I ' ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-LidsL L L. ---- I __ I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Ie Ia Il
l--... bFebruary 6, 1990 -- -- · as --- r -_L I ----- ]
I
IB -- ~_ %III~--, ~-~1 -~Y~4~ 1~1~2s~8ge~e~I ~P~- ~"~~w~rm~ss~1sr B~l PAGE 2 The Tech - The Year In Review TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 6,1990 NIIT seeks -new leader as Gray resigns By Reuven M. Lerner According to members of the country. During the entire presi- Corporation and faculty search faculty committee, input has dential search here at MIT, there' committee members spent the been sought from all members of have been numerous reports of better. part of 1989 looking at the MIT community. A forum Deutch's candidacy for the presi- possible successors to President held on Dec. 20 provided a medi- dency at Johns Hopkins Univer- Paul E. Gray '54, who an- um for those on the search com- sity in Baltimore and at Carnegiq' nounced last March that he will mittee to update the comnmunity Mellon University in Pittsburgh. step down on July I of this year on their progress to date, and to Deutch was in fact one of two fi- to become chairman of the MIT field questions from the audi- nalists at Hopkins until he pulled Corporation. Gray will replace ence. Many of the people in at- out of that search in the middle David S. Saxon '41, who is tendance expressed dissatisfac- of January. retiring. tion with the selection process, The provost's aggressiveness Saxon immediately announced and criticized the lack of student has often been regarded as both a the appointment of Carl M. participation. liability and an asset. One faculty Mueller '41 as chair of the Cor- There was also a great deal of member remarked that "resent- poration presidential search com- concern about MIT's connections ment [of Deutch] is at a fairly mittee. The faculty chose a presi- with the Department of Defense. high level and is felt by high dential search committee of their Students -and faculty alike criti- numbers of faculty." own, chaired by Professor Robert cized the closeness of the two M. Solow. Though the faculty bodies, and one student went so Deutch's controversial tenure committee is technically on~ly an far as to say that MIT had "no as provost has been marked by a advisory group, the two commit- social conscience." major initiative onL educational tees have been meeting and work- reform, the hasty 1988 disman- Prominent candidates ing together during the entire -tling of the Department of Ap- leave the race search process, according to plied Biological Sciences, and in- members of both groups. There is a great deal of uncer- timiate involvement with national The Corporation is expected to tainty even now concerning possi- defense interests. approve the committees' choice ble candidates, due in large part It is still unclear exactly who at its March meeting. to the resignations of two of the the remaining candidates are, Solow said that the committees most likely candidates. both with~in and outside of MIT. Tech file photo have received over 200 sugges- Professor David S. Baltimore Science magazine reported last Provost John M. Deutchl '61 tions for candidates. Of these, a '61, a Nobel laureate and direc- month that candidates included large number went through initial tor of the Whitehead Institute for Dean Eastman, a vice president tute of Applied Technology; and PhD '49, National Academy of interviews. The search commit- Biomedical Research, announced at IBM; James F. Gibbons, dean Nobel laureate Arno A. Penzias, Sciences President Frank Press, tees have reportedly met with in October that he had accepted of engineering at Stanford Uni- from AT&T Bell Laboratories. Iand Bell-Laboratories Executive people from MIT, from other the presidency of Rockefeller versity; Donald Kennedy, presi- The Boston Globe has addi- Vice President Solomon J. universities, and from industry. University, a biomedical research dent of Stanford; Thomas E. tionally mentioned former Secre- Buch~sbaum as -po'ssible One committee member said that center in New York City. Balti- Everhard of the- California Insti- tary of State George P. Shultz candidates. '; many more candidates are "from more had been considered a lead- outside, but that is because there -ing candidate in part because of are many more people outside." his prominence in the scientific Members of both committees community and for his Deficit fores tuition hike have repeatedly denied' the exis- administrative skills. tence of a "short list,X' or a final Provost John M. Deutch '61 list of candidates from which the had been considered the most By Andrea