B.8 Subdivision and Development Issues

Home , Kapiti Coast, Paekakariki, Peka Peka, Te Horo, Waikanae

B.8 SUBDIVISION AND DEVELOPMENT ISSUES

B.8.1 General

Subdivision and consequent development has a significant effect on the character of the district. Subdivision design and density is a significant factor determining the availability of resources for activities and the character of urban form. It also creates expectations by landowners that they can further develop their land and utilise services and community resources. The approach taken in the District Plan regarding subdivision and development must be seen in the context of the response to urban growth arising from the Strategic Plan and the consequences of long-term planning options.

B.8.2 Urban Growth

The district has an abundance of land zoned for residential, commercial and industrial development. In producing the District Plan, Council gave consideration to various options with regard to growth, varying from introducing a moratorium on development to increasing the existing residentially zoned areas to accommodate as much growth as possible. Council decided to retain essentially the same area of land zoned residential as is currently in the Transitional District Plan. This approach enables growth to continue for at least the next fifteen years, but for Council to review the situation ten years hence.

An important part of the strategy adopted by Council is the creation of green belts within and between existing communities. Future growth is to be based on Raumati, Paraparaumu, Waikanae and Otaki, with Paekakariki to be retained as a unique village centre. Also the settlements of Te Horo and Peka Peka are expected to retain their special characteristics. Further subdivision of Te Horo Beach beyond the urban area is not envisaged. Any further subdivision at Peka Peka will be of a low density due to the unavailability of Council services and also the desirability of retaining the existing character of this area.

B.8.3 Significant Issues

The significant resource management issues that have emerged relate to subdivision and development in residential and rural environments. The focus of the issues is different in these two areas. The cumulative effects of subdivision and development on the service infrastructure are also an important issue in respect of all environments of the district. The effects of subdivision and development of and on the transport infrastructure are also significant (refer B.19). The appropriate design of subdivision and development can ensure that the transport and service infrastructure (where appropriate) is provided in an efficient manner and enables convenient and environmentally safe usage by residents and businesses. The effects of subdivision and development in residential areas relate primarily to the landscape and amenity values of the built environment, and impacts on the service infrastructure. The significant effects are more in terms of the attractiveness and convenience of the areas as a living space. Effects

KAPITI COAST DISTRICT COUNCIL B - 20 DISTRICT PLAN Map 18 Districtwide and Urban Plan Zones

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Scale 1.30,0001 A3

NORTH Map 18 Districtwide and Urban Plan Features

LEGEND C.2: RURAL ZONE

C.2 RURAL ZONE

The rural environment as a whole comprises the bulk of the district. The Rural Zone together with the Conservation Zone which is rural in nature and location contain over 90% of the land area of the district. Less than 10 % of the population of the district live in the Rural Zone. The built environment is dominated by the character and scale of the natural landscape. The values of the natural landscape and ecological processes are at the forefront of many resource management issues. The environmental effects of activities tend to be more indirect and subtle in rural areas because of the scale of the environment affected. Consequently there is concern more with the cumulative long-term effects of activity than the immediate impacts on the environment. These effects can be managed through the District Plan by controls on the scale and intensity of land use activities and recognition of the character and values of the natural environment.

The objectives and policies set out below in C.2.1 are intended to address the significant resource management issues identified in B.3. The related subdivision and development issues in B.8 are addressed in C.7.

C.2.1 Objectives & Policies

OBJECTIVE 1.0 -GENERAL

ENSURE THAT ANY ADVERSE EFFECTS OF ACTIVITIES ON THE NATURAL AND PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT OF RURAL AREAS AND OF RURAL BASED ACTIVITIES BEYOND THIS ENVIRONMENT ARE AVOIDED, REMEDIED OR MITIGATED WITH PARTICULAR REGARD TO SUSTAINING THE LIFE SUPPORTING CAPACITY OF THE RESOURCES OF THE LAND TO MEET THE NEEDS OF FUTURE GENERATIONS.

The Resource Management Act 1991 (RMA) requires Council to promote the sustainable management of the district's natural and physical resources. Sustainable management means managing rural activities so that they both meet peoples social, economic and cultural needs and the adverse effects on the environment are avoided, remedied or mitigated. This requires a balanced approach so that both requirements can be met.

The qualities of the Kapiti Coast District's rural environment have encouraged a diversity of activities with varying impacts on the environment. While they are interrelated, the environmental effects, for example, of horticultural land use are distinct from the effects of quarries and forestry operations. The effects can also vary greatly in scale between and for particular activities. For example, the effects of lifestyle developments can range from the immediate visual impacts of one dwelling to the cumulative impact of many such buildings on a larger

KAPITI COAST DISTRICT COUNCIL C2 -1 DISTRICT PLAN C.2: RURAL ZONE

scale on the landscape and associated open space values. A single horticultural enterprise can have impacts on a neighbouring residence through spray drift of hazardous chemicals. A large number of horticultural units together can have adverse impacts on the groundwater resource of an area. The environmental effects of some rural activities are interrelated to and are inseparable from issues of conflicting land resource requirements for other activities. The development of non-productive land uses, such as dwellings on land with good soils can result in this finite resource being reduced or damaged or unavailable to meet the foreseeable economic needs of future generations of the District's communities.

To achieve this objective , Council will implement the following policies ( refer to C.7.2):

POLICY 1(A) - NATURAL ENVIRONMENT - IDENTIFICATION AND PROTECTION

Identify and protect areas of significant indigenous vegetation and significant habitats of indigenous fauna.

