DOCSLIB.ORG

Introduction to British History I

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Introduction to British History I HIST 2403 Introduction to British History I: POLITICAL, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL HISTORY OF BRITAIN AND IRELAND, FROM THE NORMAN CONQUEST (1066) TO THE RESTORATION (1660) Fall 2009, Room 2082,Tuesday & Thursday, 4:00--5:40 p.m. Instructor: Prof. Ian Gentles Office: Room 1111 Phone: 416-226-6620 ext. 6718 E-mail: [email protected] Office Hours: Tues. 2:30-3:45, Thurs. 2:30- 3:45, OR by appointment Commuter Hotline: 416-226-6620 ext. 2187 Class cancellations due to inclement weather or illness will be announced/posted on the commuter hotline. Mailboxes: Every student is responsible for information communicated through the student mailboxes. A mailbox directory is posted beside the mailboxes. I. COURSE DESCRIPTION An outline of British history from the Norman conquest to the mid-seventeenth century revolution, this course pays particular attention to the history of monarchy, parliament and the church. Specific topics include the conflict between crown and aristocracy, the rise of parliament, the Reformation and the factors that led to the turbulence of the seventeenth century. II. REQUIRED TEXTS 1. Lehmberg, Stanford E. and Samantha Meigs. The Peoples of the British Isles from Prehistoric Times to 1688 . Chicago: Lyceum, 2009 2. Course Pack: Documents, readings and maps for use in tutorial discussion. (available in the bookstore) III. COURSE EVALUATION Examination : Test - Thursday, 22nd October (in class) 10% Essay - 2,000-2500 words, Thursday, 26 November 30% Examination (during December exam period) 40% Class participation 20% (total) 100% Term work : a. You are expected to attend the tutorials, preparing for them through the lectures and through assigned reading. The 20% assigned for participation can make a big difference to your final mark. b. The mid-term test will last 50 minutes and will be based on the readings covered up to Tuesday 20 th Oct. No reference to notes or books will be allowed during the actual writing. c. Your essay should be typed, double-spaced, with 1-1/2" (4cm) margins. If you handwrite it, make sure it is legible! Due date for the essay : The essay will be due on Thursday November 26th . There will be a penalty of 5% for essays up to two days late and 10% for essays over two days late. Essays will not be accepted after the last day of term. Your essay topic will be selected from a list distributed at the beginning of term. Essay style : Your essay is an exercise in effective written communication. The choice of words, the structure of sentences and paragraphs, and the coherence of organization are all essential components in evaluating your essay. Writing style, grammar and word usage will also be taken into account in awarding the mark. Topics are assigned in the form of questions or specific assignments so that you will write, not simply a narrative or descriptive account, but an interpretation that demonstrates your ability to assess the significance of what you have read. Since the essay is historical, you must learn how to document your sources according to CMS/Turabian guidelines—footnotes or endnotes, with a bibliography. Please do not use references embedded in the text of your essay. Final examination : This will be a two-hour examination covering the whole term’s work . The format of the examination will be announced well before lectures end. The final exam will be held during the exam period, December 11–21 (including Sat.), as scheduled by the Registrar. IV. COURSE OUTLINE (Fall Term 2009 HIST 2403) Week one Introduction Week two Anglo-Saxon and Norman Rule Stanford E. Lehmberg, The Peoples of the British Isles from Prehistoric