AALL Spectrum Celebrating Our Differences

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Volume 10 AALLNo. 4 February 2006 SpectrumAALL: A Century of Leadership 1906-2006

Celebrating Our Differences An Exploration of the Diversity in Law Librarianship

In This Issue

Teaching Legal Research to the Public

How to Identify Your Library’s Brand

Perspective: Is the Profession Perpetuating its Own Shortage?

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letter from the editor Volume 10 No. 4 February 2006

AALL Spectrum Celebrating Our Differences

Editorial Staff by Paul D. Healey, [email protected] Director of Publications and Managing Editor Julia O’Donnell [email protected] his month, AALL Spectrum continues to explore issues that are Editorial Director Paul D. Healey worth discussing as part of AALL’s centennial year. These are [email protected] T broad issues that will have an impact on the Association and Copy Editor Robert B. Barnett Jr. law librarianship for years to come. Diversity is an issue that emerged Graphic Designer Kathy Wozbut in the latter half of AALL’s first 100 years. It will continue to be an 2005–2006 Law Library Journal and AALL Spectrum important topic for the foreseeable future, so it seemed appropriate for Editorial Board and Advisory Committee Chair Richard A. Leiter a Spectrum issue theme. In looking for articles for this issue, we wanted to concentrate Members on both broad diversity issues as well as emerging themes. I hope we’ve managed to do Beth DiFelice Mary Ann Parker Mark E. Estes Maria Protti so in the limited space we have. Naomi J. Goodman Paul D. Healey (ex officio) Gender is a good place to start when thinking about diversity in the profession. Kurt X. Metzmeier Frank G. Houdek (ex officio) Matthew M. Morrison Daniel R. Campbell (ex officio) Librarianship has historically been a predominantly female profession and, like nursing Kristina L. Niedringhaus Kathie J. Sullivan (board liaison) and teaching, one in which men, although fewer in number, have tended to rise farther 2005–2006 Executive Board President Claire M. Germain and faster. The historical gender statistics for law librarianship are interestingly different Vice President/President-Elect Sarah G. Holterhoff from librarianship in general, but still raise important questions. So then, does gender Secretary Darcy Kirk Treasurer Joyce Manna Janto matter in law librarianship today? Mary Rumsey has written an article for this issue that Immediate Past President Victoria K. Trotta explores that question. Mary is a past winner of AALL Spectrum’s Article of the Year Executive Director Susan E. Fox Members Award, and like all of her work, this article is as interesting as it is well written. Steven P. Anderson Anne K. Myers I think the question of whether gender still matters is answered partly by a Kathy Carlson Merle J. Slyhoff Lyonette Louis-Jacques Kathie J. Sullivan conundrum that Mary ran into while writing the article. She spoke to a variety of people looking for quotes for the article and found that almost none of them were willing to be AALL Spectrum (ISSN: 1089–8689) is published monthly except January and August with combined September/October by the identified in the article. We decided to go ahead with publishing anonymous quotations American Association of Law Libraries, 53 W. Jackson Blvd., Suite because of the very interesting portrait it paints of the gender issue in law librarianship 940, Chicago, IL 60604. Telephone: 312/939-4764, fax: 312/431- 1097, e-mail: [email protected]. Periodicals postage paid at Chicago, today. Illinois and additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to AALL Spectrum, 53 W. Jackson Blvd., Suite 940, Chicago, One of the ways that AALL supports diversity is by allowing for groups and forums IL 60604. within the organization that reflect particular groups and identities. For this issue of Writers wanted — contribute to your Association’s magazine. Spectrum we thought we’d look at two of these: a brand new AALL caucus and an For guidelines, visit www.aallnet.org or contact Editorial Director established standing committee. The 2005 Annual Meeting in San Antonio saw the Paul D. Healey at [email protected]. inauguration of the new Latino Law Librarians Caucus. Dennis Kim-Prieto, himself a AALL Spectrum Deadlines Articles are due on the following dates: brand new member of the profession, is a member of the caucus, was present at the first 2006 Issue Deadline meeting, and has written an article for Spectrum that looks at why the caucus was formed Vol. 10, No. 7 May March 2 No. 8 June April 6 and what it hopes to achieve. No. 9 July May 4 The more established group that we look at in this issue is the Standing Committee Copy sent through a columnist or guest editor should be submitted for Lesbian and Gay Issues of the Social Responsibilities Special Interest Section. This to him or her well in advance of the monthly deadline. group has been a part of AALL for 20 years. Elvira Embser-Herbert tells us how the AALLNET: www.aallnet.org committee came to be and describes its goals. Advertising Representatives Another important issue addressed recently in Spectrum is that of recruiting new Benson, Coffee & Associates 1411 Peterson Ave., Park Ridge, IL 60068 members to the profession and particularly the challenges presented by the anticipated Telephone: 847/692-4695 • Fax: 847/692-3877 upcoming wave of retirements. Craig Eastland wrote a very good article on the topic for E-mail: [email protected] the November 2005 issue of Spectrum. Not everyone believes that this issue is as dire as AALL Spectrum is a free benefit of membership in the American Association of Law Libraries. Of each year’s dues, $42 is for one year it seems or as simple. Sid Kaskey has written a response to Craig’s article in which he of AALL Spectrum. Nonmembers may subscribe to AALL Spectrum for challenges some of the assumptions being made and highlights some other issues that, $75 per year. For membership and/or subscription information, please contact the American Association of Law Libraries at the address above. he feels, may exaggerate the problem. Now matter how you feel about the topic, I think

The American Association of Law Libraries does not assume any you’ll agree that Sid’s response is thought provoking. responsibility for the statements advanced by the contributors to, In a related vein, Ellie Slade has written an article on compensation issues for nor the advertisers in, the Association’s publication. Editorial views do not necessarily represent the official position of the Association. the profession and raises the question of whether law librarian compensation reflects All advertising copy is subject to editorial approval. the actual value of law librarians to the organizations they serve. She points out, in All contents copyright 2006 by the American Association of Law effect, that the problem of replacing retiring librarians may solve itself if our jobs are Libraries, except where otherwise expressly indicated. Except as otherwise expressly provided, the author of each item in this issue has eliminated because our employers don’t understand our value. Also related is our public granted permission for copies of that item to be made for classroom use or for any other educational purpose, provided that (1) copies relations article this month. Written by Susan Fowler, it explores the idea of branding are distributed at or below cost, (2) author and AALL Spectrum are libraries—again in service of proving our worth to those who use our services. identified, and (3) proper notice of copyright is affixed to each copy. For items in which it holds copyright, the American Association of There’s a lot more in this issue of Spectrum as well. For example, our professional Law Libraries grants permission for copies to be made for classroom development article this month is by Paula Seeger and looks at how to teach legal use or for any other educational purpose under the same conditions. research skills to members of the public. She takes an interesting approach that might be useful for any librarian who deals with members of the public. We hope you find this issue of Spectrum interesting and useful.

AALL Spectrum February 2006 1 AALLSpectrum_Feb 1/13/06 3:21 PM Page 2

table of contents

pg. 18 features 8 Practicing Law Librarianship: Teaching Legal Research to the Public What we CAN DO to serve the public and gain supporters for our libraries by Paula Seeger

Public Relations: Even Law 10 Libraries Need a Brand How to identify your library’s brand and use it to its full potential departments by Susan Fowler 22 Ad Index 12 La solución seremos todos (We Will All Be the Solution) Memorials Why the AALL Latino 39 Carol Alpert (left) formed the Standing Caucus matters to you Member to Member Committee for Lesbian and Gay Issues in by Dennis C. Kim-Prieto 42 1985. Camille Broussard (right) is a past 44 Views from You chair of the committee. Is the Law Library a 16 Woman’s World? An examination of how, if at all, gender is a factor in law librarianship columns by Mary Rumsey announcements 1 Letter from the Editor 18 A Community Within 22 Fessenden, Henderson, Why the heck is there a 4 From the President and Winston Elected to Standing Committee for Lesbian Executive Board and Gay Issues anyway? 6 From the Secretary by Elvira Embser-Herbert 22 Last Call for Papers 7 Washington Brief 24 Lighting a Fire under a Bushel Mid-America Consortium How to ignite law librarians’ 32 Chapter News compensation, recruitment, 22 Hires Executive Director, and job satisfaction SIS News Changes Name by Ellie Slade 34 38 Membership News 28 Perspective: A Self-Fulfilling Shortage? Committee News By expecting more from new 40 law librarians, we may be restricting the profession and limiting opportunities by Sid Kaskey center insert The CRIV Sheet pg.44

View from the William Mitchell College of Law Warren E. Burger Law Library in St. Paul, Minnesota. Photo by Don Zhou, head of technical services.

2 AALL Spectrum February 2006 AALLSpectrum_SeptOct 9/11/05 2:44 PM Page 39

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from the by Claire M. Germain, [email protected] president that releases the This summer both the House and document. For Senate passed very different bills to example, a Senate reauthorize this controversial law. Sixteen bill should have of its provisions were due to expire on AALL’s National the authenticating December 31, 2005, including Section 215. Advocacy Efforts signature of The Government Relations Committee and the clerk of the Washington Affairs Office issued an action AALL members and entities have Senate. The GPO alert last November because the conference been hard at work on national authentication seal only report reconciling the House and Senate advocacy efforts, including reflects that the document is bills did not include some very important authentication of government information, what the Senate sent to the GPO; safeguards contained in the Senate bill. permanent public access to legal it does not, however, attest to the “official As a result of your help and a large information, and influencing the USA character” of the Senate bill. national grassroots effort, conferees went PATRIOT Act and the Digital Millennium back to the table and agreed to a second, Copyright Act. Special thanks to the Permanent Public Access to slightly improved, conference report. It Washington Affairs Office, Bob Oakley, Legal Information/Vulnerable includes four-, rather than seven-, year and Mary Alice Baish; to the Government Information sunsets for the more contentious provisions, Relations Committee, chaired by As you have seen in the November 2005 including Section 215. However, it still Tim Coggins; and to the Copyright AALL Spectrum Members’ Briefing on allows the use of national security letters with Committee, chaired by Paul Callister, permanent public access to legal little accountability or oversight. A bipartisan for their continuous efforts to steer us information, AALL is currently discussing handful of senators threatened a filibuster in the right direction. with other organizations how it can best and were able to delay a vote on the Senate support efforts to ensure long-term access Authentication of E-Law floor. Congress eventually agreed to extend to born-digital legal information and the the act until February 3, giving them little AALL is working at the federal and state levels preservation of print legal materials. time to work out the remaining differences. to ensure that digital government information Born-digital official legal information The Washington Affairs Office continues to is certified to be the official and authentic raises particular concerns because it monitor the reauthorization bill. version of a legal document. This will ensure has no print equivalent and is therefore I am very grateful to Associate that citizens using legal information found more vulnerable to alterations and Washington Affairs Representative Mary Alice on government Web sites can rely on the fact disappearance. Under good conditions, Baish, who always fights the good fight and that the document is authentic. official court reports, session laws, and alerts us when member action is required. I Under the leadership of Richard codes printed on acid-free paper, will also want to thank each of you who took the Matthews, chair of the Access to Electronic last for centuries. The same information time to respond to this important alert by Information Committee, and in collabor- published in digital form may become calling your Congress members during the ation with the Washington Affairs Office obsolete within five years. Thanksgiving recess. As usual, law librarians and the Government Relations Committee, Beyond the technical problems related do make a difference, and we look forward AALL is currently conducting a 50-state to the fragility of the digital medium, a to your continued help on this and other Authentication Survey to determine which number of financial, legal, and policy issues important issues in the coming year. states, if any, offer “official” and “authentic” are at stake in a democracy where no one versions of primary legal resources on their can ignore the law and citizens feel entitled Joint Library Comments on § 1201 Web sites. to free access to government information. of the Digital Millennium From preliminary results, most What is at stake is the transmission of Copyright Act government Web sites publishing primary official documents, “the word of the law,” On the copyright front, AALL and the legal resources—statutes, session laws, and to future generations. Law librarians have other members of the Library Copyright court opinions—have a disclaimer directing a role to play to foster equitable and Alliance (the American Library Association, users to official print resources to avoid permanent access to legal information. Association of Research Libraries, Medical possible errors in the online text. Foreign Library Association, and the Special countries, such as Australia, Belgium, Reauthorization of the Libraries Association) filed joint comments Canada, and France, have already moved to USA PATRIOT Act to the Copyright Office on December 1 in a certified digital signature for some of their AALL has long been on record as opposing the triennial rulemaking for exceptions to official documents. provisions of the USA PATRIOT Act that § 1201 to allow libraries to circumvent a At the federal level, the Government erode the privacy and confidentiality of library technological protection measure to gain Printing Office (GPO) plans to publish and users, specifically Sections 215 and 505. access to a lawfully acquired work. disseminate most federal documents to its Section 215 gives the government the The Washington Affairs Office prepared 1,400 federal depository libraries uniquely in power to access information from libraries comments on behalf of AALL, which electronic form. The GPO has developed a about patron records without probable cause. support the renewal of the exemptions “GPO Seal of Authenticity,” which notifies Section 505 allows the FBI to issue its own granted in 2003 because, to our knowledge, users that a document has not been altered since “national security letters” under gag order to there has been no adverse impact on the it was authenticated and disseminated by GPO. compel production of Internet-use records market for the classes of copyrighted works Law librarians indicate that the from any entity that provides the public with to which the exemptions applied. authentication of the documents needs access to the Internet. The press reported last In addition, we requested two new to occur at the office of the agency, summer that the FBI now issues more than exemptions including one for “Audiovisual congressional officer or body, or other entity 30,000 national security letters a year. works and sound recordings distributed in (continued on page 41) 4 AALL Spectrum February 2006 AALLSpectrum_Feb 1/13/06 8:35 AM Page 5

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from the by Darcy Kirk, [email protected] secretary of funding for program and local advisory committee professional chairs for the 2007 Annual Meeting in New Education Summit development Orleans, as well as four new members and a and Future of Law planning. chair for the Nominations Committee, and Librarianship (More recently, has begun her orientation to become Dominate Board this task team president in 2006. Fox also attended the Meeting was split into two, IFLA meeting, organized the Education leaving the issue of Summit, and hired Raquel Ortiz, head of funding for task team three). reference services at Boston University As I write, there are still leaves on the Finally, Saturday morning’s session Pappas Law Library, as the new AALLNET trees—a testament to the long, warm fall we centered on law librarianship as a profession. coordinator. President Claire Germain lead this had in New England this year. Though there Oakley and Baish continued their is talk of snow for the coming weekend, conversation, which developed from her tradition of reporting in depth on some today the temperature is in the 60s and “From the Desk Of” questions regarding the of the recent activities of the Washington the skies are blue. The weather during the “Big Issues” of law librarianship. Germain Affairs Office. Oakley educated the board Executive Board’s fall meeting was equally was interested in the board’s thoughts on the about the work of the newly created Section warm, and we enjoyed a very fruitful time. future of the profession of law librarianship, 108 Study Committee, set up through the The AALL Executive Board met for its including the economic status of librarians fall meeting on October 14-15, 2005, in and their societal standing. All three parts of auspices of Mary Beth Peters of the U.S. Oak Brook, Illinois. The board was joined the retreat engendered active participation Copyright Office, which focuses on issues by Council of Chapter Presidents Chair from the board. related to orphan works—works that are Beth DiFelice, SIS Council Chair Carole As usual, the board spent time reviewing still within copyright law but where the Hinchcliff, Bob Oakley and Mary Alice the Association’s financial situation. Happily, copyright owner cannot be located. The Baish from the Washington Affairs Office, AALL continues to be in good financial committee is also conducting a review of and Executive Director Susan Fox and health with a large reserve fund. Section 108 of the Copyright Act, including Director of Finance and Administration the need for a change in language due to Lynn Cotteleer from AALL Headquarters. Actions the presence of electronic formats. Oakley The meeting agenda included several is a member of the committee, along with Retreat Discussions action items. The board approved a motion AALL member Lolly Gasaway, director of As has been the case for several years, the from the Price Index for Legal Publications the law library and professor of law at the fall board meeting included time specifically Advisory Committee to move the University of North Carolina at Chapel devoted to a retreat. All day Friday and production of the Price Index to AALL Hill Law Library and one of the committee Saturday morning was set aside to orient Headquarters, with the committee co-chairs. The committee has representatives the new board to strategic thinking and continuing to provide advice and input. from the publishing industry, film industry, to discuss the results of the Education Next, the board supported a motion and archival groups, as well as from the Summit. Cate Bower, a facilitator with for the continued existence of the Access to library world. Tecker Consultants who has worked with Electronic Legal Information Committee Baish addressed the board regarding the board during the past year on its (AELIC) in a new role. That role will the Government Printing Office (GPO) Strategic Directions document, was the include identifying Web sites with best and the Federal Depository Library facilitator for the retreat discussions. practices that are important to law Program. Depository libraries continue to librarians, such as permanent public access. The retreat discussions were divided be concerned about maintaining their Finally, the board considered the future into three parts. Friday morning the board important role in promoting permanent of the Citation Formats Committee. It was focused its thoughts on its new model of public access to government information strategic thinking and planning. The role decided that the committee would continue while GPO converts titles to electronic of a board in an association, how the under a new name, Citations Committee, format with no reliable system in place to association might achieve its full potential, and with a new focus, to study the problem ensure version control, authenticity, or how to maintain trust, and how to move of disappearing urls in judicial opinions. permanent access. One possible solution forward with the Strategic Directions were is the Lots Of Copies Keeps Stuff Safe some of the issues discussed. Reports Friday afternoon’s conversation centered President Germain, Vice-President Sally (LOCKSS) project. LOCKSS is open source on next steps for AALL’s professional Holterhoff, and Executive Director Fox software that provides institutes with ways development program as recommended by reported on their activities since the July to collect, store, and preserve access to their the members who attended the Education board meeting. Germain has represented own electronic content. Finally, Baish looks Summit in September. The board decided AALL at the ABA Council of the Section forward to hiring a new staff person to assist to create two task teams to carry out the of Legal Education and Admission to her in the Washington Affairs Office. That work. Task team one was designated for the Bar in Chicago, the International position will include responsibility for short-term work, including the development Federation of Library Associations (IFLA) communications and grass roots advocacy. of a professional development calendar on meeting in Oslo, and the International If you have any questions about any of AALLNET. Task team two will provide Association of Law Libraries meeting in these matters, please feel free to contact me oversight, ongoing guidance, and sources Florence. Holterhoff has selected her or any member of the Executive Board.

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washington by Mary Alice Baish brief (D-Ill.), Russell georgetown.edu/aallwash/ODFMassachusett Feingold (D- sTrimarcoDec05.pdf. Wis.), Lisa Legislative Activities Murkowski The Community Broadband in the New Year (R-Alaska), Ken Act of 2005 Salazar (D-Colo.), Last summer, AALL joined an informal As the first session of the 109th and John E. Sununu community broadband coalition seeking Congress came to a close, there were (R-N.H.)—threatened to promote universal, affordable Internet many important ongoing legislative activities, a filibuster unless several access for all Americans and to help local described below, that have carried over into changes were made to protect civil liberties, governments respond to disasters, such the new year. In addition, the fiscal year including a shorter sunset for the Sec. 215 as hurricanes Katrina and Rita. Many (FY) 2007 appropriations process will begin provision on business records. municipalities have already implemented with the release of the president’s budget on The second conference report released community broadband networks, and February 6. Since a substantial portion of the right before the December recess had most recently, the City of New Orleans federal budget has been earmarked for the some slight improvements but failed to announced a program to provide free Departments of Homeland Security and provide the necessary standards for law wireless to help revitalize the local economy. Defense the past several years, we anticipate enforcement’s use of “national security The coalition supports S. 1294, the a challenge to get the full funding requests letters” to prevent their abuse. With the Community Broadband Act of 2005, for the Federal Depository Library Program clock ticking and members of Congress introduced by Senators Frank Lautenberg and the Law Library of Congress in FY eager to head home for the holiday recess, (D-N.J.) and John McCain (R-Ariz.). We 2007. the filibuster threat kept the reauthorization may call on you to help us get additional During the past year, the AALL bill from reaching the Senate floor. cosponsors before the Senate Commerce grassroots community has responded in Conferees hurriedly agreed to extend the Committee holds its first hearing on great numbers to our action alerts on the act to February 3, giving lawmakers little February 14. For more information, please reauthorization of the USA PATRIOT Act time to negotiate the most contentious read our December 13 letter that was sent and the Government Printing Office provisions before the new deadline. to all members of the Senate at www.ll. (GPO)’s plan to eliminate the distribution I’d like to join Claire in thanking you georgetown.edu/aallwash/CBCSenCoal of core legal titles in print to depository for your tremendous response to our action Letter1205.pdf. libraries. I’d like to take this opportunity alerts on this issue during the past year. to thank each of you who contacted your Well done! Opposition to BARDA elected representatives in Washington in Sen. Richard Burr (R-N.C.) introduced S. response to our calls for action. All politics is Support for Open Document 1873, the Biodefense and Pandemic Vaccine local, and your participation in our advocacy Format and Drug Development Act (BARDA), to work clearly made a huge difference. AALL joined the American Library create a new agency at the Department Since advocacy is one of AALL’s new Association, Association of Research Libraries, of Health and Human Services to fight Strategic Directions, the Government Special Libraries Association, and the Medical bioterrorism. The agency would be totally Relations Committee and the Washington Library Association in sending a letter to exempt from the Freedom of Information Affairs Office will work even harder to officials in Massachusetts urging the common- Act (FOIA) and some provisions of the engage more of you in our important policy wealth to adopt the open document format Federal Advisory Committee Act (FACA). work. One of the first things you might (ODF) for all electronic documents created The purpose of the new agency is consider is to join the AALL Advocacy by the executive branch. The standard, to facilitate research vaccines and drug online discussion list—you’ll find a quick recommended by the secretary of the executive treatments on avian flu, anthrax, etc., link to the subscription form at www.ll. office for administration and finance, would be and the bill’s sponsors want to protect georgetown.edu/aallwash. Your help will be required by the end of 2006. Microsoft has proprietary information and “sensitive” needed more than ever in 2006, so please lobbied hard to prevent its adoption. research information. Open government stay tuned. Digital technology has made libraries’ advocates have strongly opposed the preservation functions significantly more measure and have successfully sidetracked Reauthorization of the complicated. If government agencies create its enactment this year. USA PATRIOT Act documents in ODF, the information will Our position is that current law—both As President Claire Germain noted in her remain accessible in the future because any FOIA and FACA—are more than adequate to column this month (on page 4), the programmer will be able to find its open, protect both categories of scientific research reauthorization of the USA PATRIOT Act’s nonproprietary specifications. It will be they want to safeguard. Sen. Burr’s staff seems 16 provisions due to expire at the end of significantly easier for libraries to ensure that willing to work with our community to fix December 2005 was stalled by a small patrons 100 years from now will be able to the problem, and negotiations are underway. bipartisan contingent of senators who want read these historically important documents. the bill to reflect a better balance between If ODF is adopted in the common- March 13 Sunshine Week government surveillance and protection of wealth, we hope to encourage other states Teleconference—Are We Safer civil liberties. The first conference report to follow Massachusetts’ lead to ensure that in the Dark? agreed to by conferees was derailed before their citizens maintain the ability to access It’s not too late to be a host site for a the Thanksgiving recess when six senators— critical government information in the national teleconference celebrating Sunshine Larry Craig (R-Idaho), Richard J. Durbin future. You’ll find our letter at www.ll. (continued on page 37)

