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Alphabet Agencies Alphabet Agencies Alphabet Who this Details Relief, agency (Initials would Recovery or and in full) help... Reform Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) • Led by Harry Hopkins, a • The government former social worker, this agency sent funds to gave each state depleting local relief $1 back for agencies. Within two hours, $5 million was every $3 spent given out . on the relief of • Gave Federal money to individual states to help poverty. Spent the homeless and $500 million in unemployed. total • Formed May 1933 Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) To help farmers to • Government increase their profits. money was used to • Schemes were pay farmers to introduced to reduce slaughter their their production and animals and to so to drive up the destroy their crops. price of their produce. • This was very • May 1933 controversial at a time when people were starving. National Recovery Administration (NRA) To encourage • Codes of practice were employers to drawn up minimum improve industrial wage, hour and conditions companies workers’ pay and that signed up to the conditions and to scheme were allowed charge fair prices to display the Blue Eagle Flag for goods From 1933-1935 This work is in the public domain because it is a work of the United States Federal Government. Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) • Set up to help farmers • Provided cheap and others in the Hydroelectric Power to Tennessee valley half its the farms. population 2.5 million • 20 Dams were people were living below constructed to prevent the poverty line. flooding and provide • Farming had become cheap electricity. poor in the Tennessee • Millions of trees were valley due to over planted to prevent soil cultivating, flooding and erosion. soil erosion. • September 1933 Works Progress Administration (WPA) • 11,000 schools were built. • 12,000 Actors were paid to put on plays and concerts to relieve the • 70,000 km of roads were depression. constructed. • Paid artists to make • La Guardia airport in New paintings for schools and York was put up. public buildings. • FDR paid photographers • Employed 2 million to record the Depression. people a year. • May 1935 Farm Credit Administration (FCA) • Helps farmers recover • Helps farmers refinance from the dustbowl. their mortgages over a long period of time. • 20% of farmers in the USA were helped by this. • Gives them better interest • Farmers in danger of rates than banks. losing their properties kept • March 1933 their farms Civil Works Administration (CWA) • Construction jobs were created. • Creates jobs for millions of people. • Set up along with the CCC or Civilian Conservation • Jobs were mainly Corps temporary for the harsh winter of 1933-1934. It • Laid 255,000 miles of ended soon after. roads, 40,000 schools, 3,700 playgrounds and 1,000 airports Public Works Administration (PWA) • Created lots of jobs in construction from • Concentrated on the 1933-1935 then 1938. construction of large scale • Also built railroads, public works buildings like courthouses, schools and bridges and dams. hospitals which still exist • These were all long lasting buildings – like the Lincoln Tunnel in New York or the Overseas Highway in Florida Emergency Banking Act (EBA) • All banks were closed • The president for 10 days and only encouraged people those approved by the to invest their Federal Government money in these were allowed to banks and not reopen. under the mattress, • Made in March 1933. in a series of ‘Fireside chats’ on the radio. Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC) • Granted long term mortgages (20-25 years) • Tried to refinance home to over 1 million people owners mortgages so that who faced the loss of their they would not be victims homes. of foreclosure. • June 1933 Federal Housing Administration (FHA) • Gave help to a number of people say they could • Tried to improve housing afford a down payment on standards and conditions. a house and so could get on the property ladder. • Regulated the interest rate on mortgages so it wouldn’t suddenly rise. • 1934 Rural Electrification Administration (REA) • Loaned money to local electricity companies to • The USA was lagging get them working on significantly behind projects to get electricity Europe in ensuring that all to rural areas. farmland areas had access to electricity. • 288,000 more Houses had • Only 10% of rural Electricity by farmhouses had electricity 1939. in 1930. Started in 1936. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) • Brought to justice many sellers found to have • Made sure that all stocks committed fraud during and shares sales had to the Wall Street Crash. be disclosed publicly. • Looked into all Wall Street businesses and tried to clear up any corruption. • Started 1934. Social Security Administration (SSA) • Also gave out retirement benefits monthly to those • Started to give out who had earned it. benefits people out of work. The first recipient • Ida May Fuller got a was a man called Ernest pension $22.54 from Ackerman who got 17 1940. cents in 1937. • 1935. Farm Security Administration (FSA) • Helped 455,000 farming families. • Undertook rural rehabilitation efforts to • Widened awareness of improve the lifestyles of their problems through a poor farmers. photography scheme that showed the people in • Purchased land owned by towns how tough times poor farmers and resettled were. them on group farms. • September 1937. Fair Labour Standard Act (FLSA) • Guaranteed time and a half for overtime in certain • Established a national jobs. minimum wage in 1938 • This minimum wage was • Banned employers from 20 cents (Around £3.85 in using ‘oppressive child today’s money) labour’ • 1938 FERA REA SSA FLSA FSA EBA AAA FCA CWA PWA HOLC NRA TVA WPA FHA SEC Look at this source below. What does it suggest about the New deal? What does How is the the Pump tax payer and water presented? represent? why? Why is it What leaking? does this suggest? Who would agree with this? Library of congress archives from the Columbus Dispatch (1935) From the sources below identify the attitude to the New Deal Who is What this? comparison is being made? What does this suggest? Who would agree with this? http://www.fdrlibrary.marist.edu/index.html.
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