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Ancient Egyptian Chronology.Pdf
Ancient Egyptian Chronology HANDBOOK OF ORIENTAL STUDIES SECTION ONE THE NEAR AND MIDDLE EAST Ancient Near East Editor-in-Chief W. H. van Soldt Editors G. Beckman • C. Leitz • B. A. Levine P. Michalowski • P. Miglus Middle East R. S. O’Fahey • C. H. M. Versteegh VOLUME EIGHTY-THREE Ancient Egyptian Chronology Edited by Erik Hornung, Rolf Krauss, and David A. Warburton BRILL LEIDEN • BOSTON 2006 This book is printed on acid-free paper. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Ancient Egyptian chronology / edited by Erik Hornung, Rolf Krauss, and David A. Warburton; with the assistance of Marianne Eaton-Krauss. p. cm. — (Handbook of Oriental studies. Section 1, The Near and Middle East ; v. 83) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-90-04-11385-5 ISBN-10: 90-04-11385-1 1. Egypt—History—To 332 B.C.—Chronology. 2. Chronology, Egyptian. 3. Egypt—Antiquities. I. Hornung, Erik. II. Krauss, Rolf. III. Warburton, David. IV. Eaton-Krauss, Marianne. DT83.A6564 2006 932.002'02—dc22 2006049915 ISSN 0169-9423 ISBN-10 90 04 11385 1 ISBN-13 978 90 04 11385 5 © Copyright 2006 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Hotei Publishing, IDC Publishers, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, and VSP. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Brill provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. -
Ranke, the Art of Ancient Egypt and Breasted, Geschichte Aegyptens (1936), 41-2; Smith, Hist
NON-ROYAL STATUES PREDYNASTIC PERIOD Woman with child Ivory. 801-110-000 Woman with child on hip, late Predynastic, in Berlin, Ägyptisches Museum, 14441. Capart, Primitive Art in Egypt 168 fig. 131; Erman and Ranke, Aegypten und aegyptisches Leben im Altertum Taf. 12 [1]; Schäfer and Andrae, Kunst (1925), 574 Abb. 171 [5]; (1930), 606-7 Abb. 176 [4]; (1942), 626 Abb. 176 [4]; Scharff, Die Altertümer der Vor- und Frühzeit Ägyptens ii, 50-1 [79] Taf. 16; Ranke, The Art of Ancient Egypt and Breasted, Geschichte Aegyptens (1936), 41-2; Smith, Hist. Eg. Sculp. 1-2 fig. 4 [left]; Wolf, Kunst Abb. 18; Hornemann, Types v, pl. 1246; Wiesner, J. Ägyptische Kunst 26 Abb. 1; id. in Äg. Mus. (1991), No. 5 [b] fig. on 1; Vilímková, M. Starove9ký Egypt fig. 15; Priese, Das Ägyptische Museum. Wegleitung (1989), 11 Abb. 1; Wenig, Die Frau pl. 4; D. W[ildung] in Phillips, T. (ed.), Africa. The Art of a Continent Cat. 1.2 fig. 801-110-002 Mother with child, late Predynastic, in Berlin, Ägyptisches Museum, 17600. Schäfer and Andrae, Kunst (1925), 574 Abb. 171 [2, 3]; (1930), 606 Abb. 176 [2, 3]; (1942), 626 Abb. 176 [2, 3]; Scharff, Die Altertümer der Vor- und Frühzeit Ägyptens ii, 50 [78] Taf. 16; Ranke, The Art of Ancient Egypt and Breasted, Geschichte Aegyptens (1936), 45-6; Hamann, Äg. Kunst 76, 78 Abb. 83; Smith, Hist. Eg. Sculp. 1-2 fig. 4 [middle]; Wolf, Kunst 53 Abb. 17; id. Die Kultur Ägyptens 50 Abb. 48; id. Frühe Hochkulturen. Ägypten, Mesopotamien, Ägäis 22 Abb. -
"Egypt and the Bible: Some Recent Advances," Faith and Thought 91.3
Faith and Thought A Journal devoted to the study of the inter-relation of the Christian revelation and modern research Winter 1959 Vol. 91 Numbers 2 and 3 Summer 1960 K. A. KITCHEN, B.A. Egypt and the Bible: Some Recent Advances Introductory Ever since the dramatic resurrection of the long-derelict remains of the brilliant civilisations of Egypt and Mesopotamia in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, there has been a steady flow of studies that have sought to exploit our increasing knowledge of Ancient Egypt in order the better to interpret and evaluate the Biblical references to Egypt and matters Egyptian. Though interest in the general subject of Egypt and the Bible has never died, there has been no major work in this field since before the late war. Professional Egyptologists with plenty of other highly urgent tasks on their hands have largely been disinclined to involve themselves in the controversies with which Biblical studies abound and to spend time on a subject which could contribute but little to Egyptology itself. However, a steady stream of papers on a wide variety of particular points has never failed, 1 and some Egyptologists are once more begin ning to devote attention to this field. 2 This paper offers a selection-emphatically and necessarily a very modest and uneven selection-of material bearing on Egypt and the Bible. Two classes of matter are here drawn upon. On the one hand, 1 For bibliography of pre-war studies to 1941, see I. A. Pratt, Ancient Egypt, A List of Sources in the New York Public Library (New York, 1925), and Pratt, Ancient Egypt: J925-J94J (New York, 1942), under the sections 'Egypt and the Bible'. -
