develop and pro - l Long gestation period : The gestation Future Vision handle. If you add the aircraft carrier and the duce major weapons platforms and de - period from research and development The government has many plans to enlarge nuclear submarine project then the list be - fence systems, manufacture weapons to the user is quite long which includes the industrial base, but they have not been comes formidable. The defence shipyards and equipment developed by the DRDO. design and development, manufacture, translated into action. As there is more than are not known for their efficiency and cost — Receive technology from foreign de - trials, acceptance and warranty support. enough maritime business for all, the gov - control. In fact some of unions had opposed fence corporations and undertake Post-warranty support will include as - ernment sector should loosen their strangle - the Kelkar Committee’s recommendations licensed production of foreign-origin sured supply of spares during the life of hold and encourage the private sector to regarding participation of private industry. systems. the equipment and midlife upgrades. develop. Private shipyards like Larsen & This has resulted in long delays and massive — Undertake defence research and devel - Thus the industry should be prepared Toubro, ABG Shipyard, SKIL Infrastructure

t cost overruns in nearly all the projects. For opment, funded by the MoD up to for a long-term commitment. Ltd, Adani and Bharathi are coming up and e n

. example India’s first stealth ship which was 80 per cent. l Technology : Private industries till now have global ambitions. At a recent function, s e to cost `2,250 crore (about $0.5 billion) es - — Duty-free import of equipment for de - have not been involved in the defence the Defence Minister hinted at the change of c r calated to `9,000 crore (about $2 billion) and fence R&D and making prototypes of industry except for some low level pro - defence production policy as he stated, “The o f l

a was delivered after 10 years. Similarly, the weapons and equipment. duction. Thus they do not have a high first ever Defence Production Policy would v a cost of Destroyers escalated from `3,600 In addition, a portion of the offset technological base. To involve them in be unveiled soon and major changes incor - n s crore (about $0.8 billion) to `11,876 crore measures are bound to flow into private the process, they have to have access to porated in the Defence Procurement Policy.” p s

. (about $2.64 billion). The Scorpene project industry, thereby assisting them in their technology in a phased manner so that It is hoped that the new production and pro - w has already been delayed by five years. The growth. they have ample time to absorb it. They curement policy provides a level-playing to w

w aim is not to denigrate the DPSUs as they Areas of interest and likely hurdles for should also be aware of the process in - the private industry.

10 6/2010 INDUSTRY/OEM 

For related video log on to www.spsnavalforces.net WASS Opens First Subsidiary in India

The Finmeccanica Company aims at expanding its footprint in India through its subsidiary Win Blue Water Services Private Ltd

PhotograPh: abhishek / sP guide Pubns n SUCHETA DAS MOHAPATRA (Left-Right) Giuliano Enea, Director, Win Blue Water Services Pvt Ltd, Italian Ambassador Giacomo Sanfelice di S THE INDIAN DEFENCE MARKET really Monteforte, Antonio Burdroni, Regional Delegate, WASS and growing? With n-number of international Sunil Bhatia, Director, Win Blue Water Services Pvt Ltd Icompanies opening their offices in the country, it seems it actually is. Whitehead Alenia Sistemi Subacquei (WASS), a Finmec - canica company, has chosen India to open its first subsidiary in the world and has named it the Win Blue Water Services Pri - vate Ltd. With a focus on sale of naval equipment, Win will conduct market re - search and analysis, offset and supply chain management and thus help WASS ex - pand its footprint in India. The Indian office will deal with the markets in Middle East and Far East as well. Addressing a press conference to mark the inauguration of the new Indian office in New Delhi, Giuliano Enea, Director, Win Blue Water Services Private Ltd said, “The Indian defence market is increasing in size and this office will help us have a foothold in the country. WASS is in India since 1975. We at Win, with our expertise, would provide assis - Known for its underwater advanced sys - looking for partners who would comply Government wanting to protect its shores,” tance and advice to parent and other compa - tems like lightweight and heavyweight tor - with our standards,” said Antonio Budroni, said Budroni. “Underwater internet cable is nies on how to approach the Indian market.” pedoes, torpedo countermeasures, WASS is Regional Delegate, WASS. With regard to the a dangerous and sensitive area which needs “We are looking ahead to industrial part - offering its Black Shark torpedoes to the In - sale of their surveillance equipment, the to be protected,” he added. nership with both public and private sector dian Navy. A request for proposal (RFP) has company has begun talks with private in - “We have demonstrated our product be - companies in India. Our aim is not only to also been issued by Bharat Dynamics Lim - dustries working on the shores, but did not fore different agencies and hope that year sale, but also to improve the services, pro - ited for torpedo countermeasures for the seem to have much hope from the Indian 2011 will be a year of good knowledge and vide logistic support, provide expertise to Indian Navy, informed the officials. “We Government. “We had demonstrated our quality response.” said the officials’ opti - any foreign company and also support the have visited about a 100 Indian companies surveillance equipment for harbour protec - mistic about the Indian market. Ambassador offset requirement,” said Sunil Bhatia, Direc - for possible joint ventures. We do not want tion ahead of 26/11 terror attacks in Mum - of Italy to India Giacomo Sanfelice di Monte - tor, Win Blue Water Services Private Ltd. to compromise on our standards and so are bai, but we are not sure how is the Indian forte was also present at the inauguration. SP’s

