Beijing: a Contrasting Locality in China a Unit of Work for 5 to 8-Year-Olds by Arthur Kelly Liverpool Hope University, United Kingdom
Beijing: a contrasting locality in China a unit of work for 5 to 8-year-olds by Arthur Kelly Liverpool Hope University, United Kingdom
CONTENTS Introduction, rationale and how to organise the activities Getting started: an introductory activity Activity Resource Sheet A1: KWL exercise Activity 1: Where in the world is Beijing? (with suggested activities and extension tasks) Activity Resource Sheet A2: Outline map of China Activity Resource Sheet A3: China facts Activity 2: How could I get to Beijing? (with suggested activities and extension tasks) Activity 3: How is Beijing/China connected to where I live? (with suggested activities and extension tasks) Activity Resource Sheet A4: Looking for connections Activity 4: What might it be like to be in Beijing? (with suggested activities and extension tasks) Activity Resource Sheet A5: Weather in Beijing Activity Resource Sheet A6: Transport in Beijing Activity Resource Sheet A7: Some things to see in Beijing Activity Resource Sheet A8: What is Beijing like? Activity Resource Sheet A9: Landmarks and tourist sites in Beijing Activity 5: What are the main similarities and differences between Beijing and where I live? Activity Resource Sheet A10: Comparing primary school life Activity 6: How have the Olympics changed Beijing? (with suggested activities and extension tasks) Activity Resource Sheet A11: Are the Olympics good for Beijing? Activity Resource Sheet A12: Comparing China, the United Kingdom and Australia (outline maps) Activity Resource Sheet A13: China political map
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Beijing: A contrasting locality in China by Arthur J Kelly Liverpool Hope University
Introduction How to organise the activities This unit aims to develop five to seven year old Suggestions are made as to activities which can be pupils’ understanding of Beijing as a place that teacher led and those in which pupils should be contrasts with where they live, in particular to able to work independently. Ultimately it will be develop their knowledge and understanding and down to your professional knowledge of your pupils sense of place in relation to the city. It is intended and your particular context as to how you develop as an introduction to looking at a distant locality the ideas and how pupils respond—verbally, and that throughout pupils should explore drawings, maps, etc. A useful strategy with this age similarities and differences between Beijing and the of pupils is to make the topic real by introducing a SPORTS GEOGRAPHY locality where they live. While geography is at the character who is visiting the distant place. Jing Jing core of the learning outcomes, links with other the panda is one of the Olympic mascots and the curriculum areas give children a more rounded teacher could develop the activities through the view of a place. The unit also provides the potential eyes of Jing Jing who is visiting the city from rural to link with other areas of the curriculum, such as China. If children have their own toy panda’s they art and design, music, ICT and literacy. A number could bring them in for the journey! Use the of weblinks are provided on page 7 which enable weblinks provided at the end of the unit to access a 1 teachers to place the city within a broader wealth of visual material to make this topic come THE BEIJING GAMES geographical and cultural context. alive for the pupils. On a practical note, it is recommended that for durability maps and Rationale photographs are laminated. The Beijing Summer Olympics provide an excellent opportunity for developing pupil learning in a Getting started range of areas. This unit is specifically designed to A useful tool to begin any unit with is a KWL address geographical learning outcomes but the exercise (see Activity Resource Sheet A1). This is a opportunities for cross-curricular learning are formative assessment tool that allows the teacher to vast—a wealth of ideas are indicated by the sources find out what pupils know—or think they know!— provided at the end of the unit. The unit is about a topic or place. At this point pupils should designed to support: • the geographical enquiry process through the use of secondary sources • development of geographical vocabulary and skills • pupils’ exploration of geographical questions such as ‘Where is Beijing?’, ‘What would it be like to be in Beijing?’ and ‘How is Beijing changing?’ • pupils’ developing ability to describe what places are like, where they are and make comparisons between places • pupils’ developing understanding of human and physical geography • pupils’ developing understanding of environmental change and improvement.
