DOCSLIB.ORG

1 Appendix 3 List of All Individuals of the Austrian Species

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
1 Appendix 3 List of All Individuals of the Austrian Species Appendix 3 List of all individuals of the Austrian species of the Colletes succinctus group used for pollen analysis, listed by species. The list includes ID number, species, site and date of capture as well as the flower it was captured on. The filling ratio of the pollen loads was determined between one and five, whereby one defined few pollen grains on the hind legs and five determined fully loaded hind legs and propodeum. The percentage of the respective proportion of pollen types (Araliaceae, Asteraceae tubuliflorae, Asteraceae liguliflorae, Ericaceae, Resedaceae, Rutaceae, undetermined tricolporate/reticulate pollen and others) is indicated. Different colours were selected for the pollen types identified down to species level: (blue) Tripolium pannonicum, (brown) Hedera helix, (purple) Calluna vulgaris. The term "others" was used for pollen up to 5% content in a package to prevent a shift of values due to contamination. Individuals marked with a red question mark could not be assigned to an exact species. Others e ID Genus Species site Collection on Collected ratio Filling Araliaceae Asteracea tubuliflorae liguliflorae Asteraceae Ericaceae Resedaceae Rutaceae tricolporate/reticulate Undetermined Asteraceae Ericaceae Rutaceae 190 Colletes brevigena NÖ - Ollersdorf Reseda sp. 1 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 97.7% 0.0% 0.0% 2.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 1 Colletes collaris NÖ - Bisamberg --- 1 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 3 Colletes collaris NÖ - Bisamberg --- 2 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 4 Colletes collaris NÖ - Bisamberg --- 3 0.0% 33.3% 0.0% 0.0% 36.7% 0.0% 30.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 5 Colletes collaris NÖ - Bisamberg --- 4 0.0% 33.3% 0.0% 0.0% 66.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 6 Colletes collaris NÖ - Bisamberg --- 3 0.0% 32.0% 16.0% 0.0% 46.0% 0.0% 0.0% 2.67% + 3.33% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 7 Colletes collaris NÖ - Bisamberg --- 5 0.0% 66.7% 0.0% 0.0% 33.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% NÖ - 9 Colletes collaris --- 2 0.0% 78.3% 0.0% 0.0% 21.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Seeberg, Langenlois 10 Colletes collaris NÖ - Engabrunner Heide --- 2 0.0% 76.7% 0.0% 0.0% 23.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 11 Colletes collaris NÖ - Ollersdorf --- 5 0.0% 43.3% 56.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% BGL - 191 Colletes collaris --- 5 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Neusiedlersee /Seehafen BGL - 192 Colletes collaris --- 3 0.0% 81.7% 18.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Neusiedlersee /Seehafen BGL - 193 Colletes collaris --- 5 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Neusiedlersee /Seehafen 195 Colletes collaris NÖ - Ollersdorf Reseda sp. 2 0.0% 21.3% 0.0% 0.0% 77.3% 0.0% 0.0% 1.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% NÖ - 29 Colletes hederae --- 5 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Hainburg/Hundsheimer Berg NÖ - 30 Colletes hederae --- 5 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Hainburg/Hundsheimer Berg 1 198 Colletes hederae W - Stammersdorf/Kallusweg Hedera helix 1 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 199 Colletes hederae W - Donaupark Hedera helix 5 90.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 9.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 200 Colletes hederae W - Donaupark Hedera helix 4 94.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 6.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 201 Colletes hederae W - Donaupark Hedera helix 4 61.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 38.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 203 Colletes hederae W - Donaupark Hedera helix 5 95.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 5.0% 204 Colletes hederae W - Donaupark Hedera helix 5 83.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 16.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 205 Colletes hederae W - Donaupark Hedera helix 4 54.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 45.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 206 Colletes hederae W - Donaupark Hedera helix 3 72.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 27.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 207 Colletes hederae W - Donaupark Hedera helix 5 77.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 22.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 208 Colletes hederae W - Donaupark Hedera helix 5 73.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 26.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 209 Colletes hederae W - Donaupark Hedera helix 5 74.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 25.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 210 Colletes hederae W - Donaupark Hedera helix 4 84.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 16.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 211 Colletes hederae W - Donaupark Hedera helix 4 42.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 57.