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6/2010 11  PROCUREMENT

Besides the Indian Naval Ship (INS) Viraat, A Sea Harrier tethered on INS Viraat deck which is already in service, the second one is under construction at the Cochin Shipyard Limited (CSL) and the third one is being imported from Russia y v a N

n a i d n I

: h P a r g o t o h P Three-carrier Force n LT GENERAL (RETD) NARESH CHAND Navy as HMS Hermes in 1959. It served as to take place by 2008. The cost $750 million IAC Project 71 the flagship of the Royal Navy’s task force (`3,375 crore) was for the retrofit of the car - The project has undergone many changes NDIAN NAvY HAS PLANNED a three- during the Falkland Islands campaign in rier and the balance weaponry, including and the current configuration displaces carrier force to cater to India’s security 1982 and was decommissioned in 1985. It MiG-29K fulcrum aircraft and Ka-27 Helix-A 37,500 tonnes, measuring about 260 metres needs. At present the Indian Naval Ship was purchased by the Indian Navy during and Ka-31 Helix-B anti-submarine helicop - by 60 metres, with a top speed of 28 knots (INS) viraat is already in service, the April 1986, where it was given an extensive ters. After the upgradation and overhaul, it and endurance of 8,000 nautical miles. The second one is under construction at refit at Devonport Dockyard in Plymouth, was to remain sea worthy for 30 years. construction commenced with the plate cut - tIhe Cochin Shipyard Ltd (CSL) and the third England. It joined the Indian Navy during ting on April 11, 2005 and the keel was laid one is being imported from Russia. The con - 1987 and since then has undergone many Renegotiation Controversy down on February 28, 2009. The design ap - struction of indigenous aircraft carriers was mid-service life refits. The ship has been The contract soon ran into controversy with pears to be influenced by Italian Navy’s An - planned way back in 1989, one to replace more than 50 years in service, out of which Russia demanding escalation in cost and drea Dorea Class now called Cavour Class INS vikrant in 1997 and the other to aug - it has been with the Indian Navy for more delayed delivery schedule. Russia kept on aircraft carrier. It will be powered by four ment the fleet. The design was planned with than 23 years. The recent mid-service life asking for the increase in price which fi - HAL-built General Electric LM 2500 gas tur - DCN which later on became DCNS and the refit has been to refurbish it in its entirety. nally came to about $2.2 billion ( `9,900 bines driving two shafts. The IAC will have a construction was to be carried out at CSL. It includes strengthening of the hull wher - crore) with the rationale that a new aircraft STOBAR arrangement on an angled flight. But due to cost constraints and other limita - ever required, major overhaul of the carrier will cost about $3-4 billion ( `13,500- The air component is likely to consist of tions, the project went through many propulsion system including the boilers 18,100 crore) and refurbished aircraft car - about 12 combat aircraft such as the Naval changes including change of nomenclature and the twin steam turbines and upgrade of rier will cost about 60-70 per cent of thus LCA, the MiG-29K or the Sea Harrier from air defence ship to Indian Aircraft Car - electronic systems, sensors and communi - would be around $2 billion (`9,000 crore) . Mk.51/Mk.60, along with 10 helicopters like rier (IAC) Project 71. The situation became cations. Apart from this, routine mainte - One view was that the price was being HAL Dhruv and/or the Sea King Mk.42. Russ - more critical with the decommissioning of nance has been carried out. The aim is to linked with the accident of Russian nuclear ian company NDB is likely to assist in the INS vikrant in January 1997 and the Indian increase the life span till Project 71 and submarine Nerpa which was to be leased to aviation technology related aspects. It is un - Navy was left with only INS viraat. An air - Gorshkov materialises. the Indian Navy. However, it became a fait derstood that Fincantieri’s Naval vessel Busi - craft carrier, specially which is second-hand, accompli for India as it had already in - ness Unit has been contacted for preparing needs frequent maintenance and thus does Admiral Gorshkov vested a lot of money and time on the proj - the concept, design and implementation not guarantee its availability during crisis. Admiral Gorshkov is a modified Kiev Class ect. Moreover, delivery of the fighter plans. The company is likely to continue till The Indian Navy became desperate to get an - aircraft carrier of the Russian Navy, origi - aircraft MiG-29K had already started and In - commissioning. The hull and landing deck other aircraft carrier and thus the plan to ac - nally named Baku which was commissioned dian Navy pilots were being trained in it. are to be built by Larsen & Tubro Limited. quire Admiral Gorshkov was formulated. in January 1987 and decommissioned The Government of India has agreed to One reason for the delay was the availability Admiral Gorshkov was a modified Kiev Class in1996. It was sold to India in 2004 for con - cough up the amount and it is to be deliv - of suitable steel. The ship was to be launched aircraft carrier of the Russian Navy, origi - version into an aircraft carrier for the Indian ered by 2012. It is hoped that Russia does during end 2010 and delivered by the end of nally named Baku. Meanwhile, Project 71 Navy. It was to be a short take-off but ar - not spring any more surprises. 2014.The carrier will be equipped with the

