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Many Slides Borrowed from Ben Zhao, Christo Wilson, & Others
12. Network Attacks Blase Ur and David Cash (many slides borrowed from Ben Zhao, Christo Wilson, & others) February 7th, 2020 CMSC 23200 / 33250 Network threat model • Network scanning • Attacks on confidentiality (e.g., eavesdropping) • Attacks on integrity (e.g., spoofing, packet injection) • Attacks on availability (e.g., denial of service (DoS)) Scanning and observing networks Network Scanning: Ping • Essential, low-level network utility • Sends a “ping” ICMP message to a host on the internet $ ping 66.66.0.255 PING 66.66.0.255 (66.66.0.255) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 66.66.0.255: icmp_seq=1 ttl=58 time=41.2 ms • Destination host is supposed to respond with a “pong” – Indicating that it can receive packets • By default, ping messages are 56 bytes long (+ some header bytes) – Maximum size 65535 bytes • What if you send a ping that is >65535 bytes long? Ping of Death • $ ping –s 65535 66.66.0.255 – Attack identified in 1997 – IPv6 version identified/fixed in 2013 Network Scanning: Traceroute • traceroute — hops between me and host – Sends repeated ICMP reqs w/ increasing TTL Port Scanning • What services are running on a server? Nmap • 5 seconds to scan a single machine!! SYN scan Only send SYN Responses: • SYN-ACK — port open • RST — port closed • Nothing — filtered (e.g., firewall) Port Scanning on Steroids • How do you speed up scans for all IPv4? – Don’t wait for responses; pipeline – Parallelize: divide & conquer IPv4 ranges – Randomize permutations w/o collisions • Result: the zmap tool – Scan all of IPv4 in 45mins (w/ GigE cxn) – IPv4 in 5 mins w/ 10GigE Eavesdropping Tools: Wireshark, tcpdump, Bro, … Steps: 1. -
Blue Coat SGOS Command Line Interface Reference, Version 4.2.3
Blue Coat® Systems ProxySG™ Command Line Interface Reference Version SGOS 4.2.3 Blue Coat ProxySG Command Line Interface Reference Contact Information Blue Coat Systems Inc. 420 North Mary Ave Sunnyvale, CA 94085-4121 http://www.bluecoat.com/support/contact.html [email protected] http://www.bluecoat.com For concerns or feedback about the documentation: [email protected] Copyright© 1999-2006 Blue Coat Systems, Inc. All rights reserved worldwide. No part of this document may be reproduced by any means nor modified, decompiled, disassembled, published or distributed, in whole or in part, or translated to any electronic medium or other means without the written consent of Blue Coat Systems, Inc. All right, title and interest in and to the Software and documentation are and shall remain the exclusive property of Blue Coat Systems, Inc. and its licensors. ProxySG™, ProxyAV™, CacheOS™, SGOS™, Spyware Interceptor™, Scope™, RA Connector™, RA Manager™, Remote Access™ are trademarks of Blue Coat Systems, Inc. and CacheFlow®, Blue Coat®, Accelerating The Internet®, WinProxy®, AccessNow®, Ositis®, Powering Internet Management®, The Ultimate Internet Sharing Solution®, Permeo®, Permeo Technologies, Inc.®, and the Permeo logo are registered trademarks of Blue Coat Systems, Inc. All other trademarks contained in this document and in the Software are the property of their respective owners. BLUE COAT SYSTEMS, INC. DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, CONDITIONS OR OTHER TERMS, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE, ON SOFTWARE AND DOCUMENTATION FURNISHED HEREUNDER INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION THE WARRANTIES OF DESIGN, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL BLUE COAT SYSTEMS, INC., ITS SUPPLIERS OR ITS LICENSORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES, WHETHER ARISING IN TORT, CONTRACT OR ANY OTHER LEGAL THEORY EVEN IF BLUE COAT SYSTEMS, INC. -
LAB MANUAL for Computer Network