AALL Spectrum February 2006 7 AALLSpectrum_Feb 1/13/06 8:36 AM Page 8

Teaching Legal Research to the What we CAN DO to serve the public and gain supporters f

ave you noticed that when law she either doesn’t want to do or doesn’t feel librarians serve members of the confident about affects the instructor’s Hpublic, we tend to focus on what attitude and, in turn, the class participants’ we can’t do: we can’t give legal advice, we attitude. If the library is committed to can’t help you fill out that form, and we creating quality classes as part of an overall can’t interpret that law for your situation. goal of valued outreach and educational But there are many things that we can do, services, the quality of each class and especially when it comes to teaching legal instructor should reflect it. You can tell the research classes to the public. instructor’s confidence and attitude by his or In 2002, the Dane County Law Library her delivery and from the class evaluations. faced elimination due to a county budget Enthusiasm flows through the instructor shortage. Following a successful effort to into the class participants. If you’re excited restore funding, the library staff decided that about teaching a class, it will show. one way to gain future supporters would be outreach in the form of legal research classes Assume Nothing, Allow (just for the public. At that time, no library in about) Anything the area had such a program, despite the When we started teaching our class, we high numbers of legal questions being asked didn’t know what to expect. We assumed at both public libraries and law libraries that most citizens had a basic knowledge open to the public. of the three branches of Wisconsin state We developed a class called “Legal government, how laws are made, and Research in a Nutshell: How to Find and what statutes are. However, since more and Understand Wisconsin Legal Resources” more middle and high schools are no longer and designed it as a basic overview of the teaching civics or government classes, we legal resources produced by the three quickly discovered that our assumption was branches of Wisconsin government. The incorrect and realized we had to start at the class, co-taught with a member of the very beginning. Wisconsin State Law Library staff, is held By focusing the class on the three in locations around the county, including branches of government and their public libraries and community agency publications, we found that this was a offices such as the United Way. This article class that even newer law librarians could reflects on what I have learned and observed teach. We could be confident teaching from co-teaching this program. these materials because we use them every day in our work. Create Enthusiasm Our marketing stated that this was a The instructor must demonstrate his or her class on how to find and understand legal enthusiasm for the subject matter to the information in Wisconsin. Our posters class participants; the library needs to market indicated that legal advice would not be its enthusiasm for this service to the public; given, but this didn’t stop participants and the students must participate with from seeking it. We allowed participants enthusiasm. These imperatives all tie back to to ask questions throughout the class, but a simple question: Why offer the class at all? we watched out for those who tried to Is there an observed need for this commandeer the class. You know the ones: information? Does the instructor want to they launch into a long-winded description share his or her knowledge of the topic? of their situation and want to know how the In addition to observing the public’s material you are presenting will help them need for this information, the class allows us with their specific legal problem. We quickly to offer a tangible outreach service and be steered the class back on track by telling more visible in the community, ensuring a would-be hijackers that we would try to new type of support come budget-time. answer their specific questions at the break Without one link of the enthusiastic or after the class. beginnings—the instructor, library, or class participants—the program is likely to Notice What Works, Change flounder or fail. What Doesn’t Practicing Law Librarianship In order to translate the enthusiasm for Who is your audience for this class? The the subject matter to the class participants, answer to that question may change from the instructor must want to teach the class. one session to the next, requiring a few Forcing someone to teach a class that he or changes to the content. For example, we 8 AALL Spectrum February 2006 © 2006 Paula Seeger AALLSpectrum_Feb 1/13/06 8:36 AM Page 9 e Public s for our libraries by Paula Seeger

taught a class at a public library branch that following the feedback and evaluations from A CAN DO Attitude serves mainly older adults. By anticipating class participants. Since it’s your class, you Leads to a Successful their questions about wills, estates, and choose your comfort level with topics. If power of attorney forms, we were able to you face a question from a class participant Class modify the content of the class to meet their about an unfamiliar topic, see it as the particular information needs. perfect opportunity to invite the participant Create Enthusiasm Another audience included members into the library for additional research. of a labor union, so it was more interested • Demonstrate enthusiasm for in labor and employment law. Knowing the Delivery, Delivery, Delivery the subject matter to the audience allows an instructor to prepare Enthusiasm is mentioned as a key class. Enthusiasm flows and gain confidence in order to present component of a successful program. How through the instructor into the material without hesitation and with does a teacher channel his or her enthusiasm the class participants. If enthusiasm. into practical delivery techniques? By being you’re excited about teaching Even a basic legal research class, with prepared, which results in being confident. a class, it will show. an audience of mixed ages and education First things first: have a backup plan (or levels, requires continual evaluation and two) with regard to the technical aspects of Assume Nothing, Allow updating. In our class, we refer to sample the class. If the Internet connection isn’t (just about) Anything reference questions as we explain resources. working, or the connection speed is too slow We announce the question in the very for the pace of the class, consider creating a • Be willing to adjust the class PowerPoint of screen shots as close to the material if you find your class day as possible. This will allow you participants are more or less the opportunity to check links for broken or knowledgeable in the subject. re-directed pages. Check the lamp bulbs of the projector before class. If you’re teaching the class outside the Notice What Works, Change library, do a test run on a different day so What Doesn’t you can see the space, find the outlets, and talk to the facility staff who will be there • Who is your audience for this when you teach the class. That way, you’ll class? The answer to that know things like whether they have question may change from extension cords or if you need to bring one session to the next, them. Be prepared for the worst, but expect requiring a few changes to the best. Be organized, but flexible. Make the content. Fite. Greg by Photo the delivery of the content of the class such Peter Meadow uses Westlaw to that the participants don’t notice the Delivery, Delivery, Delivery research primary law at the Bernard technology behind it. E. Witkin Alameda County Law What happens if they fall asleep or, • How does a teacher channel Library in Oakland, California. An worse, don’t show up? If you’re offering the his or her enthusiasm important service law libraries can class outside your library, be clear with the into practical delivery provide is teaching legal research to hosting agency about registering participants techniques? By being the public. or having a sign-up sheet. What’s your prepared, which results in minimum class size requirement? If five or being confident. Double six people have signed up for the class but check equipment and venues beginning, and after summarizing the only two show up, should you offer the class before class. Have a variety resources of each branch, we show how at all? This has happened to us several times. of methods and examples the resources we just mentioned would or We chose to roll with it and offer shorter, to engage participants in would not be useful for answering the modified classes, such as a half-hour Q&A the subject. question. By using this approach, which session demonstrating how to find specific is much like following a topic through legal resources. Out the Door, Back Into legislation or caselaw, we continually update This doesn’t solve the problem of sleepy the Library the content of the resources and class. participants though. Sometimes the hosting In addition, by evaluating the content agency helps out by offering snacks and • How do you determine if the and preparing for a specific audience, we coffee. Sometimes it just doesn’t matter how class is a success? Evaluate! can insert locally popular topics, such as enthusiastically you present the material—a Create an evaluation form finding information about a local smoke- warm room, the wrong time of day, or other for class participants, but free ordinance, zoning changes, or recent factors can still threaten to derail the class. don’t forget to self evaluate cases in the news. You can change what Suggest a break. Have everyone stand up as well. doesn’t seem to work in the class by (continued on page 21) AALL Spectrum February 2006 9 AALLSpectrum_Feb 1/13/06 2:10 PM Page 10

public relations Even Law Libraries Need a Brand

How to identify your library’s brand and use it to its full potential

by Susan Fowler

10 AALL Spectrum February 2006 AALLSpectrum_Feb 1/13/06 2:11 PM Page 11

andom House Dictionary defines Publishers, 2002). McNally and Speak say the best service possible. You’ll find those brand as a “grade or make, that a brand is a relationship. They go on to beliefs echoed in the services I provide at indicated by a stamp or trademark; define a brand as, “A perception or emotion, my local county law library. Likewise, a law R maintained by a buyer or a prospective library that values “quick and cheap” may to impress indelibly.” Here in the U.S. heartland, where the West begins in the buyer, describing the experience related have as its core value saving money—but gently rolling Flint Hills of Kansas, “brand” to doing business with an organization or since this approach often turns out to be is more likely to evoke the image of a herd consuming its products or services.” the most expensive option of professional of cattle than it is the swoosh symbol for Think about it. When you encounter information services, the core value is more Nike footwear. Like a nationally recognized a brand, your reaction involves thoughts likely to be that of acquiescence to logo, cattle brands serve to identify the and feelings about whether you trust, like, mediocrity. Ethical judgments aside, the owner and are most effective when they’re remember, and/or value the product or point is to be aware of the organization’s recognized. However, name recognition isn’t service. If you do that when you see the values, even if you don’t agree with them. enough to fully leverage one’s brand. We Nike swoosh logo, what goes through your Put these pieces together and the clients’ heads when they see your library’s must understand the layers of meaning in a importance of branding for law libraries name or logo? The best way to answer that is brand and how our target audience thinks becomes clear. We know that today’s law through some self-assessment. about our brand. library clients are less brand loyal than their predecessors; that there are more outlets— Why should libraries care about brands? Brand Ingredients Because whether it has been given careful bricks and mortar or virtual—that make McNally and Speak tell us that a brand thought or not, every institution has a legal information available; and that our comprises competencies, standards, and brand. Whether the brand is strong enough clients are more discriminating. This means style. For libraries, “competencies” translates to be favorably remembered by clients is that our service should always be superb in into our librarians’ roles as teachers, another matter. This article will give you order to win our clients’ loyalty. A strong administrators, leaders, and researchers. brand is indescribably important and could the tools to identify your brand and to Are these roles sufficient for our clients’ easily mean the difference between our law understand how useful it can be in your needs? Do we need to expand our roles and libraries staying open or bearing the brunt marketing efforts. services, or are we trying to be too many of budget cutbacks. Consumer Trends things to all people? Susan Fowler ([email protected]) Our standards reflect how we perform is an information specialist at Lyon County D’Alessandro and Owens identified trends these roles—Are we flexible? Efficient? Law Library in Emporia, Kansas. She is also among consumers in their book, Brand We’re more likely to satisfy our clientele if the author of Information Entrepreneurship: Warfare: 10 Rules for Building the Killer we’re seen as capable of providing quality Information Services Based on the Infor- Brand (McGraw-Hill, 2001). These trends services efficiently. While it may be painful mation Lifecycle (Scarecrow Press, 2005). include a shift away from products and a to conduct our library self-assessment, it is move toward marketing, different buying vital to understanding what kind of brand patterns than from previous generations, we hold in our clients’ minds. Tips for Better Branding and improved access to information that Lastly, style pertains to how we relate with make consumers better informed and our clients. Are we professional? Friendly? Do increase their buying power. These trends Examine your librarians’ roles as we relate well to a variety of clients? In order teachers, administrators, leaders, have significance to libraries in ways that to be truly effective, we must have excellent are all too familiar to our profession. and researchers. Are these roles people skills. If we don’t, we must develop sufficient for your clients’ needs? First, libraries traditionally were not them. After all, librarianship is not about the fun, vibrant places that they are today. books, it’s about the people who access Set standards on how your librarians Hence, our clients turned away from our information in the books. should perform these roles. Are you product. Second, our clients are most flexible? Efficient? likely to use our services if we make them Creating a Strong Brand convenient. Expecting clients to drop by A strong brand will give your library an edge Look at how you relate to your simply because we exist is unrealistic. Often during budget talks. What constitutes a clients. Are you professional? we must take the service to the client to be strong brand? It’s distinctive, relevant, and Friendly? Do you relate well to a more effective. Finally, our users do not consistent. Remaining relevant in today’s variety of clients? have brand loyalty, so they are more likely to volatile environment is crucial. We want to develop an alternate means of information ensure that what our library stands for Ensure that your library stands for gathering than to use a traditional library. connects to what our clients consider to be something that your clients consider How many times have you heard, “I don’t important. This is where people skills are to be important. Start a dialog with need the law library; I have the Internet”? especially important. We can’t know what your clients and top decision makers Add to these trends the “noise” that is important to our clients and the top to find out what they value. clamors for our clients’ attention and it’s no decision makers unless we have an ongoing Examine your library’s core beliefs. wonder that libraries need to look at their conversation that includes encouraging our You’ll find those beliefs echoed in the brands. In addition to the Random House clients to critique our services. services you provide. Be aware of the definition, I suggest libraries consider the Developing a strong brand requires us organization’s values, even if you one posed by McNally and Speak in Be Your to examine our core beliefs. No doubt I’ve don’t agree with them. Own Brand: A Breakthrough Formula for already tipped my hand regarding my core Standing Out in the Crowd (Berrett-Koehler beliefs of putting people first and delivering AALL Spectrum February 2006 11 © 2006 Susan Fowler AALLSpectrum_Feb 1/13/06 8:38 AM Page 12

La solución seremos (We Will

feature

by Dennis C. Kim-Prieto

12 AALL Spectrum February 2006 AALLSpectrum_Feb 1/13/06 8:39 AM Page 13 todos All Be the Solution)

Why the AALL Latino Caucus matters to you

s the nation’s fastest-growing and largest minority group, Latinos yield a tremendous A influence on the future of the United States. At the end of 2004, 40.4 million Latinos lived in this country, according to the Pew Hispanic Center, which accounts for 14 percent of the total U.S. population. By 2020, Latinos are expected to account for about half the growth of the U.S. labor force. And as the Latino population increases in size, visibility, and political strength, issues of legal and social inclusion and exclusion have become significant political and social concerns. Indeed, addressing these issues led to the formation of AALL’s newest caucus.

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On July 19, 2005, a group of law budget-conscious AALL members will also professional U.S. workforce changes, the librarians met in the Henry B. Gonzales be pleased to note that membership in the professional organizations that represent this Convention Center in San Antonio to caucus is dues-free. workforce will adapt to these changes. inaugurate the Latino Law Librarians While the caucus purposely chose to The effect of Latino populations on the Caucus of the American Association of offer open membership to reinforce our U.S. demography has been a hot topic for Law Libraries. Although this was the first commitment to equal protection and equal the past decade or so. In a 2002 interview meeting of the AALL Latino Caucus, opportunity, keeping our membership open with the online magazine Salon.com, Latinas (and their male counterparts, to all is also a way for us to emphasize that prominent author Richard Rodriguez Latinos) have been contributing “Latino” is a cultural categorization, rather referred to this trend as the “browning significantly, yet quietly, to law librarianship than a racial or ethnic categorization. of America” and spoke of the “paradox” for many years. Latinas and Latinos come in all colors. that Latinas and Latinos live with “in Librarians such as Edgardo Rotman, This has allowed us unique insight into an English-speaking world, but as … foreign and international law librarian at the the politics of racial identity, as many of us descendant[s] of the Spanish empire.” have been able to “pass” in the workplace as University of Miami School of Law Library; More critically, in his 1997 article Francisco Avalos, foreign and international Caucasian, Anglo, or European. from the Harvard Latino Law Review, law librarian at the University of Arizona Like other ethnic minorities, we have in Professor Kevin Johnson recalls the work of College of Law Library; and Arturo the past faced issues of discrimination and sociologist Julian Samora in his observation Flores, recently retired inclusion in the that “Latinos are only selectively forgotten from the University of workplace, as California, have already well as within … conveniently omitted from serious public developed highly society at large, discussion of civil rights … [and] also distinguished careers in especially during frequently forgotten in traditional legal the field of international those points discourse.” —in particular, Latin in American Our caucus is not a lever for explicit American—legal research history when social change, and we do not have a partisan and have made substantial the national political agenda. We do, however, intend contributions to legal conscience was to remain visible, remind AALL that we scholarship in these areas. not particularly add value to our institutions, and keep Latina and Latino law sensitive to contributing to our profession. When librarians are still questions of race asked what members of AALL should know contributing. For example, or ethnicity. about our caucus, one Latino law librarian much of the work product As an example, responded that “acknowledging our of the Puerto Rican Legislature is now it used to be quite commonplace for some existence would be a good start.” accessible online at www.oslpr.org/spanish/ North American Latinos to call themselves But in the final analysis, acknowledg- master.asp?NAV=MAIN, thanks to the Spanish, in distinction from other, ment is simply that: acknowledgment. We efforts of Juan Carlos Ortega, library presumably less-European, Hispanics. As ask for nothing more and nothing less. director at the Legislative Library of Puerto social and cultural awareness expanded, Rubens Medina, law librarian of the Library Rico in San Juan. And San Diego County however, such practices came to be of Congress, observed that he had not Public Law Library Reference Law Librarian considered old-fashioned, if not downright personally witnessed any discriminatory Ellie Slade’s recent contributions have insensitive. practices aimed at Latina or Latino law run the gamut from advocating for the Indeed, during the 60-odd years of the librarians. To be sure, he is not alone. preservation of contemporary mural art to 20th century when racial segregation was Although I am cognizant of discrimination informing law librarians of the needs that the norm, the professional contributions at large within the United States, I am also Latino public patrons present. of Latinos were often determined by how quite pleased to note that I can make no Raising awareness of Latina and Latino successfully an individual Latina or Latino reasonable claims of discriminatory practices could pass as European. During those years, contributions to law librarianship is only in AALL or in any particular law libraries. one of the goals of the Latino Caucus. And we felt tremendous pressure to assimilate The Latino Caucus has more to offer as anyone who has ever been involved in into mainstream Anglo society. In my than simply being witness to discrimination. bibliographic instruction or information grandparents’ generation, for example, it was While we focus upon representing Latina literacy knows, raising awareness often quite common for parents to speak to their and Latino law librarians, our membership requires answering some preliminary children only in English and to make sure questions. So, without further ado, let’s start that their children grew up speaking English has a diverse set of interests, and we’re answering some of these questions. without a trace of an accent. determined to give voice to as many of However, demographic trends, as well those interests as we can. Our caucus not Why Does AALL Need a Latino as contemporary understanding of the only encourages law librarians from similar Caucus? real value that a multicultural workforce backgrounds and circumstances to meet and This question is particularly important when contributes, have called these practices network, it also provides us with a group you consider that membership in the Latino into question. “Demographically, [Latinas of professionals who share many interests Caucus is open to all members of AALL, and Latinos] are in the ascendant,” says and concerns. We feel that the value that regardless of belief, ethnic background, Victoria Santana, reference librarian at the emerges from such colloquy not only gender, or other immutable social or Oklahoma City University Law Library. strengthens our caucus, but the profession personal distinctions. Students and other And as the cultural background of the as a whole.

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Who are Latinas and Latinos? “In Puerto Rico, it is said that we are a contributed profound influence throughout Because these are cultural terms, rather than mixture of races (Spanish whites, African Caribbean and Latin American societies. racial or ethnic terms, this question can be blacks, and Taino Indians),” she says. “We “Haitians are members [of the Latino a little bit trickier to answer than you call this mixture Criollos.” Caucus],” says Lyonette Louis-Jacques, might initially think. When I’m asked this Significantly, López-Gracia’s description foreign and international law librarian and question, my favorite response is to say that of Puertorriqueños applies to all Latinos. lecturer in law at the University of Chicago we’re a little bit of everything. And while Indeed, it is this mixture that makes us D’Angelo Law Library. “Even though it may sound a bit glib, it’s also a bit true. Latino, as this mixture is who we are. French and Créole are our languages, some Latinas and Latinos are the descendants of Michelle Rigual, head of technical services of us know Spanish, and we also share a lot all of the cultures that mixed, if not clashed, at the University of New Mexico Law of things in common: food, music, other during the Spanish and Portuguese conquest Library, applied this mixture as the essence cultural stock, and similar histories.” of the New World. of Latinismo, noting that “the social/cultural Asian cultures have also left a A more precise answer would be that background of Latinos and Latinas makes us tremendous impact across North, Central, women from Latin or Hispanic nations or tend to be more interested in a multicultural and South America. Cities such as Buenos cultures are Latinas, and men from Latin and international perspective.” Aires, Rio de Janeiro, and Lima each have or Hispanic nations or cultures are Latinos. Furthermore, Latinas and Latinos are significant Chinese, Korean, and Japanese Nomenclature, as you may have already as politically diverse as they are ethnically populations. guessed, has always been something of an diverse. While some of us embraced Critical In short, you or your parents may hail issue. While many of us prefer the term Race or LatCrit theories in library school, from Lagos, Busan, Rawalpindi, Newark, Latina/Latino, instead of Hispanic, some law school, or graduate school, others Port-of-Spain, or even Adelaide. You may prefer the opposite. This preference is often among us have rejected these ideas. Some have blue eyes and blonde hair or be very associated with how each of us feels about of us are ardent internationalists, and others dark in complexion. But if you speak an the political and social issues arising from are staunchly devoted to traditional concepts Iberian language, such as Spanish, Catalán, the colonial hegemony that formed our of national sovereignty. But despite our or Portuguese, as a daily part of interacting history. Some of us prefer the social and political diversity, Latinos almost universally with your neighbors, you may well be political implications of terms such as insist on being acknowledged as “American,” Latina or Latino. To answer the question, “Chicana/Chicano,” “Mestiza/Mestizo,” even when we’re not from the United States. Who are Latinas and Latinos? They are or the collective noun “La Raza” when Ask anyone from Mexico to Chile if she is the original multiculturalists. referring to the women and men who trace an American, and the answer will invariably their heritage from the Iberian Peninsula, be an affirmative one: “Claro que sí que soy What Can AALL Expect from the Latin America, or the territories that became americano!” Latinas and Latinos understand Latino Caucus? the southwestern United States before their ourselves within a continental context, as a In large part, the Latino Caucus will allow 19th century Anglo-American conquest. culture born with the “discovery” of North Latino law librarians to provide the caliber Others among us resist these terms. and South America, and we understand of service and dedication that have already The issue of nomenclature remains quite ourselves as existing both within and distinguished the careers of many first- relevant to our caucus. Lizette López-Gracia, beyond racial, ethnic, neighborhood, and generation Latina and Latino law librarians. acquisitions librarian at the University of national boundaries. Avalos, for example, has published Puerto Rico Law Library and an influential Perhaps we take such a broad view significant scholarship in the area of Aztec, founder of the Latino Caucus, reminds me of ourselves and our culture because it is Mexican, and Inter-American law, including how hard it was to give our caucus a specific historically impossible to separate Latinas hornbooks on the law and legal system of name when we first formed the group. And and Latinos from the Spanish and Mexico, as well as a dictionary of Spanish our caucus is not the only Latino-focused Portuguese colonization of the New and Portuguese legal abbreviations. Flores’ group that has encountered such difficulties. World. As Latinate Europeans colonized contributions to the landmark Foreign Law “The Organization of American States and these indigenous nations, and as these multivolume treatise continue to provide other organizations went through a long conquistadores founded their own cities, law students and scholars of the law with debate on [categorization] without achieving cultures, and families (and often founded critically important access to legal materials agreement on a satisfactory designation,” them literally on top of the native from jurisdictions around the world. Rubens Medina says. institutions they sought to replace), they Yet Latino law librarians possess more Like most people, we prefer to refer to blended with the indigenous peoples and skills than our proficiency in language and ourselves according to labels that we choose, cultures who populated North and South culture. Many of us are talented instructors, rather than labels chosen for us. Yet the America. This moment in history is researchers, and librarians. In the words social, political, and cultural implications generally considered to be the birth of of Santana, “We are [also] from non- of these names give thoughtful individuals the Latino and has been thoroughly mainstream [North American] culture,” pause before engaging in what Medina calls documented during the past 500 years and as such, we are often able to offer a “the very casual assignment of labels.” And in texts that range from Bernal Díaz del non-mainstream perspective into the issues while the classification issues noted above Castillo’s Conquest of New Spain, to Jared and problems that we face every day in may make the Latino Caucus especially Diamond’s more recent bestseller Guns, law libraries. interesting to individuals trained in library Germs, and Steel. “It is obvious to me from what I have science, López-Gracia’s reflections upon But Latinos are more than simply the seen in the workplace that diversity adds Puertorriqueños (people from Puerto Rico) mixture of the European Nations and the great value,” Rigual says. “Different demonstrate these issues in a more First Nations of North America. Just as in fundamental description of Latino identity. the United States, African cultures have (continued on page 43)