t was taking shape in CSL. There is a plan to rested recovery (STOBAR) carrier and named latest weaponry, sensors, battle management e n

. build another aircraft carrier after the cur - INS vikramaditya. It has a displacement of systems, navigation systems and communi - s There were indications earlier e rent Project 71, but it is too futuristic to 44,570-tonne, deck of 273 m Ski jump and cations. On Navy Day last year, Chief of c r comment at present. It was also decided to aircraft complement of 20 MiG-29 fighters Naval Staff Admiral Nirmal verma had indi - o f l that the Indian Navy may opt

a maintain INS viraat as long as possible. The and up to eight Kamov Ka-28/Ka-31 anti- cated that the second IAC will be more capa - v a progress on Indian Navy’s aircraft carrier ac - submarine helicopters. It would also be able ble than the current one under construction. n for the latest electromagnetic s quisition programme is as follows: to carry HAL Tejas and Dhruv light helicop - It may be closer to 50,000 tonnes with a p s . ters. The original contact for $1.5 billion aircraft launch system steam catapult. There were indications ear - w INS Viraat (`6,750 crore) was signed in 2004 between lier that the Navy may opt for the latest elec - w

w INS viraat was commissioned in the Royal India and Rosoboronexport with the delivery tromagnetic aircraft launch system.

12 6/2010 TECKNOw / REPORT 

TEC KNOW

On Combat & Intelligence Mission For related video log on to www.spsnavalforces.net The purpose of the SMX-25 project is to send a vessel having the advantages of both a submarine and a surface ship