Times to 1688 , pp. 21-57 Documents and Readings, nos. 1,2,3,4; maps & figures nos. 1, 4 Week three Henry II and Thomas Becket Lehmberg, The Peoples of the British Isles, pp. 57-74 Documents, nos. 5-7 Week four Baronial Grievances Against the Crown Lehmberg, The Peoples of the British Isles , ch. 4 Documents, no. 8 Week five The Later Middle Ages: Hundred Years’ War, Black Death and Peasants' Revolt Lehmberg, The Peoples of the British Isles , ch, 5, 6 Documents nos. 9-11; maps & figures 5, 6 Week six Mid-term Test (A 50-minute test on the first five weeks’ lectures and readings) The Reformation and Henry VIII Lehmberg, The Peoples of the British Isles, ch. 7 Documents, nos. 12-14; map 7 Week seven Impact of the Reformation Lehmberg, The Peoples of the British Isles, pp. 177-88 Documents, nos. 15-17 Week eight Land and Society, c. 1500-1640 Lehmberg, The Peoples of the British Isles, pp. 261-73 Documents, nos. 18-21 Week nine Parliament, Mary Stuart, the Armada and English Society, c. 1500-1640 Lehmberg, The Peoples of the British Isles , pp. 188-94 Documents, nos. 22-25; maps 10, 11 Week ten Ireland, Scotland and Wales in the 16 th Century Lehmberg, The Peoples of the British Isles , ch. 9 Week eleven Early Stuart England, 1603-40 Lehmberg, The Peoples of the British Isles , pp. 209-25 Documents, no. 26 *************FALL TERM ESSAYS DUE THURSDAY 26th NOVEMBER *************** Week twelve The English Revolution 1640-1660 Lehmberg, The Peoples of the British Isles , pp. 225-45 Documents, nos. 27-29; map 12 Week thirteen Review FINAL EXAMINATION: will be two hours in length, and will cover all the material from the lectures and the assigned readings. (Dec. 11-21) V. BIBLIOGRAPHY An Introduction to British History from the Norman Conquest (1066) and the Restoration (1660) General works Cannon, John, Oxford Companion to British History (1997) Coward, Barry, The Stuart Age 1603-1714 (2 nd edn) Davies, Norman, The Isles: a History (1999) Elton, G., The English Freeman, Grenville, G.S.P. Atlas of British History Haigh, Chris, ed., Cambridge Historical Encyclopedia of Great Britain and Ireland (1985) Heyck, T. W., Peoples of the British Isles from 1688 to 1870 --------------------, Peoples of the British Isles from 1870 to the Present History Today Companion to British History, eds. Juliet Gardiner & Neil Wenborn (1995) James, Lawrence, Rise and Fall of the British Empire (1996) Johnson, Paul, History of the English People Kearney, Hugh F. The British Isles: A History of Four Nations Lynch, Michael (ed.), Oxford Companion to Scottish History (2001) Marwick, Arthur, Illustrated Dictionary of British History Mitchison, Rosalind, A History of Scotland (1982) Moody, T.W. & others, New History of Ireland (several volumes) Morgan, Kenneth O. The Oxford Illustrated History of Britain Oxford Companion to Irish History, ed. S.J. Connolly (1998 Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (60 vols online, 2004) Oxford History of the British Empire (5 vols, various editors) Robbins, Keith, Nineteenth Century Britain Roberts, Clayton & David, A History of England, (2 vols.) Saul, Nigel, Batsford Companion to Medieval England Smith, David L., History of the Modern British Isles 1603-1707 (1998) Tucker, A.V., A History of English Civilization Various Authors, The Oxford History of England ---------------, The Penguin History of England Welsh, Frank, The Four Nations: A History of the United Kingdom (2003) Bibliographies Altholz, J., Victorian England, 1837-1901 Altschul, M., Anglo-Norman England 1066-1154 Christie, Ian, British History Since 1760 Grose, C., A Select Bibliography of British History, 1660-1760 Keeler, M., Bibliography of British History, 1603-1714 Levine, Mortimer, Tudor England, 1485-1603 Miller, Helen and Newman, Aubrey, British