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ike nursing, teaching, and social Does Gender Matter? The Male feature work, law librarianship is a “pink Librarian Perspective L collar” profession—one filled Most librarians, whether men or women, mostly by women. What does this gender feel that gender affects their job duties, by Mary Rumsey domination mean for law librarians and the treatment, or expectations about their work. profession? This article looks unscientifically Stereotypes. Men report feeling more at responses to an open-ended question: stereotyped at work than do women. One “To what extent, if any, do you think gender young unmarried male librarian says, “Aside is a factor in law librarianship?” from a few past and present co-workers To encourage law library employees to whom I’ve discussed my personal life with, speak freely on the subject, AALL Spectrum every one else automatically assumes I’m agreed to publish unattributed quotations. (or any other non-married librarian is) gay.” All quotations came from e-mails or This librarian, and most other men who informal interviews by phone or in person. mentioned it, went on to say that there’s nothing wrong with being gay. The harm, Who Are Law Librarians? in other words, is not in being thought Since 1970, when about 53 percent of law gay. It is in being judged as a member of librarians were women, according to “Law a group—male librarians—and not as a Library Salaries,” which appeared in the person. Fall 1970 issue of Law Library Journal, the Older articles on gender and librarian- percentage has risen steadily. In 1980, 71.4 ship cite another stereotype—that male percent were women, reported “Authorship librarians are more tech-savvy than female Characteristics in Law Library Journal,” ones. Only one or two law librarians which appeared in the Summer 1981 issue mentioned this stereotype, and one of them of LLJ. Now, like most U.S. librarians labeled it “a thing of the past.” Probably (84 percent female in 2003), most law because all librarians have to be tech savvy, librarians are female—about 78 percent, this stereotype may have lost whatever hold according to the AALL 2003 Educational it once had. Needs Assessment survey. Thus, even Differential Treatment. Men comment though women can more easily enter that they feel pressured to take on “heavy traditionally male-dominated jobs than in lifting” at work—moving printers, display the 1970s, modern law librarians are much cases, or boxes of books. One comments, more likely to be women than they were 35 “It seems that (and this is true from my years ago. experience working in many libraries, not Another change since the 1970s is the just law) any duties and tasks that involve gender of law library directors. Women moving books, equipment, furniture, doing now hold a much higher proportion of wiring, hanging signs, etc., seem to fall to directorships and associate directorships. For male staff members in numbers that are not example, Michael Slinger’s 1988 study showed proportionate to the male/female ratio in the men holding 61 percent of directorships. This library. That is, it seems men do these tasks figure dropped to about 30 percent in 1993 about 75 percent of the time even when they and is about 27 percent today. roughly make up 25 percent of the staff.” As for types of libraries, the 2005 Several men, on the other hand, say AALL Biennial Salary Survey suggests that that they had never noticed gender being an private law librarians are roughly 77 percent issue in their work. A typical comment is, female; state, court and county law “I honestly cannot think of my gender as librarians are 75 percent female; and anything other than a non-issue.” academic law librarians are 65 percent female.

n l or i fact is a a nder ll, ge ry f at ara Is how, iib thAen exaLminaatiown of L 16 AALL Spectrum February 2006 AALLSpectrum_Feb 1/13/06 8:41 AM Page 17

The Female Librarian Perspective allowed to do so. The same librarian was the tendency for men to rise quickly to Responses from female librarians addressed denied permission to spend two months on positions of authority—more quickly than a wider range of issues. a foreign faculty exchange program on the their female colleagues. In her 1993 study, Atmosphere. Some women enjoy grounds that public service librarians could “Academic Law Librarians Today: Survey of the atmosphere of a female-dominated not be gone for more than a month. A year Salary and Position Information,” published profession. “I have found that working in later, a male reference librarian was allowed in the Winter 1993 issue of LLJ, Katherine a female-dominated profession has been to spend six weeks on the exchange Malmquist concludes that “[M]en appear very rewarding for me, as a woman,” says program. to become academic law library directors Suzanne Thorpe, associate director for One library employee, who has watched with less experience than women.” faculty, research, and instructional services several supervisors come and go, believes Many female librarians, and a few at the University of Minnesota. “Without that female managers ask less of their male male ones, volunteered similar comments: the critical mass of males, I have not seen employees than of their female employees. “Although there are now many women the problems that prevail in so many male- “It seems to be harder for women to ask directors, guys tend to move up the ladder dominated professions.” men to do something than for women to much faster than women.” Working with IT Staff. Joan Howland, ask women to do something,” the employee Some feel that managers are more willing who heads the University of Minnesota says. Another library manager sees the same to hire a male candidate for any law library Law Library and has written and spoken phenomenon and speculates that “women position. “My [female] library director seems extensively on diversity in law librarianship, aren’t used to saying ‘no,’ and they’re not much more inclined to be impressed or believes that gender affects librarians’ good at it.” cowed or wowed or tolerant of men,” one working relationships with information Several female law librarians, mostly librarian says. “Maybe that’s just because of technology (IT) staff, in subtle and not-so- academics, mentioned male library the longstanding gender imbalance here, but subtle ways. “I’ve seen more sexism in IT employees who “get away with murder,” as I definitely see deference to male candidates than in any other aspect of my career, one said. “Murder,” in most cases, consists when they interview.” including working in a law firm,” she says. of working less or working poorly. One “When IT people report to a [female] woman comments, “I work with men who All about the Benjamins library director, they may never have have, over many years, taken short cuts in “Even though we’re lawyers, they pay us reported to a woman before. However, a their work, either by skipping steps or by bupkis [nothing] because we’re women,” library director simply needs to demonstrate not learning how to do things right in the says one academic librarian. one’s confidence in one’s own area of first place. Then the workflow is such that One of the most-discussed gender issues expertise and one’s abilities to manage their female coworkers end up having to in law librarianship is money. Among all effectively.” solve (or retrospectively clean up) problems, U.S. librarians, there is a salary gap of Differential treatment. Other female which later arise from the accumulation of almost 8 percent between men’s and librarians, and some male librarians, pointed these ‘time-saving’ measures. Overall it looks women’s salaries, according to “Jobs! out examples of men being treated better like everything is running smoothly, but (Eventually),” published in the October than women at work. These examples that’s because the girls’ conscientious 14, 2004, issue of Library Journal. But fell into a few main categories—special working style is exploited by the boys.” comparing the numbers alone can mislead. privileges, lower expectations, and faster Glass Escalators. Although glass Women hold 90 percent of reported jobs advancement. ceilings no longer keep women from the top in school libraries and 86 percent in public For example, one female reference law library spots, some have noticed another libraries, reports the same article. Lower librarian was told she could not take a class disquieting effect. Researchers into female- salaries in these sectors could explain some five days a week because she was needed in dominated professions have remarked upon or all of the disparity. public services. The following year, a male a “glass escalator” for the relatively few men The only multiple-regression study of reference librarian with less seniority was who enter them. This glass escalator signifies academic librarians’ salaries appeared in

(continued on page 36) World? ip ’s nsh n aria a factor in law libraria libr m nder is a nship aw o all, ge in l if at r W ow, of h tion © 2006 Mary Rumsey ina am ex An AALL Spectrum February 2006 17 AALLSpectrum_Feb 1/13/06 8:41 AM Page 18

A Community Within

Why the heck is there a Standing Committee for Lesbian and Gay Issues anyway?

by Elvira Embser-Herbert

feature

t is not a new question. Because Carol Alpert Saw a Need any state, meaning that a law librarian could The first answer is simple. We have a have been fired for no reason other than Whether whispered at Standing Committee for Lesbian and Gay sexual orientation. In the mid-80s, the Issues (SCLGI) because in 1985 Carol AIDS epidemic was also on the rise. Persons Alpert saw a need and worked through the with HIV/AIDS not only had to suffer business meetings or appropriate channels to create SCLGI. the disease, they also experienced civil rights I The appropriate channel was the leadership violations. broadcast on law-lib, the of the Contemporary Social Problems Within its first three years of existence, (CSP)-SIS, which was later renamed Social members of SCLGI had successfully legitimacy of a gay and Responsibilities-SIS (SR-SIS). brought two resolutions to AALL’s general Ann Puckett, professor of law and membership. The first, in 1987, called for lesbian group within AALL director of the library at University of the Association’s support of a “policy of Georgia Law Library, chaired CSP in 1985 equal employment opportunities for lesbian has been questioned on and remembers being pleased when Alpert and gay people in all types of libraries” approached her with the request. She had (79 Law. Libr. J. 817). The second, in 1988, many occasions. A full “envisioned Contemporary Social Problems called for AALL to oppose discrimination becoming an incubator for permanent against “all persons who have acquired exploration of the question standing committees, each with their own AIDS or who test positive for the human separate focus,” she says. CSP and later immunodeficiency virus-HIV” (80 Law is well beyond the scope of the SR-SIS functioned as that effective Libr. J. 760). incubator for SCLGI, whose membership this article, but there are a has grown from eight to more than 100 in To Bring Issues Forward its 20-year existence. These resolutions and the many few answers that get to the Alpert’s reasons for starting the group education programs coordinated were both personal and professional. “I by SCLGI members further heart of both why we have wanted to be political and visible, but I also answer why we have SCLGI. wanted to make friends,” she says. Though Camille Broussard, acting such a group and why the founded later than Alpert, who had been director/associate librarian for a lesbian activist in New York City since reader services at New York question continues to be 1972, would have liked, the timing was Law School Library and past not surprising. At that time discrimination chair, puts it nicely, “We exist asked. against lesbians and gays was not illegal in to bring issues forward …

Carol Alpert (left) formed the Standing Committee for Lesbian and Gay Issues in 1985. George Jackson, early Camille Broussard member of the SCLGI, (right) is a past chair and author Elvira of the committee. Embser-Herbert enjoy each other’s company during the 2005 AALL Annual Meeting in San Antonio. Networking and socializing is one of the group’s most important roles.

when the [Association] needs to hear equal opportunity in employment for something; a resolution is one way to do it lesbian and gay people, the resolution and an education program is another.” “urg[ed] libraries to acquire legal materials Yet, SCLGI members are also well aware on the role of lesbian and gay people in that issues close to their members are not society” (79 Law. Libr. J. 817). involve persons losing their jobs. The always seen as “germane” to the general This particular line generated the most latest SCLGI resolution, in 2004, membership. Broussard points out that “the discussion. Pagel recalls that one member opposed “federal and state constitutional germane issue is one in every association. interpreted the line to mean that member amendments defining marriage as only ‘How is this germane to libraries?’ We have libraries would be “forced to buy books on between a man and a woman.” While the heard it over and over and [our response] was gay topics,” he says. SCGLI members members drafting the resolution viewed it as always to make sure that whatever we wrote, explained that their point was to “make directly relevant to law librarians, they knew whatever we said, put the library part first.” [members] aware that [they] may have an they had to help others see the connection. Scott Pagel, director of the law library invisible audience” and that such materials Stephanie Davidson, head of public and professor at George Washington could benefit their users. services and assistant professor of library University, explains that “we learned from Making a connection between the administration at the University of Illinois experience how not to fight the organization, work of the librarian and the idea[s] in the College of Law and current SCLGI chair, but to work within the power structure.” resolution is essential to the success of any recalls working out the language of the Pagel co-chaired SCLGI with Alpert in 1986 resolution. Often the connection is simply resolution and planning how to proceed. and went on to chair CSP in 1987, the year that “libraries need to buy books, because “While we viewed a successful vote on the the antidiscrimination section of the bylaws reference librarians need to be able to direct resolution as unlikely, we felt that it was our was amended to include sexual orientation, patrons to information,” Broussard explains. responsibility to put it forward, so we gave it and a related resolution was passed. Pagel The connection Broussard makes is essential our best effort,” she says. “Though we were attributes the success of the amendment to to librarianship and, one would think, prepared to address the issue of germaneness, the bylaws and the passage of the 1987 difficult to refute. we hoped the membership present would resolution to careful preparation and a Sometimes that connection is more recognize the seriousness of what was process that included waiting a year and easily seen, as was true with the 1988 being proposed—to alter something so having a town hall meeting. resolution opposing discrimination against foundational to our legal system as our “Bob Berring, who was AALL president persons with HIV/AIDS. After the constitution—and would make the [1985-1986], had a wonderful idea, [which resolution successfully passed, a letter of connection to the employment and benefits was] rather than having a heated debate thanks was sent to the SCLGI chair from status of many of their colleagues and on the floor, to have a town hall,” Pagel a Midwestern librarian. The letter explained employees.” Ultimately, Davidson and her says. The town hall gave members the that a member of the local law library colleagues had little to worry about. The opportunity to discuss the resolution and chapter would very likely keep his job resolution passed without discussion. get answers to questions. because the local library community would Along with follow AALL’s example. For George Jackson, Because LGBT Issues Matter supporting reference/documents librarian at the SCLGI members have also brought issues to University of Minnesota Law Library and an the greater AALL membership through their early member of SCGLI, the letter proved many education programs. While the official that “our social issues are just as important sponsorship of these programs comes from as our library issues,” he says. “We have the SR-SIS, at least 15 education programs members who are gay, we have library users have been coordinated by SCLGI members who are gay, and we have colleagues who since the group was formed in 1985. could have been fired from their jobs The programs have addressed a range because they had HIV or AIDS.” of topics including HIV/AIDS, hate crimes, Fortunately, every issue brought to civil unions, domestic partner benefits, “queer AALL by SCLGI members does not kids” law, and building lesbian and gay legal

AALL Spectrum February 2006 19 AALLSpectrum_Feb 1/13/06 8:43 AM Page 20

collections. The 16th program, planned for the St. Louis Meeting in 2006, is “‘Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell,’ Solomon, FAIR v. Rumsfeld and the Law Librarian’s Role in Amelioration.” Public Law 103-160, known as “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” and codified at 10 USC Sec. 654, prohibits the open service of gays and lesbians in the military. Because of this law, many law schools, in keeping with From left: Camille Broussard, Scott Pagel, Ann Puckett, Marilyn Nicely, and Lolly Gasaway their nondiscrimination policies, sought to participate in the program, “Realizing Visions and Valuing History: Twenty Years of the keep the military from recruiting on their Standing Committee for Lesbian and Gay Issues,” during the 2005 AALL Annual Meeting campuses. The Solomon Amendment in San Antonio. requires law schools to allow military recruiters such access. This law has left many schools in the position of either abandoning Baker, director of the law library and Hill Law Library and 1986-1987 AALL their nondiscrimination policies or losing assistant professor of law at the University president, hosted the very first SCLGI federal funding. of the District of Columbia David A. Clarke reception in the presidential suite. Albert The program will also address the School of Law. “This committee has done Brecht, associate dean, chief information resulting Supreme Court case, FAIR V. a good job in keeping those issues in the officer and John Stauffer Professor of Law Rumsfeld, in which a group of law faculty forefront of law librarianship, but the battle at the University of Southern California asserted that Solomon violates their First is just beginning,” he says. Baker makes Barnett Information Technology Center Amendment rights. As these programs the point well that while these issues are and Call Law Library and 1987-1988 AALL demonstrate, SCLGI has a history of personally important to members of the president, did the same the next year. After bringing timely, provocative, and sometimes lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender 1988, either because there has not been controversial programs to AALL. For some (LGBT) community, they are also important another SCLGI member who has served as of us the Annual Meeting would lose a lot legal issues to which all members of the Association president or because outside of appeal if it no longer provided an legal community should pay attention. venues became appealing, the reception opportunity to consider new ideas or has been held at locations separate from the participate in civil discourse with people To Network and Have Fun Conference. who view issues differently than we do. Fortunately, SCGLI members are very The reception, along with being fun, We are, after all, part of the fabric of the effective at maintaining a positive outlook provides needed networking opportunities political and legal system. While doing their and remembering to have fun in between for SCLGI members. Ron Wheeler, head of jobs, law librarians may face issues that their resolution drafting and program faculty and public services and lecturer III challenge their personal belief systems. planning. In fact, many in SCLGI identify at the University of New Mexico Law For example, a reference librarian who networking and having fun as one of the Library, attended his first Conference in believes that all children should be raised by group’s important roles. 2000 and, in 2001, was the first recipient a mother and a father still has a professional Alpert recalls the first time a group of gay of the Alan Holoch memorial travel grant. responsibility to assist a lesbian mother and lesbian members attended the Annual “The professional contacts, professional seeking information on second-parent Meeting Closing Banquet together. “We relationships, and friendships that I’ve made adoption. One can argue that being danced together,” she says. “Women danced through the SCLGI are invaluable,” he says. introduced to such issues as part of the with women and men danced with men. James Durham, head of public services Annual Meeting would be seen as a benefit. We were young and had so much energy and at Touro Law Center Library, agrees and sees “Speaking from the point of view of a would go on to introduce resolutions and SCLGI as “a vibrant and vital thread in the straight white male, the reason the standing present programs, but that night we just complex fabric that is AALL.” For Durham, committee is important is because gay and danced together and it was wonderful.” SCLGI “provides a zone of comfort and a lesbian rights are the next great It is important to consider that before networking base for LGBT members of civil liberties struggle SCLGI was formed and the members AALL. Committee members were some of in America,” attended the Closing Banquet together, my first AALL friends, [and they] continue says the dance was a portion of the Annual to provide me with mentoring, ideas, and Brian Meeting that was not particularly hospitable support.” Wheeler and Durham are not to lesbian and gay members. The comfort alone. Most of the members of SCLGI Learn More Online that came from numbers allowed these would offer similar accounts. members to enjoy this portion of the For moremore informationinformation aboutabout Annual Meeting for the first time. Because our Straight Allies SCLGI members have been dancing, Support Us the StandingStanding CommitteeCommittee forfor making friends, and having fun ever since. Networking efforts by SCLGI members Lesbian andand GayGay Issues,Issues, visitvisit The SCLGI reception is well known to its have also produced some strong allies within regular attendees as the best party at the AALL. To mention them all would be www.aallnet.org/sis/srsis/lg Annual Meeting. Lolly Gasaway, director of impossible. However, an example of the bt/history.html. the law library and professor of law at the support SCLGI receives from it allies University of North Carolina at Chapel involves Puckett, who welcomed SCLGI AALLSpectrum_Feb 1/13/06 8:44 AM Page 21

into CSP in 1985, and Prano Amjadi, head following the meeting to prepare the about the group’s history, as well as contact of reference at Santa Clara University resolution. This is just one example. There information of the current leaders, can be Heafey Law Library and another ally with a are many more. SCLGI’s straight allies have found there. strong history of supporting LGBT issues. stood up in meetings to support a resolution, Ultimately, there really does not need to In 2004, Puckett and Amjadi championed members for SIS leadership be a reason beyond the fact that more than encouraged a few SCLGI members to take roles, and encouraged members to present 100 AALL members consider themselves their resolution regarding constitutional programs or write articles on LGBT topics. part of SCLGI. Yet, there is no doubt that amendments to the general membership. For this support, SCLGI members are very as long as there is a Standing Committee As the author, one of the drafters, recalls, grateful and realize that they would not be a for Lesbian and Gay Issues, there will be “Before the SR-SIS business meeting, we successful part of AALL without their allies. members who question its legitimacy. were convinced we would not be able to do Hopefully, there will also always be active more than get SR-SIS to pass it. Ann spoke Because We have More than members who are willing to answer the up at the meeting and said, ‘Don’t stop here.’ 100 Members question, not necessarily through argument, Prano jumped in and said, ‘You should take In 1985 the Standing Committee for but through presenting programs, proposing this to the [AALL] membership.’ I was Lesbian and Gay Issues had eight members. resolutions, writing articles, and providing thrilled because it was what I had wanted to Today there are more than 100. What networking opportunities to their members do all along, but up to that point, the Alpert envisioned in 1985 has come to life who can grow to serve AALL. leadership of SR-SIS had been reluctant.” and continues to thrive. Newer members Elvira Embser-Herbert (embs0001@ A push from Puckett and Amjadi was coming into AALL merely need to type umn.edu) is circulation librarian at the all that was needed to ignite the resolution “gay” or “lesbian” into the search box on the University of Minnesota Law Library in drafters, who went to work immediately AALL Web site to find SCLGI. Information Minneapolis.

Teaching Legal Research — continued from pg. 9

and move around. Adjust the temperature. back up the statements with stories of actual even new classes. Mention in class that If there’s a disruptive participant, whether use. You’ll find that simply deciphering you’re just scratching the surface of legal he or she is snoring or asking a long-winded the code of a basic legal citation will be research, and promote your library’s question, address it and steer the class back beneficial to class participants. By going services as a way for your students to on track. further and showing how that citation continue their personal research. Offer How do you communicate your relates to an actual case or document, and a tour of your library’s services as a class enthusiasm for a topic to another person? how the law in that document affects or through your newsletter. It ties to the Think of a time when you saw a thought- someone’s real-life legal situation, you take question of “Who is this class for?” and provoking movie or read a fascinating book. them from grayscale to Technicolor. how your library features more and How did you describe it to others? With different resources and services to each class excitement? By explaining why you were Out the Door, Back into the audience. For example, highlight services personally interested in the topic presented? Library such as database training and help in By giving a complete summary with good How do you determine if the class is a locating resources, and explain how services and bad components? That’s how it is with success? Evaluate! Create an evaluation form can be accessed via the library’s Web site. teaching a topic about which you are for class participants, but don’t forget to We started our program relying on confident and prepared to teach. You’re self-evaluate as well. Did participants seem the ability of local public libraries and excited to offer the information to the class, interested or did their eyes glaze over? Did community agencies to host us because we to show how the information can be used they ask relevant questions or seem totally had no space in our own library for a class. and how to locate more information. confused by the presentation? Did they Soon we’ll move into a new, larger space. You might give an example or two request information not covered in the class, How will we transition the class into truly from your personal life about how you’ve or were their expectations different from our own? How can we draw enthusiastic used the information. For example, when what was taught? Since we were looking for participants? Can we market our classes as demonstrating the Wisconsin Circuit Court potential library supporters, we provided an integral parts of the pro se experience? Access public database (http://wcca.wicourts. optional section on the evaluation form These are some of the questions we gov/index.xsl), one of our instructors where people could register for our mailing face as we move into a new library and entered her husband’s name to show how list, as well as a section for class participants courthouse. The courts are increasing their even speeding ticket cases appear in the to suggest other topics for future classes. focus on making user-friendly products and database. While I don’t suggest that you Once the class is over, how do you services for the public. Just as important is show off your family’s court records, tie in library services to encourage class educating the public in the basics of state personal examples can help your audience participants to use the library again? There’s government structure and legal resources, see the broad range of material in the a good chance that the questions and including court procedures. That’s database. comments from class participants are ones something we CAN DO! Because the instructor is the expert, that other members of the public are Paula Seeger (Paula.Seeger@wicourts. he or she can be confidently critical when wondering about too. Use the evaluations, gov) is reference/outreach services librarian at describing the advantages or disadvantages questions, and comments from the class to the Dane County Legal Resource Center in of using one legal resource over another and launch brochures, flyers, Web pages, and Madison, Wisconsin.