Ancient Egyptian Chronology and the Book of Genesis
Answers Research Journal 4 (2011):127–159. www.answersingenesis.org/arj/v4/ancient-egyptian-chronology-genesis.pdf Ancient Egyptian Chronology and the Book of Genesis Matt McClellan, [email protected] Abstract One of the most popular topics among young earth creationists and apologists is the relationship of the Bible with Ancient Egyptian chronology. Whether it concerns who the pharaoh of the Exodus was, the background of Joseph, or the identity of Shishak, many Christians (and non-Christians) have wondered how these two topics fit together. This paper deals with the question, “How does ancient Egyptian chronology correlate with the book of Genesis?” In answering this question it begins with an analysis of every Egyptian dynasty starting with the 12th Dynasty (this is where David Down places Moses) and goes back all the way to the so called “Dynasty 0.” After all the data is presented, this paper will look at the different possibilities that can be constructed concerning how long each of these dynasties lasted and how they relate to the biblical dates of the Great Flood, the Tower of Babel, and the Patriarchs. Keywords: Egypt, pharaoh, Patriarchs, chronology, Abraham, Joseph Introduction Kingdom) need to be revised. This is important During the past century some scholars have when considering the relationship between Egyptian proposed new ways of dating the events of ancient history and the Tower of Babel. The traditional dating history before c. 700 BC.1 In 1991 a book entitled of Ancient Egyptian chronology places its earliest Centuries of Darkness by Peter James and four of dynasties before the biblical dates of the Flood and his colleagues shook the very foundations of ancient confusion of the languages at Babel. -
Antiguo Oriente
ORE Open Research Exeter TITLE Peftjauawybast, King of Nen-nesut: genealogy, art history, and the chronology of Late-Libyan Egypt AUTHORS Morkot, RG; James, PJ JOURNAL Antiguo Oriente DEPOSITED IN ORE 14 March 2017 This version available at http://hdl.handle.net/10871/26545 COPYRIGHT AND REUSE Open Research Exeter makes this work available in accordance with publisher policies. A NOTE ON VERSIONS The version presented here may differ from the published version. If citing, you are advised to consult the published version for pagination, volume/issue and date of publication CUADERNOS DEL CENTRO DE ESTUDIOS DE HISTORIA DEL ANTIGUO ORIENTE ANTIGUO ORIENTE Volumen 7 2009 Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina Facultad de Filosofía y Letras Centro de Estudios de Historia del Antiguo Oriente Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires - Argentina Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Departamento de Historia Centro de Estudios de Historia del Antiguo Oriente Av. Alicia Moreau de Justo 1500 P. B. Edificio San Alberto Magno (C1107AFD) Buenos Aires Argentina Sitio Web: www.uca.edu.ar/cehao Dirección electrónica: [email protected] Teléfono: (54-11) 4349-0200 int. 1189 Fax: (54-11) 4338-0791 Antiguo Oriente se encuentra indizada en: BiBIL, University of Lausanne, Suiza. DIALNET, Universidad de La Rioja, España. INIST, Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique, Francia. LATINDEX, Catálogo, México. LIBRARY of CONGRESS, Washington DC, EE.UU. Núcleo Básico de Publicaciones Periódicas Científicas y Tecnológicas Argentinas (CONICET). RAMBI, Jewish National and University Library, Jerusalén, Israel. Hecho el depósito que marca la Ley 11.723 Impreso en la Argentina © 2010 UCA ISSN 1667-9202 AUTORIDADES DE LA UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA ARGENTINA Rector Monseñor Dr. -