LAB MANUAL for Computer Network CSE-310 F Computer Network Lab L T P - - 3 Class Work : 25 Marks Exam : 25 MARKS Total : 50 Marks This course provides students with hands on training regarding the design, troubleshooting, modeling and evaluation of computer networks. In this course, students are going to experiment in a real test-bed networking environment, and learn about network design and troubleshooting topics and tools such as: network addressing, Address Resolution Protocol (ARP), basic troubleshooting tools (e.g. ping, ICMP), IP routing (e,g, RIP), route discovery (e.g. traceroute), TCP and UDP, IP fragmentation and many others. Student will also be introduced to the network modeling and simulation, and they will have the opportunity to build some simple networking models using the tool and perform simulations that will help them evaluate their design approaches and expected network performance. S.No Experiment 1 Study of different types of Network cables and Practically implement the cross-wired cable and straight through cable using clamping tool. 2 Study of Network Devices in Detail. 3 Study of network IP. 4 Connect the computers in Local Area Network. 5 Study of basic network command and Network configuration commands. 6 Configure a Network topology using packet tracer software. 7 Configure a Network topology using packet tracer software. 8 Configure a Network using Distance Vector Routing protocol. 9 Configure Network using Link State Vector Routing protocol. Hardware and Software Requirement Hardware Requirement RJ-45 connector, Climping Tool, Twisted pair Cable Software Requirement Command Prompt And Packet Tracer. EXPERIMENT-1 Aim: Study of different types of Network cables and Practically implement the cross-wired cable and straight through cable using clamping tool. -
Command-Line IP Utilities This Document Lists Windows Command-Line Utilities That You Can Use to Obtain TCP/IP Configuration Information and Test IP Connectivity
Guide to TCP/IP: IPv6 and IPv4, 5th Edition, ISBN 978-13059-4695-8 Command-Line IP Utilities This document lists Windows command-line utilities that you can use to obtain TCP/IP configuration information and test IP connectivity. Command parameters and uses are listed for the following utilities in Tables 1 through 9: ■ Arp ■ Ipconfig ■ Netsh ■ Netstat ■ Pathping ■ Ping ■ Route ■ Tracert ARP The Arp utility reads and manipulates local ARP tables (data link address-to-IP address tables). Syntax arp -s inet_addr eth_addr [if_addr] arp -d inet_addr [if_addr] arp -a [inet_address] [-N if_addr] [-v] Table 1 ARP command parameters and uses Parameter Description -a or -g Displays current entries in the ARP cache. If inet_addr is specified, the IP and data link address of the specified computer appear. If more than one network interface uses ARP, entries for each ARP table appear. inet_addr Specifies an Internet address. -N if_addr Displays the ARP entries for the network interface specified by if_addr. -v Displays the ARP entries in verbose mode. -d Deletes the host specified by inet_addr. -s Adds the host and associates the Internet address inet_addr with the data link address eth_addr. The physical address is given as six hexadecimal bytes separated by hyphens. The entry is permanent. eth_addr Specifies physical address. if_addr If present, this specifies the Internet address of the interface whose address translation table should be modified. If not present, the first applicable interface will be used. Pyles, Carrell, and Tittel 1 Guide to TCP/IP: IPv6 and IPv4, 5th Edition, ISBN 978-13059-4695-8 IPCONFIG The Ipconfig utility displays and modifies IP address configuration information. -
Traceroute Is One of the Key Tools Used for Network Troubleshooting and Scouting
1 Introduction Traceroute is one of the key tools used for network troubleshooting and scouting. It has been available since networking's early days. Because traceroute is based on TTL header modification, it crafts its own network packets. The goal of this assignment is to re-implement a traceroute with cutting edge techniques designed to improve its scouting capabilities and bypass SPI firewalls. In this assignment you will learn about packet injection and sniffing. The assignment also teaches about more subtle topics such as network latency, packet filtering, and Q.O.S. 1.1 Instructions This project has to be completed sequentially as each part depends on the previous ones. The required coding language is C. You should consider using libnet [1] and libpcap [2], however using raw sockets is permitted as well. Note that the exercises become progressively more difficult, with Exercise 5 likely to consume the greatest amount of effort. 