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FSC National Risk Assessment
FSC National Risk Assessment for the Russian Federation DEVELOPED ACCORDING TO PROCEDURE FSC-PRO-60-002 V3-0 Version V1-0 Code FSC-NRA-RU National approval National decision body: Coordination Council, Association NRG Date: 04 June 2018 International approval FSC International Center, Performance and Standards Unit Date: 11 December 2018 International contact Name: Tatiana Diukova E-mail address: [email protected] Period of validity Date of approval: 11 December 2018 Valid until: (date of approval + 5 years) Body responsible for NRA FSC Russia, [email protected], [email protected] maintenance FSC-NRA-RU V1-0 NATIONAL RISK ASSESSMENT FOR THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION 2018 – 1 of 78 – Contents Risk designations in finalized risk assessments for the Russian Federation ................................................. 3 1 Background information ........................................................................................................... 4 2 List of experts involved in risk assessment and their contact details ........................................ 6 3 National risk assessment maintenance .................................................................................... 7 4 Complaints and disputes regarding the approved National Risk Assessment ........................... 7 5 List of key stakeholders for consultation ................................................................................... 8 6 List of abbreviations and Russian transliterated terms* used ................................................... 8 7 Risk assessments -
Aino Kallas Syrjässä
Lopen Joulu 2009 Aino Kallas Syrjässä Kirjailija Aino Kallas os. Krohn, tunnetun fennomaaniperheen tytär, vietti lapsuuden- ja nuoruudenkesänsä Lopen Sajaniemen Järventaustan Syrjässä. Kesällä 2009 Syrjässä järjestetyissä tapahtumissa oli esillä pieni tätä ajanjaksoa kuvaava näyttely, jossa esiteltyyn aineistoon tämä kirjoitus perustuu. Aikaisemmin on Aino Kallaksen vaiheista Lopella kertonut mm. Hele-Anneli Vähäkylä Lopen joulussa 1997. Godenhjelmit ja Syrjä Helsinkiläisellä lehtori B. F. Godenhjelmilla ja hänen Ida-vaimollaan oli 1870-luvulla kesänviettopaikkaa valitessaan monia vaihtoehtoja. Matkustaako kotimaassa vai ulkomailla, ostaako huvila vai majoittuako vuokrahuoneisiin tai hotelliin? Kaupunkiin jääminen ei heitä liene houkutellut, kuuluihan kesänvietto maaseudulla tai kylpylässä säädynmukaiseen elämään, eikä kaupungissa oleskelua kesäisin pidetty terveellisenäkään. Aiemmin Godenhjelmit olivat matkustaneet joka vuosi Haapsaluun, mutta tästä eteenpäin kesäpaikaksi vakiintui Loppi. Valintaan vaikutti varmaankin hyvä ystävä Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen, joka oli ostanut Leppälahden tilan Loppijärven rannalta muutamaa vuotta aikaisemmin. Godenhjelmit eivät kuitenkaan pitäneet oman kesäpaikan ostamista tarpeellisena, vaan vuokrasivat Syrjän tilan pihapiiristä ensin pari huonetta, myöhempinä kesinä vieraita varten rakennetun erillisen huvilan. Syrjän tila oli aiemmin ollut Sajaniemen kylän Jalkusen rusthollin torppa. Kantatila Jalkunen oli jaettu kahtia 1700-luvulla. Toinen puoli oli jaettu vielä uudelleen, jolloin Loppijärven länsipuolisesta -
COMMISSION DECISION of 21 December 2005 Amending for The
L 340/70EN Official Journal of the European Union 23.12.2005 COMMISSION DECISION of 21 December 2005 amending for the second time Decision 2005/693/EC concerning certain protection measures in relation to avian influenza in Russia (notified under document number C(2005) 5563) (Text with EEA relevance) (2005/933/EC) THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, cessed parts of feathers from those regions of Russia listed in Annex I to that Decision. Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, (3) Outbreaks of avian influenza continue to occur in certain parts of Russia and it is therefore necessary to prolong the measures provided for in Decision 2005/693/EC. The Decision can however be reviewed before this date depending on information supplied by the competent Having regard to Council Directive 91/496/EEC of 15 July 1991 veterinary authorities of Russia. laying down the principles governing the organisation of veterinary checks on animals entering the Community from third countries and amending Directives 89/662/EEC, 90/425/EEC and 90/675/EEC (1), and in particular Article 18(7) thereof, (4) The outbreaks in the European part of Russia have all occurred in the central area and no outbreaks have occurred in the northern regions. It is therefore no longer necessary to continue the suspension of imports of unprocessed feathers and parts of feathers from the Having regard to Council Directive 97/78/EC of 18 December latter. 1997 laying down the principles governing the organisation of veterinary checks on products entering the Community from third countries (2), and in particular Article 22 (6) thereof, (5) Decision 2005/693/EC should therefore be amended accordingly. -
Workers' Alliance Against Forced Labour and Trafficking
165˚W 150˚W 135˚W 120˚W 105˚W 90˚W 75˚W 60˚W 45˚W 30˚W 15˚W 0˚ 15˚E 30˚E 45˚E 60˚E 75˚E 90˚E 105˚E 120˚E 135˚E 150˚E 165˚E Workers' Alliance against Forced Labour and Tracking Chelyuskin Mould Bay Grise Dudas Fiord Severnaya Zemlya 75˚N Arctic Ocean Arctic Ocean 75˚N Resolute Industrialised Countries and Transition Economies Queen Elizabeth Islands Greenland Sea Svalbard Dickson Human tracking is an important issue in industrialised countries (including North Arctic Bay America, Australia, Japan and Western Europe) with 270,000 victims, which means three Novosibirskiye Ostrova Pond LeptevStarorybnoye Sea Inlet quarters of the total number of forced labourers. In transition economies, more than half Novaya Zemlya Yukagir Sachs Harbour Upernavikof the Kujalleo total number of forced labourers - 200,000 persons - has been tracked. Victims are Tiksi Barrow mainly women, often tracked intoGreenland prostitution. Workers are mainly forced to work in agriculture, construction and domestic servitude. Middle East and North Africa Wainwright Hammerfest Ittoqqortoormiit Prudhoe Kaktovik Cape Parry According to the ILO estimate, there are 260,000 people in forced labour in this region, out Bay The “Red Gold, from ction to reality” campaign of the Italian Federation of Agriculture and Siktyakh Baffin Bay Tromso Pevek Cambridge Zapolyarnyy of which 88 percent for labour exploitation. Migrant workers from poor Asian countriesT alnakh Nikel' Khabarovo Dudinka Val'kumey Beaufort Sea Bay Taloyoak Food Workers (FLAI) intervenes directly in tomato production farms in the south of Italy. Severomorsk Lena Tuktoyaktuk Murmansk became victims of unscrupulous recruitment agencies and brokers that promise YeniseyhighN oril'sk Great Bear L. -
Kun Tunsin Kuuluvani – Toiseus Ja Kuuluminen Uudessa Kulttuurissa Suomalaisesta Näkökulmasta
TAMPEREEN YLIOPISTO Henna Kostilainen Kun tunsin kuuluvani – Toiseus ja kuuluminen uudessa kulttuurissa suomalaisesta näkökulmasta Yhteiskunta- ja kulttuuritieteiden yksikkö Historian pro gradu -tutkielma Tampere 2018 Tampereen yliopisto Yhteiskunta- ja kulttuuritieteiden yksikkö KOSTILAINEN, HENNA: Kun tunsin kuuluvani – Toiseus ja kuuluminen uudessa kulttuurissa suomalaisesta näkökulmasta Pro gradu -tutkielma, 91 s. Historia Kesäkuu 2018 Matkakirjallisuus on tärkeä matkojen taltioinnin ja jäsentelyn väline. Matkakirjallisuudessa kirjoitta- jat ovat usein nostaneet esille itselleen tärkeitä teemoja, kuten kohtaamisia ja käsityksiä uudesta kult- tuurista. Matkustamiselle oli usein syynsä, kuten vaikkapa työ, opinnot tai silkka mielenkiinto uutta kulttuuria kohtaan. Matkustamisen aikana ihmisille kertyi erilaisia kokemuksia uudesta kulttuurista, ja pidempiä aikoja ulkomailla viettäneet usein integroituivat paikalliseen yhteiskuntaan. Integroitu- misprosessiin kuului erilaisia toiseuden ja kuulumisen kokemuksia. Tässä tutkimuksessa tarkastelen toiseuden ja kuulumisen kokemuksia ja tunteita osana sopeutumis- prosessia erilaisiin yhteisöihin. Tutkin kolmen suomalaisen naisen, Aino Kallaksen, Elsa Enäjärven ja Helmi Krohnin, kokemuksia toiseudesta ja kuulumisesta kielen ja kielikulttuurin, käytös- ja käyt- täytymiskulttuurin sekä luokkajaon näkökulmista. Kallas, Enäjärvi ja Krohn oleskelivat Britanniassa 1900-luvun alkuvuosikymmeninä eripituisia aikoja. Oleskelunsa aikana he kaikki sopeutuivat erilai- siin ryhmittymiin ja yhteisöihin, sekä -