History 1485-1760 Mowat, Charles, Great Britain Since 1914 Pargellis, S., and Medley, D.J. Bibliography of British History: The 18th Century 1714-1789 From the Norman Conquest to the end of the Middle Ages (1066-1500) Allmand, Christopher Hundred Years War (c.1300-1450) Bagley, J.J. and Rowley, P.B., Documentary History of England, vol. I. Barlow, F., The Feudal Kingdom of England, 1042-1216 ---------- , Thomas Becket Barrow, G.W.S., Feudal Britain, 1066-1314 Binski, Paul, Becket’s Crown: Art and Imagination in Gothic England, 1170-1300 (2005) Bolton, Brenda, Medieval Reformation Brooke, C.N., The Saxon and Norman Kings Brown, R.A., The Normans and the Norman Conquest -----------, Origins of English Feudalism Cantor, Norman, In the Wake of the Plague: The Black Death and the World It Made (2001) Chibnall, M., Anglo-Norman England, 1066-1166 Chrimes, S.B., Lancastrians, Yorkists and Henry VII Clanchy, M.T., England and its Rulers, 1066-1272 -------------, From Memory to Written Record, England 1066-1307 Corfe, T., Archbishop Thomas and King Henry II Crouch, David, The Reign of King Stephen (2000) Davies, R. R., First English Empire 1093-1343 (2002) Davis, R.H.C., King Stephen -------------, William the Conqueror -------------, The Norman Achievement, 1050-1100 -------------, The Norman Fate, 1100-1154 Douglas, D.C., English Historical Documents DuBoulay,F.R.H., Age of Ambition (Late Middle Ages) Duby, G., Rural Economy and Country Life in the Medieval West --------, The Early Growth of the European Economy Duffy, Eamon, The Stripping of the Altars: Traditional Religion in England 1400-c.1580 Dyer, Christopher, Making a Living in the Middle Ages (2002) Edwards, David, Christian England (2 vols.) Fowler, K., ed., The Hundred Years War Frame, R., Political Development of the British Isles, 1100-1400 Fraser, Antonia, The Gunpowder Plot (1996) Freeman, E.A., William the Conqueror Fryde, E.B. and Miller, E., Historical Studies of English Parliament Fryde, N., The Tyranny and Fall of Edward II, 1321-1326 Furneaux, R., Invasion 1066 Galbraith, V.H., Domesday Book Gies, Frances & Joseph, Cathedral, Forge and Waterwheel: Technology and Invention in the Middle
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Politics of Liberty in England and Revolutionary America
    P1: IwX/KaD 0521827450agg.xml CY395B/Ward 0 521 82745 0 May 7, 2004 7:37 The Politics of Liberty in England and Revolutionary America LEE WARD Campion College University of Regina iii P1: IwX/KaD 0521827450agg.xml CY395B/Ward 0 521 82745 0 May 7, 2004 7:37 published by the press syndicate of the university of cambridge The Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom cambridge university press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge cb2 2ru, uk 40 West 20th Street, New York, ny 10011-4211, usa 477 Williamstown Road, Port Melbourne, vic 3207, Australia Ruiz de Alarcon´ 13, 28014 Madrid, Spain Dock House, The Waterfront, Cape Town 8001, South Africa http://www.cambridge.org C Lee Ward 2004 This book is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published 2004 Printed in the United States of America Typeface Sabon 10/12 pt. System LATEX 2ε [tb] A catalog record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Ward, Lee, 1970– The politics of liberty in England and revolutionary America / Lee Ward p. cm. Includes bibliographical references (p. ) and index. isbn 0-521-82745-0 1. Political science – Great Britain – Philosophy – History – 17th century. 2. Political science – Great Britain – Philosophy – History – 18th century. 3. Political science – United States – Philosophy – History – 17th century. 4. Political science – United States – Philosophy – History – 18th century. 5. United States – History – Revolution, 1775–1783 – Causes.