1.2 Submission and Grading To compile your project, the script will use the command make, executed in the project directory. Then it will launch our tests, using an executable name "traceng" you have to make sure your make file results in this executable name, in the same project directory. Make sure that the command line options and the output format are correctly implemented as they will be used by our script during the grading process. Specific examples of how we are going to test your executable are provided later in this document, for each exercise. Your project directory should also contain a file called README which is text file describing the highlights of your solution to each exercise anything special that you did, information required in the specific exercise, what is the most interesting thing you learned in the exercise, and anything else we need to take into account. -
Lesson E19 En. Internet Troubleshooting, Disturbances, Maintenance
Leonardo da Vinci Programme – Project RO/03/B/P/PP175006 LESSON E19_EN. INTERNET TROUBLESHOOTING, DISTURBANCES, MAINTENANCE. Parent Entity: IPA SA, Bucharest, Romania, 167 bis, Calea Floreasca; Fax: + 40 21 316 16 20 Authors: Gheorghe Mincu Sandulescu, University Professor Dr., IPA SA, Bucharest, Romania, 167 bis, Calea Floreasca, Mariana Bistran, Principal Researcher, IPA SA, Bucharest, Romania, 167 bis, Calea Floreasca, e-mail: [email protected]. Consultations: Every working day between 9.00 a.m. and 12.00 p.m. After studying this lesson, you will acquire the following knowledge: Understanding the troubleshooting methodology and procedures. Ethical, economic and managerial aspects of the troubleshooting activities. Essential diagnosis tools for troubleshooting and their mode of use. The control of connectivity through the use of powerful and simple to apply troubleshooting tools. The use of the Microsoft ©®WINDOWS environment for troubleshooting. The use of elements from the Unix / Linux environment for troubleshooting. CONTENT OF THE LESSON 1. TROUBLESHOOTING PROCEDURES. 2. UNIX UTILITIES AND SYSTEM FILES RELATED TO NETWORKING AND TROUBLESHOOTING. 3. DIAGNOSIS TOOLS AND UTILITIES IN MICROSOFT ®WINDOWS. 4. PATHPING MICROSOFT ®WINDOWS DIAGNOSIS TOOL FOR TROUBLESHOOTING CONNECTIVITY. 5. THE Netstat DIAGNOSIS TOOL. MICROSOFT ®WINDOWS 6. OTHER DIAGNOSIS TOOLS. MICROSOFT ®WINDOWS LEARNING OBJECTIVES: After learning this lesson you will accomplish the ability to: apply the troubleshooting methodology and procedures. respect the ethical constraints and take into consideration the economic and managerial aspects of the troubleshooting activities. accomplish the necessary information for troubleshooting actions inside your specific activities, to apply the troubleshooting tools.. The control of connectivity through the using of the powerful and simple to apply troubleshooting tools. -
Ipswitch Failover V9.5 Administrator's Guide
Administrator's Guide For Ipswitch Failover v9.5 Copyright ©1991-2016 Ipswitch, Inc. All rights reserved. This document, as well as the software described in it, is furnished under license and may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of such license. Except as permitted by such license, no part of this publication may be reproduced, photocopied, stored on a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, recording, or otherwise, without the express prior written consent of Ipswitch, Inc. The content of this document is furnished for informational use only, is subject to change without notice, and should not be construed as a commitment by Ipswitch, Inc. While every effort has been made to assure the accuracy of the information contained herein, Ipswitch, Inc. assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions. Ipswitch, Inc., also assumes no liability for damages resulting from the use of the information contained in this document. WS_FTP, the WS_FTP logos, Ipswitch, and the Ipswitch logo, MOVEit and the MOVEit logo, MessageWay and the MessageWay logo are trademarks of Ipswitch, Inc. Other products and their brands or company names, are or may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are the property of their respective companies. Contents Preface: About This Book.........................................................................vii Part I: Getting Started..................................................................................9 Chapter 1: Ipswitch Failover Concepts.................................................................................11 -