Lamberti costs particularly for health Lat $4billon; 'MIT has about final choice will be selected, but likely candidate until he an- MIT's budget deficit continued pare- and increased unrestrict- $1-.2-1 .3 billion. `Ho'wever, you must relate absolute endowment other sources within MIT claim nounced two weeks ago that he to rise inl 1989, prompting the ed fund. support to meet full un- to size of that such a list already exists. would not become the next presi- Corporation to approve, increases dergraduate need. inlstituition. [Taking into in tuition and the self-help account the number of -faculty One committee member acknowl- dent, but would instead return to level Largest increase and to limit members and graduate students], edged that they are no longer academic life aft-er -resigning faculty salary in five years looking at new candidates, but from his post on June 30. increases. -MIT is 20th-36th,:" he explained. Gray are narrowing the field from Deutch's aggressive manage- These measures will distribute The 7.2 percent increase in tu- also said that the "self- help level, had to within one set of candidates. ment style and his many years of the burden of the deficit among ition for this year was the larxgest increase," and Committee members refused to experience as an administrator faculty, students, and staff, Pro- in the past five years. The total students should not have expect- confirm or deny the candidacy of have placed him on short'lists for vost John M. Deutch '61 said in increase in tuition,- room and ed a permanent ceiling of $4900. individuals. leadership positions around the October. . board was $1295, making the to- "The increase in the costs [of at- "If we can adhere to these pa- tal cost of attending MIT $19,335 tending MIT] has to be bo rne by ramneters, the budget problem this year. Tuition -rising from both families and the Institute," _r should be eliminated in a couple $13,400 to $14,500 -accounted he said. of years, said Vice President for for most of the that increase. The decision' to maintain a Financial Operations James Y. MIT's' self-help level, the constant self-help level for the I Culliton. amouint of money a student re- past four years was "carried out News Arts The Corporation actions came ceiving financial aid is expected one year at a time,' said ILeonard in response to the recommenda- to contribute through loans or V. Gallagher '54, director of stu- in theater ..... 12 Introduction ..,...... 3 The year tions of an ad hoc committee ap- work-study, grew by $400 after dent financial aid. "We were Presidential search ...... ,,2 The year in f-ilm ...... 13 pointed by Deutch to address the remaining at $4900 since the warned each time that it would Budget deficit ...... 2 The year in music-...... 14 budget problem. 1985-1986 academic year. have to go up the next year.' Pass/no-record grading 3 The ad hoc committee predict- The rise in se'lf-help to. $5300 At an unprecedented tuition Freshman housing ...... 3 ed that its plan would reduce the once again created a gap between forum last February, students Excerpt of housing report ...... 9 Sports deficit from its fiscal year 1989 the self-help level at MIT and asked Gray if he thought the tu- Anti-trust investigation... 4 level of $5.4 million to $3 million other schools with comparable ition increases would drive quali-: Interphase controversy. 4 Womnets sprs wrap-UP1 this year. In FY 1991;' the comi- expenses. According to -President fied. to students to other schools. Admissions policy ...... ,4 Men's sports wrapup ....19 mittee projected a break-even Paul ED. Gray '54, the Corpora- Because so many factors are in- MIT/industry ties...... 5 Men's volleyball ...... 20 budget, with a small surplus like- tion Executive Committee held volved in a student's decision to Food senice complaints .5 Women's volleyball ...... 20 ly the following year. the self-help level constant during attend a college or university, it is Cambridge politics ...... 6 Indoor track ...... 20 Some of the reasons Culliton the past four years to allow other difficult to assess the impact of I David Baltimore ...... 7 Outdoor track ...... 20 I cited for the continued deficit in- institutionsto, catch up to MIT. higher tuition -costs, Gray re- i C old fusion ...... ,7 Football ...... 20 cluded the growing need to pro- Gray blamed MIT's endow- sponded. Men's basketball ...... 20 vide competitive salaries, espe- The distribution by family in- mI ment for the increase inl the self- Ia cially for the faculty, a reduction help level. "MIT's endowment is come across~the national income I L - -L. . . a in the number of overall stu- substantial in absolute terms, but quartiles has been stable,- he add- i Photography dents, and a lower research base it is not large in the context of ed. "There ha's beent a steady up- m r. growth. MIT," Gray said in February. ward trend in the lowest income ff The year in pictures ...... 10 Other factors enlarging the "In absolute terms, thie size of quartile, and a' downward trend m The year in sports ...... a...... 16 m deficit, according to Culliton, MIT's endowment rankcs Miound 'n the highest income 'quarfiles" FE -. . - . '",.. _ _a-, LI Ui were increased employee benefit seventh. Harvard has the largest, Gray said. m r I m p