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complete the K (What I know) and the W (What I 2. Using the maps/globes trace a route to China would like to find out) columns. The K allows the and locate Beijing. Have pre-prepared cards teacher to make an assessment of prior learning with the names of countries, seas/oceans, etc. and will also allow possible misconceptions or that you would cross en-route. Ask individual stereotypes to emerge. The teacher can then plan children to come out to the front of the class to to engage with these through the unit. The W is hold the cards up to indicate route. Use important in scaffolding pupils asking geographical geographical vocabulary such as the points of questions. It is possible that, for younger pupils in the compass (north/south/east/west) to particular, the teacher can provide a number of describe the route. questions which they can select from but they 3. Can pupils use the scale on the map to work out should always be provided with the opportunity to approximately how far it would be from where come up with their own. At the end of the unit the they live to Beijing? How big is China compared L column (What I learned) should be completed— to the country where they live (it is nearly 40 this allows the teacher to assess what has been times larger than the United Kingdom— learned and celebration of learning with pupils. Appendix 11 provides a visual approximation)?
Activity 1: Where in the world is Beijing? Pupil led (Where is Jing Jing visiting?) 1. Using an outline map of China (see Activity Resource Sheet A2) and bordering countries Resources required pupils to add location of: • Activity Resource Sheet A2: Outline map of China • Beijing with bordering countries • Russia, India, Mongolia, Nepal and Vietnam 2 • Activity Resource Sheet A3: China facts •Yangtse River, the Yellow River and the Pearl • globes River •atlases • Pacific Ocean and South China Sea • world maps • Mount Everest. • place name cards. 2. Pupils interrogate atlases to find out whether given facts about China (see Activity Resource Sheet
SPORTS GEOGRAPHYSPORTS THE BEIJING GAMES These activities provide pupils with a locational A3) are true or false. framework in relation to Beijing and China, e.g. Note: it is intended that some of these will not City of Beijing, within China which is part of Asia. be in the atlases—this is to stimulate further They also help pupils to develop understanding of discussion/enquiry. the distance from where they live. Extension Teacher led The previous ten Summer Olympics have been 1. Using a world map and or globe teacher to ask held in Tokyo, Mexico, Munich, Montreal, Moscow, children to locate (or show them) where they Los Angeles, Seoul, Barcelona, Atlanta, Sydney, live. Then help them to find China and Beijing Athens. Using their atlases can pupils discover within China. If you have access to Google Earth which countries these cities are in? it can vividly make this come alive. Discuss whether they think that China/Beijing is near to Activity 2: How could I get to Beijing? where they live or far away. (How could we travel to meet Jing Jing?)
Resources • travel brochures with Beijing as a destination • globes • atlases • world maps.
These activities provide pupils with opportunities to develop understanding of how they could travel to Beijing, the distances involved and time taken.
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Teacher led Teacher led 1. Discuss the different ways (modes of transport) 1. Discuss Activity Resource Sheet A4 with pupils— that pupils use to travel—walking, cycle, car, bus, explain that they are going to do some research ferry, aeroplane, etc. Compare forms of to find out about how they are linked to China. transport used on a day-to-day basis and those Go through examples and explain where used to travel to holiday destinations. Create a necessary. Pupils may focus on things that have table comparing day-to-day and holiday travel. been made in China at home but encourage 2. Using the maps and/or globes trace a route to them to try and find out about as many of the China and locate Beijing (recap from last aspects as possible. Encourage them to bring in activity). Ask pupils what is the main form of examples of things where appropriate. transport they think they would need to use to 2. Create a display which highlights the travel to China and why. connections elicited by this activity—this could 3. Discuss what types of transport they would have take the form of a map of China linked to a map to use to travel to Beijing, e.g. get bus to train of the pupils’ home nation with the examples station, train to airport, fly to Beijing. Each pupil placed along the links.
