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Trans-‐Temporality, and Hi UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Between the Times: Trans-Temporality, and Historical Representation A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Gender Studies by Jacob Roberts Lau 2016 © Copyright by Jacob Roberts Lau 2016 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Between the Times: Trans-Temporality, and Historical Representation by Jacob Roberts Lau Doctor of Philosophy in Gender Studies University of California, Los Angeles, 2016 Professor Kyungwon Hong, Chair While the field of transgender studies has recently emerged at the boundaries of feminist and queer theory, only recently have scholars begun to theorize “trans” as an intersectional category that is always formed through constructions of race, gender, class, sexuality, nationality, and imperialism. This project contributes to this conversation by arguing for reading trans history, memoir and literary representation as a different experience of gendered and racialized time. In order to survive a cis (non-trans) normative world, trans bodies, narratives, and lives are narrated as a linear transition from one gender and/or sex to another in ways that preserve gender binaries and developmental notions of progress. Coining the term “trans-temporality” as both an experiential affect and a method of reading trans narratives against normative notions of sex, gender, race, class, sexuality and nationality, my project primarily thinks transgender through postcolonial, queer, and historical materialist theorizations of time and historicism that push against and suggest alternatives to purely linear temporalities, situating trans within traditions of temporal critique, and affective histories of non-normative embodiment. ii The dissertation of Jacob Roberts Lau is approved. Sarah Haley Rachel C. Lee Victor Bascara Aren Aizura Kyungwon Hong, Committee Chair University of California, Los Angeles 2012 iii DEDICATION To Blanche Ching Lau, who gave me the space to be, and to imagine otherwise. Without your acceptance there would be no trans-temporality. And also, to Hermione, my feline companion who is really glad I’ll no longer be muttering to her and myself about trans-temporality. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION Why Trans-Temporality? 1 Bibliography 27 CHAPTER 1 Sistership as Survival: Memorializing and Remembering Sylvia Rivera, Marsha P. Johnson and Street Queens in Exile 30 Bibliography 74 CHAPTER 2 Michael Dillon/Lobzang Jivaka in/on the Threshold: A Meditation on the Time of Waiting, Post-colonial Crossings, and Religious Desire 76 Bibliography 113 CHAPTER 3 Potholes of the Past: Incorporable Neoliberal Identities, and Trans-Temporality’s Affects in Leche 115 Bibliography 161 EPILOGUE Out of Time and Worldmaking Where Trans and Cis Times Meet 163 Bibliography 168 v LIST OF FIGURES 1.1 Malcolm Michael’s Death Certificate (1992)………………………………………………..72 1.2 Malcolm Michael’s Application for a Social Security Card (1960)…………………………73 vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Numerous centers and departments on UCLA’s campus generously supported this project. First, I received travel grants during the summers of 2010 and 2013 from the Center for the Study of Women which let me travel to Harvard’s Widener Library and research the writings of Michael Dillon/Lobzang Jivaka. Second, UCLA’s Institute for American Cultures and specifically the Asian American Studies Center, Bunche Center for African American Studies, and Chicano Studies Research Center all supported my research on Sylvia Rivera and Marsha P. Johnson in the New York Public Library Archives and the New York LGBT Center’s National Archives with a Graduate Research Grant during 2013. Rich Wandel at the NY LGBT Center’s National Archives was particularly helpful in locating newly cataloged ephemera on Marsha P. Johnson by her former roommate Randy Wicker. The department of Asian American Studies at UCLA has oft been my second departmental home over the past seven years, and I particularly want to thank Victor Bascara for that. Last but certainly not least, UCLA’s Gender Studies Department, and particularly Grace Kyungwon Hong, Rachel Lee, Sarah Haley, and former Chair Chris Littleton have gone above and beyond the standard level of graduate care in mentoring, guiding and supporting me. I was also very fortunate to have Aren Z. Aizura’s mentorship and feedback on this project. His expertise on trans studies and postcolonial studies was part of what inspired this project. As my mentor since I stepped foot on the UCLA campus, Grace Hong has unfailingly molded me into the scholar I am today. Whether it was to teach me the importance of being on time, lending me briefcases for job interviews, helping me find my voice in the classroom or lending me