m
Fee The Departmenct of, ." t thinkd v Elec~~~~~~~~~~~~~ztneakgahe~¢v>.~9t** ilfMeR Computer [. l es v .-a +~he I
+~~~~~~~p~ :* amTtiirtds is gv-}S \,N a>8Ac->>eE4sNd\esAl
anone hatlOl~~ein *vl > 2ar\ qfeSa\twoeh9
I ~L b ~ ~d · ~ , Bk-L- Qc C WIIL·I -- ~-L-I~ Tt A, JARY 6, 10 The Tech-The Year in Review PAGE 3 L_- -I - I -- _I--- L- - __ __ Introduction Today marks the 110th year of publication of The Tech. We in- clude this, the fifth annual Year in Review supplement, to provide a comprehensive review of the issues and events of the past year. The past year may well be remembered a's a time when MIT concluded a period of major change and prepared-for the chal- lenlges of a new decade. A fitting symbol of the new era will be the inauguration of MIT's 15th president in July. Questions of MIT's role in society will have to be addressed as the Institute searches .for direction in a post-Cold War world. Defense department cut- baclcs and federal budget constraints will undoubtedly put a dent in MIT's large government grants, forcing a review of research goals. In part, that review has already begun. Critics of MIT's links with industry ignited a debate which went to Congress in June. Paul Gray was "ambushed" there by questions of technology transfer to foreign companies involved in the Industrial Liaison Program. David Noble, one of the most outspoken critics of the Institute's links with industry, continues his three-year tenure suit, claiming that he had been rejected because of his views. A larger issue of concern to those involved in the presidential search has been MIT's future role in public affairs. The MIT Commission on Industrial Productivity completed a book in May calling for a new emphasis on science and technology in educa- tion. Stemming from a growing concern over American competi- tiveness, recommendations of this nature will likely generate con- siderable discussion. Closer to campus, the end of an era was marked by the conclu- sion of debate on key educational reform measures and a retreat from admissions liberalization. Lisette W. M. Lambregts Attention has shifted to housing -likely to become the most important and volatile issue in the next few years -and the mounting deficit and tuition problems. With the specter of a Jus- tice Department anti-trust investigation looming over the heads of Faculty votes to keep P/F administrators from here to Stanford, the problem of bloated tu- ition costs may soon turn into a battle for financial survival be- By Prabbat Mebta eliminated because many fresh- the definition of the basics in sci- tween The faculty struck down a pro- men used it to- takce extremely ence has changed to include parts high-p'riced universities and near-broke parents and posed measure which would have heav y loads, neglecting subjects of biology," the SEWG report students. eliminated pass/no-record grad- that serve as the basis for later stated' Singular events also played an important part in shaping the ing in the second term freshman studies. The committee noted 'Professor Anthony P. French, year that was. Nobel laureate David Baltimore '61 announced that year, thus'enin~g one of the most that .45 percent of second-term a member of SEWG, went as far he would leave his'position as head of the Whitehead Institute to important edtiational reform ini- freshmen took more than 55 as to say that "it would be a become president of Rockefeller University. Hundreds of activists tiatives to date. The faculty did, units in a recent year while only crime" to graduate without any participated in two marches on Washington, DC, in support of a however, approve other,-less dras- 12 percent of sophomores did so. exposure to modern biology. woman's right to choose. ."I don't think that pass/fail SEWG suggested a two-stage tic changes in the curriculum- But perhaps the most emotional and painful event of the year including a. tougher minimum should be meant to mask poor plan for implementation of the was the death of MIT's beloved professor, Harold