The number of areas of significant indigenous vegetation and habitats is small. This is largely due to past practices of clear felling of forest, land drainage and conversion to pasture. Many of these trees and habitats are still subject to damage by grazing of animals and what remains are mature trees which are not being replaced by new growth. It is therefore very important to protect and enhance the remaining significant indigenous vegetation and habitats.

POLICY 1(B) - NATURAL ENVIRONMENT - USE AND DEVELOPMENT

Ensure the adverse effects of rural use and development on the natural environment are avoided , remedied or mitigated.

Activities in the rural zone can generate adverse effects on the natural environment. Maintaining the life-supporting capacity of ecosystems in the environment extends beyond protecting a few special ecosystems. Ecosystems and ecological processes encompass the whole district. The Council shall take account of the need to maintain the integrity of ecosystems for their intrinsic value, and for their contribution to the natural character in the zone.

Standards have been imposed to control the effects of activities on natural and ecological resources. These standards apply to such matters as earthworks, the removal of native vegetation, controlling the location of activities on site, and hazardous substances. Reserves, buffer zones and riparian strips may also be used to preserve and enhance ecological integrity.

KAPITI COAST DISTRICT COUNCIL C2 - 2 DISTRICT PLAN C.2: RURAL ZONE

POLICY 2 - OUTSTANDING LANDSCAPES

Maintain, enhance and protect the district's outstanding landscapes in the Rural Zone from inappropriate subdivision , use and development.

The district's rural landscape is an important element of character of the Kapiti Coast. The rural landscape contributes to people's appreciation of the area and the quality of life experienced by both rural and town dwellers. The Kapiti Coast has a number of areas of landscape value which could be at risk from inappropriate subdivision, use and development, in particular from obtrusive building development. This needs to be controlled to protect the landscapes (Refer to Part C.10 landscapes for list of outstanding landscapes and the Planning Maps).

POLICY 3 - PRODUCTION FORESTRY

Control production forestry to avoid , remedy or mitigate any adverse effects on the environment.

Forestry, particularly felling, can have adverse effects on the environment. This includes siltation of watercourses and damage to roads and damage to Amended archaeological sites resulting from large scale earthworks. One way to reduce Change 64(C) or avoid these adverse effects is for foresters to have regard to the New 9/5/11 Zealand Environmental Code of Practice for Plantation Forestry in undertaking development. This code outlines the environmental planning procedures to reduce adverse effects. It recommends "methods of reducing adverse impacts". If foresters adopt these methods to reduce the adverse impacts (effects) of forestry on the environment, Council could permit the forestry development and operations.

Amended POLICY 4 - EXTRACTIVE ACTIVITIES, INTENSIVE FARMING, RURAL Change 2 INDUSTRY, SHELTER BELTS AND PLANTATIONS, TOURISM ACTIVITIES 16/05/01 AND SETTLEMENTS BASED ON COMMUNITY FACILITIES Control the adverse effects of intensive farming , shelter belts and plantations, home occupations and non rural activities on the physical and natural environment of rural areas and adjacent residential areas and amenity values of these areas.

All of the above activities if not controlled can have adverse effects on the rural environment. Examples include traffic hazard, visual, water and air pollution and damage to archaeological sites resulting from large scale earthworks. This includes effects of landuse activities on finite resources and the physical impact on the environment and on the amenity values which the environment provides for residents and other people in rural areas. It is therefore necessary to require that these meet minimum performance standards to ensure that these adverse effects are avoided, remedied or mitigated. Regard should also be given to the requirements of the Wellington Regional Council in relation to discharges to land, water and air.

KAPITI COAST DISTRICT COUNCIL C2 - 3 DISTRICT PLAN C.2: RURAL ZONE

POLICY 5 - ROADSIDE STALLS/RETAIL OUTLETS

Avoid and minimise adverse effects of roadside stalls /retail outlets in rural areas on the safety and efficiency of the roading network and amenity values of rural areas , with particular regard to:

• The traffic hazards of further roadside stalls /retail outlets being established fronting major roads with vehicle volumes exceeding 10,000 vpd.

• Effect on the environmental character and associated values of retail activities which have no rural origin or relationship to farming activities in the locality.

• Effect of inappropriate provision of access and carparking for roadside stalls/retail outlets and excessively large and/or visually distracting signage and sales areas and associated buildings.

To avoid, remedy or mitigate any adverse effects resulting from roadside stalls and retail outlets. While retail outlets selling rural produce can be of significant benefit to the district their effects on traffic must be controlled. For this reason it is considered imperative to not only restrict further retail outlets/stalls fronting State Highway I and restrict the range of produce sold, but to require sufficient onsite parking and limit the size and location of the stalls/retail outlets.

POLICY 6 - SCHOOLS

Enable the maximum utilisation of school buildings , grounds and hall activities within the Rural Zone where any adverse effects are avoided, remedied or mitigated.

Plan provisions will enable maximum use to be made of these community assets. For existing facilities where effects are known or accepted the effects of additional activities within these should generally be readily accommodated. Provided the effects of the activities do not detract from environmental amenity and the community use is ancillary to the main designated use, it should be permitted subject to compliance with certain performance standards.

KAPITI COAST DISTRICT COUNCIL C2 - 4 DISTRICT PLAN C.2: RURAL ZONE

Amended POLICY 7A - TOURIST ACTIVITY PRECINCT Change 57 20/01/06 Identify and provide for the comprehensive development of the Tourist Activity Precinct for education, entertainment, tourist and leisure related activities where adverse effects , in particular, effects arising from building design and location , traffic, flooding, and signage on the rural environment are avoided , remedied or mitigated.