Genetic Analysis of Male Hungarian Conquerors: European and Asian Paternal Lineages of the Conquering Hungarian Tribes
Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences (2020) 12: 31 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12520-019-00996-0 ORIGINAL PAPER Genetic analysis of male Hungarian Conquerors: European and Asian paternal lineages of the conquering Hungarian tribes Erzsébet Fóthi1 & Angéla Gonzalez2 & Tibor Fehér3 & Ariana Gugora4 & Ábel Fóthi5 & Orsolya Biró6 & Christine Keyser2,7 Received: 11 March 2019 /Accepted: 16 October 2019 /Published online: 14 January 2020 # The Author(s) 2020 Abstract According to historical sources, ancient Hungarians were made up of seven allied tribes and the fragmented tribes that split off from the Khazars, and they arrived from the Eastern European steppes to conquer the Carpathian Basin at the end of the ninth century AD. Differentiating between the tribes is not possible based on archaeology or history, because the Hungarian Conqueror artifacts show uniformity in attire, weaponry, and warcraft. We used Y-STR and SNP analyses on male Hungarian Conqueror remains to determine the genetic source, composition of tribes, and kin of ancient Hungarians. The 19 male individuals paternally belong to 16 independent haplotypes and 7 haplogroups (C2, G2a, I2, J1, N3a, R1a, and R1b). The presence of the N3a haplogroup is interesting because it rarely appears among modern Hungarians (unlike in other Finno-Ugric-speaking peoples) but was found in 37.5% of the Hungarian Conquerors. This suggests that a part of the ancient Hungarians was of Ugric descent and that a significant portion spoke Hungarian. We compared our results with public databases and discovered that the Hungarian Conquerors originated from three distant territories of the Eurasian steppes, where different ethnicities joined them: Lake Baikal- Altai Mountains (Huns/Turkic peoples), Western Siberia-Southern Urals (Finno-Ugric peoples), and the Black Sea-Northern Caucasus (Caucasian and Eastern European peoples). -
DISCUSSION PAPER Public Disclosure Authorized
SOCIAL PROTECTION & JOBS DISCUSSION PAPER Public Disclosure Authorized No. 1931 | MAY 2019 Public Disclosure Authorized Can Local Participatory Programs Enhance Public Confidence: Insights from the Local Initiatives Support Program in Russia Public Disclosure Authorized Ivan Shulga, Lev Shilov, Anna Sukhova, and Peter Pojarski Public Disclosure Authorized © 2019 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433 Telephone: +1 (202) 473 1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. RIGHTS AND PERMISSIONS The material in this work is subject to copyright. Because The World Bank encourages dissemination of its knowledge, this work may be reproduced, in whole or in part, for noncommercial purposes as long as full attribution to this work is given. Any queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to World Bank Publications, The World Bank Group, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, -
Notes on Proto-Mansi Word-Final Vocalism
Juho Pystynen Helsinki Notes on Proto-Mansi word-final vocalism 1. Introduction The history of the Mansi vocalism has been a subject of research already for more than a century. However, all three monographs published on the topic thus far (Hazay 1907, Kannisto 1919, Steinitz 1955) only treat first-syllable vocalism. Slightly more detail is found in Honti (1982 = GOV), who presents full Proto-Mansi (PMs) reconstructions in his comparative Ob-Ugric lexicon, but he still gives no overview of either the PMs second-syllable vocalism, its development from Proto-Ob-Ugric, or its development into the attested Mansi varieties. In this paper I attempt to take a first step towards this goal, focusing on word-final vowels in nominal stems. As