E. Edgerton SM passing standard for performance,' said CFYP chair integrated sequence. The group pass/no-re- '27. His pioneering technological accomplishments cord marking and an addition to Kenneth R.t Manning at open fo- hoped that the course would be and his contri- the Institute Science Re- rum in February. finally adopted by the 1991-92 bution to the education of the many hundreds of students who quirement. The spreading out of the pass/ school year. passed through his laboratory and classes are immeasurable. no-record subjects was intended 'Although students and faculty . The. staff of The -Tech hopes that this issue will help you to bet- orAt the beginning of the spring to improve flexibility in the un- in general concurred on the ter understand these and other stories of the past year and prepare "erm last- year, the Committee on dergraduate curriculum, which growing importance' of biology, you for the next. the Undergraduate Program pre- was seen as too rigid and uni- (Please turn to page 8) Prabhat Meh~ta sented two reports to the faculty form'. Committee members for review: tlie Committee on the hoped that under the plan stu- First Year Program's evaluation dents would feel easier in taking of the pass/no-record system and more time to complete the Sci- FHC calls for housing changes -curricular flexibility, and the Sci- ence Core requirement, leaving ence-Engineering Workinlg open more options in the fresh- By Niraj S. Desai Students would be able, under implementation of most of its Group's of study science edu'- man year for exploration. A controversial recommenda- the FHC plan, to pledge inde- recommendations appearing cation. tion to hiouse all freshmen in pendent living groups and so- dim. SEWG notes growing The CFYP report called for the dormitories provoked rorities or make a choice imaportance of biology sharp de- Indictment of residential system elimination of both pass/nlo-re- bate in the fall about the future among, dormitories only to- cord grading in the second term The SEWG report called for and objects of MIT's residential wards the end of the first year. Charged in September 1988 of the freshman year and the the development of a two-term system. They would move into their with studying the impact of res- two-subj ect pass/fail option integrated course which would At the heart of the debate new living groups with the start idence life on the undergradu- available to juniors and seniors. combine chemistry, materials sci- was the question of whether of-the sophomore year. ate experience, the FHC re- In place of the old system,. the the ence and biology. The course Critics turned a strong indictment of committee recommended that present method of residence se- immediately jumped should be added to the Science the present residential students after their first term be lection contributes to a sense of on the FHC's analyses and rec- system. Core to replace the existing community at the Institute and ommendations, saying that While MIT prides itself on able to take one course on a chemistry requirement, the report pass/no-record basis per term. to the university's intellectual choice in residence selection is a the diversity of its student stated. To offset the- extra term, objectives. unique and valuable part of body, the ho using system en- In addition, the plan called for the Science Distribution Require- The Freshman MIT's undergraduate educa- courages undergraduates to seg- raising pass/no-record's mini- Housing Com- ment should be lowered from tion. Many also questioned regate themselves to art-extent, mum passing level after mittee answered that it does first term three to two courses9, the report the freshman year from a D letter not, and the FHC's November whether the plan would be FHC found. Freshmen, further recommended. worth the damage that would asked to select a living group grade to a C. The report also A desire to include biology in report called for the most sub- likely be done to ILGs, espe- within their first few days at .suggested that some of the pass/ the core curriculum was the pri- stantial change in MIT's hous- MIT, do so on the basis of no-record courses taken after the mary reason behind the integrat- ing system since 1966. cially all-male fraternities. "4preexisting tastes first 'term be allowed to satisfy ed course idea. "During the last The committee uraged that in- Though its report prompted and values Institute and departmental re- 25 years, a revolutionary change coming freshmen be dispersed a reexamination of MIT's resi- rather than a direct experience quirements. in biology has occurred, inl which throughout the dormitory sys- dential policy, the FHC plan of MIT life and exposure to its The6 CFYP argued that second the faculty of MIT has fully par- tem by being preassigned to seemed to lose momentum by ideals and values." The result is term pass/no-record should be ticipated. .. It is evident that specific dormitories anld rooms. year's end, with the chances for (Please turn to page 9)