The Tourist Activity Precinct is located adjacent to State Highway I to the north of the urban area of Paraparaumu. The precinct is an area where a variety of tourist related activities have been established and the development of a comprehensive range of tourist, leisure, entertainment and educational activities has long been planned and is proceeding.

Further access to, and intensification of existing direct access to State Highway One must be discouraged to avoid significant traffic hazards. Furthermore, signs which are visible from State Highway One pose a significant Traffic Hazard and are disruptive to the amenity of the area.

Sales of any goods are appropriate where they are supportive to the main purpose of tourism, leisure, education, and entertainment.

To preserve the character of the area it is necessary to ensure that the precinct maintains a basically tourist and rural orientated environment and does not develop as an industrial estate or retail centre.

All development in the Tourist Activity Precinct is controlled in order to maintain and enhance the rural and natural amenity of the Precinct and the surrounding rural area as a gateway to Paraparaumu.

Addition POLICY 7B Change 57 20/01/06 Ensure that developments in the Tourist Activity Precinct form part of an integrated concept plan that is sensitive to the rural and natural character of this unique high profile entrance to Paraparaumu, through the use of landscaping and high quality site and building design.

The area surrounding much of the precinct is rural in character with rural residential `lifestyle' lots. The rural character of this area is comprised of large areas of native bush, open paddocks with areas of exotic trees, low density building development, the presence of farm animals, and predominantly rural building materials, wood, stone, wire and corrugated iron.

All planting in the Tourist Activity Precinct should be of locally indigenous native species. This is to prevent exotic garden plants from compromising the native bush areas within and adjacent to the site. All planting adjacent to State Highway One should enhance corridor and build on the biodiversity of ecological sites within the and around the precinct.

The natural landform should be retained with minimal earthworks, particularly around waterways and low lying areas. Dense vegetation should be kept away from footpaths and cycleways to ensure public safety and use plants that allow views through in public areas.

KAPITI COAST DISTRICT COUNCIL C2 -5 DISTRICT PLAN C.2: RURAL ZONE

Large expansive areas of car parking within the Tourist Activity Precinct should be avoided and if required broken up with planting and located behind buildings.

Addition POLICY 7C Change 57 20/01/06 Signage for new buildings and freestanding signs in the Tourist Activity Precinct should not dominate the view of the precinct from the road and fit with the scale and character of the building it is attached to. Obscuring windows or other architectural features should be avoided.

Signage, particularly where visible from State Highway One should be rural in character. The use of `Natural `materials and themes with colours that fit into the rural environment are appropriate.

Signage should be combined where practicable to reduce visual clutter particularly on State Highway One.

POLICY 8

Require resource consent applications for buildings above the maximum height standard of 10 metres in the tourist activity precinct will be publicly notified

It is considered that buildings over 10 metres in height can have a visual effect beyond the local neighbourhood. It is important, therefore, that the public has an opportunity to comment on the design and location of "high rise" developments. It is also important that, because of their wide effects on the surrounding environment, their design is compatible with and enhances the amenity of the area. The community's input into these developments is, therefore, important.

POLICY 9 - PLACES OF ASSEMBLY

Ensure that the adverse effects of the establishment , use and occupation of places of assembly including clubrooms on the amenity values of the rural environment are avoided , remedied or mitigated.

While places of assembly are generally regarded as centres for a wide range of community based activities and usually acceptable as such, inevitably there are associated effects. There is evidence of community concern regarding activities by some groups when assembled in locations or buildings within the district where noise, parking and behaviour have adverse effects on the environment including the living and working conditions of persons in the vicinity.

A particular community concern relates to the effects of the establishment and use of what are commonly referred to as gang headquarters or clubrooms. These are sometimes accompanied by fortress type constructions and barricades.

KAPITI COAST DISTRICT COUNCIL C2 - 6 DISTRICT PLAN C.2: RURAL ZONE

Amended POLICY 10 -ADDITIONAL DWELLINGS Change 47 27/02/04 Restrict the number of dwellings in the Rural Zone to one per title in order to manage the environmental effects , including cumulative effects, of dwellings on the rural resource to protect the rural character, including open space, natural landforms and its economic values.

This policy seeks to ensure that future dwellings are sited in locations that have the least effect on the functioning and amenity values of the rural resource. This will ensure that the existing rural character, including open space, natural landforms and economic values are maintained and so that development in the rural zone proceeds in a strategic manner.

There are a considerable number of lots which are not currently built on and any further intensification in addition to one dwelling per title would result in significant loss of rural character.

POLICY 11 - EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRY

Ensure the consequences of existing or proposed aggregate extraction sites on nearby land are considered when planning for and making decisions on new use, development and subdivision of land.

It is essential that extractive industries are not adversely affected by new users and vice versa. One method of achieving this is by ensuring that new uses are aware of the operation and noise generated by extractive industries.

POLICY 12 Addition Change 63 To provide for development in the ` Peka Peka north rural-residential 26/06/08 development area ' in accordance with the structure plan for that area where it can be integrated into the landscape , and adverse effects of development can be avoided , remedied or mitigated through innovative design.

METHODS:

Rules and Performance Standards. Enforcement of Council Bylaws (Water, Trade Waste, Earthworks) Inclusion of a Tourist Activity Precinct Use of Code of Practice. Covenants/consent notices on the title. ' Design Guidelines.

KAPITI COAST DISTRICT COUNCIL C2 - 7 DISTRICT PLAN C.7.2 RURAL SUBDIVISION AND DEVELOPMENT

C.7.2 RURAL SUBDIVISION AND DEVELOPMENT

Title amended Rural subdivision and consequent development has brought about significant Change 48 change to the rural environment of the Kapiti Coast district. The scale of the 27/02/04 impacts of individual subdivisions and subsequent building developments has not been large, but collectively they have had a significant incremental effect on the environment. The effects of this activity are central to concerns at the long-term consequences of changes in the landscape, natural character and related amenity values of the rural environment. This activity is the subject of or impacts on many environmental issues including effects of activities on the coastal environment and ecological processes.