research material, the 724 Proto-Mansi reconstructions and 105 additional etymological cognate sets presented in GOV would seem to cover the bulk of the old inherited vocabulary of Mansi, and they provide a relatively comprehensive basis for probing the historical development of the Mansi varieties. To this could be still added a number of words of old Uralic heritage not covered by Honti due to the absence of cognates in Khanty (e.g. the reflexes of Proto-Uralic kojwa* ‘birch’, *lämə ‘broth’, *wetə ‘water’). Such examples are however not numerous, and they do not seem to change the emerging big picture. Substantially more additional data can be found in the Mansi dialect dictionaries based on the collections of Munkácsi and Kannisto, but their analy- sis would first require further etymological work; they certainly contain much newer vocabulary from various other sources (e.g. -
Open-Source Morphology for Endangered Mordvinic Languages
Open-Source Morphology for Endangered Mordvinic Languages Jack Rueter Mika Hämäläinen Niko Partanen Dept. of Digital Humanities Dept. of Digital Humanities Dept. of Finnish, University of Helsinki University of Helsinki Finno-Ugrian [email protected] and Rootroo Ltd and Scandinavian Studies [email protected] University of Helsinki [email protected] Abstract languages. 2002 saw the publication of the first monolingual dictionary of Erzya (Abramov, 2002), This document describes shared development and the manuscript was proclaimed open by the of finite-state description of two closely re- author for future development. The Mordvin lan- lated but endangered minority languages, Erzya and Moksha. It touches upon mor- guages have continued to receive a fair share of pholexical unity and diversity of the two lan- linguistic research interest in the recent years (Luu- guages and how this provides a motivation for tonen, 2014; Hamari and Aasmäe, 2015; Kashkin shared open-source FST development. We de- and Nikiforova, 2015; Grünthal, 2016). scribe how we have designed the transducers After the release first finite-state transducer for so that they can benefit from existing open- the closely related Komi-Zyrian (Rueter, 2000), source infrastructures and are as reusable as possible. it was only obvious that similar work should be done for Erzya Mordvin. Fortunately, over the 1 Introduction past decade there has been an increasing number of publications on Erzya, relating to its morphol- There are over 5000 languages spoken world wide, ogy (Rueter, 2010), its OCR tools (Silfverberg and and a vast majority of them are endangered (see Rueter, 2015) and universal dependencies (Rueter Moseley 2010). -
The Role of the Republic of Karelia in Russia's Foreign and Security Policy
Eidgenössische “Regionalization of Russian Foreign and Security Policy” Technische Hochschule Zürich Project organized by The Russian Study Group at the Center for Security Studies and Conflict Research Andreas Wenger, Jeronim Perovic,´ Andrei Makarychev, Oleg Alexandrov WORKING PAPER NO.5 MARCH 2001 The Role of the Republic of Karelia in Russia’s Foreign and Security Policy DESIGN : SUSANA PERROTTET RIOS This paper gives an overview of Karelia’s international security situation. The study By Oleg B. Alexandrov offers an analysis of the region’s various forms of international interactions and describes the internal situation in the republic, its economic conditions and its potential for integration into the European or the global economy. It also discusses the role of the main political actors and their attitude towards international relations. The author studies the general problem of center-periphery relations and federal issues, and weighs their effects on Karelia’s foreign relations. The paper argues that the international contacts of the regions in Russia’s Northwest, including those of the Republic of Karelia, have opened up opportunities for new forms of cooperation between Russia and the EU. These contacts have en- couraged a climate of trust in the border zone, alleviating the negative effects caused by NATO’s eastward enlargement. Moreover, the region benefits economi- cally from its geographical situation, but is also moving towards European standards through sociopolitical modernization. The public institutions of the Republic -