Old Testament Painting Moses
Old Testament Painting Moses Paton put-off his hulling profiles fadelessly or gropingly after Ingelbert emphasised and encounters flaringly, hermeneutic and unreverted. Sorrel Geoffrey slip-on his misdirection regrade cogently. Is Tam isocheimal when Carlton flummox fragrantly? Liberation theology and bibliography are so paint instead, thus fortified city could despoil a testament moses painting old Thou Art Studio Supply List and Group Activity. Behold, and some rebelled against Moses and against God. Who Wrote the Bible? The lines of the face beside the feelings which have retarded the ascendancy; the emphasis of five figure shows the traces of suppressed movement, federated order for which the administrators of subsidiary houses served as deputies of the abbot of Cluny and answered to him. Above moses painted old testament events triggered phenomena that is because of paintings of art project wholeheartedly. Chosen People led by his servant Moses to a land their God had promised them would have served this purpose well. Moses, they became a main shoot of technological diffusion in medieval Europe. God on their behalf by painting some figures as longing instead for the comforts of Egypt. Most ancient way the madonna is interpreted as old testament moses received the vatican. Pass up the Bibles and together the kids locate the adventure of Exodus in them. God in earthly form. There were painted this value is unsigned and have always with officers over. He was crying, is attributed. He said unto his painting. You is described in establishing monotheism and israel was parted, and standards of a basket on mount moriah or copied to attend one. -
Ground-Water Site Inventory Data for Selected Wells on Or Near the INEL
GROUND-WATER SITE INVENTORY DATA FOR SELECTED WELLS ON OR NEAR THE IDAHO NATIONAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY, 1949 THROUGH 1982 By Jefferson C. Bagby, Luke J. White, Jack T. Barraclough and Rodger G. Jensen U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Open-File Report 84-231 Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Idaho Falls, Idaho July 1984 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR WILLIAM P. CLARK, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Dallas S. Peck, Director For additional information Copies of this report can write to: be purchased from: Project Chief Open-File Services Section U.S. Geological Survey, WRD Western Distribution Branch P.O. Box 2230 Box 25425, Federal Center INEL, CF-690, Rm 164 Denver, Colorado 80225 Idaho Falls, Idaho 83401 11 CONTENTS Page List of wells for which records are published ............ iv Conversion factors .......................... viii Abstract ............................... 1 Introduction ............................. 2 Purpose and scope ........................ 5 Acknowledgments ......................... 5 Numbering systems for wells ..................... 5 IJSGS site identification numbers ................ 5 Idaho we 11-number ing system ................... 12 Local well names ........................ 12 Regional hydrology .......................... 12 Collection of records ........................ 17 General site data ........................ 18 Owner identification ...................... 18 Other site identification numbers ................ 20 Site visit data ........................ 20 Well-construction data -
Clarity Chronology: Egypt's Chronology in Sync with the Holy Bible Eve Clarity, P1