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 212 Colletes hederae W - Donaupark Hedera helix 2 45.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 54.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 213 Colletes hederae W - Donaupark Hedera helix 3 71.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 28.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 214 Colletes hederae W - Donaupark Hedera helix 5 75.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 24.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 215 Colletes hederae W - Donaupark Hedera helix 4 68.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 31.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 216 Colletes hederae W - Donaupark Hedera helix 4 52.9% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 47.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 217 Colletes hederae W - Donaupark Hedera helix 5 50.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 50.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 219 Colletes hederae W - Donaupark Hedera helix 4 46.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 53.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 221 Colletes hederae OÖ - Linz --- 2 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% W - 225 Colletes hederae --- 1 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% St. Bartholomäus Platz 228 Colletes hederae W - Duchekgasse --- 1 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% W - 229 Colletes hederae --- 4 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% St. Bartholomäus Platz 230 Colletes hederae W - Duchekgasse --- 2 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 165 Colletes pannonicus BGL - Illmitz/Hölle --- 3 0.0% 98.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 2.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 172 Colletes pannonicus BGL - Podersdorf --- 1 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 173 Colletes pannonicus BGL - Podersdorf --- 2 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 2 BGL - 232 Colletes pannonicus --- 2 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Neusiedlersee/Seehafen BGL - 233 Colletes pannonicus --- 2 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Neusiedlersee/Seehafen 81 Colletes succinctus NÖ - Retz Calluna 2 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% vulgaris 82 Colletes succinctus NÖ - Retz Calluna 3 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% vulgaris 83 Colletes succinctus NÖ - Retz Calluna 3 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% vulgaris 84 Colletes succinctus NÖ - Retz Calluna 4 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% vulgaris 85 Colletes succinctus NÖ - Retz Calluna 2 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% vulgaris 86 Colletes succinctus NÖ - Retz Calluna 3 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% vulgaris 87 Colletes succinctus NÖ - Retz Calluna 1 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% vulgaris 88 Colletes succinctus NÖ - Retz Calluna 2 0.0% 0.0% 13.7% 86.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% vulgaris 89 Colletes succinctus NÖ - Ollersdorf --- 1 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 99.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.3% 0.0% 0.0% 90 Colletes succinctus NÖ - Ollersdorf --- 1 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 99.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 91 Colletes succinctus NÖ - Retz Reseda sp.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Mating Cluster Behaviour in the Solitary Bee Colletes Succinctus
    To confirm species identification a small sample was Mating cluster behaviour in the collected in 2006 when the population reappeared. The identity was established from a male specimen whose solitary bee Colletes succinctus morphological characters, including features in the (Linn.), Hymenoptera, Colletidae genitalia, match those of Colletes succinctus , the girdled Colletes (Saunders, 1896; Step, 1946). This is 1 1 a common species on heaths and commons and usually Pauline Lang , E. Geoffrey Hancock , Kevin forages on heather. 1 2 J. Murphy & Robert L. Watt 1Division of Environmental Biology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland G12 8QQ 2Bogendreip Farm, Strachan, Banchory, Kincardineshire, Scotland AB31 6LP In August 2005, during a botanical freshwater survey of the Water of Dye, a tributary of the River Dee at the Bridge of Bogendreip, Kincardineshire (NGR: NO 662910), our attention was drawn to the behaviour of a population of solitary bees. These bees were occupying plots of soil in the garden of Bogendreip Farm (Fig 1). Only in the last few years had Mr. Watt Fig. 2. Mating cluster in Colletes succinctus. observed the bees and not previously, in his more than fifty years of farm occupancy. The bees were A related species, Colletes hederae (Schmidt & subsequently identified as Colletes succinctus (Linn.). Westrich), the ivy bee, has been observed to form small knots of males when competing for females. A The bees had colonized extensive areas of sandy soils coloured photograph of a small group is shown in adjacent to the farmhouse, in which hundreds of Moenen (2005). Other species of the genus also individual nests formed two main “villages” with exhibit mating clusters.