Reference Guide Vmware Vcenter Server Heartbeat 5.5 Update 1
Administrator Guide VMware vCenter Server Heartbeat 6.3 Update 1 This document supports the version of each product listed and supports all subsequent versions until the document is replaced by a new edition. To check for more recent editions of this document, see http://www.vmware.com/support/pubs. EN-000562-01 Administrator Guide You can find the most up-to-date technical documentation on the VMware Web site at: http://www.vmware.com/support/ The VMware Web site also provides the latest product updates. If you have comments about this documentation, submit your feedback to: [email protected] Copyright © 2010 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. This product is protected by U.S. and international copyright and intellectual property laws. VMware products are covered by one or more patents listed at http://www.vmware.com/go/patents. VMware is a registered trademark or trademark of VMware, Inc. in the United States and/or other jurisdictions. All other marks and names mentioned herein may be trademarks of their respective companies. VMware, Inc. 3401 Hillview Ave. Palo Alto, CA 94304 www.vmware.com 2 VMware, Inc. Contents About This Book 7 Getting Started 1 Introduction 11 Overview 11 vCenter Server Heartbeat Concepts 11 Architecture 11 Protection Levels 13 Communications 16 vCenter Server Heartbeat Switchover and Failover Processes 17 2 Configuring vCenter Server Heartbeat 21 Server Configuration Wizard 22 Configuring the Machine Identity 22 Configuring the Server Role 23 Configuring the Client Connection Port 23 Configuring Channel -
Ongoing Software Development Projects Under Linux/QNX
Ongoing Software Development Projects under Linux/QNX 1. CCD Image acquistion software under Linux i) Gtk version( 2.0 ) ii) IDL version (6.3) -V.Arumugam, A.V.Ananth 2. Software development under QNX REAL-TIME O.S. Although our efforts are for CONTROL applications specifically for HAGAR, as an initial step we have tried CCD image acquistion software development in QNX to familiarise with various features like Photon Application Builder(PhAB), Resource Manager, Process Manager etc. -V.Arumugam, A.V.Ananth 3. Distributed Telescope control system for 30” telescope at VainuBappu Observatory.The approach we have planned is similar to that of 2 Mtr. Telescope.The advantage of this is scheme is its enoromous flexibility in implementation in the sense ,that different sub-systems could be modified/implemented at different points of time without substantially modify software related to other sub-systems.Also back-ends can also communicate with the telescope and other sub-systems if required to tap information. -V.Arumugam, A.V.Ananth, KavithaPathak, Faseehana, Anbazhagan CCD Image acquisition software under Linux i) Gtk version (2.0) ii) IDL version (6.3) MODEL : It is a Client/Server Design where the Server can be local or at remote site and client accesses the server on LAN/WAN. Applicability : This software intended for 2Kx2K TEK chip and 2Kx4K Marconi chip. Can be used with a little modification for any other sensor in future if appropriate Hardware modifications are made for the existing controller. Drawbacks : As linux and gtk/genome are freely available software and are continuously being modified their version keep changing and hence maintenance of camera software is a hectic task. -
The Evolution of Gandcrab Ransomware
The Evolution of GandCrab Ransomware Tamas Boczan @tamas_boczan Sr. Threat Analyst Why? Why? Why? Business Model: RaaS Panel for Affiliates Mass Delivery Methods • Email attachments - Javascript - Doc - Encrypted doc • Drive- by download Delivery: RDP, Exploits Payload: Starting Point Data collection • System Info • External IP • AV? Payload: Starting Point Data collection Connect Home • System Info • nslookup • External IP • AV? Payload: Starting Point Data collection Connect Home Preparation • System Info • nslookup • Kill Processes • External IP • AV? Payload: Starting Point Data collection Connect Home Preparation Encryption • System Info • nslookup • Kill Processes • AES • External IP • *.GDCB • AV? Payload: Starting Point Data collection Connect Home