to imagine their journey. 3. Collate the data which pupils discover and SPORTS GEOGRAPHY create a tally of links e.g. Family links 6, Food Pupil led links 8, Things we buy 38 etc. Using the travel brochures can pupils discover: • What forms of transport could they use to travel Pupil led to Beijing? 1. Pupils to draw a picture with themselves at the • Where is the nearest airport to where they live centre. Around the outside they draw the that they could use to fly to Beijing? different things that link them to China or 3 • How long would the flight take and which Beijing. If you have some children who have no THE BEIJING GAMES airline could they use? links it may be useful to get them to do this task • How much would it cost? Would this be the with pupils who have—this then makes them same all year round? one link removed. • What are the brochures suggesting that they 2. Pupils create a graph or pictogram for the should see when they are in Beijing? different categories of links and describe what it • What would they like to see if they went to depicts, e.g. which link was most common, Beijing? which aspect was least common, and so on.
Note: travel brochures are intended for an adult audience and can prove complex to younger children. Teachers may wish to highlight particular pages relevant to the task or remove pages relevant to task to create mini brochures.
Extension Using the information from the travel brochures pupils to create a poster to advertise Beijing as a holiday destination.
Activity 3: How is Beijing/China connected to where I live? (How am I connected to where Jing Jing lives?)
Resources • Activity Resource Sheet A4: Looking for connections Note: it would be beneficial if this was completed as a homework exercise before these activities
These activities provide pupils with opportunities to develop understanding of the interdependence of their locality with Beijing.
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Extension Note: Beijing has a distinct climate and weather pattern; Pupils to use maps at a range of scales/atlases to try China has climate zones that range from desert to tropical to work out routes that goods would take to reach and subarctic. their homes. Teacher led Activity 4: What might it be like to be in Beijing? 1. Using the pictures in Activity Resource Sheet A5 (What might Jing Jing see/do?) look at the clothing people are wearing in each image. This can be done either by using an Resources interactive whiteboard or printing off the • Activity Resource Sheet A5: Weather in Beijing pictures and laminating them for pupils to • Activity Resource Sheet A6: Transport in Beijing examine. Pupils to suggest what the temperature • Activity Resource Sheet A7: Some things to see is like in each of the pictures and how they know. • maps of Beijing 2. The summer games will take place in August … • photographs of Beijing What will temperature and rainfall be? How does • see in particular
These activities provide pupils with opportunities to Pupil led develop their understanding of the human and Pupils to pack an imaginary suitcase for a holiday in physical features of Beijing. There is a wealth of Beijing either in August or January and provide an possible activities that could be carried out in this explanation for their choices. area—below are a few suggestions. It is 4 recommended that maps and photographs are used Extension to develop pupil knowledge and understanding. Give pupils weather figures for August and January. There is a wealth of digital images available online Can they describe the differences in weather that can be used to support teaching and learning between those two months? Which of the pictures in this area. See for example
SPORTS GEOGRAPHYSPORTS THE BEIJING GAMES
Average weather conditions for Beijing, China
Month Jan Feb March April May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec
Average high oC1411212731313026209 3
Average low oC -10 -8 -1 7 13 18 21 20 14 6 -2 -8
Precipitation mm 4 5 8 17 37 78 243 141 58 16 11 3
Relative humidity % 50 50 48 46 49 56 72 74 67 59 56 51
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Encourage careful observation and draw out Extension similarities and differences with transport locally. Using Activity Resource Sheet A9 pupils to match photographs of tourist sights to locations on the Pupil led map. Which place would they most like to visit? Using photographs provided, pupils to create an information book of forms of transport they could Activity 5: What are the main similarities and use to travel around Beijing. Use the title: Transport differences between Beijing and where I live? in Beijing. (How are Jing Jings’ place and where I live alike/ different?) Extension Pupils to conduct a survey on which forms of Resources transport would be most popular in the class. • Activity Resource Sheet A10: Comparing primary school life 3. Settlement • photographs of Beijing—see weblinks on page 7 Teacher led • photographs of school locality.