    [Show full text]
  • Scottish Bees
    Scottish Bees Introduction to bees Bees are fascinating insects that can be found in a broad range of habitats from urban gardens to grasslands and wetlands. There are over 270 species of bee in the UK in 6 families - 115 of these have been recorded in Scotland, with 4 species now thought to be extinct and insufficient data available for another 2 species. Bees are very diverse, varying in size, tongue-length and flower preference. In the UK we have 1 species of honey bee, 24 species of bumblebee and the rest are solitary bees. They fulfil an essential ecological and environmental role as one of the most significant groups of pollinating insects, all of which we depend upon for the pollination of 80% of our wild and cultivated plants. Some flowers are in fact designed specifically for bee pollination, to the exclusion of generalist pollinators. Bees and their relatives Bees are classified in the complex insect order Hymenoptera (meaning membrane-winged), which also includes many kinds of parasitic wasps, gall wasps, hunting wasps, ants and sawflies. There are about 150,000 species of Hymenoptera known worldwide separated into two sub-orders. The first is the most primitive sub-order Symphyta which includes the sawflies and their relatives, lacking a wasp-waist and generally with free-living caterpillar-like larvae. The second is the sub-order Apocrita, which includes the ants, bees and wasps which are ’wasp-waisted’ and have grub-like larvae that develop within hosts, galls or nests. The sub-order Apocrita is in turn divided into two sections, the Parasitica and Aculeata.
    [Show full text]
  • Bees and Wasps of the East Sussex South Downs
    A SURVEY OF THE BEES AND WASPS OF FIFTEEN CHALK GRASSLAND AND CHALK HEATH SITES WITHIN THE EAST SUSSEX SOUTH DOWNS Steven Falk, 2011 A SURVEY OF THE BEES AND WASPS OF FIFTEEN CHALK GRASSLAND AND CHALK HEATH SITES WITHIN THE EAST SUSSEX SOUTH DOWNS Steven Falk, 2011 Abstract For six years between 2003 and 2008, over 100 site visits were made to fifteen chalk grassland and chalk heath sites within the South Downs of Vice-county 14 (East Sussex). This produced a list of 227 bee and wasp species and revealed the comparative frequency of different species, the comparative richness of different sites and provided a basic insight into how many of the species interact with the South Downs at a site and landscape level. The study revealed that, in addition to the character of the semi-natural grasslands present, the bee and wasp fauna is also influenced by the more intensively-managed agricultural landscapes of the Downs, with many species taking advantage of blossoming hedge shrubs, flowery fallow fields, flowery arable field margins, flowering crops such as Rape, plus plants such as buttercups, thistles and dandelions within relatively improved pasture. Some very rare species were encountered, notably the bee Halictus eurygnathus Blüthgen which had not been seen in Britain since 1946. This was eventually recorded at seven sites and was associated with an abundance of Greater Knapweed. The very rare bees Anthophora retusa (Linnaeus) and Andrena niveata Friese were also observed foraging on several dates during their flight periods, providing a better insight into their ecology and conservation requirements.
    [Show full text]
  • The Bees of the Genus Colletes (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Colletidae) from China
    Zootaxa 3856 (4): 451–483 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2014 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3856.4.1 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:76364451-1292-4506-893D-90E626657578 The Bees of the Genus Colletes (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Colletidae) from China ZE-QING NIU1, CHAO-DONG ZHU1,3 & MICHAEL KUHLMANN2,3 1Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, P. R. China. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] 2 Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, United Kingdom. E-mail: [email protected] 3Corresponding author Abstract Available information about the bees of the genus Colletes from China is summarized. Currently, 66 species are recorded from China, of which two species, Colletes linzhiensis sp. nov. and C. spinatus sp. nov., are described as new. Type spec- imens are deposited in the Insect Collection of the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. Thirteen species are recorded for China for the first time: C. edentuloides Kuhlmann, 2011, C. pauljohni Kuhlmann, 2002, C. tuberculatus Morawitz, 1894, C. annapurnensis Kuhlmann, 2002, C. laevigena Noskiewicz, 1936, C. annejohnae Kuhlmann, 2003, C. eous Morice, 1904, C. squamosus Morawitz, 1879, C. wollmanni Noskiewicz, 1936, C. bhutanicus Kuhlmann, 2003, C. kaszabi Kuhlmann, 2002, C. uralensis Noskiewicz, 1936, and C. dorni Kuhlmann, 2002. The male of C. edentuloides Kuhlmann, 2011 and the female of C.