CNS has unveiled its SMX concept ship. For the concept ship, DCNS has focused on how to get Dwhat is essentially a conventional submarine to a theatre of operations as quickly as possible. Powered by three gas turbines driving three water jets, the SMX-25 submersible is designed to achieve a sustained surface speed of 38 knots. The SMX-25 is essentially a conventional submarine but can be deployed very quickly. On reaching its desig - s N C

nated patrol area, the SMX-25 will operate like other sub - D

: h marines using the same types of sensors and resources. P a r

In the innovative semi-surfaced configuration, with g o t only the upper portion of the sail above water, the boat o h will be able to use the same kind of sensors (including P aircraft surveillance radar) and weapons as a conven - tional surface combatant i.e. anti-ship, land-strike and and machine guns, it can engage in surface as well as anti-air missiles launched from vertical silos while main - Specifications underwater combat. A vessel able to take into account taining an extremely discrete radar signature. The SMX-25 Length overall : 109 m the constraints affecting land and littoral combat, it will will be equipped to deploy combat swimmers and their Max. speed, semi-surfaced : 38 knots carry, in addition to its 27 crew members, 10 Special delivery vehicles, commandos, unmanned underwater ve - Displacement, surface : 2,850 tonnes Forces troops, with a displacement of 4,850 tonnes sub - hicles (UUvs) and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAvs). Displacement, submerged : 4,850 tonnes merged and 2,850 tonnes surfaced. With a length of 109 The purpose of the SMX-25 project is to send a ves - Speed, submerged : 10 knots m (354 ft), quiet and stealthy in design, this vessel is ca - sel, having the advantages of both a submarine and of a Endurance, patrol : 30 days pable of reconnaissance as well as combat or intelli - surface ship. Carrying 16 missiles, four heavy torpedoes gence missions. Rendezvous in Paris Euronaval 2010 witnessed a congregation of technology, products, services, machinery and equipment

PhotograPhs: Eurocopter, sagem, atlas n SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT proach missions. It can also be used in other naval operations, such as SAR and in ROM OCTOBER 25 TO 29 , 2010, fighting against trafficking, piracy or illegal the Le Bourget exhibition centre at immigration. The Patroller UAv showcased Paris witnessed a congregation of was the homeland security ’S’ version (al - technology, products, services, ready available for sale). machinery and equipment. Euro- nFaval 2010, an international exhibition and Eurocopter conference of technologies, equipment and Eurocopter displayed the NH90 NFH helicop - services for the naval defence industry fo - ter, produced by the NH Industries, a joint cused on the global challenges facing the venture of Eurocopter, AgustaWestland and maritime world and the growing impor - Fokker. The NH90 NFH offers unrivalled tance of sustainable development in mar - flexibility to achieve the ‘one ship-one heli - itime trade and shipping. copter’ multi-role frigate concept. Euro - copter’s indoor exhibit at Euronaval were the Thales AS565 MB Panther, AS365 N3 Dauphin and Thales displayed its unmanned underwater EC645.The Panther is the military version of vehicles (UUv) and autonomous underwater Eurocopter’s twin-engine Dauphin rotary- vehicles (AUv). The UUvs and AUvs are wing aircraft, providing a multi-purpose, used in mine countermeasures (MCM) and medium-weight helicopter tailored for appli - anti-submarine warfare (ASW), as well as in (Above left) Eurocopter AS565; cations that include anti-submarine warfare, the protection of harbours. Thales designs (right) Sagem’s Patroller-M UAV and anti-surface warfare, search and rescue, eco - AUv internal navigation systems based on Atlas Elektronik’s SeaOtter MKII nomic exclusive zone (EEz) surveillance and an inertial system associated to a Doppler control patrols, maritime counter-terrorism, log. This provides high performance locali - casualty and medical evacuation, as well as sation accuracy crucial for mine relocalisa - troop and cargo transport. The EC645 is an tion during neutralisation or mine armed variant of the EC145 twin-engine hel - avoidance phases. The necessary sensor icopter, which can be used in the maritime suites onboard UUvs and AUvs provide ac - environment for EEz surveillance, armed sea cess to environmental parameters. These ei - police missions, counter-terrorism, search ther confirm the pre-defined mission plan and rescue, as well as personnel evacuation or allow the systems to build a new opti - and cargo delivery. mised plan taking into account real envi - ronmental parameters. Atlas Elektronik Atlas Elektronik, a joint subsidiary of Northrop Grumman ThyssenKrupp and EADS had on offer Northrop Grumman showcased its LPD San sonars and sensors, command and control Antonio-class amphibious warfare and systems for submarines and surface transport ship and its international patrol combatants, mine countermeasures sys - frigate, a versatile and affordable warship tems, unmanned underwater vehicles, based on the multi-mission National Secu - Master FT and Sperry Marine’s MK39 ring underwater vehicles– the double eagle, ves - radio and communications equipment, rity Cutter currently operated by the US laser gyro navigation system and the MK27 sel traffic management system, ship control naval weapons as well as coastal surveil - Coast Guard. The company’s Sa’ar 5B lit - fibre-optic attitude and heading reference system and missile systems as RBS15 lance and traffic guidance system. The toral corvette, an enhanced version of the system for naval vessels. among other products and systems for the company’s 2,000th SeaFox is a powerful Northrop Grumman Sa’ar 5 corvette cur - naval domain. mine disposal vehicle and the new SeaFox rently in service with the Israel Navy will Saab MKIII is being fitted with a novel type of also be on display as well as the advanced Saab introduced for the first time the new Sagem fuse that will allow safe on-board recovery Enforcer-class fast patrol craft design. generation command and control system Sagem exhibited its long-endurance Pa - of the SeaFox C if it is not used after de - Others on display were the company’s 9Lv Mk4, a modular and scalable system al - troller UAv at the Euronaval 2010 exhibi - ployment. The company also highlighted Sperry Marine’s latest generation of naviga - lowing unique software connectivity and in - tion. The Patroller-M (Maritime) is designed on SeaOtter MkII and vision600 synthetic tion and ship control technology vision - teroperability. Saab’s remotely operated for coastal surveillance and maritime ap - aperture sonar.