Teacher to provide a range of photographs showing SPORTS GEOGRAPHY the different types of housing and land use in These activities provide pupils with opportunities Beijing. See for example
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3. Pupils to complete Activity Resource Sheet A10 media will cover the event and consider similarities and differences in • there will be two million spectators. school life between the two localities. The games will have an impact on the Extension environment (urban and natural), the economy Pupils to write about how their school day is and people’s everyday lives. Can pupils suggest similar to that of a child in Beijing. ways in which all these visitors will impact on peoples’ lives in Beijing? Ask them what would Activity 6: How have the Olympics changed Beijing? happen if all these people came to their area. (Jing Jing looks at changes in Beijing) Share their ideas and get them to say whether their suggestions will be good or bad things. Resources required • Activity Resource Sheet A11: Are the Olympics good Note: the Games are not limited to sixteen days of the for Beijing? events—there is a prior impact and a legacy, a point • pictures of new stadia/facilities. which the 2012 hosts are keen to stress.
The aim of these activities is to develop pupils’ Pupil led understanding that the Beijing games will have 1. Pupils to be given copies of Activity Resource (and have had) an impact on environment Sheet A11. These are statements by people on (nature), as well as human (everyday life) and what they think about the games (They cover economic (jobs) consequences—and that these environmental, social and economic issues in a may be positive or negative. form this age of pupil can relate to). They need 6 to discuss each in small groups and decide Teacher led whether each statement highlights a good 1. Show pupils pictures of the stadia, the Olympic (positive) or bad (negative) point about the village and other facilities available at
SPORTS GEOGRAPHYSPORTS THE BEIJING GAMES look nice, would they like to go there, etc. both. This allows them to see the complexity of 2. Share these figures with pupils: the situation and how also the notions of • 10,500 athletes will take part in the Beijing good/bad may depend on viewpoint. Olympics 3. For each of the things which pupils feel is a bad • they will travel from 205 countries around the point can they come up with possible world suggestions as to what actions could be taken to • 20,000 people who work in television and the try and reduce its impact?
Extension Pupils to create a poster depicting how the games have had a positive impact as well as a negative one.
Conclusion Return to the KWL framework (Activity Resource Sheet A1), which was introduced at the start of the unit. Pupils to complete the L column (What I learned). As noted previously this allows the teacher to assess what has been learned and celebration of learning with pupils.
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Supplementary resources and weblinks Useful websites for teachers to access information in relation to Beijing include:
Background information on China is available at
Activities for pupils on China can be found at
Online interactive tour of Beijing and games venues
Beijing and the Olympics
A range of geographical and cross-curricular teaching ideas is available at
Photos of Beijing National Geographic
Maps of China and Beijing
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What I LEARNED ...
8
SPORTS GEOGRAPHYSPORTS THE BEIJING GAMES
What I WOULD like to find out
What I KNOW
Activity Resource Sheet A1: KWL Sheet
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Activity Resource Sheet A2: China outline map and bordering countries
SPORTS GEOGRAPHY
9
THE BEIJING GAMES
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Activity Resource Sheet A3: China facts—true or false
True or False? China is the largest country entirely in Asia
A famous landmark in China is the Grand Canyon
China is the fourth largest country in the world
China has the largest population of any country in the world 10 China is part of Europe
Beijing is the capital of China
SPORTS GEOGRAPHYSPORTS THE BEIJING GAMES
The highest mountain range in the world, the Himalayas, forms part of China’s border
China’s flag is red with five golden-yellow stars
Beijing is in the west of China
The highest point in China is Mount Everest in the Himalayas
The 2008 Olympic games will be held in Beijing
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Activity Resource Sheet A4: Looking for connections
Connection Example/s
Family and friends
Transport
SPORTS GEOGRAPHY
What we buy 11
THE BEIJING GAMES What we eat
Television
Special events
Travel
Sport/leisure
A special connection
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Activity Resource Sheet A5: Weather in Beijing
Picture 1 Picture 2
People’s clothes in summer
What is this child wearing? What time of year might this be? Does this make Beijing a warm or a cold city? What might it be like in summer?