    [Show full text]
  • Serves As a Model, to Show, That Solitary Bees and Their Essential Needs Must Be Considered Before the Implementation of the Measure
    serves as a model, to show, that solitary bees and their essential needs must be considered before the implementation of the measure. At this habitat the characteristic heather-bees (Colletes succinctus and Andrena fuscipes) and their cuckoo bees (Epeolus cruciger and Nomada rufipes) were present. However, the local population included only a low number of individuals, with an imbalanced host-parasite relation. Maintenance measure of heather (mowing, grazing, burning or mechanical measures like “Schoppern, Abplaggen”) interfere massively with the needs of the characteristic heather-bee species and can destroy the habitats (pollen-, nectar-resources and nesting sites) for many years. The needs of the local solitary bee population must be considerate for any maintenance measure of habitats, as this case study revealed; otherwise the local population of solitary bees might diminish. Plant protection, pollination Pflanzenschutz, Bestäubung 2. BICOPOLL - Targeted precision biocontrol and pollination enhancement in organic cropping systems. Dr. Otto Boecking, Victoria Kreipe (Celle) Organic berry and fruit production suffers heavily from the lack of effective disease and pest management tools, and from inadequate insect pollination at times. As a consequence, the expanding demand on organic berries cannot be filled today. BICOPOLL expects to change this, and to significantly improve the yield and quality of organic fruit and berry production and thus, farm economics. We will use bees to (i) target deliver biological control agents to the flowers of the target crops to provide control of problem diseases, and to (ii) improve the pollination of organic horticultural crops. We will provide a pan-European case study on protecting organic strawberry from its most important disease, the grey mould.
    [Show full text]
  • The Evolutionary History of the Cellophane Bee Genus Colletes
    Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 146 (2020) 106750 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev The evolutionary history of the cellophane bee genus Colletes Latreille T (Hymenoptera: Colletidae): Molecular phylogeny, biogeography and implications for a global infrageneric classification ⁎ Rafael R. Ferraria, , Thomas M. Onuferkoa,b, Spencer K. Moncktona, Laurence Packera a Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, York University, 4700 Keele St., Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada b The Beaty Centre for Species Discovery, Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa, ON K1P 6P4, Canada ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Colletes Latreille (Hymenoptera: Colletidae) is a diverse genus with 518 valid species distributed in all biogeo- Apoidea graphic realms, except Australasia and Antarctica. Here we provide a comprehensive dated phylogeny for Colletinae Colletes based on Bayesian and maximum likelihood-based analyses of DNA sequence data of six loci: 28S rDNA, Dated phylogeny cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1, elongation factor-1α copy F2, long-wavelength rhodopsin, RNA polymerase II Geodispersal and wingless. In total, our multilocus matrix consists of 4824 aligned base pairs for 143 species, including 112 Historical biogeography Colletes species plus 31 outgroups (one stenotritid and a diverse array of colletids representing all subfamilies). Systematics Overall, analyses of each of the six single-locus datasets resulted in poorly resolved consensus trees with con- flicting phylogenetic signal. However, our analyses of the multilocus matrix provided strong support forthe monophyly of Colletes and show that it can be subdivided into five major clades. The implications of our phy- logenetic results for future attempts at infrageneric classification for the Colletes of the world are discussed.
    [Show full text]
  • Pseudo-Oligolecty in Colletes Hederae (Apidae-Colletinae, Hymenoptera) 
    © Biologiezentrum Linz, download www.zobodat.at Linzer biol. Beitr. 47/1 301-306 31.7.2015 Pseudo-oligolecty in Colletes hederae (Apidae-Colletinae, Hymenoptera) Herwig TEPPNER & Ursula BROSCH Abstract:Colletes hederae SCHMIDT & WESTRICH, 1993 females collect pollen from a number of different plant families at the beginning of the activity period (own observations and literature). Later, when Hedera helix is fully in bloom, it was believed for a long time, that the bee restricts its gathering to Hedera. However, at the peak of Hedera anthesis, C. hederae favours flowers of Rhus chinensis (Anacardiaceae) and Fallopia japonica (Polygonaceae), and others. Thus C. hederae is clearly polylectic with a binding to Hedera only caused due to environmental factors, i.e. the lack or insufficient presence of other attractive nectar and pollen sources. For this behaviour the term pseudo-oligolecty is proposed. K e y w o r d s : Hymenoptera, Apidae, Colletes hederae, Colletidae, pollen collection, pollen transport, propodeum-corbiculae, monolecty, oligolecty, polylecty, pseudo- oligolecty Introduction Colletes hederae SCHMIDT & WESTRICH, 1993 was observed for the first time in Styria in 2008 (TEPPNER & al. 2009). Since then, the species was observed regularly every year. So some additions can be given, especially information about the range of visited flowers. U. BROSCH contributed the analyses of pollen loads whereas the first author is responsible for the other parts of the paper. Material and methods Additionally to the voucher specimens mentioned in TEPPNER & al. (2009) 21 specimens from Graz and one from Vienna are deposited in the first author's collection. Pollen for analyses of pollen loads was taken from specimens in the collection or from live bees after cooling.