I
;
I~-~ - - _I---- -J I-s rs -" br.-b -~ I -CP =-
. , , PAGE 4 The Tech - The Year in evlew TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 6,1990 ______I r - 1· 9 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~C9-I~~~~.I----- 1 :Justice Departm-ent launches, investigation of universities to hl for antimtrust violations
Prompted by public concern over the rising costs' of educa- fros in tion at America's top private universities, the Justice Depart- ment launched an investiga'tion of. 55 universities and col- fal te rn lege's -including MIT -fo r possible anti-trust'violations. Last fall, the Justice Department- began a: study of the pro- By Irene C. Kuo cess used by the universities to make .admissions and finan- A new fall-term program was cial aid decisions for evidence, of price-fixing and collusion appended to Project Interphase to keep-tuition artificially high. as a result of a compromise The department has remained silent about exactly what it reached by Dean for Student Af- is looking for in its investigation, or' what it intends to do' if fairs Shirley M. McBay, faculty any conclusive evidence of collusion is secured. -¢ members, and students on May According to James J. Culliton, vice president of financial 23. The creation of Program XL operations at MIT, the, investigatio n is "scary". because none came four days after 50 students of the schools involved "have any idea what the Justice De- conducted a demonstration on partment wants with them.": the steps of 77 Massachusetts Av- Like several of the other schools under investigation, MIT enue to voice opposition- to the has run a budget deficit for the past few years;. MIT main- original program proposed by tains that the deficit is the prime reason-for its tuition hikes. McBay. Lerothodi-Lapula Leeuw/Thte Tech However, in an article in The. Chronicle of Higher Educa- Student representatives said the Students protest proposed changes to Interphase on the tion, the range of tuitions of many of -the schools under in- dispute over Interphase, a sum- steps of 77 Mass Ave. vestigation was shown to be quite close, with no more than a mer program which provides $2500 separation between -the highest -tuition in the group newly admitted minorities with groups throughout the first term ments and worried that the study and the lowest one.: academic and social preparation, while taking a prescribed set of groups would "fragment" the mi- The focus of the Justice Department investigation revolves arose from a breakdown in com- courses: Calculus I (18.01), Phys- nority community. around a 23-school consortium called the-Overlap Group. munication between the adminis- ics I (8.01), a non-writing human- In contrast, Program XL is Members of the Overlap Group -including MIT -meet tration and students. Too often ities class, and an undergraduate voluntary and open to all fresh- afte'r admissions decisions have been. made to compare. fi- administrators assume that if stu-- seminar. Students who did not men, though had it been oversub- nancial aid packages and other information on students. All dents are not complaining, they participate in the fall term phase scribed (it could accommodate 60 23 schools in the consortium -including the Ivy League - are satisfied, said Edward L. of the program would not receive students), priority would have are under investigation. Jones '89. 12 units of writing credit that the gone to Interphasers and other' Like, the other institutions under investigation, MIT has Motivated by concern about others would. underrepresented minority stu- had to keep a team of lawyers and hire special-employees to low grades and graduation rates The proposed program came dents. It is administered by the sift through financial documents and decide which ones need among minority students, McBay under criticism from former In- Office of Minority Education. to be sent to the Justice Department. originally proposed that students terphase participants who dis- "Program XL has fewer re- liked the rigid fall term require- remain in their Interphase study (Please turn to page 6) m ---- - · - I I -rp __ y --______ -_ c ·I Test scores rise in response to concerns