AALL Spectrum February 2006 21 AALLSpectrum_Feb 1/13/06 8:44 AM Page 22

announcements Last Call for Papers Fessenden, Henderson, and Winston Elected to This is your last chance to enter the AALL/LexisNexis Call for Papers Executive Board Competition. The AALL/LexisNexis Call for Papers Committee is soliciting articles in three categories: • Open Division for AALL members and law librarians with five or more years of professional experience • New Members Division for recent graduates and AALL members who have been in the profession for less than five years • Student Division for budding law Ann T. Fessenden Janice E. Henderson Cornell H. Winston librarians still in school (students need not be members of AALL). The winner in each division receives The votes are in. Three members were Janice E. Henderson, research librarian $750, generously donated by LexisNexis, elected to the AALL Executive Board in this at Lovells in New York, and Cornell H. plus the opportunity to present his or year’s Association elections. Winston, law librarian at the United States her paper at a special program during Ann T. Fessenden, circuit librarian at the Attorney’s Office in Los Angeles, were the AALL Annual Meeting in St. Louis. U.S. Court of Appeals 8th Circuit Library in elected to three-year terms as members of Winning papers will also be considered St. Louis, was elected vice president/president- the Executive Board. for publication in the Association’s Law elect for 2006-2007. She will assume the AALL Headquarters received 1,573 Library Journal. presidency at the conclusion of the 2007 online ballots and 49 paper ballots by the For more information, a list of Annual Meeting in New Orleans. election deadline of December 1, 2005. previous winners, or an application, visit AALLNET at www.aallnet.org/about/ award_call_for_papers.asp. Submissions must be postmarked by March 1, 2006. If you have any questions, Mid-America Consortium Hires Executive Director, please contact any member of the Changes Name AALL/LexisNexis Call for Papers Committee: Chair Patricia Wellinger, [email protected]; Edwin J. The Mid-America Law Library Consortium of the Mid-America Association of Law Greenlee, [email protected]; or (MALLCO), formerly known as the Mid- Libraries and AALL for many years and has Renee Rastorfer, [email protected]. America Law School Library Consortium, strong ties with librarians throughout the hired its first executive director, Nina Miley. Midwest. Miley will work half-time to coordinate Soon after selecting an executive Ad Index activities of the consortium, seek grants, director, the consortium changed its name maintain communications among member from the Mid-America Law School Library AALL Planned Giving...... 23 schools, and spearhead initiatives of the Consortium to the Mid-America Law Annual Reviews ...... 23 board of directors. The consortium currently Library Consortium. The new name not includes 17 law schools in nine states: only has a more pronounceable acronym, BNA ...... 5 Arkansas, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, but it also is more inclusive of different Cambridge University ...... 30-31 Nebraska, North Dakota, Oklahoma, and types of law libraries. Global Securities ...... inside back cover South Dakota. For additional information about LexisNexis ...... inside front cover Miley is a practicing attorney and MALLCO, please visit www.aallnet.org/ Purdue University...... 37 formerly served as associate director of the chapter/maall/malslc.htm or contact Miley library and associate director of the research at [email protected]. The president is Want Publishing ...... 43 and writing program at the University of Gary Gott, director of the law library at the West ...... 3, back cover Oklahoma Law Center. She was a member University of North Dakota School of Law.

22 AALL Spectrum February 2006 AALLSpectrum_Feb 1/13/06 11:24 AM Page 23

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2. Click on “Planned Giving.” AALLSpectrum_Feb 1/13/06 8:45 AM Page 24

Lighting a Fire underHow to ignite law librarians’ a c

y the next decade, law librarians who look to their right and look to their left may find the seats Bnext to them empty. As the year 2015 approaches, a large percentage of us will be near retirement. Nonetheless, we still don’t have enough new librarians entering the profession to offset these inevitable departures. In fact, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics and the American Library Association project that in less than 10 years, library technicians and library assistants’ job growth will outpace the number of professional librarians’ positions.

as’ compensation, Bushel recruitment, and job satisfaction by Ellie Slade

If we want to reverse this trend and Pink-Collar Profession increased compensation is [that] the law attract future candidates to this career Within this limited mindset, it was profession fails to recognize the contribution path, we have to aggressively promote the explained that law librarians, as part of of law librarians to the organization.” profession and our services through multi- a female-dominated profession, might faceted public relations campaigns, active wish they could be compensated with a Butler v. Master recruiting, and targeted media efforts. In professional wage, but in fact harbored the If the law profession’s failure to recognize short, now is the time to wage a war for our belief that they were not entitled to a better the value of librarians and library services career’s survival, services, and salaries. salary due to low professional self-esteem and combines with the “quiet profession’s” so- a second-class notion of altruistic service. called depressed entitlement effect, law Questioning Compensation This low professional self worth librarians may be permanently shelved in a Unfortunately, many law librarians spend historically arose from a traditionally female- pink-collar nightmare, based on our silent their entire careers in a sluggish, pear-shaped dominant (or pink-collar) profession, where surrender to the status quo—unless critical organizational structure that does not librarians were perceived as clerical workers action is taken to reverse the situation. If the remunerate them based on their educational and the physical custodians of books. public perception exists that we are clerical credentials, experience, and professional While many of the directorships of law workers, then naturally librarians will be capabilities. According to the 2003 libraries were held by males before the compensated as clerical workers. AALL/Altman Weil Compensation Satisfaction 1970s and 1980s, the majority of librarian This stereotypical pink-collar image, Survey, “83.8 percent of the survey participants staff members were female. endemic to teaching, nursing, and thought that current levels of compensation “The pink-collar self perception librarianship, has been tied around our in the law librarian profession may inhibit ankles like old sand bags. It has severely librarians hold has been incubated and some individuals from seeking the necessary weighed down our ability to engage in perpetuated over generations, and as a education to enter the profession.” serious pay-equity discussions with our result many librarians have accepted and The survey’s results also revealed mixed employers, as well as tarnished our integrated these negative beliefs as their levels of salary satisfaction among the professional image and standing. Nancy own,” says Katherine Rosin, librarian at participants. Nearly 65 percent of the Brown, law librarian at Wendel Rosen Black Shook Hardy Bacon LLP in Miami and surveyed law librarians responded that they Dean LLP in Oakland, notes the effect of South Florida Association of Law Libraries thought “their salary was low relative to librarians’ weak professional self-image on (SFALL) president. “To counteract this other professionals with the same or similar law-lib. “[When] we librarians assume a education level.” In addition, only “59.1 long-entrenched negative view of the chronic posture of service, like butlers, percent of the survey participants thought profession, it is necessary for individuals people can mistake that for incompetence that their compensation was ‘satisfactory.’” and library associations to spark interest in or a soft center,” she writes. “Sometimes The dissatisfaction and frustration some the law library profession by promoting patrons need to be reminded that we are the librarians feel about their compensation value of our services, competencies, and stealthy Indian guides of the information was articulated at the 2003 Annual education to the legal profession, our wilderness and we ought to be trusted and Meeting’s Compensation Session Program. employers, and the public.” listened to.” In other words, law librarians On one hand, the speakers stated that a high Comparisons between law librarians’ ought to remove the butler’s towel from percentage of the librarian participants in salaries and other special librarians’ their arm and instead assume the role of the Altman Survey thought their salary was compensation is equally troubling and the self-motivated master and manager of “satisfactory,” even though they knew that perplexing. The 2003 AALL Biennial Salary legal information. their compensation was much lower than Survey showed that the mean salary for a law Unfortunately, the profession’s collective other similar professions and would deter librarian with a JD and/or MLS is $53,600. clerical persona can influence corporate recruitment. On the other hand, the Alternatively, the 2003 Special Libraries managers and law firms to pick non-degreed speakers further explained that librarians’ Association Salary Survey’s mean salary for support staff, without a master’s or supposed acceptance of substandard a librarian with an MLS is $61,522. Thus, sometimes even a bachelor’s degree, to compensation may be due to a chronic when contrasting the two associations’ salary assume professional librarian jobs at a low psychological malady called “depressed surveys, the question becomes obvious: Why salary. Of course, companies and law firms entitlement effect,” a term coined in a Yale do law librarians get paid less than special get a bad bargain in making such poor study in which female employees were found librarians? Again the Altman/Weil Salary hiring choices. to place a value on their compensation that Survey gives us a hint by stating that the Other incarnations of diminished was 18 percent lower than men competing 47.2 percent of the surveyed participants hiring/promoting of professional law for the same position. believed that “the most significant barrier to librarian positions may include squeezing

AALL Spectrum February 2006 25 AALLSpectrum_Feb 1/13/06 11:34 AM Page 26

case of large institutions such as universities.” Here, employers seek job applicants Schwartz also believes that “in the future, with all the sophisticated skills of an law firm librarian jobs will no longer exist, experienced law or business librarian, but but will shift and merge with information the job description states that “candidates technology disciplines, as well as knowledge need only have a bachelor’s degree with one management areas.” or two years of work experience.” When law librarians accept these types of positions, the Narcissistic Bosses and ripple effect of negative entitlement, low Substandard Salaries self-esteem, and the pink-collar nightmare Going further, the flip side of the low- splashes over the entire profession. Again, salaried and undervalued law librarian is it perpetuates the public relations disaster the narcissistic lawyer (or library director), that law librarians are not professionals who holds court at the pinnacle of the who deserve (or need) to be compensated compensation pyramid. The negatively based on their education, expertise, and entitled librarian and the narcissistic boss experience, but are “lawyers-light,” or full-time librarian positions into 35-hour, have fused into a sticky, symbiotic clerical workers. part-time jobs without benefits or morphing employment relationship, which has Debra Denslaw, reference librarian at the head law firm librarian position into institutionalized low wages in our profession the Indiana University School of Law three management positions (including for years. Library at Indianapolis, recommends that records and docketing) for one low-paid Under the auspices of power and “law librarians should lobby hard to be librarian salary, without extra compensation, prestige, the narcissistic boss imagines that recognized and compensated for the work under the guise of “information resource he or she is entitled to special treatment we actually do. We assist professors and law manager.” Whenever a professional law based upon his or her own imagined students in substantive courses and with firm librarian position is diminished, or brilliance, success, and power. This type their legal writing/research. We manage, expanded, it is incumbent upon us to of manager often overworks his or her find, evaluate, compile, disseminate, and educate our managers, future employers, employees and uses other people’s work promote information from an amazingly and the legal community about the value without giving individual recognition. diverse range of sources. We design Web sites of our work and services. (For more information, read “Narcissistic and intranets, as well as other online tools. Mark Estes, director of library services Entitlement Syndrome” by A. Harrison We manage people and responsibilities. ... at Holme Roberts Owen LLP and former Barnes, Esq., at www.bcgsearch.com/crc/ From a business perspective, what would it AALL president, comments about the need narcissistic_entitlement_syndrome.pdf.) cost to hire to meet all of these objectives?” for law firm librarians to quantify their Unfortunately, some librarians, like Law schools get quite a bargain in the contribution to the firm. “Law librarians hostages or victims of the Stockholm law librarian employee. This is especially research more efficiently than almost all Syndrome, may support a narcissistic boss’ true when academic law libraries require associates assigned to do research,” he says. low library salary assignment in order to a JD and an MLS for a reference position. “But if it’s not recorded and reported, then survive in a power-stratified workplace. These combined degrees may cost as no one appreciates the contribution.” But in reality, when law librarians do not much as $150,000 in graduate school Estes further adds, “Law librarians negotiate for professional wages, they tuitions. Unfortunately, academic reference must record their time for billable and submit to a second-class salary structure positions are not remunerated on a similar non-billable activity so that (1) their time that imprisons the rest of us, as well as compensation level as law professors, even appears on the pre-bill and (2) activities can future generations. For example, when a though these librarians may teach classes, be reported to management. The pre-bill prospective job applicant is offered a publish articles, and design Web sites. informs the billing partner of the librarian’s ridiculously low salary, as in, “How does role in servicing the client. The periodic $30,000 sound?” the law librarian Salary Negotiation report to management informs the COO interviewee might counter-reply the low ball Regrettably, during the recent recession, or ED of the value-added activities of the offer with, “It sounds just okay, but $60,000 it has been an employer’s market, with library. … Thus, it is imperative that sounds a whole lot better.” a surplus of over-qualified applicants. librarians always go beyond the basic request As the San Diego Area Law Libraries Employers have gotten away with paying to add value and surprise and delight the (SANDALL) employment chairperson, I am lower salaries because people feel lucky requesting attorney,” he comments. often asked to advertise librarian openings just to have a job. Because of this, some Although law school libraries will still that pay less than $40,000 and ask for a applicants have accepted low salaries in employ librarians for years to come, many master’s degree with substantial online exchange for fringe benefits, such as health of us outside of academia may find that research expertise. This is below a starting insurance and retirement accounts or our jobs have been eliminated because of legal secretary’s salary in California, a pensions. Nonetheless, it is incumbent upon the lack of understanding regarding the position that requires no prior experience law librarians when faced with low-salaried value of our services to our employers. or a master’s degree. Another recent job offers in a tight job market to negotiate In fact, Deborah Schwarz, president and employment trend I have observed are law a fair compensation within their geographic CEO of Library Associates, a librarian firms (or companies) seeking “competitive market. Although employers will typically and information professional recruitment intelligence” or “business research analyst” want to pay the lowest market price for a agency, remarked recently that “traditional applicants—that are really acting as online new hire, law librarians should remember librarians may cease to exist, except in the librarians—for low salaries. that salary negotiation is a two-way street.

26 AALL Spectrum February 2006 AALLSpectrum_Feb 1/13/06 11:35 AM Page 27

When an applicant receives a job offer, How to Raise the Law Librarian Profile the burden is on the applicant to keep the To offset the current trend toward low wages and recognition in the legal compensation conversation going, backed profession, law librarians must embark on aggressive marketing and public up by at least one professional salary survey. relations efforts. Besides salary surveys, a prospective law librarian job candidate may want to • Publish local chapter salary surveys based on the geographic market, consider the ratio of an attorney’s (and/or educational, and experience rankings of members. Alternate the chapter survey a law professor’s) salary to a librarian’s every two years with the AALL Biennial Salary Survey. salary within the organization. By utilizing • Local AALL chapters should meet with local chapters of the Association the American Lawyer’s 100 Survey, or of Legal Administrators (ALA) to promote compensation information regarding related law management newsletters, such the profession. Nancy Adams’s article in the Fall 1999 issue of PLL Perspectives as the Institute of Management and addresses how NOCALL members met with the local ALA chapter regarding law Administration (IOMA) or the Association librarians’ compensation (www.aallnet.org/sis/pllsis/newslett/fall1999.pdf). of American Law Schools (AALS) publications, the investigative job applicant • Check with the AALL Economic Status of Law Librarianship Committee can likely get a good approximation of these (www.aallnet.org/committee/econ_status.asp#charge), which is dedicated to salaries. studying compensation, marketing, and promotion of the profession. The A note of caution: If the salary ratio committee has a bibliography of resource materials related to compensation of an attorney to a law librarian seems issues. It will also develop a best practices strategy regarding the improvement inordinately high, the law librarians should of law librarians’ compensation for each of the different AALL divisions, including realize that the compensation ratio of an academic, private, government/court, corporate, and others. average CEO compared to an average • Give lunchtime presentations to law office managers that promote and market worker has spiraled up to a staggering 240 law librarianship. to one in 2005. If this exorbitant rate of CEO salaries were to continue growing • Display the AALL “How to Hire a Law Librarian” resource guide at annual exponentially, corporate salary schedules conferences of legal administrators, legal technology conferences, colleges, and might begin to look more like a Ponzi state or county bar associations. scheme than a graduated pay scale. • Job seekers may also want to bring “How to Hire a Law Librarian” and AALL’s Market, Market, Market “Core Competencies of Law Librarianship” when the applicant goes on a job interview for a newly created position. By better marketing law librarians’ services, we can expect to receive greater recognition • At law firms, law librarians should provide a return on investment (ROI) from the legal profession in terms of accountability analysis that includes detailed cost-recovery information, compensation. “Librarians need to move including librarian billable and administrative hours, as well as budget cost from a warehouse mentality to a service savings related to collection management. mentality,” says Al Podboy, director of libraries at Baker Hostetler LLP in Ohio. • Keep an ongoing file of favorable articles that promote the profession to be “While the library may no longer be the used by law firm librarians at review time or by the local AALL chapter central gathering space that it once was in employment and public relations chairpersons. the firm, it can be a nexus for information.” • Conduct an internal library staff survey to evaluate overall job satisfaction to By advertising our services, we can retain staff. motivate our own membership, future recruits, and employers to create, as well as • Stress the AALL law librarian core competencies and display them with other sustain, professional library positions based AALL publications, such as the Law Librarians: Making Information Work, on our education, experience, and expertise. PLL-SIS Resource Guide Series. It is no longer acceptable for us to hide our • Promote professional development, sponsor student scholarships, and give light under the legal profession’s bushel. library/law school credits for attendance at the Annual Meeting. The legacy of our leadership is to pass the torch on a well-lit career path that leads to • Arrange for joint librarian associations professional meetings, such as professional compensation, growth, and AALL and Special Libraries Association. recognition for future law librarians. • Write articles in non-law library publications and provide information on the law librarianship career path to college campus advisors. Ellie H. Slade ([email protected]) is reference law librarian at Escondido Public • Train and speak to paralegals, legal secretaries, and related support staff Library and SANDALL president and about library orientation and the value of the law library in your organization. employment chairperson. She is also working They can be some of your best allies and broadcasters. on a Human Resource Management • Create user-friendly law library brochures that advertise the law librarian’s Certificate at the University of San Diego. services, credentials, and collection. Katherine Rosin ([email protected]), librarian at Shook Hardy Bacon LLP in Miami, also contributed to this article.

AALL Spectrum February 2006 27 AALLSpectrum_Feb 1/13/06 8:51 AM Page 28

A Self-Fulfilling Shortag

By expecting more from new law librarians, we may be restricting the profession and limiting opportunities

here is now, or will be in the believe the number is accurately retrievable. reasonably near future, a It also ignores the other natural source of Tsignificant shortage of law qualified people: law schools. The legal librarians. Or is there? profession is full of souls who question their The scenario goes something career choice; most of us know, are, or have like this: Within 10 years, the baby met colleagues who are or were attorneys boomer generation will all retire or but decided that lawyering was not for die. These boomers make up a good them. Our profession is a natural career portion of the current profession. option for such people. Because of this rush to retirement, My point, of course, is that the library the profession will not find enough shortage supposition cannot be made with qualified replacements, and thus, open any reasonable certainty. But, if that belief, positions will go unfilled. The danger valid or not, motivates people in the for the profession, some extrapolate, profession to reach out is that these unfilled positions will to people who might eventually be eliminated. never have thought If all of these variables come about the field, I have together as predicted, this apocalyptic no problem with it. vision might have merit. But the same It does not harm the statistics that support this version of profession, and it keeps the future also suggest that upwards people busy. and training new people of 80 percent of boomers expect to My problem is with is a problem (though I work to some degree during their countercurrents that question his several months retirement, according to a 1999 occur in the profession of training requirement). American Association of Retired and give false support He is, of course, not alone Persons survey. And, many of those to those who believe with this view. But does folks, so it is suggested, will have the shortage theory. this mean that the to. Almost daily, newspapers print applicant without the statistics gleaned from one Defining Qualified Sid Kaskey specific training he government agency or another that Law Librarians requires is not a qualified suggests boomers are dangerously As I said, some fear professional? Within his unprepared for retirement. For that qualified professionals will not be specifically stated criteria, yes. That, I example, a 2001 Economic Policy available in the numbers that is needed believe, is unfortunate. Institute Technical Paper, “Can to replace retiring law librarians. Too Another unpleasant current is taking Workers Afford A Higher Retirement frequently the definition of “qualified place in academic law libraries. Not too Age” by Christian Weller, states, professionals” is very narrow. long ago reference positions were offered to “Retirement savings of baby boomers In his article, “An Educational Wish people who had a JD, an MLS, or both range from 16.3 percent to 49 percent List from the Private Sector,” published degrees. Certainly the dual degree was of adequate savings, depending on a in the November 2005 issue of AALL almost always preferred, but it was often household’s characteristics, with Spectrum, Craig Eastland wrote, “Library not required. It was tacitly understood married couples, higher earners, and schools turn out law librarians who can’t that whoever came in with one degree, workers with pensions better prepared do reference without several months of if they wanted to advance, would work on than their counterparts.” on-the-job training. As a result, those of us obtaining the degree he or she lacked. This The law library disaster scenario who hire law librarians aren’t able to hire worked well for all in several ways. is also based on the assertion that recent graduates because we’re too busy For the hired librarian, many schools the number of fresh bodies coming and we don’t have months to commit to lowered or eliminated the tuition charges, through the library school pipeline is training.” making it less burdensome to obtain insufficient to support the needs of the Eastland’s position is certainly another degree. Reference hours were profession. Maybe, but it is difficult to understandable; law firms are busy places flexible so classes could be attended. And,

age? perspective by Sid Kaskey

year, plus benefits.” Fortunately such egregious expectations are rarely seen. But even arguably justifiable expectations can have negative and unfair consequences. No one can argue it is better to hire an inexperienced person rather than an experienced person (assuming everything else being equal). Also, it would be foolish to argue that a dual degree does not have usefulness in the political world of the academic library. But is it fair to those seeking an entry into the profession to be so rigid? How many of us were hired, even though we may not have been exactly what the want ad described? Take a Step Back So what is happening in the field? When the numbers are gathered through surveys or other means and the question is asked, are you getting qualified applicants? Are we all defining “qualified” similarly? Can we honestly the institution benefited by having a greater study the number of applications filed pool of applicants to choose from. Now, the at an AALL Conference to determine if flexibility shown not more than a decade there is a shortage? Is the game rigged, ago is an exception, not the norm. The by no one in particular, to benefit a pool of qualified replacements becomes lucky few and eliminate others? Are the narrower, and ironically this narrowing of people who are being wooed so ardently applicants, or expansion of requirements, being told by firms that they need more comes at the hands of many directors who experience and by universities that they were beneficiaries of the option they have need more credentials? eliminated. A shortage may indeed be part of Most of us at one time or another have our professional future. And it may read an employment ad that seems to be a be to the benefit of the profession to joke. You know the one: “Wanted law actively seek new people to the field. But if we do so, we must also step back and review what we are really looking for. Has our field evolved to My problem is with the point where a dual degree is a “ countercurrents that basic requirement? Must we insist on occur in the profession narrowly trained people who have fulfilled an internship before they can and give false support be greeted as a professional? And, if to those who believe we expect all of the above, will we have the shortage theory. lost something? By pushing for more, we restrict the profession, limit ” opportunities, and bring on the librarian. Must speak five languages; have predicted shortage ourselves. a doctorate; and work evenings, weekends, Sid Kaskey (skaskey@morganlewis. and holidays. Sunny disposition and at least com) is a librarian at Morgan Lewis 15 years experience required. $15,000 a Bockius LLP in Miami.