    [Show full text]
  • Gender Specific Brood Cells in the Solitary Bee Colletes Halophilus (Hymenoptera; Colletidae)
    J Insect Behav DOI 10.1007/s10905-009-9188-x Gender Specific Brood Cells in the Solitary Bee Colletes halophilus (Hymenoptera; Colletidae) Eveline F. Rooijakkers & Marinus J. Sommeijer Revised: 13 February 2009 /Accepted: 24 June 2009 # The Author(s) 2009. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract We studied the reproductive behaviour of the solitary bee Colletes halophilus based on the variation in cell size, larval food amount and larval sex in relation to the sexual size dimorphism in this bee. Brood cells with female larvae are larger and contain more larval food than cells with males. Occasionally males are reared in female-sized cells. We conclude that a female C. halophilus in principal anticipates the sex of her offspring at the moment brood cell construction is started. Additionally a female is able to ‘change her mind’ about the sex of her offspring during a single brood cell cycle. We present a model that can predict the sex of the larvae in an early stage of development. Keywords Bee . Colletes halophilus . sexual dimorphism . cell size . larval food . nesting Introduction Colletes halophilus Verhoeff (Hymenoptera; Colletidae) is a short-tongued mining bee, which may nest in large aggregations (Westrich 1989). This bee belongs to the Colletes succinctus group, among others with C. succinctus and C. hederae. The taxonomic and evolutionary position of this and related species is still subject of study (Kuhlmann et al. 2007). Colletes halophilus occurs in tidal areas with brackish water. The flight season in The Netherlands is from August up to mid October (Peeters et al.
    [Show full text]
  • The Bee Fauna of the South Wales Coalfield
    The Bee Fauna of the South Wales Coalfield By Liam Olds Colliery Spoil Biodiversity Initiative The South Wales coalfield is the largest continuous coalfield in Great Britain. It has an area of approximately 1000 square miles. Tylorstown Colliery, Rhondda Fach Source: Northern Mine Research Society *Please note that the data contained here is not an exhaustive list They’ve gone from this……. Tylorstown Tip, 05/08/1971 ©MaryGillhamArchives ….to this!!! Gelli Coal Tips, 16/08/2016 (Photo: Liam Olds) What is a bee? Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Arthropoda (from Greek arthro-, joint + podos, foot) Class: Insecta (3-part body, 3 pairs of legs) Order: Hymenoptera (two pairs of membranous wings and an ovipositor specialized for stinging or piercing) Superfamily: Apoidea Family: Andrenidae, Apidae, Colletidae, Halictidae, Megachilidae, Melittidae • Around 250 species in the UK → social bees (bumblebees & the honeybee) account for around one-tenth of that figure → remainder are solitary • Quarter of bees are ‘cuckoos’ of other bee species In cuckoo solitary bees: female enters host nest and lays an egg. When the egg of the cuckoo bee hatches, the grub eats the egg/young grub of the host and uses the food provisions for its own development. Steven Falk's Flickr Collection for Hymenoptera In cuckoo bumblebees: Female enters a host nest, replaces the queen (by killing or subduing her) and then occupies the nest for the rest of its cycle. Workers become slaves. Moss carder bee (Bombus muscorum) ©Steven Falk Larger and are always covered with dense hair Vary considerably in size, appearance and where they choose to nest. Do not have pollen baskets Megachile willughbiella ©Steven Falk Andrena flavipes ©Steven Falk Some species (leafcutter and mason bees) collect pollen Most collect pollen on their legs on specialised hairs (scopa) on the underneath of their abdomen.