The objectives and policies set out in this section are intended primarily to address the significant resource management issues identified in B.8.5 but also relate to issues identified in other sections of Part B, particularly B.3 and 13.10 - B.12.

OBJECTIVE 1.0 - GENERAL

ENSURE THAT SUBDIVISION AND CONSEQUENT DEVELOPMENT MAINTAINS AND ENHANCES THE ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTER AND ASSOCIATED AMENITY VALUES OF RURAL AREAS , LIFE SUPPORTING CAPACITY OF RESOURCES TO MEET THE NEEDS OF FUTURE GENERATIONS AND AVOIDS, REMEDIES OR MITIGATES ADVERSE EFFECTS ON THE NATURAL AND PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT, PARTICULARLY, THE COASTAL ENVIRONMENT.

To achieve this objective Council will implement the following policies (refer also C .2, C.9, C .10 and C.11):

Amended POLICY 1 Change 47 Ensure the open space and rural character of the Alluvial Plains is not 27/02/04 compromised by more intensive and sprawling development and associated adverse environmental effects, including cumulative effects.

POLICY 2 Ensure the Coastal Dune environment is not adversely affected by intensive development and associated adverse environmental effects resulting from the subdivision of land including natural areas and open spaces into multiple allotments.

POLICY 3 Ensure areas of visually sensitive open space and natural areas in the Coastal Dune environment are retained in large allotments while allowing for more intensive development where there is undulating topography and where development can be accommodated in a sensitive manner within the Coastal environment.

POLICY 4 Ensure the Hill Country of the Tararuas and their outstanding visual landscape values are not adversely affected by intensive development resulting from the subdivision of land into lots of less than 20ha.

KAPITI COAST DISTRICT COUNCIL C7 - 7 DISTRICT PLAN C.7.2 RURAL SUBDIVISION AND DEVELOPMENT

POLICY 5 When considering applications for the subdivision of land in the Hill Country of the Tararuas below the 20ha minimum ensure that any resultant dwellings are not obtrusively visible from the Coastal Dune environment or the Alluvial Plains.

POLICY 6(a) Rural Residential Ensure that rural residential subdivision is only permitted on land which Amended Change is unsuitable for future residential subdivision and, where the land is 79 near an urban area , has already been closely subdivided and will not be adversely affected by further subdivision and development. 26/3/10

POLICY 6( b) Waikanae North Eco-Hamlet Area (as shown on the Districtwide and Urban Maps 06-07 and Rural Subdivision Maps 03 & Addition 06) Change 79 Ensure that low-impact rural subdivision (eco-hamlets ) and 26/3/10 development within the Eco-Hamlet Area is managed through structure plans which shall be developed and implemented through further plan changes . The plan changes shall include provisions that incorporate the following development principles:

(i) Landform dictates the shape and design of eco -hamlets and associated buildings and minimises landform modification (ii) Buildings, roads and structures are sited so that they minimise disturbance to the existing landforms and natural features including general contours and prominent landforms , areas of native bush , wetlands, streams and their margins, to reduce the adverse effects of sedimentation (iii) Buildings are designed and oriented to maximise water and energy efficiency , while ensuring public health is maintained. The use of local renewable energy generation systems is strongly encouraged. (iv) Building design / built form reflects local character , including having cladding and colour schemes that are in harmony with the natural landscape and have low reflective qualities (v) Open space and rural character are protected and enhanced by maintaining an appropriate overall rural -type density and ratio of development intensity to open space . Consideration is also given to minimising light pollution (vi) The potential for rural land to be utilised for a range of rural production activities is maintained through the retention of larger balance area lots (vii) Efficient use is made of infrastructure and other services provided in conjunction with more concentrated rural living environments (viii) Any development is designed to provide for a high degree of social and amenity value in the living environments , both within the site (s) and the wider neighbourhood /community. The provision of "Affordable Housing " is encouraged.

KAPITI COAST DISTRICT COUNCIL C7 - 8 DISTRICT PLAN C.7.2 RURAL SUBDIVISION AND DEVELOPMENT

(ix) Any development is designed to create a sense of community and to provide a safe and accessible environment for pedestrians and cyclists (x) Stormwater treatment and management systems are designed to integrate into the landscape to minimise storm-water runoff resulting from development and protect water quality , and any associated native ecosystems or habitats (xi) Any development and subdivision ensures that individual lots are landscaped and planted that: a. visually reduces the bulk of buildings; b. integrates the building form into the landscape; c. provides shade and windbreaks; d. protects or maintains visual privacy; e. limits the planting of hedges and shelter belts along property boundaries; and f. will maintain , including overtime , sufficient separation distance between vegetation and transmission lines. (xii) Any development maintains and enhances the ecological health of water bodies , wetlands and aquatic habitats , retains and develops blue and green corridors (waterways and native bush areas ) as a feature of any future development of the area (xiii) Integration and protection of areas of historic heritage and environmental significance takes place (xiv) Development provides for walkable communities with generous provision for walking , cycling and horse riding trails including non-motorised access along watercourses and open space areas (xv) Any development minimises its Carbon Footprint (xvi) Development provides for the management of domestic animals, (including cats and dogs ) and pest plants and fish to prevent the degradation of environmentally sensitive areas , native flora and fauna. (xvii) New dwellings are designed to minimise fire risks, for example, by installing domestic sprinklers (xviii) Buildings and site accesses are designed and built so that they are free from flooding . Design solutions shall, where possible, use soft engineering to be consistent with Kapiti Coast District Council Subdivision and Development Principles and Requirements (xix) Adverse effects on the transmission lines are avoided , remedied or mitigated including through the design and layout of the subdivision and development and the nature and extent of earthworks.