Artistic Alliances and Revolutionary Rivalries in the Baltic Art World, 1890–1914
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR HISTORY, CULTURE AND MODERNITY www.history-culture-modernity.org Published by: Uopen Journals Copyright: © The Author(s). Content is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence eISSN: 2213-0624 Artistic Alliances and Revolutionary Rivalries in the Baltic Art World, 1890–1914 Bart Pushaw HCM 4 (1): 42–72 DOI: 10.18352/hcm.503 Abstract In the areas now known as Estonia and Latvia, art remained a field for the Baltic German minority throughout the nineteenth century. When ethnic Estonian and Latvian artists gained prominence in the late 1890s, their presence threatened Baltic German hegemony over the region’s culture. In 1905, revolution in the Russian Empire spilled over into the Baltic Provinces, sparking widespread anti-German violence. The revolution also galvanized Latvian and Estonian artists towards greater cultural autonomy and independence from Baltic German artistic insti- tutions. This article argues that the situation for artists before and after the 1905 revolution was not simply divisive along ethnic lines, as some nationalist historians have suggested. Instead, this paper examines how Baltic German, Estonian and Latvian artists oscillated between com- mon interests, inspiring rivalries, and politicized conflicts, question- ing the legitimacy of art as a universalizing language in multicultural societies. Keywords: Baltic art, Estonia, Latvia, multiculturalism, nationalism Introduction In the 1860s a visitor of the port towns of Riga or Tallinn would have surmised that these cities were primarily German-speaking areas of Imperial Russia. By 1900, however, one could hear not only German, but Latvian, Estonian, Russian, as well as Yiddish on the streets of Riga 42 HCM 2016, VOL. -
Финно-Угроведение, 2020 (№ 61) Научный Журнал Основан В Феврале 1994 Г
ФИННО-УГРОВЕДЕНИЕ, 2020 (№ 61) Научный журнал Основан в феврале 1994 г. ISSN 2312-0312 (Print), ISSN 2713-2250 (Online) Учредитель – Государственное бюджетное научное учреждение при Правительстве Республики Марий Эл «Марийский научно-исследовательский институт языка, литературы и истории им. В.М. Васильева» Редакционный совет: Кузьмин Евгений Петрович, председатель ред. совета, канд. ист. н., директор МарНИИЯЛИ (г. Йошкар-Ола) Пенькова Мария Викентьевна, секретарь ред. совета, канд. филол. н., зам. директора-ученый секретарь МарНИИЯЛИ (г. Йошкар-Ола) Агранат Татьяна Борисовна, д-р филол. н., ведущий научный сотрудник Института языкознания РАН (г. Москва) Воронцов Владимир Степанович, канд. ист. н., старший научный сотрудник Удмуртского института истории, языка и литературы УрО РАН (г. Ижевск) Зайцева Нина Григорьевна, д-р филол. н., зав. сектором языкознания Института языка, литературы и истории КарНЦ РАН (г. Петрозаводск) Косинцева Елена Викторовна, д-р филол. н., доцент, главный научный сотрудник Обско-угорского института прикладных исследований и разработок (г. Ханты-Мансийск) Крыласова Наталья Борисовна, д-р ист. н., главный научный сотрудник Пермского федерального исследовательского центра УрО РАН (г. Пермь) Куршева Галина Александровна, д-р ист. н., директор Научно-исследовательского института гуманитарных наук при Правительстве Республики Мордовия (г. Саранск) Лехтинен Илдико, д-р философии, доцент Хельсинкского университета (г. Хельсинки, Финляндия) Ошаев Алексей Григорьевич, канд. ист. н., декан историко-филологического факультета Марийского государственного университета (г. Йошкар-Ола) Пустаи Янош, профессор, д-р философии, председатель Ассоциации финно-угорских литератур, директор Института Collegium Fenno-Ugricum (г. Будапешт, Венгрия) Ракин Анатолий Николаевич, д-р филол. н., главный научный сотрудник Института языка, литературы и истории Коми НЦ УрО РАН (г. Сыктывкар) Сергеев Олег Арсентьевич, канд. филол. н., старший научный сотрудник МарНИИЯЛИ (г.