6/2010 13  INDUSTRY

PhotograPhs: Indian Navy

President Obama being received by Vice Admiral Sanjeev Bhasin FoC-in- C Western Naval Command at INS Shikra in Mumbai 275 Glorious Years Established in 1735, the Naval Dockyard has steadily added infrastructure and facilities commensurate with growing demands of time by building dry-docks of multiple dimensions, all of which are in use even today

established soon spread far and wide, re - sulting in a spate of orders for shipbuilding on the Bombay Docks. During the British rule, 170 war vessels were built for the East India Company, 34 warships for the Royal Navy and 87 mer - chant vessels for private companies. These included ships for the East India Company, Bengal Pilot Service and a host of private merchants. The largest ship built was “Mea - nee” with a displacement of 2,591 tonnes. Steam propulsion-based ships were built as early as 1829. Some of the famous warships built at the Bombay Docks include Ganges, Cornwallis, Minden and Asia. HMS Trinco - malee, a frigate, built by the Bombay Dock in 1817, is the second oldest ship afloat in the world. Spread over 55 hectares, now Naval Dockyard, Mumbai, has a vast range of en - gineering facilities to meet every mainte - nance need of ships and submarines of the Indian Navy and is manned by a highly skilled workforce of over 11,000 personnel. Pioneering efforts of then Cdr N.E. Warner, Cdr A.K. Bhatia, Cdr Daya Shankar, Lt Cdr B.P. Sinha and S. Parmanandan have signif - y

v icantly contributed to the historic growth of a N

n the yard which were further augmented by a i

d Minister of State for Defence M.M. n I

successive generations of professionals to - : Pallam Raju with Chief of the Naval h

P wards transformation of this dockyard to a Staff, Admiral Nirmal Verma, Vice r

g the sophisticated levels of excellence. o Admiral Sanjeev Bhasin and several t

o senior officers at TechYard 2010

h To commemorate the 275th Anniver - P sary on October, 6, 2010, a seminar on life cycle support for ships and submarines was n REAR ADMIRAL (RETD) SUSHIL RAMSAY pendence, it was decided by the govern - which was the first major Royal Navy ship organised by the Western Naval Command ment to create major repair and mainte - to be built outside British Isle. The facilities at Nehru Centre, Worli, Mumbai. Governor ROM A vERY HUMBLE beginning nance infrastructure to support warships available with the marine yard at Bombay of Maharashtra K. Sankaranarayan, Flag Of - as a marine repairs facility, the solely for the Indian Navy. were unparalleled in the East and provided ficer Commanding-in-Chief, Western Naval Naval Dockyard, Mumbai, crossed Established in 1735, the yard has the British with a full-fledged base to fulfill Command, vice Admiral Sanjeev Bhasin a historic landmark when it cele - steadily added infrastructure and facilities their global dominance ambitions. and many senior officers of the Indian Navy

t brated the 275th anniversary of commensurate with growing demands of The Master Builders of the Dockyard be - were present on the occasion. e n