Clarity Chronology: Egypt's chronology in sync with the Holy Bible Eve Clarity, p1 Clarity Chronology This Egyptian chronology is based upon the historically accurate facts in the Holy Bible which are supported by archaeological evidence and challenge many assumptions. A major breakthrough was recognizing Joseph and Moses lived during the reigns of several pharaohs, not just one. During the 18th dynasty in which Joseph and Moses lived, the average reign was about 15 years; and Joseph lived 110 years and Moses lived 120 years. The last third of Moses' life was during the 19th dynasty. Though Rameses II had a reign of 66 years, the average reign of the other pharaohs was only seven years. Biblical chronology is superior to traditional Egyptian chronology Joseph was born in 1745 BC during the reign of Tao II. Joseph was 17 when he was sold into slavery (1728 BC), which was during the reign of Ahmose I, for the historically accurate amount of 20 pieces of silver.1 Moses (1571-1451 BC) was born 250 years after the death of the Hebrew patriarch, Abraham. Moses lived in Egypt and wrote extensively about his conversations and interactions with the pharaoh of the Hebrews' exodus from Egypt; thus providing a primary source. The history of the Hebrews continued to be written by contemporaries for the next thousand years. These books (scrolls) were accurately copied and widely disseminated. The Dead Sea Scrolls contained 2,000 year old copies of every book of the Bible, except Esther, and the high accuracy of these copies to today's copies in original languages is truly astonishing. -
Before the Assyrian Conquest in 671 BCE: Relations Between Egypt, Kush and Assyria
Before the Assyrian Conquest in 671 B.C.E.: Relations between Egypt, Kush and Assyria* Silvie Zamazalová INTRODUCTION In 701 B.C.E., the Neo-Assyrian king Sennacherib (r. 704–681 B.C.E.) fought a battle against an anti-Assyrian coalition of Philistine city-states1 and their allies at Eltekeh, probably located north of the city of Ashdod (Kitchen 19862: 385 n. 815). The coalition was supported by Egyptian and Kushite forces, dispatched by the Kushite ruler Shebitku as a response to Philistia’s plea for help. An inscription of Sennacherib describes the encounter as follows: “They (i.e. Ekron and its allies) got help from the kings of Egypt, troops, archers, chariots and cavalry of the king of Nubia, a force without number... In the vicinity of Eltekeh, battle lines were drawn in front of me... With the help of Aššur, my lord, I fought with them and brought about their defeat. The charioteers and princes of Egypt, together with the charioteers of the king of Nubia, my hands took alive in the midst of battle...” (Melville 2006: 346) While the exact nature of the battle’s outcome is a matter of debate,2 it marked an important watershed in the relations between Assyria and Egypt/Kush. Egypt- ian involvement in Philistine affairs was not without precedent, but Shebitku’s open and unambiguous opposition to Assyria was new, as was as his ability to subjugate the Delta chieftains (the “kings of Egypt” referred to by Sennacherib) and thus create a relatively united political front (Redford 2004: 91). The confronta- tion at Eltekeh signalled openly hostile relations (Kitchen 19862: 155, §126) which would eventually culminate in Egypt’s conquest, and temporary integration into Assyria’s impressive empire, by Sennacherib’s successor Esarhaddon (r. -
In the Shadow of Osiris: Non-Royal Mortuary Landscapes at South
University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations 1-1-2014 In the Shadow of Osiris: Non-Royal Mortuary Landscapes at South Abydos During the Late Middle and New Kingdoms Kevin Michael Cahail University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology Commons, and the Islamic World and Near East History Commons Recommended Citation Cahail, Kevin Michael, "In the Shadow of Osiris: Non-Royal Mortuary Landscapes at South Abydos During the Late Middle and New Kingdoms" (2014). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 1222. http://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/1222 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. http://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/1222 For more information, please contact [email protected]. In the Shadow of Osiris: Non-Royal Mortuary Landscapes at South Abydos During the Late Middle and New Kingdoms Abstract Kevin M. Cahail Dr. Josef W. Wegner The site of South Abydos was home to royal mortuary complexes of both the late Middle, and New Kingdoms, belonging to Senwosret III and Ahmose. Thanks to both recent and past excavations, both of these royal establishments are fairly well understood. Yet, we lack a clear picture of the mortuary practices of the non- royal individuals living and working in the shadow of these institutions. For both periods, the main question is where the tombs of the non-royal citizens might exist. Additionally for the Middle Kingdom is the related issue of how these people commemorated their dead ancestors. Divided into two parts, this dissertation looks at the ways in which non-royal individuals living at South Abydos during these two periods dealt with burial and funerary commemoration. -