KAPITI COAST DISTRICT COUNCIL C7 - 9 DISTRICT PLAN C.7.2 RURAL SUBDIVISION AND DEVELOPMENT

POLICY 6(c) Ensure that development in the Ngarara Precinct enables Addition connections to and integration with other land in the Eco-Hamlet Area Change so 2213110 and incorporates the principles outlined in Policy 6(b).

The Ngarara Precinct

The Ngarara Precinct forms part of the Eco-Hamlet Area in Waikanae North and consists of clustered development areas surrounded by a balance of rural and conservation activities. The goal of the precinct is to retain the distinctive character of the site by the careful integration of built form with its rural coastal setting.

Development within this precinct is limited to a total of 144 households in up to four Eco-Hamlets with the overall density being very low. The comprehensively designed Eco-Hamlets provide a rural living experience in a landscape which reflects and enhances the existing environment. The Eco- Hamlets will not normally be serviced with water supply and wastewater disposal systems from the reticulated public services, instead onsite supply, management and conservation techniques are to be used.

The precinct is based on a Structure Plan within which are a series of Eco- Hamlets, as identified on the Ngarara Precinct Structure Plan map. The development of each Eco-Hamlet will be guided by specific management guidelines relating to Environmental Outcomes and anticipated form that dictate the form and nature of development, and overarching management principles.

The Structure Plan is attached as Appendix 2 to chapter D.2. This includes the Ngarara Precinct Structure Plan map, along with `Ngarara Precinct Eco- Hamlet Areas' called "Smithfield", "Ngapara", "Lamberts", "Kawakahia" and "Kukutauaki" which provide details on the features to be protected, overall principles and outcomes, and anticipated land uses and form (contained within Part D.2: Ngarara Precinct Eco-Hamlets Structure Plan Appendix 2); and `Ngarara Precinct Management Principles' which provides principles for consistency that apply across the entire precinct (contained within Part D.2: Ngarara Precinct Management Principles' - Appendix 3).

POLICY 7( a) Waikanae North Low Impact Urban and Eco-Hamlet Addition Areas Change 79 26/3/10 Restrict subdivision within future Low Impact Urban Area south of the Urban Edge and within the Eco -Hamlet Area north of the Urban Edge to boundary adjustments to ensure that the land can be comprehensively developed into low impact urban and rural densities at some future stage via structure plans and rezoning process.

POLICY 7( b) Waikanae North Low Impact Urban Area (as shown on the Districtwide and Urban Plan Zone Maps 06-07 and 09) Ensure that low-impact urban development and subdivision within the Low Impact Urban Area is managed through structure plans which shall be developed and implemented through further plan changes. The plan

KAPITI COAST DISTRICT COUNCIL C7 - 10 DISTRICT PLAN C.7.2 RURAL SUBDIVISION AND DEVELOPMENT

changes shall include provisions which incorporate the following development principles:

(i) Landform dictates the shape and design of urban form ( ii) Urban design /built form is of a high quality and reflects local character with a mix of density and housing types. (iii) Any development manages the quality and volume of stormwater runoff, maintains and enhances water bodies , their margins and catchments , in order to support the healthy functioning of aquatic eco-systems and natural areas (iv) Development of blue and green corridors (waterways and native bush areas) is a feature of any future development of the area. (v) Integration and protection of areas of historic heritage and environmental significance takes place (vi) Any urban development provides for walkable communities with generous provision for walking , cycling and horse riding trails. (vii) There are clustered village / hamlet developments within the undulating dune and wetland areas (viii) That roads and access ways provide linkages between current and future neighbourhoods (connectivity) but not a four-lane arterial. (ix) Development achieves energy and transport efficiency and minimises potable water use, in the design of buildings, roads (including streetlights ), stormwater systems and water supply, while ensuring public health is maintained (x) Major physical infrastructure issues , for example water supply and transportation systems , are resolved before new land for development is released (xi) Development integrates with adjoining land use activities and contributes to the wider community including provision of accessible , high quality , public open space : for example, through the provision of land appropriate for social infrastructure such as schools and other community facilities including access to public transport. The provision of `Affordable Housing' is encouraged (xii) There is a high level of participation in community decision making within the Waikanae North community (xiii) There are local employment opportunities , appropriate to the needs and character of the surrounding community (xiv) Development provides for the management of domestic animals, (including cats, dogs ) and pest plants and fish to prevent the degradation of environmentally sensitive areas and native flora and fauna. (xv) Buildings , roads and structures are sited so that they minimise disturbance to the existing landform and natural features, including general contours and prominent landforms, areas of native bush , wetlands, streams and their margins , to reduce the adverse effects of sedimentation.

KAPITI COAST DISTRICT COUNCIL C7 - 11 DISTRICT PLAN C.7.2 RURAL SUBDIVISION AND DEVELOPMENT

(xvi) Development design recognises and provides for existing major network utilities safety and operational requirements. (Major network utility operators should be consulted to identify safety and operational requirements) (xvii) New dwellings are designed to minimise fire risks, for example, by installing domestic sprinklers (xviii) Any development shall make appropriate provision for stormwater disposal , water supply and wastewater management systems for each site. (xix) Adverse effects on the transmission lines are avoided , remedied or mitigated including through the design and layout of the subdivision and development and the nature and extent of earthworks (xx) Buildings and site accesses are designed and built so that they are free from flooding . Design solutions shall, where possible, use soft engineering to be consistent with Kapiti Coast District Council Subdivision and Development Principles and Requirements.