. Fits existence on October 6, 2010. Estab - time by building dry-docks of multiple di - longed to the Wadia family from Surat. The Alongside the seminar an exhibition s e lished to build both “men-of-war” and mer - mensions, all of which are in use even today. first Master Builder, Lowjee Nusserwanjee TechYard 2010 was also organised by West - c r chant ships during the British era, over the Illustrious Bombay Dock took 15 years to be Wadia, was brought over from Surat to start ern Naval Command at the Nehru Centre, o f l

a years, this dockyard has grown to be built, adding multi-dimensional capacity in the shipbuilding activities in this yard. He Worli, Mumbai, which was inaugurated by v a recognised as one of the most reputed a phased manner, between 1750 and 1765. was followed by eight other master Minister of State for Defence M.M. Pallam n s yards in the world. Since its inception, the Named after Sir Jonathan Duncan, the then builders, all from the same lineage, who Raju. Chief of the Naval Staff, Admiral Nir - p s

. ships built by this yard were found to be Governor of Bombay, Duncan Dock was kept the shipbuilding skills at the yard in - mal verma, vice Admiral Sanjeev Bhasin w more durable and sea worthy than those added in 1807 to build warships. The first tact till 1884. The reputation of shipbuild - and several senior officers of Indian Navy w

w built in Europe. Soon after gaining inde - ship to be built in Duncan Dock was Minden ing infrastructure which the Wadias had were present on the occasion.