AALL Spectrum February 2006 29 AALLSpectrum_Feb 1/13/06 8:52 AM Page 30

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chapter by Diane D’Angelo

news technologies to (LNG) proposal that has made headlines in work in their numerous Massachusetts and Rhode Island libraries. newspapers recently. Two Roger Williams Law CALL Collects Supplies for Homeless, Runs School faculty members delivered lively and LLAM informative discussions. Professor Jane Continuing Education Members Busy Class on Blogs and RSS with Programs, Rindsberg’s presentation was titled “Sunken The Chicago Association of Law Learn about Treasure: The S.S. Central America—From the Libraries (CALL) collected more than Podcasting Bottom of the Ocean to the Highest Court in 15 boxes of school supplies for the At not even the halfway the Land,” and Kristen Fletcher discussed Chicago Public School’s Homeless Education mark of the season, the Law Library “Conservation of Marine Habitats: Leasing Program at its September meeting. The Association of Maryland (LLAM) has and Ownership of Submerged Lands.” Homeless Education Program meets the already had a busy program season. The year AALL Executive Board member and special needs of more than 5,000 Chicago kicked off with a meeting and tour at the fellow LLNEer Darcy Kirk, associate dean homeless children each year. At its November Library Company of the Baltimore Bar, for library and technology and professor of meeting CALL collected more than 180 where attendees learned about the wide law at the University of Connecticut School pounds of food for the Greater Chicago range of services and materials that the of Law Library in Hartford, spoke at the Food Depository. historic Library Company offers its At the November meeting, Dr. members. Library Director Joe Bennett David E. Guinn, executive director at the offered his library’s assistance to the crowd International Human Rights Law Institute and gave a colorful tour that included at DePaul University College of Law, spoke many historical materials as well as a about his trips to Iraq to re-establish the comprehensive collection of English law law schools and their libraries in Baghdad, documents and sources. Basra, and Sulaimaniya. He detailed the LLAM’s October program was hosted destruction the schools endured and the by Carol Mundorf, law librarian at Ballard unique challenges they face as they try to Spahr Andrews Ingersoll in Baltimore, and rebuild their programs and collections. featured a presentation by Barbara Eames of Global Securities Information Inc. (GSI), Sharon Persons, head of reader services titled “Life Cycle of a Company.” The presentation followed a fictional California- at Northeastern University Law Library based pharmaceutical corporation called (left); Christina Wolfskehl, cataloging Viralmed Inc. through its life as a publicly assistant at Roger Williams University traded company, including its IPO, financial Law Library; and Jennifer Thomas, declines, insider trading investigation, and acquisitions librarian at Roger Williams eventual bankruptcy and cessation of University Law Library, enjoy lunch existence. Throughout each phase of the during the LLNE annual fall meeting company’s life, Eames demonstrated how the on November 4. databases and resources of GSI (LIVEDGAR) could be used to find relevant documents. Christine Morong, CALL continuing Several weeks later, LLAM regrouped luncheon and updated everyone on AALL education co-chair (left); Aaron Schmidt, at the University of Baltimore Law Library news and projects. After the meeting, reference librarian at the Thomas Ford for a presentation on podcasting by Scott participants were treated to a tour of historic Memorial Library; and Julie Pabarja, Stevens, law librarian at the Baltimore Linden Place, a stately federal-style mansion CALL continuing education co-chair, County Circuit Court Law Library. built in 1810 and the crown jewel of offered a continuing education program “Welcome to my Pod!” included a Bristol’s vibrant waterfront district. on blogs and RSS for CALL in demonstration of pod technology and a The LLNE blog was awarded a note that podcasts pertaining to the law Presidential Certificate of Appreciation by November. The program featured AALL. Congratulations to newsletter editors Schmidt’s thoughts on how law libraries may be found at www.legaltalknetwork.com and www.dadsdivorce.com. Susan Vaughn, reference librarian at Suffolk can best utilize these new technologies. University Law Library in Boston, and LLNE Blog Wins Award and Sharon Persons, head of reader services CALL offered a continuing education Members Learn about Law, at Northeastern University Law Library program on blogs and RSS in November. Nature, Gifts from the Sea in Boston, for creating, marketing, and The program featured Aaron Schmidt, The Law Librarians of New England contributing content to the blog. Take a reference librarian at the Thomas Ford (LLNE) gathered at the Bristol Inn in look at LLNE’s award-winning blog at Memorial Library in Western Springs, author Bristol, Rhode Island, on November 4 for its http://llne.blogspot.com. of http://walkingpaper.org, and winner of annual fall meeting. The event was hosted Library Journal’s 2005 Mover’s and Shaker’s by Roger Williams University Law Library MALL Celebrates 50th Anniversary, Award. He discussed the latest developments and the program theme was “Law, Nature Governor and Mayor Declare in blogs and RSS and discussed how and Gifts from the Sea.” LLNEers learned MALL Day law libraries can easily put these new about a controversial liquefied natural gas The Minnesota Association of Law Libraries

32 AALL Spectrum February 2006 AALLSpectrum_Feb 1/13/06 8:54 AM Page 33

(MALL) held its first meeting on December ORALL Members Learn New During the business meeting, members 1, 1955. Fifty years later to the day, MALL Strategies, Life Membership of ORALL voted to award Life Membership celebrated its first 50 years with a party at Awarded to Long-Time Members to two long-time members: Teddy Artz, the University Club on historical Summit The Ohio Regional Association of Law former acquisitions and serials librarian at Avenue in St. Paul. Libraries (ORALL) held its 56th annual the Zimmerman Law Library, University of And what a shindig it was! Blustery meeting October 12-14, 2005, in Dayton, and James F. Bailey, III, former snow couldn’t keep more than 100 law Indianapolis. The theme of the meeting professor of law and law library director librarians and guests away from the was “Adapting to Change, Adopting New of the Ruth Lily Law Library at Indiana festivities. Chief among the special guests Strategies: Racing into the Future.” The University School of Law in Indianapolis. was a familiar name and face to many law meeting was a joint one between ORALL Out-going treasurer, Tom Hanley, director librarians: Bill Lindberg, president of the and the Chicago Association of Law of the University of Dayton Zimmerman Ash Grove Group and formerly of West Libraries (CALL). Law Library, also received an Outstanding Publishing. Lindberg’s inspiring remarks Presenters included ORALL members Service Award for his years of distinguished about law librarians, followed by his clip Melanie Kelley, director of library services service as treasurer. of MALL’s Corp de Loons Talent Show at Ice Miller in Indianapolis (“Beyond the ORALL’s new officers were installed performance from 1989, was one of the Law Library”), and Angela Baldree, law at the business meeting: Kyle Passmore, highlights of the evening. Following librarian at Lake County Law Library in president; Miriam Murphy, vice Lindberg was AALL Vice-President/ Painesville, Ohio (“Bringing Patrons back to president/president-elect; Don Arndt, President-Elect Sally Holterhoff, who led the Library—the Lake County Experience”). treasurer; and Ken Kozlowski, at-large the toast to MALL and its first 50 years. Other librarian presenters included board member. Maureen Anderson, However, it wasn’t just the law Barbara Maxwell, director of the Indiana secretary, and Susan Hersch, at-large board librarians who celebrated this momentous State Library (“Taking the Library to the member, continue in the second year of occasion. President Elvira Embser- Patrons”); Paul Healey, senior reference their two-year terms. Herbert, circulation librarian at the librarian and associate professor of library University of Minnesota Law Library in administration at the University of Illinois VALL Members Contribute to CLE At Urbana-Champaign Albert E. Jenner Book, Write for “All-Librarian” Minneapolis, announced to the happy Issue of Virginia Lawyer, Hold crowd that both Minnesota Governor Memorial Law Library (“Publishing Annual Fall Meeting Opportunities for Law Librarians” and Tim Pawlenty and city of St. Paul Mayor The Virginia Association of Law Libraries “Training the Trainer”); Bonnie Shucha, Randy Kelly issued official proclamations (VALL) held its fall annual meeting at the reference/electronic services librarian at the declaring December 1, 2005, MALL Day. University of Richmond School of Law, University of Wisconsin Law Library in Huzzah for MALL! November 4-5, 2005. President Marie Madison (“Searching the ‘New’ Web: Blogs Hamm, research services librarian at Regent and RSS”); Robin Crumrin, director of University Law Library in Virginia Beach, digital initiatives at IUPUI University and Vice President/President Elect and Library (“Managing Electronic Resources: Program Committee Chair Evelyn Is there Life beyond Print?”); Anne Abate, Campbell, librarian at Hunton Williams executive director of the Greater Cincinnati in Richmond, welcomed more than 50 Library Consortium (“Beyond the Law members to the meeting. Library”); and Carolyn Walters, executive Programs at the annual meeting were associate dean of libraries at Indiana “2007 Code of Virginia: the Implications University-Bloomington (“The Commons of the Reorganization,” “The Future of the Experience at Indiana University- Virginia Public Records Act,” “Finding and Bloomington”). Using Company and Business Resources,” The non-librarian presenters were James and “Lawyers Helping Lawyers: a Way to P. Nehf, professor of law and Cleon H. Support Troubled Legal Professionals.” Sally Foust Fellow at Indiana University School of Holterhoff, AALL vice-president/president- Members of the MALL Executive Board, Law (“Identity Theft”); Professor Anthony elect and AALL representative to the VALL Mary L. Wells, past-president; Susan Faiola, associate director of the Human- meeting, delivered news about AALL, Catterall, secretary/treasurer; Elvira Computer Interaction Graduate Program at including an update about the Strategic IUPUI; and Professor Joe Defazio, interim Directions, the Education Summit, and Embser-Herbert, president; Donna director of the New Media Program at Trimble, member-at-large; and Hope other relevant national issues. IUPUI (“Principles of Web Site Design and Gail F. Zwirner, head of access services Porter, vice president/president-elect, Usability”). All of the speakers and programs gather during MALL’s 50th anniversary at the University of Richmond School of received outstanding evaluations from Law Library, served as one of the general celebration on December 1. ORALL and CALL members. editors for the new edition of A Guide to The meeting opened with a reception at Legal Research in Virginia. The fifth edition the Indiana State Library’s recently restored of this valuable legal research book was If you would like to see pictures of this Great Hall, with entertainment provided by published in 2005 by Virginia CLE celebration, please visit the MALL Chapter the renowned Indianapolis Men’s Chorus. Publications. Other VALL members, page at www.aallnet.org/chapter/mall/ The ComedySportz improvisational troupe index.html. performed at the closing banquet. (continued on page 36)

AALL Spectrum February 2006 33 AALLSpectrum_Feb 1/12/06 2:36 PM Page 34

special interest by Melissa Serfass

section Education of ethics similar to interlibrary loan Summit held in agreements. September. She The OBS Executive Board decided that CS-SIS Question reported back this was an issue that deserved more study Answered on a charge to and established the Special Committee on In last December’s column, I sections and Record Sharing to investigate and make asked if anyone knew the name of chapters to work recommendations for the future. Patricia the first known computer virus. It together to plan and Callahan, associate director for technical was the Elk Cloner virus in 1982. And, execute important visions services at the University of Pennsylvania in a little trick, it worked on the Apple identified at the summit. Law School Biddle Law Library in platform, not the IBM one. LISP hopes to incorporate these important Philadelphia, chairs the special committee. I hope you find this bit of knowledge visions as it moves ahead in its strategic Updates on this issue will be on the agenda interesting. Computing Services Special planning process. for the St. Louis Annual Meeting. Interest Section (CS-SIS) members are an Submitted by Sara Galligan. The updating of the OBS Strategic Plan interesting bunch. Take a look at our Web continues through an e-mail conversation site, www.aallnet.org/sis/cssis, to see some OBS-SIS Committee News guided by OBS Strategic Planning of the things we are up to. The Online Bibliographic Services Special Committee Co-Chairs Ellen McGrath, Submitted by Dominick Grillo. Interest Section (OBS-SIS) was successful head of cataloging at the University At in having some of its proposals accepted Buffalo State University of New York FCIL-SIS to Offer Hot Topics by the AALL Annual Meeting Program Charles B. Sears Law Library, and Hot Topic at AALL 2006. The Foreign, Committee for the Annual Meeting in St. Butterfield, head of technical services at Comparative, and International Law Special Louis. The two programs and one workshop College of William and Mary Marshall- Interest Section (FCIL-SIS) is proud to to be sponsored by OBS are: Wythe Law Library in Williamsburg, announce that it will offer two one-hour • “SCCTP (Serials Cataloging Virginia. The goal of this process is to programs at the AALL Annual Meeting in July Cooperative Training Program) ensure that the current strategic plan, 2006 on timely topics in international and Electronic Serials Cataloging,” a developed in 2001, remains relevant to foreign law. Please keep checking this column, workshop coordinated by Keiko the ongoing activities of OBS. the FCIL online discussion list, and the FCIL Okuhara, bibliographic services/systems Other members of the Strategic Newsletter for additional information. librarian at the University of Hawaii Planning Committee include Tim Knight, FCIL CALI Authors Wanted. The William S. Richardson School of Law cataloguing team leader at the Law Society Center for Computer-Assisted Legal in Honolulu of Upper Canada Great Library in Toronto; Instruction (CALI) is looking for librarians • “Give Me One Box to Access our Okuhara; Briscoe, associate director and to write lessons on foreign and international Electronic Resources—The Pioneering head of technical services at the University legal research. For more information, see the Google Search Appliance Beta Test,” of Colorado Law Library in Boulder; Janet Topic Grid at www2.cali.org/index.php? coordinated by Kathy Fletcher, Ann Hedin, reference librarian at Michigan fuseaction=lessons.grids (under “Legal cataloging librarian at Franklin Pierce State University College of Law in East Research & Writing Grid”) or contact Deb Law Center Law Library in Concord, Lansing ; LaJean Humphries, library Quentel, director of curriculum development/ New Hampshire manager at Schwabe Williamson Wyatt PC general counsel, at [email protected]. • “Scouting for Value: Building in Portland, Oregon; Callahan; Goldner, Submitted by Stephanie Burke Farne. Pioneering Library Services,” technical services librarian at the University coordinated by Mary Jane Kelsey, of Arkansas At Little Rock William H. LISP-SIS Initiates Projects associate director for technical services Bowen School of Law; and Step Schmitt, Legal Information Services to the Public at Yale Law School Lillian Goldman librarian for serials services at Yale Law Special Interest Section (LISP-SIS) members Library in New Haven, Connecticut. School Lillian Goldman Library in New have been busy with several projects, Thanks to the OBS Education Haven, Connecticut. including a review of section bylaws and Committee (Jack Bissett, Georgia K. Submitted by Richard Jost. some draft revisions. The section is initiating Briscoe, Shannon Burchard, Kevin a strategic planning effort to determine Butterfield, Susan Goldner, Pat Sayre- SR-SIS Updates and Revises future LISP direction and to increase McCoy, Karen Selden, and Eloise Publications member involvement. Vondruska) for its help in shaping these The Social Responsibilities Special Interest LISP is also creating selection criteria programs for final submission. Section (SR-SIS) Standing Committee on for its first SIS VIP to attend the St. Louis A popular OBS-SIS-sponsored program Lesbian and Gay Issues continues to update Annual Meeting. Thanks go to LISP Vice- at the San Antonio Meeting this year was its Bibliography on Sexual Orientation and Chair/Chair-Elect Judy Flader, head of “Nabbing vs. Sharing: Z39.50 and the the Law. Throughout last year, James public services at the University of Pacific Ethics of Directly Importing MARC Donovan, reference/access services librarian McGeorge School of Law in Sacramento, Records.” This program explored the at the University of Georgia Law Library for all her efforts involved in getting these options of how libraries obtain MARC Alexander Campbell King Law Library in matters underway for LISP. records and whether there was an ethical Athens; James Durham, head of public LISP member Amy Hale-Janeke, issue involved in the sharing of records. services at Touro Law Center Library in reference librarian/media coordinator at the The lively discussion during and after the Huntington, New York; and Stephanie U.S. Courts Library, 5th Circuit in Houston, program covered a wide variety of opinions Wilson, of the New Mexico Supreme Court was the section’s representative to the AALL and suggestions for action, including a code Law Library in Santa Fe, coordinated an

34 AALL Spectrum February 2006 AALLSpectrum_Feb 1/12/06 2:37 PM Page 35

effort to revise the standing committee’s “One Hundred Years: A Look at the Federal goal of access to justice in “Kindling 1994 Selective Bibliography on Homosexuality Indian Trust Relation Through the Cobell Relationships with the Courts on the and the Law, to cover articles written Case,” sponsored by the Native People’s Front Lines of Pro Se Assistance.” between August of 1993 and December Caucus together with the SR as co-sponsor. Jacquieline Cantwell, senior law of 2004 and include brief annotations for Submitted by Leslie Campbell. librarian at the Brooklyn Supreme Court each of the included citations. If you are Library, reviews Courtroom 302: A Year interested in contributing annotations, SCCLL-SIS Redesigns Newsletter Behind the Scenes in an American Criminal please contact Donovan at jdonovan@uga. Beginning with the fall 2005 issue, Editor Courthouse and asks hard questions about edu. Kim Ositis, reference librarian at the King law library services, observing that the “user The Standing Committee on Library County Law Library in Seattle, has group we are required to serve by statute ... is Service to Institution Residents is working brilliantly reformatted the State, Court, and not demanding our services.” Check out the on an update of the standing committee’s County Law Libraries Special Interest new design and read these articles and more publication, Recommended Collections for Section (SCCLL-SIS) newsletter, SCCLL at www.aallnet.org/sis/sccll/membership/ Prison and Other Institution Law Libraries News, to improve online readability. What newsletter.htm. & Guidelines for Prison Law Libraries (1996 remains the same are the thought-provoking Submitted by Barbara Golden. ed.). They also intend to post to the SR-SIS and interesting articles submitted by our Web page a list of organizations that membership and others. TS-SIS Update coordinate book donations to prisons Charley Dyer, retired director of The new AALL representative to the ALA (www.aallnet.org/sis/srsis/prison-books.doc). San Diego County Public Law Library, Subject Analysis Committee (SAC) was If you have any interest in working with continues to opine on the state of public inadvertently omitted in the column this standing committee, please contact law libraries in these political times with announcing new Technical Services Special Ann Hemmens, reference librarian at the “Starving Government is a Failed Policy.” Interest Section (TS-SIS) committee chairs University of Washington Gallagher Law SCCLL VIP Judge Livingston, of the and representatives. Yael Mandelstam, head Library in Seattle, at [email protected] Travis County District Court, shares her of cataloging at Fordham University Law ton.edu. inspiring remarks from the trustees’ Library Leo T. Kissam Memorial Library Don’t forget to reserve time in your luncheon at the San Antonio AALL in New York, is replacing Marie Whited, St. Louis schedule for SR-SIS-sponsored Meeting. cataloging law liaison at the Law Library educational programs. The two SR- Mareth Wilson, public services librarian of Congress, as SAC representative. sponsored programs accepted for the 2006 at the Sacramento County Public Law Next year at the Annual Meeting in Annual Meeting in St. Louis are “DADT, Library, imagines a world in which the St. Louis, TS-SIS will present a workshop Solomon, FAIR v. Rumsfeld, and the librarians and court staff are dedicated to titled “Planning to Preserve: Writing a Librarian’s Role in Amelioration” and cooperation in the service of the grand Plan to Add Value to Your Collections” and

(continued on page 37) Meet the FCIL-SIS How much do you know about AALL’s The FCIL-SIS evolved from an AALL special interest sections? Bylaws adopted committee and became a special interest by AALL in 1976 provided for their section in 1985. Beginning with 134 creation. The first seven, Contemporary members, it now numbers almost 400. Social Problems (now Social Librarians working in foreign and Responsibilities); Law Library Service to international law created the SIS as a way Institutional Residents (now a part of to share information and resources. Social Responsibilities); Government Documents; Private Law Libraries; Through Annual Meeting programs, Automation and Scientific Development workshops, and institutes, FCIL-SIS members (now Computing Services); OCLC Law have helped educate AALL members about Libraries (now Online Bibliographic cataloging, collecting, and researching with Services); and State, Court, and County international and foreign law materials. Law Libraries, were approved by the Proceedings of five AALL-Oceana-sponsored Mirela Roznovschi, 2004-2005 Executive Board in December 1976. institutes became leading reference books on FCIL-SIS chair (left), and Claire foreign and international law librarianship. Germain, first FCIL-SIS chair. The As part of the centennial celebration, FCIL-SIS evolved from an AALL this column will feature a brief history of In 2000, Ellen Schaffer, a long-time FCIL-SIS committee and became a special an SIS each month. We begin with an member, endowed the FCIL Schaffer Grant. interest section in 1985. account of the Foreign, Comparative, and With additional contributions from publishers, International Law Special Interest Section this grant has enabled law librarians from four The FCIL-SIS Centennial Committee has (FCIL-SIS), submitted by Mary Rumsey, countries (Ghana, Kyrgyzstan, the Philippines, created a timeline of significant events chair of the FCIL-SIS Centennial and the Republic of Georgia) to attend the from 1985 to 2005. Find it on the FCIL Committee. AALL Annual Meeting. Web site, www.aallnet.org/sis/fcilsis.

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Woman’s World — continued from pg. 17

1988. This thorough study, “Sex and Salary back in 1970, an AALL salary survey refused to speak on the record about in a Female Dominated Profession” by showed women making only 61 percent disparate treatment. David R. Dowell, published in Academic of men’s salaries. Female librarians in particular may Librarianship, controlled for 20 variables, Even if the gap disappears, will gender need to learn self-promotion and salary including those most often cited to explain still affect salaries? Howland says yes. negotiation skills. One librarian speculates salary differences—education, experience, “Librarianship’s status as a female- that women rise more slowly through the mobility, professional contributions, etc. dominated profession continues to have ranks than men because “we don’t have the Women earned only 95.3 percent as implications for salaries and for status,” same sense of touting our abilities and much as men when all these variables were she says. “Both may be lower in some accomplishments (or, perhaps more taken into account, suggesting that being environments because librarianship is accurately in some cases, exaggerating female earned a 5 percent salary penalty. traditionally a women’s profession.” them).” AALL has presented some good Unfortunately, no one has done such a Annual Meeting programs on negotiating rigorous study in recent years. In Sum salaries (Leigh Estabrook in 2004, for The 2005 AALL Biennial Salary Survey All law librarians, but particularly managers, example). Female law librarians in particular gives breakdowns by gender, but does should take time to think about whether may need to attend such programs. In not associate the information with other gender plays a role in their workplaces. addition, as librarians learn how to publicize variables (library size, degrees, experience, No library benefits from undercurrents of the value of their libraries, they should also etc.). The survey shows that although resentment and perceptions of unequal pay attention to publicizing their own skills women have become directors, they make treatment. Women who supervise both and accomplishments. 82 percent of what male directors make. men and women should pay attention to Gender in law libraries is a complex Solo librarians show a large gap, too, with whether they feel equally comfortable question, even when considered separately women making 81 percent of men’s salaries. assigning tasks to both. from race, ethnicity, age, sexual orientation, Male associate directors are the only group Male librarians who resent being asked and other characteristics. As one firm of men who make significantly less than to lift heavy objects should speak up. librarian says, “I’d like to say it’s not an their female counterparts (96 percent). Similarly, if female librarians see instances issue, but I don’t think we’re all the way While these data may look discouraging, of male librarians getting privileges or there yet.” at least the trend is positive. Katherine better treatment, they should—carefully— Mary Rumsey ([email protected]) Malmquist’s 1991 study showed that the raise the issue with managers. Of course, is foreign, comparative, and international law overall gender gap in median law librarian sometimes employees fear retribution if librarian at the University of Minnesota Law salaries had narrowed to 92 percent. And they complain. For this article, librarians Library in Minneapolis.

Chapter News — continued from pg. 33

including Jane Baugh, information services law librarian at Fairfax Public Law Library; organization she founded with seed money director at Woods Rogers PLC in Roanoke, Hazel Johnson, Richmond librarian at from a benevolent godfather. Virginia; Christopher Byrne, head of McGuire Woods LLP; Kent Olson, director Cheney’s volunteer efforts with Seniors research and instructional services at of reference, research, and instruction at with Pets earned her the recognition and College of William and Mary Marshall- the University of Virginia Law Library in accolades of her colleagues when she was Wythe Law Library in Williamsburg, Charlottesville; Lyn Warmath, library named the recipient of AALL’s 2005 Spirit Virginia; Fred Dingledy, reference librarian director at Hirschler Fleischer in Richmond; of Law Librarianship Award. The award at College of William and Mary Marshall- Sekula; Warren; and Zwirner. recognizes law librarians who use their Wythe Law Library; Terry Long, assistant The subject matter of the articles ranges professional skills to make meaningful law librarian/government documents from library contributions to pro bono contributions to social concerns through librarian at the Virginia State Law Library service to expert witnesses to employment service to the community. in Richmond; Jennifer Sekula, senior law research to environmental law. One of In her nomination letter, Kara Phillips, reference librarian at College of William the articles is an interview by Warren with associate director and collection development and Mary Marshall-Wythe Law Library; the Honorable Leroy R. Hassell, Sr., chief librarian at Seattle University Law Library, Cynthia Smith, librarian at McGuire justice of the Virginia Supreme Court. deftly explained how Cheney drew on her Woods LLP in Washington, D.C.; and administrative, personnel management, Gail Warren, state law librarian at Virginia WestPac Member Wins AALL’s budgeting/finance, resource and information State Law Library, contributed chapters to Spirit of Law Librarianship Award sharing, marketing, and fundraising skills the book. In addition to her general When Kristin Cheney is not fulfilling her to establish and carry on the work of the editorship of the book, Zwirner contributed duties as executive law librarian at Seattle Seniors with Pets Assistance Program. a chapter as well. University Law Library, you might find her Cheney was honored at a ceremony during Zwirner also coordinated the work of stalking the pet food aisles at Costco. She AALL’s Annual Meeting in San Antonio. many VALL members to write articles for pushes around a huge orange flatbed cart Diane D’Angelo, Suffolk University Law an “all-librarian” issue of Virginia Lawyer. filled with Alpo, 9 Lives, and Eukanuba to Library, 120 Tremont Street, Boston, MA The special issue, available in December restock the food pantry at the Seniors with 02108-4977 • 617/573-8608 • fax: 2005, includes articles by Bobbie Denny, Pets Assistance Program, a nonprofit 617/723-3164 • [email protected].