POLICY 7(c) Ensure that the comprehensive development and servicing ( including roads ) of areas suitable for residential expansion (Rural Subdivision Maps 1 & 2 ) are not jeopardised by the effects of sporadic subdivision within these areas into inappropriately located and sized lots.

POLICY 8 Ensure any adverse effects, including cumulative adverse effects, resulting from inappropriate subdivision on outstanding landscapes and ecological features , including the coastal environment, wetlands , rivers, lakes and their margins, native vegetation and cultural and heritage features are avoided , remedied or mitigated (refer to District Wide Zone Maps 1-9 showing outstanding landscapes).

POLICY 9 Ensure that subdivision and resultant activities , land uses and development do not jeopardise the sustainability of water quantity and quality.

POLICY 10 Ensure that density and maintenance of on-site sewage systems is such that human health is not jeopardised by contamination of soil, groundwater or recreational and shellfish gathering water.

POLICY 11 Ensure that rural residences can access adequate quantities of potable water to avoid risks to human health and amenity in the absence of community reticulated water.

POLICY 12 Protect the natural character of the coastal environment by ensuring no buildings consequent to subdivisions are obtrusively visible from the beach.

KAPITI COAST DISTRICT COUNCIL C7 -12 DISTRICT PLAN C.7.2 RURAL SUBDIVISION AND DEVELOPMENT

POLICY 13 Protect the natural contour of the land, including the substantially unmodified features of the landscape, sites of ecological significance, coastal sand dunes , wetlands and interdunal hollows from the adverse effects of subdivision and consequent development.

POLICY 14 Encourage the protection of native vegetation by providing for rural subdivision which ensures full protection including fencing of significant native vegetation.

POLICY 15 Ensure that rural subdivisions adjoining State Highway 1 avoid , remedy or mitigate any adverse effects on the safe and efficient operation of the Highway.

POLICY 16 When considering applications for sites having frontage over a jointly owned access lot or right of way, take into account the practicalities of building a road , the standard of construction of the right of way including sealing and dealing with surface water.

POLICY 17 Ensure that land subject to natural hazards is subdivided so that all lots are capable of being used in such a manner that natural hazards can be avoided or mitigated and that suitable building sites can be identified for each lot created.

POLICY 18 Ensure that subdivisions fronting narrow, winding roads are only permitted where adequate visibility and safe access to the proposed lots is available.

Addition POLICY 19 Change 57 Provide for subdivision and development of the Tourist Activity Precinct 20/01/06 that caters for tourism and leisure related activities , while ensuring that the Precinct maintains a basically tourist, leisure and rural orientated environment and does not develop as an industrial estate or retail centre. Adverse effects on natural and rural character and amenity, effects resulting from traffic and parking, signage and flooding should be avoided, remedied or mitigated.

Addition POLICY 20 Change 57 Ensure that precinct concept plans are approved for each of the Tourist 20/01/06 Activity Precinct Areas (A-D) are approved prior to any subdivision or development occurring on these sites . When considering applications for subdivision and development within these areas these shall be consistent with the approved concept plan.

Policy 21 Addition To provide for anticipated demand for rural lifestyle lots within the `Peka Change 63 Peka north rural -residential development area ' by allowing subdivision 26/06/08

KAPITI COAST DISTRICT COUNCIL C7 -13 DISTRICT PLAN C.7.2 RURAL SUBDIVISION AND DEVELOPMENT

and activities providing the subdivision is consistent with the structure plan for that area.

PRINCIPAL REASONS:

The rural zone has been divided into three policy areas for the purpose of managing the effects of subdivision and resultant development. These are the Coastal Dune environment, Alluvial Plains and the Hill Country. Each area defines an environment with similar characteristics. They generally are not connected to Council's reticulated services and they each have different capacities to accommodate further development.

COASTAL DUNE ENVIRONMENT:

The Coastal Dune environment comprises the sand country including the coastal foredune, consolidated sanddunes, interdune sandplains and wetlands. The topography is undulating with slopes of up to 25 degrees, is prone to salt laden winds and is generally unsuitable for horticulture and intensive agriculture. It is important how development is accommodated in such a sensitive visual and ecological environment. It is also important that wetlands are protected.

A principal reason for rural subdivision objectives, policies and methods is to ensure that the existing open space rural character of the Coastal Plains are maintained and that the character is not lost through intensive development resulting from inappropriate subdivision. The adverse effects of subdivision on outstanding landscapes, ecological and cultural features and the coastal environment need to be avoided, remedied or mitigated. Buildings should not be visible from the beach, and there should be minimal disturbance to the natural contours and any significant ecological features. A density of 4ha per dwelling has been established as the discretionary standard after extensive consultation with the community through reviews of the rural subdivision controls, discussion papers, District Plan changes and release of a Draft and Proposed District Plan. The subdivision standards in the Coastal Dune environment address the above and allow for the following:

RURAL HAMLETS: The Council considers that subdivision should be allowed in the Coastal Dune environment to enable people wishing to live in a non urban environment close to recreation and amenity space. This, however, needs to be balanced against the retention of land suitable for open space and protection of the Coastal Dune environment from inappropriate subdivision, use and development. The rural hamlet subdivision standards protect this sensitive environment by allowing the grouping of dwellings in the interdune hollows and the retention of open space and significant natural areas in larger lots. These larger lots may be held in separate or common ownership for the benefit of neighbouring properties

FARMLETS: The Council considers that subdivision should be allowed in the Coastal Dune environment to enable people wishing to be hobby or part-time farmers in coastal areas. For this activity large areas of land are not required or wanted. Smaller minimum areas are therefore set in the rural subdivision rules. In order to maintain the significant natural areas and the open rural character and to preserve the natural character of the Coastal Dune environment, a minimum and average lot size for farm/ets is required.