Use Google to search the internet for pictures of people in 12 Beijing in winter and in summer for the other two boxes on this page. Try typing in ‘Beijing in summer’ and ‘Beijing in winter’ ...
SPORTS GEOGRAPHYSPORTS THE BEIJING GAMES Picture 3
People’s clothes in winter
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es of the other ways of
SPORTS GEOGRAPHY
olley buses and trams in Beijing
Buses in Beijing
Tr
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e’s a picture of just one of the bicycles. But can you find pictur e’s
A train on the new Beijing metro
Pedestrian/walking in Beijing
Cars and traffic in Beijing Some of the 9 million bicycles in Beijing!
Activity Resource Sheet A6: Transport in Beijing Activity Resource Sheet A6: Transport Ever heard of the song by Katie Melua ‘Nine million bicycles in Beijing’? Her travelling in Beijing? Use Google to find some pictures to put into these boxes.
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Activity Resource Sheet A7: Some things to see in Beijing
Park
the Sun
emple of
Zhaoyang
T
Ditan Park
Ritan Park/
The Forbidden City
Imperial Palace Museum/
Park
Zhaoyang
Beijing
Station
Railway
Maquan
Airport
Bus Station
To
Dongzhimen Bus Station
Stadium
Bird’s Nest Bird’s
Beijing
Station
Railway
Park
Ditan
Ritan Park
Park
iantan
T
Square
Green
Bei Lake
Beijing
ian’anmen
Olympic 14 T
Stadium
Imperial
Birdís Nest Birdís
Grand
Theatre
National
Beijing
Palace Museum
Olympic Green
iantan Park/
T
Bei Lake
emple of Heaven
Beihai Park
T
Beijing North Railway Station
SPORTS GEOGRAPHYSPORTS THE BEIJING GAMES
Zoo
Beijing
Beijing West
Beijing
Railway Station
University
Park
Park
Square
ian’anmen
T
uanmingyuan
uanmingyuan
Y
Y
Kunming Lake
0.5 1 km
The Golden Hill
Hill
Zoo
Beijing
National
Beijing
University
The Golden
Grand Theatre
Kunming Lake/
0
The Summer Palace
N
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Activity Resource Sheet A7: Some things to see in Beijing
The Golden Hill Beijing Zoo
Kunming Lake/The Summer Palace Beijing University
Yuanmingyuan Park Beijing Olympic Green SPORTS GEOGRAPHY
Bird’s Nest Stadium Ditan Park 15
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The Forbidden City/Imperial Palace Museum Zhaoyang Park
Ritan Park/Temple of the Sun Beijing Central Railway Station
Tiantan Park/The Temple of Heaven Tian’anmen Square
National Grand Theatre Beih Lake/Beihai Park/The White Pagoda
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Buildings
Safe
ehicles
V
Noisy
y.
ferent 16
ees
ovide their own vocabular
Tr
SPORTS GEOGRAPHYSPORTS THE BEIJING GAMES
Countryside
Man made
supports observation and aids description. Dif
y,
Quiet
ferent vocabulary provided. More able pupils may be able to pr
Dangerous
People
Natural
Interesting Flat
This strategy aids development of geographical vocabular photographs can be used with dif
Activity Resource Sheet A8: What is Beijing like?