Preparation Encryption Post-Infection • System Info • nslookup • Kill Processes • AES • Shadow Copies • External IP • *.GDCB • AV? Feb 28: Europol decryptor Data collection Connect Home Preparation Encryption Post-Infection • System Info • nslookup • Kill Processes • AES • Shadow Copies • External IP • *.GDCB • AV? 7 days later: v2 Data collection Connect Home Preparation Encryption Post-Infection • System Info • nslookup • Kill Processes • AES • Shadow Copies • External IP • *.CRAB • AV? • Kernel-AV 7 weeks later: v3 Post-Infection • Shadow Copies • Wallpaper v4 Data collection Connect Home Preparation Encryption Post-Infection • System Info • nslookup • Kill Processes • AES • Shadow Copies • External IP • Salsa • Wallpaper • AV? • *.KRAB • Self-removal • SMB shares v4.1 Data collection -
Ipv6 Cheat Sheet
Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Basics Cheat Sheet IPv6 Addresses by Jens Roesen /64 – lan segment, 18,446,744,073,709,551,616 v6 IPs IPv6 quick facts /48 – subscriber site, 65536 /64 lan segments successor of IPv4 • 128-bit long addresses • that's 296 times the IPv4 address space • that's 2128 or 3.4x1038 or over 340 /32 – minimum allocation size, 65536 /48 subscriber sites, allocated to ISPs undecillion IPs overall • customer usually gets a /64 subnet, which yields 4 billion times the Ipv4 address space • no need for network address translation (NAT) any more • no broadcasts any more • no ARP • stateless address 2001:0db8:0f61:a1ff:0000:0000:0000:0080 configuration without DHCP • improved multicast • easy IP renumbering • minimum MTU size 1280 • mobile IPv6 • global routing prefix subnet ID interface ID mandatory IPsec support • fixed IPv6 header size of 40 bytes • extension headers • jumbograms up to 4 GiB subnet prefix /64 IPv6 & ICMPv6 Headers IPv6 addresses are written in hexadecimal and divided into eight pairs of two byte blocks, each containing four hex IPv6 header digits. Addresses can be shortened by skipping leading zeros in each block. This would shorten our example address to 0 8 16 24 32 2001:db8:f61:a1ff:0:0:0:80. Additionally, once per IPv6 IP, we can replace consecutive blocks of zeros with a version traffic class flow label double colon: 2001:db8:f61:a1ff::80. The 64-bit interface ID can/should be in modified EUI-64 format. A MAC 00 03 ba 24 a9 6c payload length next header hop limit 48-bit MAC can be transformed to an 64-bit interface ID by inverting the 7th (universal) bit and inserting a ff and fe byte after rd source IPv6 address the 3 byte. -
Freebsd Command Reference
FreeBSD command reference Command structure Each line you type at the Unix shell consists of a command optionally followed by some arguments , e.g. ls -l /etc/passwd | | | cmd arg1 arg2 Almost all commands are just programs in the filesystem, e.g. "ls" is actually /bin/ls. A few are built- in to the shell. All commands and filenames are case-sensitive. Unless told otherwise, the command will run in the "foreground" - that is, you won't be returned to the shell prompt until it has finished. You can press Ctrl + C to terminate it. Colour code command [args...] Command which shows information command [args...] Command which modifies your current session or system settings, but changes will be lost when you exit your shell or reboot command [args...] Command which permanently affects the state of your system Getting out of trouble ^C (Ctrl-C) Terminate the current command ^U (Ctrl-U) Clear to start of line reset Reset terminal settings. If in xterm, try Ctrl+Middle mouse button stty sane and select "Do Full Reset" exit Exit from the shell logout ESC :q! ENTER Quit from vi without saving Finding documentation man cmd Show manual page for command "cmd". If a page with the same man 5 cmd name exists in multiple sections, you can give the section number, man -a cmd or -a to show pages from all sections. man -k str Search for string"str" in the manual index man hier Description of directory structure cd /usr/share/doc; ls Browse system documentation and examples. Note especially cd /usr/share/examples; ls /usr/share/doc/en/books/handbook/index.html cd /usr/local/share/doc; ls Browse package documentation and examples cd /usr/local/share/examples On the web: www.freebsd.org Includes handbook, searchable mailing list archives System status Alt-F1 ..