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Amended ALLUVIAL PLAINS Change 48 27/02/04 The Alluvial Plains comprises typically flat terrain consisting of alluvial plains, terraces and valley floors. The land contains the district's most versatile soils and supports much of the district's horticulture and intensive agriculture activities. Underground water supplies are vulnerable to disposal of effluent resulting from intensive development. As such, the open space character is vulnerable to change by development resulting from intensive subdivision. To retain the open space and rural character and ensure groundwater is not contaminated by onsite sewage systems, it is considered necessary to have controls which avoid more intensive and sprawling development. It is for this reason that the rural subdivision rules retain a 4ha minimum.

HILL COUNTRY

The hill country comprises the foothills of the Tararuas and downlands. The land is very steep and experiences heavy rainfall. It is also the most visible landform in the district and most vulnerable to change. It is also not generally suitable for the building of dwellings due to unsuitable topography and ground conditions. It is for these reasons that a large minimum lot area standard of 20ha is required for further subdivision and development. Subdivision below this minimum area will only be allowed where the effects on the environment are minor and resultant development is not visible from the Coastal Dune environment and the Alluvial Plains.

RURAL RESIDENTIAL LOTS

The Council considers that subdivision should be allowed in certain areas in the district to enable people who seek to live in a rural environment but not necessarily on a farm. The land which is considered suitable is characterised by having small scale rural activities such as horse riding, hobby gardening and farming in close proximity to urban facilities. It is envisaged that this land will never be zoned residential or used for purely residential uses or be fully serviced. In these areas where the land is already closely subdivided and developed, is close to an urban area but physically separated, and is not likely to be suitable for future intensive residential development, it is proposed to maintain the existing character through subdivision controls that reflect the density of development.

WA/KANAE NORTH URBAN EDGE, LOW-IMPACT URBAN AREA, ECO- HAMLET AREA AND LAND ADJACENT TO OTAKI

Feedback from the community through the Choosing Futures: Community Addition Plan consultation process has made it clear that unimaginative urban Change 79 2613/10 development should not continue to occur. Unlimited urban expansion beyond current urban boundaries should also be controlled. The establishment of an urban edge north of Waikanae provides a delineation between future low-impact urban development and the Eco-Hamlet Area. The urban edge boundary largely follows the stream and the local drainage system. Development on land to the south of the urban edge boundary is restricted until a-comprehensive structure plans for the area taking into account infrastructural and environmental features are adopted into the

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District Plan through a rezoning process. This land will be developed according to sustainable, low-impact principles, in keeping with the landform. Land to the north identified as an Eco-Hamlet Area is similarly restricted. Development of this land into low impact eco-hamlets can only take place following the successful inclusion of comprehensive structure plans into the District Plan. Council considers that development of the land north of the urban edge into low impact Eco-Hamlets would make urban expansion beyond the urban edge line unlikely due to the multiple ownership pattern (see below).

There is a community need to identify and ensure land identified as suitable for future urban development adjoining existing urban areas is not fragmented in an ad hoc manner. Kapiti Coast is currently one of the fastest growing areas of New Zealand. It is expected that growth pressures are likely to continue well in to the future.

Provision should be made for long term needs. This is particularly so because of the legislative requirement to provide for the reasonably foreseeable needs of future generations. There is a need therefore to control subdivision adjacent to existing urban areas. This is to ensure that the areas suitable for urban expansion are not subdivided in a way that will preclude comprehensive residential subdivision at a later date.

In Waikanae North, consideration of the land for rezoning will be assessed against the development principles under policy 7 (b). These were derived as part of the consultation on the Choosing Futures: Community Plan process in 2004-2006

The Low Impact Urban Area provisions within Provisions Part C, Section C.7.2 Rural Subdivision and Development Policies 7(a), and 7(b), and, C7.2.1 Anticipated Environmental Outcomes (x) to (xvi) apply only to the Waikanae North Area, but will not apply to parts of that area that are rezoned in accordance with the provisions of the District Plan for the Waikanae North Area.

WAIKANAE NORTH ECO-HAMLET AREA

An Eco-Hamlet Area between the Waikanae North Urban Edge and rural Addition land to the north has been included and identified on the Rural Subdivision Change 79 26/310 Map. Subdivision of land in this area is restricted until comprehensive structure plans are established through plan changes to ensure that any subdivision and subsequent development has a minimal impact on the natural and physical environment. The development principles outlined in Policy 6(b) provide a detailed framework to guide the drafting of any structure plan and plan change . The development principles will ensure that any development is in harmony with the natural landform with buildings incorporating appropriate cladding and colour schemes and the provision of landscaping to reduce the impact of buildings. Any development will also be required to minimise their "carbon footprint" through incorporating energy efficient technologies, water saving devices , siting buildings to maximise solar (sun) gain and other methods.