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Activity Resource Sheet A9: Landmarks and tourist sites in Beijing
Station
Railway
Xinghuo
Sihui
Airport
To Airport Road Airport
Beijing East
Dajie
Railway Station
Dawangqlao
District
Chaoyang
Gongren Tiyuchang
Agricultural Exhibition Hall
Jinsong
Shuangjing
Jintaixizhao
Hujialou
Guomao
Sanyuanqiao
uanjiheu
angjingxi
T
W
ongíanli
aiyanggong
Maquan
Y
T
District
Bus Station
Chongwen
SPORTS GEOGRAPHY
Dongzhimen Bus Station
Shaoyaoju
Jianguomen Dajie
Chaoyangmen
Dongsishitiao
Dongzhimen
Park
Liufang
Longtan
Jianguomen
on
Guangximen
Beijing Railway Station
iantandongmen
Puhuangyu
T
Huixinxijie Beikou
Datunlu E
Dengshikou
Huixinxijie Nankou
Zhangzi- zhongiu
Dongsi
Dongdan onghegong Dajie Y Dongsi Bei
Ciqikou
ang-
fujing
W
Park
iantan
Beixinqiao
T
District
Hepingxiqiao
Chongwenmen
Hepinglibeijie
Dongchen 17
East
ongdingmen Bus Stati
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Y
Andingmen
ian’anmen
Anzhenmen
T
Green
Beijing
Olympic
City
Olympic Sport Centre
Square
Qianmen
ian’anmen
T
Forbidden
est
W
Beitucheng
Di’anmen Dajie
Guluodajie 2nd Ring Road Ring 2nd
Hepingmen
ian’anmen
T
Forest Park
Beijiao 3rd Ring Road Ring 3rd
Bus Station
Olympic Green
Xidan Bei Dajie Xidan
Beijing South
Xuanwumen
Railway Station
Jishuitan
Jiandemen 4th Ring Road Ring 4th
District
Xuanwu
Xitucheng
Fuxingmen
Fuchengmen
Xizhimen
Chegongzhuang
Changchunjie
Station
Railway
District
Xicheng
Nanlisilu
Dazhongsi
Zhichunlu
Station
Railway
Beijing North
Qinghuayuan
Wudaokou
Railway Station
Guangíanmen
Muxidi
Zhichunli
wuguan
Junshibo-
Station
Railway
Beijing West
Chegongzhuang Dajie
Gongzhufen
anshoulu
N
0.5 1 km
W
Beijing Subway Line 1 Line 2 (Loop) Line 5 Olympic Spur Line 10 Airport Line
Beijing LRT Line 8T (Batong Line Line 13 (City Rail)
China Railways
Beijing Metro
Wukesong
0
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Activity Resource Sheet A10: Comparing primary school life
Beijing Where I live ... Children attend pre school from age three-and-a-half
Children start primary school at age six-and-a-half
Go to school five-and-a-half days per week
18 Summer holiday: July and August
Winter holiday: January and February
SPORTS GEOGRAPHYSPORTS THE BEIJING GAMES Most lessons last forty five minutes
Chinese, Maths, PE, music, drawing, nature, history and geography are taught
English is taught as a foreign language in some schools
Most time is spent on Chinese and Maths
Note: There is a great variety in schools in China, notably between urban and rural areas and different provinces. This comparison is not meant to be definitive.
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Activity Resource Sheet A10: Comparing primary school life
What would you like to find out about school life in Beijing?
SPORTS GEOGRAPHY
19
THE BEIJING GAMES What would you tell a child in Beijing about your school?
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Activity Resource Sheet A11: Are the Olympics good for Beijing?
I don’t have to drive to There will be work because of the new more jobs for underground line — people to do — Mum Nan
We had to move More people means so they could more cars, means build a stadium more polution — — Auntie Grandad 20 They have built We had an Olympic art competition at schjool more recycling
SPORTS GEOGRAPHYSPORTS THE BEIJING GAMES and I won a prize — centres — Dad Jing Jing
All those people Lots of trees have been will leave a lot planted near the of litter — Nan stadium — Uncle
My teacher says our The park I played in as a girl is now a school can use the cark park — Mum pool after the games — Jing Jing
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Activity Resource Sheet A12: Comparing China, the United Kingdom and Australia
SPORTS GEOGRAPHY
21
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Activity Resource Sheet A13: China political map
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SPORTS GEOGRAPHYSPORTS THE BEIJING GAMES
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