    [Show full text]
  • 0881NC Revised.Pub
    Journal of Apicultural Research and Bee World 48(3): 149-155 (2009) © IBRA 2009 DOI 10.3896/IBRA.1.48.3.01 ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE Larval food composition and food plants of the solitary bee Colletes halophilus (Hymenoptera: Colletidae) Marinus J. Sommeijer1*, Eveline F. Rooijakkers1, Chiel Jacobusse2 and Jacob D. Kerkvliet1 1Behavioural Biology, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80.086, 3508 TB, Utrecht, the Netherlands. 2Stichting Het Zeeuwse Landschap, the Netherlands. Received 10 July 2008, accepted subject to revision 24 January 2009, accepted for publication 2 April 2009. *Corresponding author: Email: [email protected] Summary The pollen component of the larval food of Colletes halophilus, studied in four nature reserves in the Netherlands, was strongly dominated by Aster tripolium. The liquid component of the larval food contained high concentrations of sugars (glucose and fructose), far more than could be supplied by A. tripolium pollen present in the food. This indicates that in addition to pollen, considerable amounts of nectar were collected from this plant. The larval food showed hydrogen peroxide production. We did not, however, find this in pollen collected directly from A. tripolium flowers. We conclude that females of C. halophilus produce the enzyme glucose oxidase and add this to larval food. This is the first such finding for solitary bees. The apparent dependency of C. halophilus on A. tripolium has implications for the conservation management of this solitary bee. Composición del alimento larval y plantas alimenticias de la abeja solitaria Colletes halophilus (Hymenoptera: Colletidae) Resumen Se estudió la composición polínica del alimento larval de Colletes halophilus, en cuatro reservas naturales de los Países Bajos, encontrándose una fuerte dominancia de Aster tripolium.
    [Show full text]
  • British Phenological Records Indicate High Diversity and Extinction Rates Among Late­Summer­Flying Pollinators
    British phenological records indicate high diversity and extinction rates among late-summer-flying pollinators Article (Accepted Version) Balfour, Nicholas J, Ollerton, Jeff, Castellanos, Maria Clara and Ratnieks, Francis L W (2018) British phenological records indicate high diversity and extinction rates among late-summer-flying pollinators. Biological Conservation, 222. pp. 278-283. ISSN 0006-3207 This version is available from Sussex Research Online: http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/75609/ This document is made available in accordance with publisher policies and may differ from the published version or from the version of record. If you wish to cite this item you are advised to consult the publisher’s version. Please see the URL above for details on accessing the published version. Copyright and reuse: Sussex Research Online is a digital repository of the research output of the University. Copyright and all moral rights to the version of the paper presented here belong to the individual author(s) and/or other copyright owners. To the extent reasonable and practicable, the material made available in SRO has been checked for eligibility before being made available. Copies of full text items generally can be reproduced, displayed or performed and given to third parties in any format or medium for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge, provided that the authors, title and full bibliographic details are credited, a hyperlink and/or URL is given for the original metadata page and the content is not changed in any way. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk 1 British phenological records indicate high diversity and extinction 2 rates among late-summer-flying pollinators 3 4 5 Nicholas J.
    [Show full text]
  • Bees at Bedgebury by Ian Beavis, Research Curator at the Tunbridge Wells Museum & Art Gallery Bedgebury Is Not Just About Trees and Woodland
    Bees at Bedgebury by Ian Beavis, Research Curator at the Tunbridge Wells Museum & Art Gallery Bedgebury is not just about trees and woodland. The Pinetum supports a rich variety of freshwater and open habitats, each with its own special range of plants and animals. Particularly important from a conservation perspective are areas of flower-rich grassland and heathland. Both are habitats which have declined disastrously in the wider countryside as a result of agricultural ‘improvements’ in the post-war era. In the agricultural landscape, old ‘unimproved’ meadows rich in wild flowers and associated insect life have for the most part been ploughed up and replaced with a monoculture of rye-grass that excludes most other plants. Bees, being dependent on nectar and pollen include the extraordinary long-horned bee, from flowers for feeding and foraging for their Eucera longicornis, in which the males have young, are among the groups of insects that remarkably long antennae that are assumed have suffered most from the loss of open to be used in courtship display. They can be flower-rich habitats, and their survival in places quite conspicuous in May or June, making like Bedgebury gives us a glimpse of what we their persistent, low, mate-searching flights have lost from the countryside at large. over the red and white clovers on which both sexes feed. Like many solitary bees, the long- Bedgebury supports at least 11 of Britain’s horned bee nests in deep burrows which it 25 species of bumblebees – most of which excavates in the soil. are social insects like the familiar honey- bee, living in colonies with large numbers Many solitary bees have distinct – and of sterile females or workers who rear the sometimes exclusive – preferences for the offspring of a single queen.
    [Show full text]