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The development principles also require large balance areas to maintain some sense of rural open spaces, and clustering or concentration of house sites to provide a sense of community for future residents of the hamlets. This form of development recognises that while the overall density in the Eco-Hamlet Area would generally be low, the density in the house site areas will be higher, with local variations in response to the local characteristics within the Eco-Hamlet Area. It is envisaged that the establishment of Eco-Hamlets will enable those wishing to live in the rural environment to live in a sustainable manner, without urban services including potable water and public wastewater systems provided. Development of the area into low impact sites will also secure an appropriate settlement pattern for the land ensuring that future rezoning to urban in the Eco-Hamlet Area will be unlikely given the multiple land ownership pattern established in accordance with the development principles. The Council considers that, combined with the Urban Edge line and infra structural constraints, development within the Eco-Hamlet Area will ensure that Waikanae does not continue to expand to the north. As a result future urban form will be compact, support public transport and provide for walkable communities.

The Eco-Hamlet area provisions within Provisions Part C, Section C. 7.2 Rural Subdivision and Development Policy 6(b), and C7.2.1 Anticipated Environmental Outcomes (x) to (xvi) apply only to the Waikanae North Area, but will not apply to parts of that area that are rezoned in accordance with the provisions of the District Plan for the Waikanae North Area.

PEKA PEKA NORTH RURAL-RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT AREA Amended Change 63 The Council acknowledges that the land within the `Peka Peka north rural- 26/06108 residential development area' has important coastal and landscape features but the Council does not consider that this should preclude appropriate development of the area. The Council has determined that some of the land can be developed for rural-residential living in a comprehensive manner while still protecting these values and also enhancing public access for the wider benefit of the District. To facilitate that type of development and achieve the public good the Council has established a discrete sub-zone within the Rural Zone of the District Plan. So that the effects from the development of the land can be appropriately assessed and managed, and so that the character and amenity of the area are retained and enhanced, new specific rules and standards have been introduced. For District Plan purposes the extent of the Peka Peka settlement is deemed to extend to Kowhai Stream and east of the unformed road off Raukawa Road.

METHODS • Rules and Performance Standards • Identification of appropriate management areas in the District Plan Maps • Insertion of Waikanae North Urban Edge line on District Plan Maps Addition Change 79 to delineate northern extent of future urban growth in the Waikanae 26/3/10 area • Greater Wellington Erosion and Sediment Control Guidelines for

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the Wellington Region 2003, and Small Earthworks Erosion and Sediment Control for small sites • Greater Wellington Regional Council `Mind the stream - A guide to looking after urban and urban streams in the Wellington Region 2004' • Use of Codes of Practice • Covenants/ consent notices on title • Design Guidelines

C.7.2.1 Anticipated Environmental Outcomes

The following environmental outcomes are expected from the effective implementation and administration of the District Plan:

(i) The open rural landscape and significant natural areas of the coastal plain are maintained for present and future generations and are not adversely affected by inappropriate intensive subdivision, use and development.

(ii) Significant stands of native vegetation protected through fencing and legal arrangements.

(iii) Water quality in the Waikanae Water Collection area is maintained through stringent controls on effluent disposal.

(iv) The natural character of the coastal environment , significant landscapes including the foothills of the Tararuas and other ecological features including wetlands, lakes, rivers and their margins and landform features, cultural sites and heritage features are protected from the adverse effects of inappropriate subdivision, use and development through controls on subdivision and building.

(v) Minimal disturbance to the natural contour of the land.

(vi) Adverse environmental effects arising from a natural hazard are avoided as far as possible. The risks to potential and existing subdivision, use and development are identified and mitigation measures implemented where appropriate to reduce the risk.

(vii) The development of access points (crossing places and road junctions) onto State Highway 1 will not compromise the safe and efficient functioning of the State Highway.

(viii) The creation of new access points/crossing points and road junctions onto State Highway 1 are kept to the minimum.

(ix) The important coastal and landscape features of the land in northern Peka Peka will be protected and enhanced, public access to and along the coast and stream will be provided, and rural- residential development will be integrated successfully into the landscape.

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(x) Open space and rural character are protected and enhanced Addition by maintaining an appropriate ratio of development intensity to Change 79 2613110 open space (xi) Efficient use is made of infrastructure and other services in conjunction with a more concentrated rural residential living environments (xii) People experience a high degree of social and amenity value in their living environments, both within their site(s) and the wider neighbourhood/community (xiii) The potential is maximised for rural land to be utilised for a range of rural production activities if required in the future (xiv) Eco-Hamlets are created which are safe, accessible and easy to move around in, and allow for a sense of community to exist (xv) Historic heritage is protected from inappropriate subdivision, use and development (xvi) The existing network utility infrastructure is protected from the adverse effects of subdivision and development.

C.7.3 EARTHWORKS

Earthworks are a key means by which subdivision and development impact upon the environment. The effects of earthworks is the subject of or impact on many environmental issues, particularly effects of activities on the landscape and heritage features. The carrying out of earthworks also has significant consequences for the management and mitigation of natural hazards, particularly flood risks. A policy framework is required to ensure controls on the adverse environmental effects of earthworks in the District Plan deal with all the issues affected in a comprehensive and consistent manner.

The objectives and policies set out in this section are intended primarily to address the significant resource management issues identified in B.8 but also relate to issues identified in other sections of Part B, particularly B.9, B.11 and B.16.

OBJECTIVE 1.0

TO MAINTAIN THE DISTRICT'S NATURAL LANDFORMS BY ENSURING ANY ADVERSE EFFECTS OF EARTHWORKS ON THE NATURAL, PHYSICAL AND CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT ARE AVOIDED, REMEDIED OR MITIGATED.

To achieve this objective Council will implement the following policies:

POLICY 1 - GENERAL ASSESSMENT CRITERIA

Ensure the adverse effects of earthworks on the environment are avoided , remedied or mitigated when considering applications for resource consents for earthworks by taking into account the following:

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