    [Show full text]
  • Brycheiniog Vol 42:44036 Brycheiniog 2005 28/2/11 10:18 Page 1
    68531_Brycheiniog_Vol_42:44036_Brycheiniog_2005 28/2/11 10:18 Page 1 BRYCHEINIOG Cyfnodolyn Cymdeithas Brycheiniog The Journal of the Brecknock Society CYFROL/VOLUME XLII 2011 Golygydd/Editor BRYNACH PARRI Cyhoeddwyr/Publishers CYMDEITHAS BRYCHEINIOG A CHYFEILLION YR AMGUEDDFA THE BRECKNOCK SOCIETY AND MUSEUM FRIENDS 68531_Brycheiniog_Vol_42:44036_Brycheiniog_2005 28/2/11 10:18 Page 2 CYMDEITHAS BRYCHEINIOG a CHYFEILLION YR AMGUEDDFA THE BRECKNOCK SOCIETY and MUSEUM FRIENDS SWYDDOGION/OFFICERS Llywydd/President Mr K. Jones Cadeirydd/Chairman Mr J. Gibbs Ysgrifennydd Anrhydeddus/Honorary Secretary Miss H. Gichard Aelodaeth/Membership Mrs S. Fawcett-Gandy Trysorydd/Treasurer Mr A. J. Bell Archwilydd/Auditor Mrs W. Camp Golygydd/Editor Mr Brynach Parri Golygydd Cynorthwyol/Assistant Editor Mr P. W. Jenkins Curadur Amgueddfa Brycheiniog/Curator of the Brecknock Museum Mr N. Blackamoor Pob Gohebiaeth: All Correspondence: Cymdeithas Brycheiniog, Brecknock Society, Amgueddfa Brycheiniog, Brecknock Museum, Rhodfa’r Capten, Captain’s Walk, Aberhonddu, Brecon, Powys LD3 7DS Powys LD3 7DS Ôl-rifynnau/Back numbers Mr Peter Jenkins Erthyglau a llyfrau am olygiaeth/Articles and books for review Mr Brynach Parri © Oni nodir fel arall, Cymdeithas Brycheiniog a Chyfeillion yr Amgueddfa piau hawlfraint yr erthyglau yn y rhifyn hwn © Except where otherwise noted, copyright of material published in this issue is vested in the Brecknock Society & Museum Friends 68531_Brycheiniog_Vol_42:44036_Brycheiniog_2005 28/2/11 10:18 Page 3 CYNNWYS/CONTENTS Swyddogion/Officers
    [Show full text]
  • Empire and English Nationalismn
    Nations and Nationalism 12 (1), 2006, 1–13. r ASEN 2006 Empire and English nationalismn KRISHAN KUMAR Department of Sociology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA Empire and nation: foes or friends? It is more than pious tribute to the great scholar whom we commemorate today that makes me begin with Ernest Gellner. For Gellner’s influential thinking on nationalism, and specifically of its modernity, is central to the question I wish to consider, the relation between nation and empire, and between imperial and national identity. For Gellner, as for many other commentators, nation and empire were and are antithetical. The great empires of the past belonged to the species of the ‘agro-literate’ society, whose central fact is that ‘almost everything in it militates against the definition of political units in terms of cultural bound- aries’ (Gellner 1983: 11; see also Gellner 1998: 14–24). Power and culture go their separate ways. The political form of empire encloses a vastly differ- entiated and internally hierarchical society in which the cosmopolitan culture of the rulers differs sharply from the myriad local cultures of the subordinate strata. Modern empires, such as the Soviet empire, continue this pattern of disjuncture between the dominant culture of the elites and the national or ethnic cultures of the constituent parts. Nationalism, argues Gellner, closes the gap. It insists that the only legitimate political unit is one in which rulers and ruled share the same culture. Its ideal is one state, one culture. Or, to put it another way, its ideal is the national or the ‘nation-state’, since it conceives of the nation essentially in terms of a shared culture linking all members.