14 6/2010 

Publisher and Editor-in-Chief News in Brief Jayant Baranwal Assistant group Editor r. Chandrakanth Senior Editorial Adviser r. adm (retd) s.K. ramsay COOPERATIVE APPROACH FOR SECURITY is vital in today’s world. It is in the common sponded with alacrity to keep one or more Senior Technical Group Editor OF SEA LANES interest of nations to keep sea lanes open, Dornier aircraft on standby, besides asking Lt general (retd) Naresh Chand secure and free for navigation, trade and their ships on assigned mission to be also on Contributing Editors energy supplies. stand-by. At daybreak, the naval forces, Lt general (retd) V.K. Kapoor which had arrived at the scene, commenced air Marshal (retd) V.K. Bhatia NAVY TO INCREASE CONTACT IN IOR their actions. MARCOS slithered onto the Senior Copy Editor & Correspondent Addressing the Indian Navy’s Commanders’ merchant ship from a Sea King helicopter sucheta Das Mohapatra Conference, Defence Minister A.K. Antony and took the crew to safety. Naval personnel Assistant Correspondent has called for increased Navy-to-Navy con - searched the ship thoroughly and the mer - abhay singh thapa tact with the littoral countries of the Indian chantman set course for its destination once Assistant Photo Editor Ocean Region (IOR) which would strengthen the boarding party reported all clear. abhishek singh professional ties and mutual trust, and Contributors streamline interoperability issues. JOINT JAPAN-US MISSILE DEFENSE India FLIGHT TEST SUCCESSFUL admiral (retd) arun Prakash Defence Minister A.K. Antony has called for DEFENCE MINISTER AT COAST GUARD The Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force r. adm (retd) raja Menon adoption of cooperative approach for en - COMMANDERS’ CONFERENCE (JMSDF) and the US Missile Defense Agency Cmde rajeev sawhney suring the security of sea lanes in the Asia- (MDA) have announced the successful com - Europe Pacific Region. Addressing the first ever pletion of an Aegis ballistic missile defense alan Peaford, Doug richardson, andrew Brookes (UK) ASEAN Plus Eight Defence Ministers’ Meet - (BMD) intercept flight test, in cooperation USA & Canada ing in Hanoi, Antony said India is partici - with the US Navy, off the coast of Kauai in Lon Nordeen (Usa) pating in two projects together with the Hawaii. The event marked the fourth time anil r. Pustam (West Indies) Malacca countries, within the framework of that a JMSDF ship has engaged a ballistic IMO, to improve the safety of navigation in missile target, including three successful in - West Asia/Africa h.r. heitman (s. africa) this region. The Indian Navy is conducting tercepts, with the sea-based midcourse en - anti-piracy patrolling and escort operations gagement capability provided by Aegis Chairman & Managing Director Jayant Baranwal in the Gulf of Aden for over two years as BMD. JS Kirishima crew detected and piracy remains a serious challenge for the tracked the target. Administration & Coordination Bharti sharma, survi Massey world community and expressed India’s commitment to work together with other Defence Minister A.K. Antony inaugurated NORTHROP GRUMMAN $48 MILLION Senior Art Director anoop Kamath countries to address piracy. He added that the 29th Annual Coast Guard Commanders’ ADVANCE PROCUREMENT CONTRACT the security of sea lanes of communication Conference at Delhi. The Minister declared The US Navy has awarded a $48 million Design Vimlesh Kumar Yadav, sonu singh Bisht that the Coastal Surveillance Network (CSN) (`216 crore) cost-plus fixed-fee contract station at Tarapore in Maharashtra will be modification to Northrop Grumman Corpo - Sales & Marketing >> SHOW CALENDAR Director sales & Marketing : Neetu Dhulia commissioned very soon which will provide ration for advance procurement of long- head Vertical sales : rajeev Chugh 1-2 December a big boost to our real time maritime domain lead materials and performance of SP’s Website Anti-Submarine Warfare 2010 awareness. He said that the ever increasing engineering/planning efforts for LHA 7, the sr. Web Developer : shailendra P. ashish London Marriott Hotel Grosvenor threat from the sea has necessitated the second in the Navy’s latest class of large- Web Developer : Ugrashen Vishwakarma Square, London, UK strengthening of the coastal security mech - deck amphibious assault ships. The first Published bimonthly by Jayant Baranwal on www.anti-submarinewarfare.com anism. It is also required to keep our vast ship, America (LHA 6) is being built in behalf of sP guide Publications Pvt Ltd. all maritime zones under effective round-the- Pascagoula and is currently 33 per cent rights reserved. No part of this publication 6-8 December year surveillance. Keeping India’s security complete. With this award, Northrop Grum - may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval 9th Future Naval Summit concerns in view, he said that the establish - man will provide additional engineering, system, or transmitted in any form or by any Renaissance Portsmouth Hotel, Wa - ment of 46 chain of static sensors atop the planning and technical support for the cur - means, photocopying, recording, electronic, or otherwise without the prior written terfront Conference Center, vA, USA light houses along