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Special Interest Section — continued from pg. 35

programs titled “Pioneering the Transfor- in publication. The bibliography will be Thanks are due to Michelle mation of Technical Services Librarians to posted on the RIPS Web page this spring. Rigual, head of technical services at the Digital Librarians” and “Pioneering Towards The hope is that the bibliography will University of New Mexico Law Library in a New Cataloging Code: RDA-Resource be helpful to instructors facing the task of Albuquerque, for creating a wonderful fall Description and Access.” selecting a legal research text by providing issue of RIPS Law Librarian. If you are TS-SIS will also sponsor the following brief information on currency, depth, interested in submitting content of any programs not chosen by the AMPC: intended audience, and other factors. If kind, please e-mail Copy Editor Deanna • “Conversations Across the Cubicles: you have recently used a legal research text Barmakian, reference librarian and Pioneering Change in the TS-SIS and would like to help out by providing instructional services coordinator at 1978-2006” insight on its usefulness, it would be Harvard Law School Library in Cambridge, • “21st Century Technical Services: greatly appreciated. Please contact Chris Massachusetts, at [email protected] Reorganizing for the Future” Vallandingham, faculty services librarian at or Rigual at [email protected]. • “Change at LC: Classweb and the University of Florida College of Law Submitted by Deanna Barmakian. Tribal Law.” Legal Information Center in Gainesville, at I attended the AALL Education Summit [email protected], or Lynn Murray, head in September as the TS-SIS representative. A of research services at Southern Methodist Melissa Serfass, University of Arkansas link for the final report can be found on the University Underwood Law Library in At Little Rock, William H. Bowen School of TS-SIS Web page, www.aallnet.org/sis/tssis/ Dallas, at [email protected] with your input. Law, UALR/Pulaski County Law Library, index.htm. I have been asked to serve on one Watch for more information on this exciting 1203 McMath Ave., Little Rock, AR 72202- of the Education Summit Implementation project on the RIPS online discussion list 5142 • 501/324-9972 • fax: 501/324-9447 Task Forces, specifically task force two, and in RIPS Law Librarian. • [email protected]. concerned with framework and oversight, which is the group responsible for determining the roles of AALL, chapters, Washington Brief — continued from pg. 7 and SISs in providing continuing education for its members. Our preliminary report Week to be held from 1-2:30 p.m. EST on branch, undermining oversight and open will be due early this month. March 13—“Are We Safer in the Dark? A public debate of controversial issues. TS-SIS Vice-Chair/Chair-Elect Rhonda National Dialogue on Open Government We’re also encouraging locally Lawrence, head of cataloging and bindery and Secrecy Teleconference.” Sponsored sponsored programs after the national at the UCLA School of Law Hugh and by AALL, OpentheGovernment.org, the teleconference to discuss how communities Hazel Darling Law Library, will soon post American Library Association, and other can keep all levels of government open. the annual TS-SIS Survey and Request for open government groups, our goal is to If you’re interested in either hosting the Volunteers to the Web. I strongly urge you raise awareness of the importance of teleconference at your institution or you to respond. By giving your talents and ideas open government to everyone in your would like to check to see if it’s being to TS-SIS, you can ensure that your needs community. sponsored in your area, you’ll find the for professional growth and continuing A national panel of experts will discuss link to more information and the site education are met. open government and secrecy—the registration form at www.ll.georgetown. Submitted by Karen Douglas. problems we’re facing with it, how it edu/aallwash. impacts communities, and what the public Mary Alice Baish, associate Washington RIPS-SIS Examines Research Texts can do about it. We’ll look specifically at affairs representative, Edward B. Williams The Research Instruction and Patron how the government’s power to keep secrets Law Library, 111 G Street, NW Washington, Services Special Interest Section (RIPS-SIS) has grown during the past few years and D.C. 20001-1417 • 202/662-9200 • Fax: is beginning a project to create an annotated how the secret keepers wield that power 202/662-9202 • [email protected] • bibliography of legal research texts currently in the courts, Congress, and the executive www.ll.georgetown.edu/aallwash.

AALL Spectrum February 2006 37 AALLSpectrum_Feb 1/13/06 8:55 AM Page 38

membership by Sarah Mauldin news Information, After almost 30 years as a librarian New Librarians where she at Lane Powell PC in Seattle, Denyse received her MS McFadden has moved into a new position Neal R. Axton is a new in information. in the firm as director of human resources. reference librarian at the Warren Initially she is job-sharing with her E. Burger Law Library at the New Places and William Mitchell College of Law. He Responsibilities predecessor in that department, but will assume full duties later in the year. received his JD from the University of Robert Bratton joined the Kansas and is completing his library degree George Washington University Law Kirstin Nelson is the new library at UCLA. School Jacob Burns Law Library in January manager at Blank Rome in Washington, Deborah K. Hackerson is a new 2006 and serves as a cataloging librarian. D.C. She was previously the research reference librarian at the Warren E. Burger Prior to coming to George Washington, he librarian at DLA Piper Rudnick Gray Law Library at the William Mitchell College was a cataloging librarian at the University Cary in Baltimore. of Law. She received her JD from William of Maryland Libraries, Technical Services Cindy Spadoni joined the UCLA Law Mitchell College of Law and has extensive Division, Music/Audiovisual Cataloging School’s Hugh and Hazel Darling Law practice experience. She is enrolled in the Unit. Library in August 2005 and serves as the library and information science graduate Paula Doty is the new acquisitions head of acquisitions. Prior to coming to program of Dominican University. librarian at the Wiener-Rogers Law Library Jean Mattimoe became the new reference UCLA, she was employed as the head of at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas. She reference services at the Los Angeles office and collection development librarian at the was previously director of library services at of O’Melveny Meyers LLP. University of Idaho College of Law Library. Lionel Sawyer Collins in Las Vegas. A recent graduate of the University of Betty Edwards has moved into a newly Kory Staheli has been appointed the Arizona School of Information Resources created position within Seyfarth Shaw as new director of the Howard W. Hunter and Library Science, Mattimoe previously national manager of business development Library at Brigham Young University. He practiced law for five years in Wyoming. research and now reports directly to the previously served as the library’s associate Lindsay Hutchins Matts has been firm’s marketing department in Chicago. director. promoted to circulation librarian at the She will continue to be based in Boston. Jennifer Thomas is the new acquisitions Warren E. Burger Law Library at the William Edwards was also recently a finalist for librarian at Roger Williams University Mitchell College of Law after receiving her Massachusetts Lawyers Weekly’s “Unsung School of Law Library. She was previously MSLIS from Dominican University. Heroes of the Bar Award - Law Librarian an instructional services librarian at Sarah Shik is a new reference librarian at of the Year.” Phillips Andover Academy in Andover, the Jacob D. Fuchsberg Law Center Library Corrin Gee is the new manager of Massachusetts. at Touro College in Huntington, New York. research services at the headquarters library She earned her JD at the University of of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Professional Activities Kansas School of Law in May 2005 and Circuit in Philadelphia. Prior to joining A program to introduce law students to law received her master’s in legal information the Third Circuit Libraries, Gee was an management from Emporia State University information professional consultant with librarianship was conducted by Chapman in December 2005. LexisNexis for seven years. Law School’s Rinker Law Library in Orange, Suzanne M. Smith is a new reference Karen Helde has been named director California. The law library coordinated librarian at the Jacob D. Fuchsberg Law of library and research services at Lane with the law school’s Career Services Office. Center Library at Touro College in Powell PC in Seattle. She has been a On October 25, 2005, Sheryl Kramer, Huntington, New York. She received her reference librarian at the firm since 1994 library director, and Patricia Pelz Hart, JD from Michigan State University College and is a former president of the Law lawyer/librarian, took part in the alternate of Law in 2004 and will receive her master’s Librarians of Puget Sound. careers event with two outside attorneys in library science from the University of Angela Jones has become head of who discussed their own specialties. Buffalo in February 2006. Smith is licensed technical services at the Southern Methodist by the State Bar of New York. University in Dallas Underwood Law Katherine (Kasia) Solon joined the Library. She previously was manager of George Washington University Law School bibliographic services at the University of Jacob Burns Law Library in January 2006 Texas at Dallas. and serves as a reference librarian. She Mark Mackler is the new librarian Sarah Mauldin, Lionel Sawyer and received her JD from William Mitchell in the California Attorney General’s San Collins, 300 S. Fourth Street, Suite 1700, College of Law and is a recent graduate Francisco office. He was previously with Las Vegas, NV 89101 • 702/383-8988 • fax: of the University of Michigan School of Folger Levin Kahn in San Francisco. 702/383-8845 • [email protected].

38 AALL Spectrum February 2006 AALLSpectrum_Feb 1/13/06 8:55 AM Page 39

Why Did You Join AALL?

“I joined AALL “I joined “AALL for the AALL represents a camaraderie, to meet vibrant for networking, people community of and for the already in the dedicated educational law library professionals. opportunities profession. I joined AALL available.” I expected to because it meet connects me — Lindsay seasoned, to my Hutchins experienced colleagues Matts members who could provide me with through its publications, special invaluable advice for someone just interest groups, and the Annual starting out. I didn’t think about the Conference, as well as lobbying for “I joined AALL possibility of meeting people just like improvements to legal education.” myself, who were new to the to meet my — Neal R. Axton new colleagues profession. But they are important as and to become well, because I can go to them for more informed advice as they are going through the “I consider and involved in same triumphs and struggles that I joining this my new am going through as a new law organization profession. librarian.” for law Through my — Suzanne M. Smith libraries membership as part of in AALL and joining the my Minnesota chapter, MALL, I have profession had the opportunity to attend wonderful of law educational and social programs and to librarianship meet great people.” itself.” — Deborah K. Hackerson — Katherine Solon

Memorials AALL Spectrum has been advised of the deaths of Sara Turley Cole, Winifred (Winnie) Wylie Edwards, Marla Schwartz, and Oscar Strothers. Ms. Cole earned her library degree from the University of North Carolina in 1968 and was hired as the University of Memphis law school’s librarian right away. The library then consisted of Ms. Cole, one part-time clerical employee, an IBM selectric typewriter, and a modest collection of yet-to-be-cataloged books. Ms. Cole attended law school part-time while building the law library, earning her JD from the University of Memphis (then Memphis State University) in 1972. She was admitted to the Tennessee bar the same year. In addition to directing the law library, she taught courses in contracts and legal research and writing. She retired due to health reasons in 2000 and died November 26, 2005, at her home following a lengthy illness. Ms. Edwards served as 1993-1994 president of the Arizona Association of Law Libraries (AzALL) and was a member of AALL. She was awarded the Lifetime Membership Award and Distinguished Member Award by AzALL. She retired as librarian at Streich Lang Weeks Cardon in Phoenix in 1996. Ms. Edwards died on October 6, 2005, in Eugene, Oregon. Ms. Schwartz was the head of acquisitions and technical systems at American University Washington College of Law Library. Her loss is deeply mourned by the entire Washington College of Law community. Mr. Strothers worked as a federal government librarian for the Department of Energy. He was one of the founders of the Washington, D.C., AALL chapter and active in a number of local affairs. He had all the skills and intelligence one associates with top professionals and the ability to share what he had learned with others. On top of all his professional talents, he was an extremely stylish and elegant gentleman. He had a joie de vivre that transcended and brightened any social circle he was in, and he could cut a mean step on the dance floor. AALL Spectrum carries brief announcements of members’ deaths in the “Memorials” column. Traditional memorials should be submitted to Frank Houdek, Law Library Journal, Southern Illinois University Law Library, Mail Code 6803, Lesar Law Building, Carbondale, IL 62901, [email protected].

AALL Spectrum February 2006 39 AALLSpectrum_Feb 1/13/06 8:56 AM Page 40

committee by Therese Clarke news to 10:30 p.m., on and cheer the antics of their mascot, July 11, 2006. Willie, as he travels across WestPac The venue is yet country. Expect some hilarious hi- AELIC, GRC, Washington to be determined; jinks from the Hawaiian-shirted Office Working on AALL however, we do buffalo as the drive-in theater goers Authentication Survey know that a cash (and audience) marvel at his exploits. Which state statutes on the bar will be available • “OBS Presents MARC Fields and the Web are official? Which are (not that it will be Indicators.” A Greek chorus of Online authenticated substitutes for official necessary to enjoy the Bibliographic Services-SIS members print versions? The Access to Electronic show). will give a dramatic reading of the Legal Information Committee (AELIC) and The Centennial Variety Show Band, MARC record of a legal title especially its partners in a 50-state survey are focusing under the able leadership of Musical selected for humorous effect, on these and similar questions addressed to Director Bennie Braxton, law librarian at accompanied by the beating of a flat states’ primary legal resources, which are Sughrue Mion PLLC in Washington, D.C., goatskin drum and the strumming of becoming increasingly more accessible on has begun rehearsing in earnest. The musical a guitar. state Web sites. entourage consists of Braxton at the piano; • The LLNERS, that famous comedy The Government Relations Committee Eric Gilson, librarian III/assistant professor and singing sensation duo consisting (GRC) and the AALL Washington Affairs at Rutgers University Law School Library of Ken Svengalis, president of Rhode Office have partnered with AELIC in in Camden, New Jersey; and Matt Shear Island LawPress, and Mike Hughes, administering the survey. Requested by (husband of Joan Shear, legal information associate director at Quinnipiac AALL President Claire Germain and librarian and lecturer in law at Boston University School of Law Library dubbed the AALL Authentication Survey— College Law Library) on guitar. Between in Hamden, Connecticut, present because the official status of Web legal performances, the Centennial Variety Show “When I’m Not Near the Westlaw resources is bound up with showing they Band will play for your entertainment. I Love, It’s Lexis That’s Bound to are authentic—the investigation follows the The acts, which will showcase the talents Please.” Join them for this parody successful State-by-State Report on Permanent of geographically diverse law librarians (lyrics by Svengalis) of the song from Public Access to Electronic Legal Information employed in a variety of settings, include: Finian’s Rainbow as they banter their (www.ll.georgetown.edu/aallwash/PPAreport • “The Cell Block Tango,” from the way through their thrilling .htm), completed by the GRC and the musical Chicago, with librarians from performance. Washington Office in 2003. Shearman and Sterling offices across • “Fugue for Tinhorn Law Librarians,” The AALL Authentication Survey is now the country and a surprise guest sung to the tune of “Fugue for well underway. AELIC developed the questions star as the six merry murderers/ Tinhorns” from Guys and Dolls. and has pre-tested the electronic survey murderesses of the Crook County This Research Instruction and Patron instrument in several states. Eleven state Jail. This is a reprise of the show- Services-SIS-sponsored entry is from authors involved in the earlier permanent stopping rendition the Shearman Joan Shear’s skit, “Same Time, Next public access study will participate in the crew performed at the Law Library Library,” a centerpiece of AALL’s Basic authentication survey. Six of those 11 are Association of Greater New York Legal Reference Workshop since state law library decision makers and closely (LLAGNY) 65th Anniversary Show 1999. concerned with the survey’s important issues; in 2004, He had it comin’ … • “Showdown at the Long Branch Law the six are joined by newly recruited colleagues • “The Capitol Stacks.” In the vein of Library.” Southeastern Chapter of the representing 18 other state law libraries. Mark Russell and the Capitol Steps, American Association of Law Libraries AELIC and GRC members are also carrying a Law Librarians Society of Washington, (SEAALL) members reprise their substantial load investigating their own states D.C. Inc. (LLSDC) librarians will winning entry in the 1989 West Party and devoting hours of patient investigation and trace the history of D.C. law Talent Show in Reno. The skit legal research to neighbor states that remain. librarianship in comedic fashion, features “Wes Law” in a duel to the The AALL Authentication Survey will with song breaks on topics from death with “Lex Mead” and Mary conclude next spring with the publication copyright to Congress, from Forman, customer experience analyst of its findings in a State-by-State Report on legislation to the Lewinsky scandal. at USAA in San Antonio, as Miss Authentication of Online Legal Resources. • “I’m a Law Librarian for the County,” Kitty. Submitted by Richard Matthews and a parody of “Wichita Lineman” by • “The NOCALL Rap,” written by Terrye Conroy. Jimmy Webb, made famous by Julie Horst, associate foreign, Glen Campbell in 1968. Marcus comparative, and international law Centennial Celebration Committee Hochstetler, law librarian and librarian at University of California Selects Variety Show Acts and Band director of the King County Law Hastings College of the Law Library Looking for something to do on Tuesday Library in Seattle, will sing with in San Francisco, and performed by night after the SIS receptions in St. Louis? other State, Court, and County Law NOCALL members. Those of you Come to the Centennial Variety Show! It’s Libraries-SIS members as back up. who attended NOCALL’s May 2005 free, and you don’t need an invitation. Ten • “Willie does WestPac.” Join Western business meeting in San Francisco will fabulous musical acts and comedy sketches Pacific Association of Law Libraries remember Horst’s first composition, have been selected for the cabaret-style show, (WestPac) past and present officers at the “Treasurer’s Rap-ort”: We’re in the which will be held fashionably late, from 9 the drive-in as they gather to watch black, and that’s a fact.

40 AALL Spectrum February 2006 AALLSpectrum_Feb 1/13/06 8:56 AM Page 41

• “Those Were the Days, My Friend,” www.aallnet.org/committee/grants/grants. Competition for the grants was fierce performed by a mystery group, the asp. this year with five submissions, all of which Purple Ribbonettes. In 2001, an additional grants program, showed great promise. The number and Who knows, there may even be an the Minority Leadership Development quality of submissions reflects well on the encore planned. Stay tuned to this column Award, was created to ensure that AALL’s vitality of law librarianship and the high for more details. For questions or comments leadership remains vital, relevant, and interest in meaningful scholarship among about the Variety Show, contact Kelly representative of the Association’s diverse AALL members. Browne at [email protected]. membership. The award provides up to The AALL/Aspen Publishers Grant Submitted by Carol Billings and Kelly $1,500 toward the cost of attending the Program was established in 1996 with a Browne. Annual Meeting, an experienced AALL leader generous contribution of $50,000 from to serve as the recipient’s mentor, and an Aspen Publishers, a New York-based legal Committee on Diversity Announces opportunity to serve on an AALL committee publisher. Aspen considers its contribution 2006 AALL Symposium during the year following the monetary an investment in research that will provide The Committee on Diversity is already award. For additional information, check out a prospective look at the role of librarians, planning its 2006 AALL Diversity the application on the Association’s Web site, researchers, and legal information providers Symposium. The theme of this symposium, www.aallnet.org/about/award_mlda.asp. and will yield results to which publishers which is scheduled for Saturday, July 8, from The application deadline for both can respond. Aspen’s goal is to sponsor 2-5 p.m., will be “Pioneering Minority Law AALL Grants Programs is April 1, 2006. research that will have a practical impact Librarians: Echoes of the Past; Directions for Submitted by Joan Stringfellow. on the law library profession and inspire the Future.” products and changes in the marketplace. The program will celebrate pioneers, Mentoring Committee Seeks The AALL Research Agenda offers either in person or in spirit, in law Mentoring Project Participants suggestions for possible research projects librarianship. Through presentations and Are you a new law librarian or an that cover a wide segment of professional discussions by select prominent minority experienced law librarian interested in interest, including the profession of law law librarians, the symposium will honor meeting and advising those who are new librarianship, law library patrons, law the successes and contributions made by to the profession? Are you considering a library services, legal research and minority leaders in law librarianship while move to another type of law library, or do bibliography, legal information resources, exploring the issues and challenges of you need advice to advance your career? and law library facilities. However, projects increasing and maintaining diversity in the The AALL Mentoring Committee invites are not limited to those described in the profession. A reception will immediately you to become involved in a mentoring agenda; the committee will consider all follow the conference. More information relationship. And since it is up to the applications and research projects. To review about speakers and other details will be participants to decide how long to continue AALL’s Research Agenda, visit www.aallnet. posted on the committee’s Web site, www. their mentoring relationship, previous org/committee/research/agenda.asp. aallnet.org/committee/diverse/index.htm. mentors and mentees are welcome to The AALL Research Committee Contact Chair Robert H. Hu reapply for a new match. members are: Chair Eloise Vondruska, ([email protected]) with questions. The Mentoring Committee will work Duncan Alford, Karen Beck, Jean Submitted by Robert H. Hu. with the Academic Law Libraries; Private Callihan, Carol Collins, Joel Fishman, Law Libraries; and State, Court, and County and Jeanne Frazier Price. Supporting New Professionals: Law Libraries Special Interest Sections to Submitted by Eloise Vondruska. the AALL Annual Meeting Grants provide the best matches possible. Those Therese A. Clarke, Northern Illinois The AALL Grants Program provides who apply by May 12, 2006, are University College of Law, David C. Shapiro financial assistance to law librarians or guaranteed a match in time for the AALL Memorial Law Library, DeKalb, IL 60115 graduate students who hold promise of Annual Meeting. Applications are available 815/753-9497 • fax: 815/753-9499 • future involvement in AALL and the law at www.aallnet.org/committee/mentoring/ [email protected]. library profession. Funds are provided by mentor_project.html. vendors, AALL, and AALL individual Submitted by Gregory Ivy and Kristy Moon. From the President — continued from pg. 4 members. Grants are awarded to cover the Annual Meeting registration fee or the Research Committee Announces digital format when all commercially available registration fee for workshops presented at Aspen Grant Award editions contain access controls that prevent the Annual Conference. Preference is given The AALL Research Committee is pleased the creation of clip compilations and other to applicants who are new to the profession to announce that the 2005 AALL/Aspen educational uses.” This exemption is needed for and active in AALL or one of its chapters. Research Grant for $5,000 has been awarded those who seek to use clip compilations, such The AALL Grants Program began in to Timothy Kearley, director of the law as a law professor who wants to assemble a 1952 and is one of the oldest and most library and professor of law at the University compilation of scenes of lawyers engaged in successful AALL programs. More than 1,000 of Wyoming George W. Hopper Law ethically questionable behavior or police librarians have received funding to assist Library in Laramie, for: “Justinian’s Code on conducting unlawful searches or interrogations. them in attending AALL educational the Web,” a project to digitize, edit, and You’ll find the full comments at www. activities. Many of those recipients are publish on the Web the only known English ll.georgetown.edu/aallwash/1201Comments leaders in the profession today. For translation of Justinian’s Code to use the Final_Dec2005.pdf. additional information, check out the authoritative Latin sources, along with the I welcome your feedback on these application on the Association’s Web site, translator’s extensive explanatory notes. initiatives.

AALL Spectrum February 2006 41 AALLSpectrum_Feb 1/13/06 8:57 AM Page 42

“Diversity matters because the world is made up of many, many different peoples, and as such, law librarianship should reflect this great diversity. It not only helps us serve our patrons/clients better, but it also makes us better, more-informed individuals and better citizens of the world.”