    [Show full text]
  • Why Did Britain Become a Republic? > New Government
    Civil War > Why did Britain become a republic? > New government Why did Britain become a republic? Case study 2: New government Even today many people are not aware that Britain was ever a republic. After Charles I was put to death in 1649, a monarch no longer led the country. Instead people dreamed up ideas and made plans for a different form of government. Find out more from these documents about what happened next. Report on the An account of the Poem on the arrest of setting up of the new situation in Levellers, 1649 Commonwealth England, 1649 Portrait & symbols of Cromwell at the The setting up of Cromwell & the Battle of the Instrument Commonwealth Worcester, 1651 of Government http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/education/ Page 1 Civil War > Why did Britain become a republic? > New government Case study 2: New government - Source 1 A report on the arrest of some Levellers, 29 March 1649 (Catalogue ref: SP 25/62, pp.134-5) What is this source? This is a report from a committee of MPs to Parliament. It explains their actions against the leaders of the Levellers. One of the men they arrested was John Lilburne, a key figure in the Leveller movement. What’s the background to this source? Before the war of the 1640s it was difficult and dangerous to come up with new ideas and try to publish them. However, during the Civil War censorship was not strongly enforced. Many political groups emerged with new ideas at this time. One of the most radical (extreme) groups was the Levellers.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction Michael Hattaway
    1 Introduction Michael Hattaway What does it mean to speak of ‘the English Renaissance’? Within the parts of this volume, defining historical contexts and perspectives, the next offering readings of particular texts along with accounts of genres and modes, and the last presenting engagements with a number of critical issues and debates, we approach the question in a variety of ways. The word ‘Renaissance’ designates ‘rebirth’, a metaphor applied, from its begin- nings, to a cultural vision that originated in Italy. For the nineteenth and twentieth centuries this was projected in a magnificent synthesis by Jacob Burckhardt, The Civ- ilization of the Renaissance in Italy (1860). Burckhardt retrospectively laid out a master proposal to revive the art and learning of the classical world, to emulate the grandeur of ancient cities, to stimulate science and geographical discovery, and to produce art and literature that imitated antique models, an undertaking which was dedicated as much to the profane as to the spiritual. Rival city states of Italy required monuments to enhance their fame, and thus ensured patronage for the writers and artists who duly bequeathed to posterity the texts and great architectural and visual exemplars with which we are all familiar. Burckhardt’s categories, which rest upon notions of ‘genius’, ‘individuality’ and secularization, have percolated into all too many derivative hand- books for the period: they may not, however, fit the English experience. England did enjoy a phenomenal energizing of literature: this is an age that, tra- ditionally, has at its centre, Spenser and Sidney, Marlowe and Nashe, Shakespeare, and Jonson. Ben Jonson, exceptionally, did publish his ‘works’ in a manner befitting an author of the Renaissance, although some of the dramatic genres he used have medieval origins.
    [Show full text]
  • Part I Background and Summary
    PART I BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY Chapter 1 BRITISH STATUTES IN IDSTORICAL PERSPECTIVE The North American plantations were not the earliest over­ seas possessions of the English Crown; neither were they the first to be treated as separate political entities, distinct from the realm of England. From the time of the Conquest onward, the King of England held -- though not necessarily simultaneously or continuously - a variety of non-English possessions includ­ ing Normandy, Anjou, the Channel Islands, Wales, Jamaica, Scotland, the Carolinas, New-York, the Barbadoes. These hold­ ings were not a part of the Kingdom of England but were govern­ ed by the King of England. During the early medieval period the King would issue such orders for each part of his realm as he saw fit. Even as he tended to confer more and more with the officers of the royal household and with the great lords of England - the group which eventually evolved into the Council out of which came Parliament - with reference to matters re­ lating to England, he did likewise with matters relating to his non-English possessions.1 Each part of the King's realm had its own peculiar laws and customs, as did the several counties of England. The middle ages thrived on diversity and while the King's writ was acknowledged eventually to run throughout England, there was little effort to eliminate such local practices as did not impinge upon the power of the Crown. The same was true for the non-Eng­ lish lands. An order for one jurisdictional entity typically was limited to that entity alone; uniformity among the several parts of the King's realm was not considered sufficiently important to overturn existing laws and customs.
    [Show full text]
  • \~~A L BEC~US Tes OUR LAND
    Palestinian struggle: the real facts -see story page 6- • The following letter of protest was sent to President Nixon have been ordered to the coast of Lebanon, and that you on behalf of the 75 Socialist \Vorkers Party candidates for have placed on alert troops from the Eighth Infantry Division public office in 15 states. It was written by Paul Boutelle, in West Germany and the 82nd Airborne Division at Fort SWP vice-presidential candidate in 1968 and currently the Bragg, N. C. I remember the 82nd Airborne as the same SWP candidate for Congress from Harlem. Paul Boutelle division that President Johnson sent to Santo Domingo to has just returned from a fact-finding trip to the Middle East. crush the uprising there in 1965, and into Detroit in 1967 * * * to crush the revolt of the Black community. President Nixon: This is not a coincidence. The struggles of the Dominicans The Socialist Workers Party demands the immediate halt and Afro-Americans, like those of the Palestinians, are strug­ to all steps toward U.S. military intervention in the Jor­ gles of oppressed peoples to control their own affairs. danian civil war. The U.S. has no right whatsoever in The United States government's support for the reactionary, Jordan. Zionist regime in Israel and its support for King Hussein's People throughout the world are just beginning to learn slaughter of the Palestinian refugees is consistent with its the scope of the wholesale slaughter that is occurring in support to reactionary dictatorships throughout the world­ Jordan right now. We hold your administration and its from Cambodia and Vietnam to South Africa, Greece and imperialist policies responsible for the bloodbath being per­ Iran.