the coastline needs to be rent contract. The Navy issued the initial permission of the publishers. www.futurenavalplanssummit.com speeded up. He said the Government is com - contract in June for $175 million ( `788 Printed in India mitted to enhance the force levels in a crore). LHA 7 will be 844 feet long and 106 by Kala Jyothi Process Pvt Ltd 9-10 December phased manner in the near future; recent feet wide and weigh 44,854 tonnes. Its hy - © sP guide Publications, 2010 Naval Construction, Repair and Refit progress on increased presence of Coast brid propulsion system will drive it to Le Méridien Piccadilly, London, UK Guard include commissioning of five sta - speeds in excess of 22 knots on its gas tur - annual subscription Inland: `600 • overseas: Us$180 www.navalrepairrefit.com tions at Karwar, Gandhinagar, veraval, Hut - bines, but will also run cost-efficiently on Email: [email protected] bay and MurudJanjira, District Headquarters its auxiliary electric propulsion motors. It Letters to the Editor 9-11 December No 12 at Kavaratti and Regional Headquar - will accommodate 1,204 crew and can [email protected] INMARCO-INAvation 2010 ters of the North-East, along with a co-lo - surge to accommodate 1,871 troops. LHA 7 For advertising Details, Contact: National Centre Of Performing Arts cated station at Kolkata are likely to be will have an extended hangar deck with two [email protected] (NCPA) Nariman Point, Mumbai established next year. In addition, five sta - higher hangar bay areas, each fitted with an [email protected] www.inmarco-inavation.com tions at Ratnagiri in Maharashtra, Minicoy in overhead crane for aircraft maintenance. [email protected] Lakshadweep & Minicoy Islands, Mundra in SP GUIDE PUBLICATIONS PVT LTD 24-26 January 2011 Gujarat, Kolkata in West Bengal and Dahanu DCNS DELIVERS SECOND SKJOLD POSTAL ADDRESS 9th Annual Underwater Battlespace in Maharashtra are also likely to come up FAST PATROL BOAT Post Box No 2525, New Delhi 110 005, India Radisson Blues Hotel, Rome, Italy next year. The remaining nine stations at Pi - Royal Norwegian Navy has taken delivery of Corporate Office www.uwbevent.com pavav, Androth, Karaikkal, Krishnapatnam, the second Skjold fast patrol boat. The six- a 133 arjun Nagar, opp Defence Colony, Nizampatnam, Gopalpur, Frazergunj, ship programme is led by a consortium New Delhi 110 003, India 1-2 February 2011 Kamorta and Mayabunder are slated for comprising DCNS and two Norwegian con - tel: +91(11) 24644693, 24644763, 24620130 Fax: +91 (11) 24647093 2nd Maritime Piracy & Security Summit commissioning soon; as for future plans are tractors with DCNS acting as combat sys - Dusit Thani Dubai, Dubai, UAE concerned, as many as 42 Coast Guard sta - tem design authority and co-supplier. DCNS Regd Office Fax: +91 (11) 23622942 www.acius.net tions will be functioning all along the coast is working with Norway’s Umoe Mandal Email: [email protected] by the end of the current Eleventh Plan. shipyard and Kongsberg Defence & Aero - representative offices 20-24 February 2011 space. Skjold FPBs are designed specifically BANGALORE, INDIA International Defence Exhibition and PIRACY ATTEMPT THWARTED to patrol Norway’s littoral waters. Skjold air Marshal (retd) B.K. Pandey Conference (IDEX 2011) On November11, about 450 nautical miles Class FPBs have a overall length of less than 534, Jal Vayu Vihar, Kammanhalli Main rd, Abu Dhabi National Exhibition West of Mumbai, a merchant ship Mv BBC 50 metres and is equipped with eight anti- Bangalore 560043, India. Centre, Abu Dhabi, UAE Orinoco with a crew of 14 (5 Ukraine and 9 ship missiles and a 76-mm gun. tel: +91 (80) 23682534 www.idexuae.ae Philippino) reported being attacked by pi - MOSCOW, RUSSIA rates. The crew had locked themselves in the UPGRADE FOR ROYAL NAVY LagUK Co., Ltd, Yuri Laskin 21-22 February 2011 ships engine room and the steering compart - MINEHUNTERS Krasnokholmskaya, Nab., 11/15, app. 132, Moscow 115172, russia. Seaport Security India ment and communicated with their agents, BAE Systems has secured a £15 million tel: +7 (495) 911 2762, 2011, Le Royal Meridien Mumbai, UK MTO Dubai, on e-mail. Dubai, in turn, in - (`109 crore) contract as part of a major Fax: +7 (495) 912 1260 Mumbai, India timated the Indian Navy for assistance. The overhaul project to replace the 30-year-old www.spguidepublications.com http://seaportsecurityindia.com Navy detached one of its missile corvettes, propulsion systems onboard the Royal www.spsnavalforces.net INS veer, to intercept the distressed vessel. Navy’s eight Hunt Class mine countermea - rNI Number: DELENg/2008/25836 20-24 February 2011 Soon thereafter missile destroyer, INS Delhi sure vessels. The equipment procurement NAVDEX 2011 with a team of Marine Commandos (MAR - contract comes on the back of the com - Abu Dhabi National Exhibition COS) embarked was dispatched to the scene. pany’s successful completion of the techni - Centre, Abu Dhabi , UAE One of Navy’s long range maritime patrol cal recommendation for a new propulsion www.navdex.ae aircraft was extensively deployed for aerial and machinery control system to the Min - surveillance. The Indian Coast Guard too re - istry of Defence.

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