— Faye Hadley, Native American resources/reference law librarian at the University of Tulsa College of Law Mabee Legal Information Center member to member

Why does diversity matter to law librarianship? “In order for people to feel part of a society, and take interest in it, they must feel that their needs and expectations can be met through existing channels. Exposure to cultures and “So many of our patrons approach us with reasoning other than our own can help us an unconscious mark of respect: the appreciate and understand concerns from other confidence that we can and will help them groups. This does not mean we agree with find an answer to their questions. A group everything we see or hear, but it helps clarify entrusted with such a our own thinking and beliefs. Diversity, like weighty responsibility travel, should be experienced to broaden us and should present the most make us citizens of the world.” diverse demeanor possible. Acting as a — Phoebe Ruiz-Valera, technical services combination of role librarian at Cleary Gottlieb Steen Hamilton model and public LLP in New York servant for all those who seek legal information, law librarians should mirror the complex makeup of our society. It’s a “Law librarians work with and serve an increasingly diverse subtle way to Photo courtesy of Thompson McClellan Photography. community of users. A diverse membership in AALL enhances communicate that and enriches the viewpoints, knowledge, experiences, and information, and the power it other aspects of law librarianship. brings can be the tool of all and is not the A diverse profession of law special province of just one particular librarianship will enable us to better demographic group.” handle our professional challenges and better serve our clients and the — Druet Cameron Klugh, senior reference society.” librarian/bibliographer at the University of Iowa Law Library in Iowa City — Robert H. Hu, director and assistant professor at St. Mary's University School of Law in San Antonio

42 AALL Spectrum February 2006 AALLSpectrum_Feb 1/13/06 8:57 AM Page 43

We Will All Be the Solution — continued from pg. 15

perspectives lead to broader answers. But even more than that, diversity means that different questions are asked in the first YOUR NATION’S place. The core values and [the] purpose [of our profession] are examined and strengthened when they are questioned.” Many of us also understand our caucus as being a useful, COURTS, 2006 if not instrumental, tool in recruiting new librarians to our profession. Mindful of the demographic shifts noted above, law schools, law firms, and law libraries are all looking for ways Want’s Federal-State to groom staff that can relate, if not actually resemble, their present and future clientele. As a caucus affiliated with AALL, Court Directory, 2006 the Latino Caucus presents a professional organization that may appeal to law or library students seeking careers outside The profession’s #1 Court Reference, featuring: U.S. the traditional courses of study offered by law or library appellate and district judges and clerks of court; U.S. schools. magistrate judges and bankruptcy judges; Places of And although we have no particular political agenda, as Santana notes, we may have very personal relationships with holding court and counties in federal districts; Federal legal and political issues. “Often our relatives and friends have and state court organization charts; State supreme court problems in particular fields of law, like immigration, powers justices and attorneys general; Federal and State Court of territorial and demi-sovereign entities, bilingual education, and civil rights,” she says. As the only organization within websites; State bar associations; Plus much more! AALL specifically dedicated to promoting the interests of Softbound. 240 pages. $45.00. Latina and Latino law librarians, the Latino Caucus can offer specific insights into issues, such as those Santana outlines. We also have a social role. The Latino Caucus is a place for Directory of State Court Clerks law librarians of diverse interests, backgrounds, and experiences to join together for fellowship and colloquy. By networking, & County Courthouses, 2006 sharing our personal and professional stories, and speaking to and learning from each other, we create a space where we are An excellent complement to Want’s Federal-State welcomed without having to explain or even justify our Court Directory. Includes name/address/phone num- heritage or background. bers of State appellate, trial court, and county clerks “The most important thing … about having a Latino for all 50 states; State judiciary websites; State-by-State Caucus in AALL, and what I think the caucus can contribute, is bringing issues of interest to Latina/Latino librarians to the guide to corporate and UCC filings; State offices of fore and being a resource for other AALL components,” Louis- vital statistics and websites; and trends in State court Jacques says. “The caucus fits a niche of special knowledge, litigation. Softbound. 340 pages. $75.00. passion, and interest in issues related to Latinos in law librarianship, in the legal profession generally, and can be the voice for user needs.” When one pauses to consider that the most recent survey of minority law librarians was conducted in Nation’s Courts Online 1992 and published in 1995, it seems reasonable to conclude Includes the comprehensive federal/state/county that AALL could benefit a great deal from the value and insight that the Latino Caucus can confer. listings of the above directories plus frequent To summarize, the Latino Caucus is here to represent the updates, links to court websites, biographical interests of Latina and Latino law librarians. Our interests are information, and federal court nominations and often the same as other law librarians, such as professional confirmations as they occur. One-month free trial networking, developing and sharing skills, and recruitment to the profession. And while we can be resources, we can also available. expect acknowledgment; if the contributions that Latinas and Latinos have already offered law librarianship are any guideline, we expect a lot. We invite you to participate in our electronic colloquy by subscribing to the newly formed LATINOC WANT Publishing Co. discussion forum, hosted by the LYRIS list manager at 420 Lexington Ave., Suite 300 http://share.aallnet.org/read/all_forums/subscribe?name= New York, NY 10170 latinoc. And look for a direct link to our homepage, which will be available on AALL’s caucus Web site, www.aallnet.org/ Voice: 212-687-3774 • Fax: (212) 687-3779 caucus. We look forward to working with you, and we hope that you’ll “Meet us in St. Louis” and well into the future. www.wantpublishing.com Dennis C. Kim-Prieto ([email protected]) is reference librarian at Rutgers School of Law in Newark, Serving the Profession Since 1975 New Jersey.

AALL Spectrum February 2006 43 AALLSpectrum_Feb 1/13/06 4:18 PM Page 44

View from the University of Denver Strum College of Law Westminster Law Library. Submitted by Patricia Wellinger, views from you reference services coordinator. Photo by Do You Have a Wayne Rust. Beautiful View from Your Law Library? Many law libraries have interesting or dramatic views of cityscapes, mountain ranges, or beautiful vistas. If your law library has a great view, this is your chance to share it with AALL. In order to be publishable, pictures must be of relatively high quality. While we can work with a print, digital submissions are better. Digital submissions must be high-resolution (300 dpi). When scanning photos, set the scanner at high-resolution/print quality/300 dpi. When taking pictures with a digital camera, make sure that the camera is set to View from take the largest photo the William possible. Mitchell College Depending on the of Law Warren number of submissions E. Burger received, we will publish Law Library one or two photos in each in St. Paul, issue of Spectrum and post Minnesota. them on AALLNET at www.aallnet.org/view/view Photo by Don _month.asp. Photos will Zhou, head be published on a first- of technical come, first-serve basis. services. Publication of a submitted photo is not guaranteed. If you have questions about submitting photos, please contact AALL Director of Publications Julia O’Donnell at [email protected]

44 AALL Spectrum February 2006 AALLSpectrumCov_Feb 1/10/06 1:59 PM Page 2

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© 2006 West, a Thomson business L-316915/1-06 AALLCRIV_Feb 1/12/0612:40PMPage1 Tracy Thompson Kamla KingHedges Charles Finger [email protected] College ofWilliamandMary Kevin Butterfield,Chair Subcommittee Annual Meeting/Education Kevin Butterfield [email protected] New EnglandLawLibraryConsortium,Inc. Tracy Thompson,AssistantEditor [email protected] California Western SchoolofLawLibrary Carmen Brigandi,ChairandEditor Sheet CRIV The [email protected] College ofWilliamandMary Kevin Butterfield,CRIVChair ea lsisLbay12 10 9 Legal ClassicsLibrary 7 The Potential ofShibboleth Access Management: From Authenticationto 3 5 Visit toCCHHeadquarters 2 What’s Aheadfor2006? 2 Law FirmLibraryBudgets: County PublicLawLibrary Budget ReductionattheSanDiego Legal Continuations The NittyGrittyofCanceling Confessions ofaSerialKiller: From theChair Editor’s Corner Contents Marshall-Wythe LawLibrary Marshall-Wythe LawLibrary Marjorie Crawford Rochelle CohenCheifetz [email protected] Cornell UniversityLawLibrary Charles Finger, Chair Subcommittee New Product Award Mary LouWilker D. JasonRaymond Kamla KingHedges [email protected] University ofConnecticut Paul Seeman, Chair CRIVPage Subcommittee D. JasonRaymond Marjorie Crawford [email protected] Chicago-Kent CollegeofLawLibrary Thomas Gaylord,Chair CRIV Tools Subcommittee www.aallnet.org/committee/criv CRIV Web Site Mary LouWilker Rochelle CohenCheifetz Kevin Butterfield Carmen Brigandi [email protected] Law LibraryforSanBernardinoCounty Lawrence Meyer, Chair Site VisitsSubcommittee Lawrence Meyer Thomas Gaylord [email protected] College ofWilliamandMary Kevin Butterfield,Chair Subcommittee Publisher Communication School ofLawLibrary Marshall-Wythe LawLibrary

The Newsletter of the Committee CRIV on Relations with Information Vendors Sheet AALL Volume 28, No. 2 February 2006 AALLCRIV_Feb 1/12/06 12:40 PM Page 2

Carmen Brigandi California Western School of Law Library, San Diego Editor’s Corner This issue of The CRIV Sheet begins with three newsletter. It covers the Chicago Association of articles on the theme of budget cuts and budget Law Libraries’ (CALL) mini site visit to CCH last redistributions. First we have “Confessions of a Serial spring. The CRIV Sheet is a perfect venue for this Killer” (don’t you love the title?) from our past CRIV information to get widespread coverage, and the Sheet Editor Dick Vaughan, giving the subject an topic was right on point. academic twist. Next we have an article from Charley Dyer (we managed to get something out of him after Following the CALL mini visit we have an article on retirement), with a description on how to analyze Shibboleth Authentication—something we may all get materials for possible cuts and how to understand the to know intimately in the future. Tracy Thompson, ramifications of certain cuts from the public library CRIV Sheet assistant editor, provides insight on what point of view. The last article on this subject comes it is, why we need it, how it works, and how it will from Patricia Barbone, who lays out the results of an someday happen in all libraries that offer online informal survey put to private firms on future budget resources to diversified patrons. expectations and restraints. Finally in the vendors’ corner, we have an article Next we have a reprint of an article by Julienne by Dick Spinelli from William S. Hein Company Grant that first appeared in the summer 2005 issue describing the HeinOnline Legal Classics Library. of CALL Bulletin. Reprinting an article from another Dick tells us how the titles are selected and how publication is not a practice of The CRIV Sheet, but this product differs from Thomson Gale’s Making we felt that it deserved the wider audience of our of Modern Law collection.

College of William and Mary Marshall-Wythe Law Library, Kevin Butterfield Williamsburg, Virginia From the Chair As I finish writing this column a day or two before The CRIV Annual Meeting/Education Subcommittee Thanksgiving, it has yet to begin snowing in Virginia. submitted several program proposals for St. Louis. As fall comes to a close, however, I realize it has been One was accepted by the AALL Annual Meeting a very busy six months for the CRIV. Program Committee. The CRIV will sponsor “Legal Publishers and Business Practices: AALL’s Ongoing The CRIV Publisher Communication Subcommittee Role in Monitoring the Information Industry.” We fielded several requests for assistance from AALL will pull together the chairs of the CRIV, Fair Business members since the last issue of The CRIV Sheet was Practices Implementation Task Force, Vendor published in November. We worked with publishers Relations Task Force, former Licensing Principles for regarding numbering and labeling of supplements, Electronic Resources Special Committee, and Project billing and invoice issues, and overall library relations COUNTER to update members on their activities and strategies. Many of these issues are ongoing, and we respond to questions regarding their work. continue to advocate on behalf of AALL members. On a final note, CRIV conducted a productive and While we do monitor postings to lists and blogs positive site visit to the LexisNexis offices in Dayton, regarding vendor issues, I encourage you to contact Ohio, in November. The committee drafted its report us directly when problems arise. in December and will release the final version early CRIV works with the AALL Fair Business Practices this year. We thank all of you who submitted Implementation Task Force to integrate the AALL questions and issues for discussion. All were brought before the representatives from LexisNexis, and an Guide to Fair Business Practices for Legal Publishers ongoing process has begun to address those issues into the CRIV’s interactions with vendors, as well as that could not be resolved during the site visit. to promote and publicize the Guide. To that end, the The CRIV looks forward to continuing to work with CRIV has constructed a new workflow for you to LexisNexis on your behalf. Please contact the CRIV follow when requesting assistance from the CRIV. if additional issues or questions have arisen since This revised workflow incorporates principles listed the site visit. The CRIV is planning additional site in the Guide. Further information regarding this topic visits, as well as reverse site visits, for the spring is available on the CRIVPage at www.aallnet.org/ of 2006. Look for further announcements regarding committee/criv/publisher_communication/index.htm. these and other CRIV initiatives this spring.

2 The CRIV Sheet Vol. 28 No. 2 February 2006 AALLCRIV_Feb 1/12/06 12:41 PM Page 3

Richard Vaughan Indiana University School of Law Library, Bloomington Confessions of a Serial Killer: The Nitty Gritty of Canceling Legal Continuations

Every acquisitions or serials librarian is familiar with information and advice on how to go about weeding the process of ordering new materials for his or her a collection. This article approaches the topic from a library. It is what we do. No doubt each library has slightly different angle; it assumes that the decision a few different wrinkles in the process, but I suspect to cancel has already been made. Instead of focusing we all pretty much carry out a similar group of tasks on what to cancel, it focuses on how to cancel. that result in the desired title appearing in our library. What follows is a list of confessions; things that When times are good, we generally order more than an anonymous acquisitions librarian (the name has when times are bad. When times are really bad, we been omitted to protect the innocent) did that made might order very little. And when times are really, the process of canceling a large number of legal really bad, we might actually start canceling titles. continuations harder, more time consuming, and Like ordering, canceling can be a relatively routine probably, as a result, more expensive. Learn from process. Depending on how your library is organized, these mistakes so that your cancellation project is you might be the one making the decision to cancel easier, quicker, smoother, and cheaper. a title or you might be the one told to make sure Confession #1: I Didn’t Realize that Speed the cancellation is carried out. Regardless of who makes the decision as to what needs to be cancelled, Matters ensuring that a basic cancellation is implemented Once the decision has been made to cancel a title, requires contacting the vendor/publisher, followed determine how important it is for the cancellation by updating appropriate library records. If all goes to be activated immediately. If the purpose of the smoothly, the title will stop arriving at an anticipated cancellation is financial, the entire process should date and no further action will be required. be sped up. Contact the vendor by phone and initiate the cancellation as quickly as you can. In these Even when things don’t go smoothly, canceling one situations, stopping all future payments becomes or two titles is usually a pretty manageable task. priority no. 1; the housekeeping of paperwork and When a major weeding project forces a library to recordkeeping can be taken care of after the cancel dozens of titles at a time, however, things cancellation has been confirmed. tend to get a little more complicated. For instance, the author of this article was recently given the task If, on the other hand, speed is not crucial (for of canceling approximately $325,000 worth of legal instance, when an annual payment has already been subscriptions and continuations. The sheer volume of made and it is unlikely a refund will be offered), you cancellations (approximately 300 titles) required that may decide that it is easier to compile a list of titles some sort of organized methodology be employed to being cancelled with a particular vendor, and you make sure that the titles we thought we had cancelled should send the list to the vendor via mail or e-mail. really were cancelled. Although slower, this assures you of having a paper trail of the transactions—something that can be The metaphor, “weeding a collection,” as one weeds crucial should problems arise later. a garden, is apt; but it doesn’t go far enough. After all, if you don’t do a good job weeding your garden, Confession #2: I Didn’t Realize that a the weeds will return. When it comes to weeding Subscription Can’t Always be Cancelled legal continuations/subscriptions from a law library Immediately collection, if you don’t do a good job canceling your Determine if the publication is a subscription-based orders, the materials will keep on arriving and the title (usually paid in advance). If you have already vendor will keep on expecting to be paid. Most of the paid for the title, you will need to decide if you recent literature on weeding law library collections want to, or can, stop receiving updates immediately. focuses on the intellectual process of deciding what Some vendors cannot end a subscription until the to cancel. Recent articles by Margaret Maes Axtmann subscription renewal date. If that is the case, you (“Weeding Anyone?” 28 Technical Services Law will need to decide what you are going to do with the Librarian no.1/2), Brian L. Baker (“Collection updates that arrive after you have decided to cancel Reduction and Development: A Guide to Weeding the title—do you continue to shelve them or do you Your Law Library.” 45 Law Library Lights no.4), and discard them? If you keep on shelving them, you James S. Heller (“Collection Development and will need to institute some sort of procedure that Weeding á la Versace: Fashioning a Policy for Your will ensure that the title is closed when the last Library.” 6 AALL Spectrum no.5) all provide valuable supplement is received. If, however, the vendor does

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allow you to cancel the subscription immediately, you be checked in by the library. To avoid this, you must need to find out if you are entitled to a refund insert appropriate notations in your online catalog or (partial or full). check-in system. This may take the form of a simple note, or your system may provide a way of closing Confession #3: I Forgot Who I Talked to, out the record so nothing new can be checked in. When I Talked to Them, and What They Said Regardless of how and when you contact the vendor, Be aware that the pipeline between vendor and library keep a copy of all correspondence and a record of can be long and winding. If you cancel a title on day all conversations. If you are canceling multiple titles one, and an update for that title arrives on day 15, from a single vendor, contact the vendor and talk you need to determine if it was shipped prior to day to him or her about the best way to ensure that the one. If it was, you may be obligated to pay for the cancellations are activated. Developing a relationship supplement. A good general rule that helps to keep with an individual representative can prove to be the process moving along is to agree to pay for any much more effective than working with several supplements shipped before the cancellation date. different representatives. If you have a local/regional Still there may be times when you want to attempt field representative, contact him or her as the process to return a supplement, even if it was shipped prior starts and see if he or she is willing to serve as an to the cancellation date. These returns will require emissary between you and the vendor office that working with the individual vendors in question. actually enters the cancellation. In the same way you want to avoid receiving Not only is it helpful to keep a record about who, materials you cancelled, you want to avoid paying for when, and what was said, consider keeping a record materials that have been cancelled. This is particularly that documents each step in the cancellation process. important when it comes to periodical subscriptions. A cancellation form that lists important information The last thing you want to do is go through the for each cancelled title can prove to be extremely process of canceling a periodical and then end up helpful as the process unfolds. Information listed on paying a renewal invoice. Thus, make sure that your the form might include some of the following: order records alert the person in charge of paying invoices that the title has been cancelled. • Title name • Internal title record number Confession #5: I Didn’t Realize We Were • Number of copies the library owns Canceling Multiple Copies (prior to cancellation) Canceling one title can be hard enough; canceling • Number of copies being cancelled multiple copies can increase your problems, if you • Purchase order number of the copy being are not careful. Don’t make assumptions about the cancelled other copies being cancelled: don’t assume they are • Date last paid and invoice number purchased from the same vendor, don’t assume they • Cost for this title in the last fiscal year are shelved in the same area of the library, and • Vendor name/vendor account number don’t assume you will treat the back run exactly the • Vendor title number same (you may decide to discard one set and keep • Date vendor contacted another). It is often easier, in the long run, to treat • Date vendor confirmed cancellation cancellations of multiple copies as two separate • Name of vendor representative that confirmed cancellations. the cancellation • Date(s) appropriate records (POs, Online Catalog, Confession #6: It Never Occurred to Me that etc.) updated Anyone Would Ask about the Cancellations • Date(s) appropriate people (faculty, attorneys, Once They Were Cancelled library staff, etc.) notified of the cancellation Inevitably, upon canceling a group of continuations, • Action needed after the cancellation has take someone will start asking questions. “What titles did place. you cancel?” “Why did you cancel that title?” “How much money did you save by canceling those titles?” While this information may not seem important at Be ready for these questions, and have the answers the start of the process, by the time you are done, you before the questions are asked. will appreciate having all of this information in one handy location for each cancelled title. Use your cancellation form (Confession #3) to keep a record of these types of issues as the project proceeds. Confession #4: Of Course I Checked it in, Once the project is completed, produce a report There was Nothing to Tell Me not To (even if it is not asked for) that gives a statistical and Inevitably, just when you think you have a financial snapshot of the project, as well a list of all continuation cancelled, a new part will arrive and titles cancelled.

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Confession #7: Yes, I Cancelled that Title, rookie mistakes, mistakes that made the process more but it Just Keeps Coming time consuming, more complicated, and probably more One of the problems with canceling something that expensive. What do the mistakes all have in common? arrives during a period of time is that it is hard to Well, in the words of the prison warden in Cool Hand confirm that it is truly cancelled. Often, all signs will Luke, “What we have here is a failure to communicate.” indicate that you have successfully cancelled a title, The key to successfully canceling serial titles, but suddenly a supplement (issue, release, volume, especially large numbers of serial titles, is to make etc.) arrives. When this happens, it is crucial that you sure you communicate with everyone involved, every be able to look back on your records to find out when step of the way. Talk to your vendors—let them assist the vendor confirmed the cancellation. you in the cancellation process. Talk with your staff— If you kept good records of the cancellation, you’ll be able let them know specific titles that are being cancelled to report to the vendor the date and name of the person and remind them what this means to their work. who confirmed the cancellation when it was originally When problems arise, deal with them immediately cancelled. If you don’t have those records, you’ll need and make sure all appropriate parties are aware of the to decide what to do. Keep the supplement and try to problem/solution and how it might affect their work. cancel the subscription again? Contact the vendor and Talk to your patrons—when they ask you questions try to cancel the subscription by phone and return the about the cancellation, be ready with the answers. supplement? Discard the supplement because you already If you are lucky, you’ll never have to go through treated the title as cancelled and pay for it, even though a major cancellation project. But if you do, there you are not adding it to the collection? These are just a is no reason why you should go into it blindly. few of the questions that you’ll ask yourself. Communicate, keep good records, and stay on top of The Verdict the process. Following this advice won’t necessarily The confessions of this particular serial killer may or make canceling titles painless, but it will allow you may not be admissible in a court of law. What can be to have some control over the process and ensure that said for sure is that this particular killer made some you are effectively fulfilling your library’s needs.

Charles R. Dyer Retired Director of the San Diego County Public Law Library Budget Reduction at the San Diego County Public Law Library

Editor’s Note: The following article outlines the (2) The library’s major income source is civil filing budget-cutting process at the San Diego County Public fees. It is projected that income from these fees, Law Library prior to Charles Dyer’s retirement. even with annual increases in the library’s portion, will remain static. This is due to declining The San Diego County Public Law Library, like many numbers of paid filings. Without legislation, public law libraries, recently had to make hard the library does not have another method of choices in order to reduce expenses. This article sums generating large amounts of revenue on an annual up some of the thinking that went into the reduction basis that could be used for operating expenses. of acquisitions costs as a component of the library’s budget reduction plan, approved by the library’s (3) Print subscriptions are increasing at rates between board of trustees in November 2004. 8 and 16 percent per year. The Plan (4) The number of visits to the library by attorneys The plan’s objective was to have the library provide has dropped dramatically in the last several years, the services most needed by the community within a as attorneys now depend heavily on online budget that could be reasonably forecast for the next services they can obtain in their offices. five years. The following presumptions were made for (5) The number of visits by self-represented litigants planning purposes: has risen slightly in the last several years, due (1) The library’s mission must change to reflect the both to population growth and to increased shifting nature of its clientele and the changes in publicity and outreach by the library. legal publishing. A new mission statement should There was a caveat: Although self-represented emphasize the library’s service to self-represented litigants would be the first priority, faith would be litigants, with service to the other traditional users kept with attorneys who are dues-paying members set as a secondary obligation. of the library, as this is a revenue factor (about 3.5

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percent of the total budget, with perhaps another 1 to be worth continuing, even if not available to 2 percent coming from charitable donations). The in an online or Internet service. library should continue to support the practitioner- oriented materials that are best used in hard copy, f. New print subscriptions will not be added such as well-used treatises. These are what attorneys unless they pass this same test. come to the law library to borrow. g. In succeeding years, any print subscription With this mission change, the library proceeded to for which the answer to a is no will be replace hard copy primary sources with computer re-examined when the subscription is due. access. Further, other sources that are readily (2) East County and South Bay Branches’ print available through computer access were also collections shall be reduced to core collections. considered for cancellation, which included cases, statues, legal periodicals, and agency-oriented loose- (3) The North County print collection shall be leaf services. Some materials, such as California reduced according to the principles used to primary sources, Continuing Education of the Bar examine print subscriptions at the main library. materials, and California Forms of Pleading and (The North County Branch is 42 miles from the Practice, were retained because of high-volume use. main library, usually requiring more than an The branches were reduced to core collections. The hour drive.) main library collection had significant additional (4) In order to retain faith with dues-paying reductions. Every title was to be examined (the members, the total of practitioner-oriented process continues into the current fiscal year). treatises and similar materials retained in hard The Process copy should be of an amount equal to or greater The prescribed decision-making process is as follows: than the sum of one-half the funds collected from membership fees and the amounts contributed (1) During the two-year first reduction phase, every from private sources for the purchase of such subscription at the main library will be examined materials. Donor wishes shall be respected. For to determine the following: example, the Bar Association of Northern San a. Is the information covered by the subscription Diego County directs its gifts to be used at the available in an online or Internet service? North County Branch. b. If so, is the use of the subscription so heavy The Result that the library would be required to have Increased online subscription costs were experienced additional computer terminals and licenses as subscriptions were canceled. Use of databases that for public use, just because of the charge by the search are expected to increase. Unless cancellation of that one subscription? That staff later notes unanticipated hardships for patrons, is, does the subscription have a sizeable charges for such use will be passed on to patrons. peak-load use such that cancellation would actually cost the library more money to By making this transition, the San Diego County replace it with online service? Public Law Library has been able to reduce its acquisitions costs substantially. Another component c. Is the use and format of the materials such that not discussed here is that the library went further online viewing would create a hardship for to reduce its technical services staff to an amount users? For example, a treatise in one or several appropriate to handling the new collection volumes that a patron would sit and read at development. The deployment of that staff also length would be harder to use as an online changed. Most of the reduction has been achieved service. The dividing line would normally be through attrition, but there remains the possibility placed at about the same point as the line used that the skill sets of a few staff may not meet the to determine whether copying is fair use. A new needs. legal periodical article is short enough that its use will be covered by online services when Another component of this change was to emphasize available. A Witkin treatise is not. the need to retain, and possibly increase, reference staff. The presumption is that self-represented d. If the answers to a, b, and c are yes, no, and litigants will consume greater amounts of reference no, respectively, then the subscription will services in learning to work with computer-accessed be cancelled. legal information. The San Diego County Public Law e. During the examination of each subscription, Library has been a leader in teaching classes to self- there will be a further determination as to represented litigants. Now its classes will have to whether the subscription is used often enough emphasize the different access points.