    [Show full text]
  • Cromwelliana 2012
    CROMWELLIANA 2012 Series III No 1 Editor: Dr Maxine Forshaw CONTENTS Editor’s Note 2 Cromwell Day 2011: Oliver Cromwell – A Scottish Perspective 3 By Dr Laura A M Stewart Farmer Oliver? The Cultivation of Cromwell’s Image During 18 the Protectorate By Dr Patrick Little Oliver Cromwell and the Underground Opposition to Bishop 32 Wren of Ely By Dr Andrew Barclay From Civilian to Soldier: Recalling Cromwell in Cambridge, 44 1642 By Dr Sue L Sadler ‘Dear Robin’: The Correspondence of Oliver Cromwell and 61 Robert Hammond By Dr Miranda Malins Mrs S C Lomas: Cromwellian Editor 79 By Dr David L Smith Cromwellian Britain XXIV : Frome, Somerset 95 By Jane A Mills Book Reviews 104 By Dr Patrick Little and Prof Ivan Roots Bibliography of Books 110 By Dr Patrick Little Bibliography of Journals 111 By Prof Peter Gaunt ISBN 0-905729-24-2 EDITOR’S NOTE 2011 was the 360th anniversary of the Battle of Worcester and was marked by Laura Stewart’s address to the Association on Cromwell Day with her paper on ‘Oliver Cromwell: a Scottish Perspective’. ‘Risen from Obscurity – Cromwell’s Early Life’ was the subject of the study day in Huntingdon in October 2011 and three papers connected with the day are included here. Reflecting this subject, the cover illustration is the picture ‘Cromwell on his Farm’ by Ford Madox Brown (1821–1893), painted in 1874, and reproduced here courtesy of National Museums Liverpool. The painting can be found in the Lady Lever Art Gallery in Port Sunlight Village, Wirral, Cheshire. In this edition of Cromwelliana, it should be noted that the bibliography of journal articles covers the period spring 2009 to spring 2012, addressing gaps in the past couple of years.
    [Show full text]
  • Emigration from Great Britain
    This PDF is a selection from an out-of-print volume from the National Bureau of Economic Research Volume Title: International Migrations, Volume II: Interpretations Volume Author/Editor: Walter F. Willcox, editor Volume Publisher: NBER Volume ISBN: 0-87014-017-5 Volume URL: http://www.nber.org/books/will31-1 Publication Date: 1931 Chapter Title: Emigration from Great Britain Chapter Author: C. E. Snow Chapter URL: http://www.nber.org/chapters/c5111 Chapter pages in book: (p. 237 - 260) PART III STUDIES OF NATIONALEMIGRATION CURRENTS CHAPTER IX EMIGRATION FROM GREAT BRITAIN.' By DR. C. E. SNOW. General Concerning emigration from Great Britain prior to 1815, only fragmentary statistics are available, for before that date no regular attempt was made to measure the outflow of population.For some years before the treaty of peace with France, under which Canada in 1763 became a colony of the United Kingdom, a certain number of emigrants from Great Britain to the British North Amer- ican colonies were reported, but no reliable figures are available. During the five years 1769—1774 there was an emigration, probably approaching 10,000 persons per annum,2 from Scotland to North America, and substantial numbers also left England for the same destination.It has been estimated by Johnson3 that during the first decade of the nineteenth century the annual emigration from the whole of the United Kingdom to the American Continent ex- ceeded 20,000 persons, the majority going from the Highlands of Scotland and from Ireland. Emigration can be considered from two distinct aspects: (a) from the point of view of the force attracting people to other countries; (b) from the point of view of the force expelling people from their own country.