Battlestar Gallactica dvds for post-surgical recovery, Grace did it all. I cannot begin express my gratitude to be her advisee. vii CURRICULUM VITAE Education 2009 Harvard Divinity School Cambridge, MA Master of Theological Studies Emphasis in Women, Gender, and Sexuality in Religion 2006 University of California, Berkeley Berkeley, CA Bachelor of Arts in English, Minors in Music and LGBT Studies Graduated With Honors 2002-2004 University of California, Davis Davis, CA Publications Books Michael Dillon/Lobzang Jivaka. Out of the Ordinary. co-edited (with Dr. Cameron Partridge) with co-written introduction (under contract at Fordham University Press) Conferences and Paper Presentations November 2013 National Women’s Studies Association Annual Cincinnati, OH Conference “The Trans-Feminist Body in Production: Changing Names, Subjects and Analytics” Oral Presentation February 2013 Thinking Gender Plenary Panel Los Angeles, CA “Which Child? Whose Queerness? On Situated Knowledges, Queer Embodiments and No Future” Oral Presentation November 2012 National Women’s Studies Association Annual Conference Oakland, CA “Affect, Intersectional Assemblage and National Abjection: Queer Regeneration read in-between lines of flight in Out of the Ordinary” Oral Presentation March 2011 Critical Ethnic Studies and the Future of Genocide: Riverside, CA Settler Colonialism / Heteropatriarchy / White Supremacy “Now You See Me, but You Don’t: On Neoliberal Exceptionals, Transgender Citizenship, and the Politics of Counting” Co-authored with Bo Luengsuraswat Oral Presentation April 2010 Quarantine UC Irvine Culture and Theory Graduate Irvine, CA Student Conference viii “Passing Hybrid: Subjectivity and Identity in FTMs of Color” Oral Presentation Teaching Teaching Fellow/Instructor Winter 2013 LGBTS 183.2 Queer/Trans of Color Genealogies: UCLA Cultures and Theories Summer 2014 Gender Studies 103: Power UCLA Summer 2015 LGBTS M114: Introduction to LGBT Studies UCLA Fall 2015 Gender Studies 122: Masculinities UCLA Spring 2016 Gender Studies 185: Narrating The Trans Self: Intro to UCLA Transgender Studies Professional Experience June 2005–July 2006 Emerging Leaders Program San Francisco, CA Glide Foundation Created and the Staff Stories Project for social networking and recording Glide history. Interviewed over 20 Glide staff members then created and wrote up their personal stories on individual profile pages within Glide's internal website. Since the 1960’s Glide and Reverend Cecil Williams have been at the forefront of the major social justice movements in San Francisco, including the 1968 San Francisco State student protests demanding an Ethnic Studies program and affirmative action. The church has also hosted the Black Panther Party, Vanguard, one of the earliest gay and transgender youth groups, and one of the earliest and longest running crack cocaine recovery programs in the United States. July 2007-Aug 2008 Intern to President Faust’s Special Assistant Cambridge, MA Harvard University Office of the President Assembled briefing books with daily scheduled meetings. Handled confidential materials including correspondence and tenure committee documents. Service and Leadership January 2014 Gender Studies Admission Committee Student Representative UCLA Oct-Nov 2013 Thinking Gender 2014 Selection Committee UCLA Center for the Study of Women July-Sept 2013 Digital Lab Curator: Mixed Race Feminism(s) Online Asian American Literary Review Magazine Mixed Race Initiative and Synchronous Teaching Program ix Introduction: Why Trans-Temporality? Introduction and Overview of Topic Although Transgender Studies is often thought through feminist and queer theories and histories of embodiment, materiality, spatiality, sexuality, history, and cultural representation this project asks what can be gained by situating the temporalities at work in trans narratives and representation through questions of time as well as racial, sexual, and gender economy through the use of post-colonial theory, women of color feminism, critical trans theory, and queer of color critique.1 While this dissertation is concerned with theories of materiality and cultural representation, it is more concerned with asking how state enacted forms of time regulate and discipline the experience of embodiment, allowing some bodies more time to be visible, celebrated, and claimed by the nation, (as exceptional figures, as well as projects and products of empire, and transnational circulation), while others survive through informal economies, are locked away in prisons, and are decried as sexually aberrant, out-of-sync with the progress of the nation state. Of course, depending on who is narrating a story and how that narration is mediated trans narratives, bodies, and lives can come in and out of view multiple times, because
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