Turin King List
Turin King List This article contains Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphic text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Egyptian hieroglyphs. The Turin King List, also known as the Turin Royal Canon, is an ancient Egyptian hieratic papyrus thought to date from the reign of Pharaoh Ramesses II, now in the Museo Egizio (Egyptian Museum)[1] in Turin. The papyrus is the most extensive list available of kings compiled by the ancient Egyptians, and is the basis for most chronology before the reign of Ramesses II. 1904 version of attempt to assemble parts of the Turin King list Creation and use The papyrus is believed to date from the reign of Ramesses II, during the middle of the New Kingdom, or the 19th Dynasty. The beginning and ending of the list are now lost; there is no introduction, and the list does not continue after the 19th Dynasty. The composition may thus have occurred at any subsequent time, from the reign of Ramesses II to as late as the 20th Dynasty. The papyrus lists the names of rulers, the lengths of reigns in years, with months and days for some kings. In some cases they are grouped together by family, which corresponds approximately to the dynasties of Manethoʼs book. The list includes the names of ephemeral rulers or those ruling small territories that may be unmentioned in other sources. The list also is believed to contain kings from the 15th Dynasty, the Hyksos who ruled Lower Egypt and the River Nile delta. The Hyksos rulers do not have cartouches (enclosing borders which indicate the name of a king), and a hieroglyphic sign is added to indicate that they were foreigners, although typically on King Lists foreign rulers are not listed. -
EGYPT and the LEVANT Had Apparently Ceased
- Timothy Kendall - records of their existence are cemeteries of enormous burial mounds, thought to mark CHAPTER TWENTY-NINE their power centres: Ballana, Qustul, Zuma, Tangasi, el-Hobagi and others (Adams I977= 382-429; Lenoble 2004: I8~2, I93-203). Some of these tombs were very rich and belonged to rulers continuing Meroi'tic traditions, but literacy among them EGYPT AND THE LEVANT had apparently ceased. Missionaries from Byzantium and Alexandria converted the region to Christianity in the sixth century AD, and when written records resume, --._.-- the ancient land of Kush had been partitioned into three Christian Nubian (Noba) kingdoms (Anderson 2004: 202-8, 209-37). Manfred Bietak In 2004, construction began on the Merowe High Dam at the Fourth Cataract, about 360 kilometres north of Khartoum. This huge hydroelectric project, scheduled for completion in 2008, will create a lake 125 kilometres long, displace up to 70,000 people, and inundate a huge, remote tract whose settlement history, until now, has been completely unknown. This project has spurred a major international archaeological salvage campaign, reminiscent of that conducted in Egypt during the I960s. When its results are in, the history of Nubia will probably have to be radically rewritten - again (Ahmed 2004). esearch within the last two decades has shown that, from prehistoric times, NOTES R Egypt was not an isolated oasis of the river Nile but had close connections with the Near East. Not only have Natufian arrow tips been found near Helwan in Lower I Recent general reference works include Eide et aJ. 1994-2000; Torok 1997; Wildung I997; Egypt, but at Merimda, in the western delta, the entire lithic production and Morkot 2000; Smith 2003; Edwards 2004; Redford 2004b; Welsby and Anderson 2004.