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The Future distributing our services. Reference librarians are In the next few years, the self-represented litigant already providing strong information regarding population should become more familiar with using free Web sites. online access, not just as repeat users, but also from With all this in mind, one of my last acts as director their experiences with other knowledge systems at the San Diego County Public Law Library was to outside of law. That is good, because eventually the obtain a grant to conduct a study on the long-term library may have to go ahead and transfer nearly all effects of the library’s capital needs. How much space, resources to online services, including heavily used and what kind, will be needed five or 10 years from California materials, especially because some of them now? (An added factor is the greatly reduced price of will no longer be published in hard copy. digitizing old data, as shown by Thomson West as it Obviously, self-help books, such as those published builds its amazing appellate brief collection, including by Nolo Press, will always remain economically our collection of California briefs.) Will classroom viable for libraries in hard copy. But we may space take the place of stacks? Will we do most of eventually have a day when most of our users our work through telecommuting? Will live reference expect to see materials in online versions first. As begin to include video conferencing? Stay tuned. computerized language translation programs continue I’ll leave this one to my successor, Robert Riger. to improve, I hope that they may help provide better The process faced by the San Diego County Public access for our non-English speaking populations. Law Library is not any different from that faced by The San Diego County Public Law Library has also most public law libraries these days. Because of our been one of the leading libraries participating in live size and the larger number of librarians involved in online reference. If it, and other public law libraries, collection development, we have had to be more can eventually contract with publishers to provide systematic so that we all operate together. I hope that wide area network (WAN) contracts for commercial my rendition of the very good work done by the staff online law services, remote access to public law at the San Diego County Public Law Library aids you libraries may well become a substantial pattern for in forming your plans and informing your boards.

Patricia Barbone Hughes Hubbard Reed LLP, New York Law Firm Library Budgets: What’s Ahead for 2006? What’s worse than nails on a chalkboard? Well if you Responses to an informal survey sent out on the are responsible for managing the library budget in a Private Law Libraries Special Interest Section and law firm, you may well answer, “budget time.” Yes, Law Library Association of Greater New York online budget time is that time of the year, generally the last discussion lists give us some idea of what is ahead for quarter of the calendar year, when you project what private law firm library budgets. The survey, sent out your library expenses will be in the next fiscal year. on November 21 and open for a mere three days prior It is a time filled with so many competing interests, as to Thanksgiving, yielded 92 responses: 36 percent of we struggle to satisfy the expectations of the various the respondents were from Am Law 100 firms and 20 factions in our firms. percent were from Am Law 200 firms. The remaining Attorneys, marketers, and our own library staff 42 percent were from other firms. The largest always seem to want more resources. But for all those respondent group consisted of librarians from firms people pushing us to acquire, there is a force in the with fewer than 150 attorneys: 35 percent. Twenty- law firm that pushes back just as hard. He or she five percent of the respondents were from firms with is known by many names: CFO, COO, comptroller, 151 to 275 attorneys, 8 percent were from firms with executive director, or managing partner, to name a 276 to 400 attorneys, 13 percent were from firms few. But this person is a formidable presence and has with 401 to 600 attorneys, and a notable 17 percent the firm’s overall profitability on his or her shoulders. were from firms with more than 600 attorneys. Ultimately, he or she decides the library resources What firm librarians expect for 2006 is similar to budget for the coming year. what occurred in 2005. More than 80 percent reported Just what is the collective outlook on law firm library that their budget had increased in 2005 when budgets for 2006? What are law firm librarians thinking compared to 2004, 13 percent reported that their about for their budget dollars? Will there be enough budget had not increased, and 3 percent reported that money to satisfy all expectations? Will firms be able to their budget stayed the same. When asked if they continue all their subscriptions? Will anyone be buying believed their overall library budget would increase anything new? How will firm librarians balance it all? in 2006, 83 percent reported that it would, while 11

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percent reported that it would not, and 7 percent attorneys overwhelmingly believed that prices would reported that it would stay about the same. increase by 11-15 percent. What could be the reason Are there different budgetary pressures on the this group felt such price pressure? One theory is that smaller and largest law firms? There are pros the larger firms and smaller firms with homogeneous and cons of economies of scale in the law firm practices had enough users to qualify for discounts, environment, but how does this affect firm librarian but the firms with 276 to 400 attorneys had multi- perceptions? Of respondents from 33 firms describing practice firms and were not large enough to warrant themselves as having 150 attorneys or fewer, 27 the best rates. percent felt their department budget would decrease The lack of competition in the legal marketplace or stay the same, while 72 percent believed their was also a concern expressed by firm librarians. budgets would increase. Among those that believed One librarian expressed the following sentiment, “The their budgets would increase, 21 percent believed cost of resources usually exceeds the rate of inflation their budgets would increase by 1-5 percent, and and the rate at which we can increase our billable 39 percent of the respondents believed their budgets rates in our market. As competition dwindles, costs would increase by 6-10 percent. will increase at a greater rate.” At the other end of the spectrum are the firms Another librarian expressed a similar sentiment, “The with more than 600 attorneys. Almost all these vendors have us over a barrel on costs. Many of the respondents believed their budgets would increase: titles we buy are produced by a single vendor.” 56 percent estimated they would increase by 1-5 percent, and 25 percent estimated they would increase Yet another said, “Now with fewer vendors, the prices by 6-10 percent. Both librarians from the smallest and are going up at a steady rate, and I believe the trend largest firms see increases ahead in 2006, but the will only get worse.” distinction is that librarians at the largest firms expect If firm librarians expect larger budgets, will firm their budgets to grow by a smaller percentage. library collections stay the same? The survey shows Since firm librarians overall see increases ahead that librarians expect prices to outweigh the increases for 2006, what do they believe is driving these in their budgets. One librarian reported that the increases? Based on the responses from this survey, library would have to cancel some items in order to the reason the law firm budget is increasing is clearly “off-set the higher costs and [still purchase] the new to keep up with the price increases of publishers and resources available.” other content providers, while still acquiring new materials. When asked how much publishers would Some librarians indicated that they would try to cut increase their costs in 2006, only 5 percent of print, but their online budgets would continue to librarians answered that prices would increase by grow. For the librarians who expected their budgets 5 percent or less. Even though the consumer price to increase, 57 percent said the reason is that index (CPI) from October 2005 to October 2004 products they currently have will cost more and that increased 4.3 percent, and even though we see that they would be purchasing new resources. This survey other industries routinely hold prices level or even question didn’t specifically address if cuts would still decrease prices, the legal publishing industry has be needed, but since firm librarians indicated that always maintained aggressive growth with regular price increases would be higher than budget increases, and significant price increases. it is reasonable to believe that cuts will be made. More than 50 percent of firm librarians believe that In conclusion, it looks like 2006 will be a year with publishers would increase costs by 6-10 percent in a mixed outlook. Most firm librarians will see an 2006, and 39 percent believe that publishers would increase in their allocated dollars, but they will have increase costs by 11-15 percent. The beliefs of firm to work hard to allocate those dollars to satisfy all librarians were different based on the size of their their users. While more money is great, and better firms. The majority of librarians from firms with 1 than the alternative, more money doesn’t smooth the to 150 attorneys, 151 to 275 attorneys, 401 to 600 way if it isn’t quite enough to cover the expected attorneys, and 601 or more attorneys believed that price increases. So it looks like the balancing act publishers would increase costs by 6-10 percent. of matching resources with user expectations will However, librarians from firms with 276 to 400 continue in 2006.

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Julienne E. Grant Loyola University School of Law Library, Chicago Visit to CCH Headquarters

Editor’s Note: The following article was originally this new feature. Information about CCH@Hand is published in the Chicago Association of Law Libraries also available at www.CCHAtHand.com/Welcome. newsletter, CALL Bulletin, summer 2005, no.196. Judith McRee, executive director of customer care At the invitation of CCH, 24 Chicago Association of operations, introduced Aspen Publisher’s new Law Libraries (CALL) members convened at the legal “My Account” feature, which was formally introduced publisher’s headquarters in Riverwoods, Illinois, on in June. “My Account” is available through Aspen’s April 5, 2005. The trip, organized by CALL’s Relations Web site (www.aspenpublishers.com) and will have with Information Vendors Committee, provided CALL many capabilities. members with an opportunity to direct questions to Specifically, “My Account” will allow Aspen subscribers CCH personnel and learn about some of the publisher’s to view invoices, subscriptions by status, details of orders, new initiatives. More than 25 CCH employees also and link/unlink accounts to a single user ID. According participated in the event, which included presentations, to McRee, customers will eventually be able to pay by a Q&A session, and a sit-down lunch provided by CCH. credit card using the “My Account” feature. McRee also Leslie Bonacum, director of corporate communications, explained that CCH and Aspen each have their own provided an overview of the corporate structure of internal customer service organization and there is no Netherlands-based Wolters Kluwer, CCH’s parent company. immediate plan to merge them. For support issues, McRee As it was introduced in Amsterdam on March 21, 2005, specified that customers should utilize the contact most products and employees of CCH and Aspen information on their invoices. For Aspen, there is also a Publishers are now part of the Wolters Kluwer Tax, specialty, toll-free line for law firms, law libraries, and Accounting, and Legal Division. Wolters Kluwer has courts (877/529-5427), as well as a specialty e-mail initiated a new branding strategy, and its corporate logo address ([email protected]). will become more prominent on CCH and Aspen products. The CCH Web site (www.cch.com) provides a fully CCH employees stated that print products, including searchable knowledge base with answers to hundreds Aspen and CCH book titles, generate 65 percent of of FAQs. A live Web chat feature is forthcoming. the Tax, Accounting, and Legal Division’s revenue. Jerry Pruitt, vice president of customer service and Electronic products, including CCH’s Internet Research operations, announced that CCH print production and Network and Aspen’s Loislaw, are responsible for the paperback book fulfillment operations have both moved. remaining 35 percent. CCH staff indicated that there Print production has shifted from Florida to Chicago, and is an increasing customer demand for electronic paperback book fulfillment has moved from Chicago to products and that CCH “will publish in any media Maryland. These location changes, according to Pruitt, as long as [the] market supports it,” Bonacum said. should ultimately result in improved service for customers. Scott Murray, Internet marketing manager, discussed CALL attendees directed an array of questions and CCH’s Cost Recovery Project. The project, which is in concerns to CCH personnel during the course of the beta testing through the end of May, will ultimately day. Several CALL members, for example, expressed provide CCH online subscribers with access to a usage dissatisfaction with Aspen’s practice of charging a reporting utility and a client matter number tracking percentage of invoice fee for shipping and handling. system. CCH suggests that corporate subscribers Stacey Caywood, vice president of legal professional, charge clients a $249/hour retail fee for use of CCH responded that this issue was being reviewed for online products. No official release date has been set possible changes, but no specific timetable was in for these new enhancements. place. One CALL attendee described prior difficulties with Aspen’s handling of tax-exempt documentation, Jeanne Fitzmaurice, senior business technology and CCH staff indicated that these issues had been analyst, demonstrated and discussed CCH@Hand, resolved. CCH personnel also stated that they were a new feature of CCH’s Tax Research Network. looking into general improvements regarding CCH@Hand allows the user to directly launch invoicing practices, account consolidation, and search queries from MS Office 2003 documents the Internet Research Network’s user interface. or a PC desktop. In addition, users can also quickly incorporate CCH content into e-mail and Word Overall, the day spent at CCH was extremely documents and create live links to CCH text. informative, and CCH staff members were CCH@Hand is available automatically with exceptionally cordial. Many thanks to Lorna Tang, subscriptions to the Tax Research Network and must chair of the Relations with Information Vendors be installed on a PC desktop. CALL attendees received Committee, and CCH’s Leslie Bonacum, who jointly demonstration CDs and accompanying literature about organized this worthwhile event.

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Tracy L. Thompson New England Law Library Consortium, Inc., Keene, New Hampshire From Authentication to Access Management: The Potential of Shibboleth This article, which owes a debt of gratitude to John to access a database of stored username/password Paschoud, of the London School of Economics and combinations. Shibboleth also enables information Political Science Library, for his excellent presentation providers to more closely control access to their at the International Coalition of Library Consortia licensed content; no longer will anyone within a (ICOLC) meeting in Poznan, Poland, in October 2005, given IP range automatically gain access to content. will provide a basic introduction to a promising new Shibboleth addresses two key issues in the solution for authentication issues. authentication realm. First, it simplifies and clarifies In my work licensing electronic content on behalf of user authentication for both the user and the consortium members, I have long been aware of the information provider. From users’ perspectives, they shortcomings of existing authentication schemes for employ a single sign on to gain access to all of the both the subscribing institution and the information resources to which they are entitled—no plethora of provider. Both sides have good reason for dissatisfaction passwords and usernames to commit to memory or with the status quo. I have eagerly awaited the next big to build a database around. And since the access thing in authentication, and I think Shibboleth is it. management infrastructure is Web based, there is no connection to the physical location of the user, What is It? enabling an authorized user to access content from The word shibboleth has biblical roots and refers to a any location, regardless of the user’s IP address. On password or phrase that can be used to weed out one the information providers’ side, there is no more need group of people from another, who might otherwise for IP address management, which currently requires have no other distinguishing features. Libraries and a great deal of administrative rigor. information providers have an interest in weeding out unauthorized users of licensed electronic content Second, Shibboleth’s distributed infrastructure allows from those who are authorized to access the content. users to maintain their privacy with information Shibboleth, in our context, refers to an open source, providers, because all personal identity information standards-based access management solution based is maintained by the institution. With increasing on Security Assertion Markup Language (SAML) emphasis on maintaining the privacy of users, this version 1.1. It seeks to replace the username/password is a key advantage of Shibboleth. and IP authentication methods now widely employed How Does It Work? by libraries and information providers, among others. Now stay with me here. It’s not as complicated as Started in February 2000 as an initiative of Internet2 it might sound. Basically, there are three main and a leading group of campus middleware architects, components, and a host of subcomponents, in the Shibboleth is now in release 1.3 and is ready for Shibboleth scheme. widespread implementation. Shibboleth’s basic premise is First, the resource provider (ReP) is the host of that it provides or prohibits access to electronic content the content the user attempts to access. The ReP on the basis of individual users’ attributes (faculty, staff, maintains a number of the subcomponents. Second, employee, student, judge, class member, alum, guest, etc.) rather than the personal credentials of the individual, the credentials of a network (as in IP authentication), or the credentials of a generic or institutional username and password. Brown University, North Carolina State, Penn State, and the University of Washington are among the higher education institutions working to implement this emerging technology. Why Do We Need It? When Shibboleth achieves widespread deployment, the process of user authentication will be greatly improved. Each user will have his or her own set of attributes that travel with him or her, can change fairly readily as needed, and still protect the user’s identity and privacy. Authorized users will be able to gain access to licensed content from any place at Source: The Swiss Education and Research Network (SWITCH), any time, regardless of their IP address or their ability www.switch.ch/aai. Used with permission. Thanks to Thomas Lenggenhager for providing the image file used here. 10 The CRIV Sheet Vol. 28 No. 2 February 2006 AALLCRIV_Feb 1/12/06 12:43 PM Page 11

the identity provider (IdP) is the institution with sent by another Web browser redirection to the which the user is affiliated and which will manage resource that the patron wants to access. (This the attributes of the user. The IdP is also responsible step is completely invisible to patron, since it for supporting a number of the required is a server-to-server communication in the subcomponents. Third, the where are you from background between the Shibboleth components (WAYF) service manages the relationship between at the ReP and IdP.) On the resource side, the the ReP and IdP. The WAYF service is a trusted, handle received gets passed to the Shibboleth centralized federation, such as InCommon Attribute Requestor (SHAR) component. (www.incommonfederation.org), the federation (9) The SHAR then sends the handle via a secure HTTP formed by Internet2 for this purpose. connection to the attribute authority (AA) at the Institutions that decide to implement Shibboleth home organization, which generated the handle. need to affiliate with a WAYF federation. The WAYF (10) The AA verifies the handle and its validity federation allows institutions to establish a single internally with the handle server. If valid, the set of technical, access, and policy rules that will be AA checks out which attributes it may release to distributed to multiple resource providers, rather than the resource based on the Attribute Release Policy requiring numerous bilateral arrangements between (ARP) of patron regarding the resource. The AA identity providers and resource providers. sends the attributes, digitally signed, to the SHAR. A step-by-step explanation (adapted from John Finally, the SHAR passes the attributes to the Paschoud’s article, “Shibboleth and SAML: at access control manager, which then, according to last, a viable global standard for resource access its configuration, authorizes the access for patron management,” http://hdl.handle.net/1988/81) of based on the set of attributes provided. If a the authentication process follows. resource requires information about the user for functional purposes (such as personalization), (1) Using a browser, patron connects to the the access control manager can request and pass Web-based resource (ReP). these attributes to the resource. (2) Since the Web server detects no pre-existing Once authorized, a session is established, and the session for patron, the server hands her request communication between patron and the resource over to Shibboleth Indexical Reference Establisher within this session does not need any further (SHIRE), which redirects patron’s Web browser involvement of Shibboleth components. to the WAYF server. So that’s it in a nutshell. Obviously, there are (3) The WAYF server presents patron with a Web significant technical issues behind this simplified page from which she selects the name of her picture. For those of you who are technically inclined, home organization. please see http://shibboleth.internet2.edu/shibboleth- (4) When patron selects her home organization, documents.html for all of the gory details. her browser returns the selection to the WAYF. How Will This Happen? (5) The WAYF then redirects her Web browser to the For Shibboleth to replace existing authentication handle server (HS) of her home organization. schemes as the gold standard, it will require a great (6) From the handle server, patron gets a Web login deal of education, outreach, collaboration, and screen of her university, well known to her since perseverance. But it will be worth it in the end. she uses the Web login already for various Web Shibboleth has the potential to overcome obstacles to resources and services offered by her university. access presented by current IP and username/password authentication schemes. It will result in authorized (7) Patron provides her credentials (e.g., username users gaining access to content any time from any and password) to the handle server of her home place. It will also result in information providers organization—normally via an existing and gaining the ability to more closely control usage and familiar Web SSO (Single Sign-On) interface. therefore provide more accurate and relevant usage A good example of the SSO environment can be statistics. Institutions, IT departments, information found at Yale University, which has developed the providers, and federations will all need to work Central Authentication Service (CAS). See http://tp. together to understand and implement the system its.yale.edu/confluence/display/TP/Home?page=Ce successfully. The first step is building awareness. ntralAuthenticationService for more information. For the most complete treatment of Shibboleth, (8) Provided the credentials are correct, the handle including FAQs, mailing lists, technical specifications, server generates an opaque and digitally signed and lists of enabled information providers, please handle on behalf of patron. The handle gets visit http://shibboleth.internet2.edu/shib-intro.html.

The CRIV Sheet Vol. 28 No. 2 February 2006 11 AALLCRIV_Feb 1/12/06 12:44 PM Page 12

Richard Spinelli William S. Hein and Co., Inc., Buffalo, New York Legal Classics Library

Williams S. Hein and Co. Inc. released 100 titles in to compete with the Making of Modern Law, but for the Legal Classics Library of HeinOnline in 2005. This the Legal Classics Library to be very selective and marked the first non-serial complete library added to as reasonably priced as possible so that it will be HeinOnline since the electronic resource was initially affordable for a much broader spectrum of libraries. introduced in 2000. In the Works The positive response from subscribers to this new What are the future plans for HeinOnline’s Legal module has been very encouraging and has sent a Classics Library? While it is too early in the strong signal that they want content added regularly. development to accurately predict the exact content, By the end of October 2005, the content grew to the Hein Company will look to three primary sources more than 200 titles, and we expect to easily attain for material to be included in this module. We will our goal of having at least 300 titles available by the continue to rely on Cohen’s recommendations for end of 2005. titles in his Bibliography of Early American Law and One has only to look at titles already included in the for titles in Law Books Recommended for Libraries. library to realize why the initial releases have been Just as importantly, and what has always been true so favorably received by subscribers. Titles, such as for projects the Hein Company has undertaken, we Theory of Legislation by Jeremy Bentham; Growth strongly solicit and encourage recommendations from of the Law by Benjamin Cardozo; Framing of the the librarians with whom we have worked so closely Constitution of the United States by Max Farrand; through the years and upon whom we have relied in Spirit of the Common Law by Roscoe Pound; so many other areas. Congress, the Constitution and the Supreme Court by Charles Warren; Blackstone’s Commentaries by In light of this, to specifically identify titles that will Henry St. George Tucker; Ancient Law by Sir Henry be included, or to predict how quickly this collection James Sumner Maine; and Supreme Court in United will grow, is not possible at this time. It is apparent, States History by Charles Warren, are just a few however, with the reaction to the initial releases, examples of the major treatises already included. that the Legal Classics Library is meeting a need. The initial release consisted of titles from two Therefore, we will continue to expand the library, not primary sources: Morris Cohen’s award-winning to rival the Making of Modern Law, but simply to Bibliography of Early American Law and the A.A.L.S. keep adding titles that are considered classic and that Law Books Recommended for Libraries. Under Cohen’s our consultant and our customers strongly feel should guidance, these two bibliographies will continue to be included in a Legal Classics Library. serve as cornerstones for titles to be included in the With the growth of all the modules within Legal Classics Library. HeinOnline, a la carte pricing is now offered. For With the release of the Gale Thomson Making of those who do not want to subscribe to the entire Modern Law Collection, librarians have questioned collection, the Legal Classics Library, as well as each what the differences will be and how much overlap of the other modules, is available separately. If you will occur in these two electronic collections. The are interested in subscribing to an individual module, scope of the Making of Modern Law Collection, with please get in touch with the marketing department at its approximately 20,000 titles, is much larger than William S. Hein and Co. Inc. for more information. HeinOnline’s Legal Classics Library is planned to be. While there will definitely be overlap in the As always, we appreciate your support of HeinOnline two collections, the Legal Classics Library will be and all our other products and look forward to our considerably more selective. The long-range goal in continued relationship as we work to provide the best developing the Legal Classics Library is not necessarily possible service to our customers and friends.

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