    [Show full text]
  • H 955 Great Britain
    Great Britain H 955 BACKGROUND: The heading Great Britain is used in both descriptive and subject cataloging as the conventional form for the United Kingdom, which comprises England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. This instruction sheet describes the usage of Great Britain, in contrast to England, as a subject heading. It also describes the usage of Great Britain, England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales as geographic subdivisions. 1. Great Britain vs. England as a subject heading. In general assign the subject heading Great Britain, with topical and/or form subdivisions, as appropriate, to works about the United Kingdom as a whole. Assign England, with appropriate subdivision(s), to works limited to that country. Exception: Do not use the subdivisions BHistory or BPolitics and government under England. For a work on the history, politics, or government of England, assign the heading Great Britain, subdivided as required for the work. References in the subject authority file reflect this practice. Use the subdivision BForeign relations under England only in the restricted sense described in the scope note under EnglandBForeign relations in the subject authority file. 2. Geographic subdivision. a. Great Britain. Assign Great Britain directly after topics for works that discuss the topic in relation to Great Britain as a whole. Example: Title: History of the British theatre. 650 #0 $a Theater $z Great Britain $x History. b. England, Scotland, Northern Ireland, and Wales. Assign England, Scotland, Northern Ireland, or Wales directly after topics for works that limit their discussion to the topic in relation to one of the four constituent countries of Great Britain.
    [Show full text]
  • Writing Another Continent's History: the British and Pre-Colonial Africa
    eSharp Historical Perspectives Writing Another Continent’s History: The British and Pre-colonial Africa, 1880-1939 Christopher Prior (Durham University) Tales of Britons striding purposefully through the jungles and across the arid deserts of Africa captivated the metropolitan reading public throughout the nineteenth century. This interest only increased with time, and by the last quarter of the century a corpus of heroes both real and fictional, be they missionaries, explorers, traders, or early officials, was formalized (for example, see Johnson, 1982). While, for instance, the travel narratives of Burton, Speke, and other famous Victorians remained perennially popular, a greater number of works that emerged following the ‘Scramble for Africa’ began to put such endeavours into wider historical context. In contrast to the sustained attention that recent studies have paid to Victorian fiction and travel literature (for example, Brantlinger, 1988; Franey, 2003), such histories have remained relatively neglected. Therefore, this paper seeks to examine the way that British historians, writing between the Scramble and the eve of the Second World War, represented Africa. It is often asserted that the British enthused about much of Africa’s past. It is claimed that there was an admiration for a simplified, pre-modern existence, in keeping with a Rousseauean conception of the ‘noble savage.’ Some, particularly postcolonialists such as Homi Bhabha, have argued that this all added a sense of disquiet to imperialist proceedings. Bhabha claims that a colonizing power advocates a ‘colonial mimicry’, that is, it wants those it ruled over to become a ‘reformed, recognizable Other, as a subject of difference that is almost the same, but not quite’.
    [Show full text]
  • LANGUAGE VARIETY in ENGLAND 1 ♦ Language Variety in England
    LANGUAGE VARIETY IN ENGLAND 1 ♦ Language Variety in England One thing that is important to very many English people is where they are from. For many of us, whatever happens to us in later life, and however much we move house or travel, the place where we grew up and spent our childhood and adolescence retains a special significance. Of course, this is not true of all of us. More often than in previous generations, families may move around the country, and there are increasing numbers of people who have had a nomadic childhood and are not really ‘from’ anywhere. But for a majority of English people, pride and interest in the area where they grew up is still a reality. The country is full of football supporters whose main concern is for the club of their childhood, even though they may now live hundreds of miles away. Local newspapers criss-cross the country in their thousands on their way to ‘exiles’ who have left their local areas. And at Christmas time the roads and railways are full of people returning to their native heath for the holiday period. Where we are from is thus an important part of our personal identity, and for many of us an important component of this local identity is the way we speak – our accent and dialect. Nearly all of us have regional features in the way we speak English, and are happy that this should be so, although of course there are upper-class people who have regionless accents, as well as people who for some reason wish to conceal their regional origins.
    [Show full text]