By Andrew L. Fish lack of faculty input . . . has from over 400 to about 225. tions for the future of MIT" In 1989 the MIT Admissions resulted in a situation where-the The report said more emphasis apd-'suggested thiat the faculty Office selected a freshman 'class implicit weighting in admissions was placed on stu~deqts!-'ti~nte -"""should discuss "the proper di- with significantly higher stan- decisions does not reflect the lectual promise"Ahis. year". rection for MIT." dardized test scores than in pre- views of a sufficient number of At the May facqult5v meeting, At October's faculty meeting vious years. This move- came in facullty_ with regard "to what Belinke'explalified that comn- Professor Vera Kistiakowsky response to faculty concern constitutes an excellent appli-- plaints from faculty had. played .stressed that MIT should focus about declining student perfor- cant for MIT."; axroI6 in-the change.' "The ad- .on: attracting-,"diverse, think-).- mance, as expressed in a report This perception was brought- mission staff picks up signals ing, -caring human beings." of the Committee on Under- into focus in a report prepared from the community and tries None of the standardized tests graduate Admissions and Fi- by Professor Antho-ny P. to act on them, " he said. measure the 'potential to be- nancial Aid. French in .1988. French found Blut Professor Robert M. Fo- come a good research scientist, CUAFA asked the Admis- that over the past 20 years the gelson of, the Department of she said.-- sions Office to place greater freshman class has had a pro- Urban Studies and-.Planning Also, Professor Hartley Rod- weight on standardized test gressively smaller fraction of cautioned that the CUAFA re- gers Jr. noted that by using scores and grades, saying that J'., ," Fj, " students with math and science port offered "striking conclu- standardized tests, the faculty "non-academic activities, tal- achievement test and SAT sions based on interviews with was delegating part of the ad- ents, and personal qualities Z, , I 11 scores between 750-800. The few faculty members." H~e not- missions process to the Educa- should be considered mostly as .1 CUAFA report revealed that ed that the committee's "recom- tional Testing Service. With a means of distinguishing Georgina A. Maldonado/The Tech when applicants were grouped mendations have great implica- (Please turn to page 8) among individuals of compara- Michael C. Behnke into various categories based P. I ------ c- · IIQII I ble academic ability." on their grades and test scores, Director of Admissions Mi- placing more weight on the per- a similar phenomenon was chael C. Behnke said last spring sonal qualities of applicants in found -more applicants in the Mean Scores of Accepted Students that the CUAFA report "ilent recent years. The report implied "stop" and "high" ranges were urgency" to the process of "get- that this change has led to -"a denied admission to MIT, espe- 1988 1989 -Change ting the top math and science growing sense amiong the MIT cially between 1986 and 1988, talent." Indeed, the number of faculty . .. of a decline in stu- the first three years of B3ehnke's SAT math mean- 727 -741 +14 applicants admitted with SAT dent performance in those sub- tenure. math scores between 750 and jects that demand the interest The trends noted in both of SAT verbal mean 636 640) +4 I 800 jumped by 224 to 972 stu- and ability to deal with topics these studies were reversed this ACH math mean 739 753 +14 dents. Such students comprised in quantitative terms." year. The number of admitted 51 percent of the accepted The report also recommend- students with math SAT'scores ACH science mean .681 697 + 16 E pool, as compared to 42 per- ed greater faculty involvement of at least 750 Jumped form i-= cent last year. in the admissions process. 748 to 972, and the mean SAT ACH English/foreign The CUAFA report, issued Speaking at last May's faculty math score rose 14 points to language/history mean 636 644. after a year-long study of the meeting, CUAFA Chlairman 741., The number of applicants +8 admissions process, said the Keith D. Stolzenbach '66 said, with "top" or "Shigh" profiles Admissions Office has been "We have concluded that the who were rejected dropped -- --C-- --- - I r ----r _ L --- __--C -- I
it CY M, and ago
A v ::announce M-UtWthAf P 41. -,' , 'Ah`h i -,But a:.: wi NUO& w h ...... Mverature.: -itntists: cip -inA t, 6th:..- Irgan 4 Mol 0 Ada'' le aro Ad"w: Y99, wi escn es hi'" 'C b''egim it emP ts.,-to .1U t r essor, .- .. : , 4,06A lip jdAte"tht :t rom itta b" P -MOYMent- "envir.0111-1 "M :`27-..:Tjr 6sident:Gdqr--g pme E minite RtidhAr B 'sh 60 d:-L
P p Um j est a d i 4 O new.,18-10f,"...... and.rna 4i Aessoi-:10f6cibrio i6i: w And- Dr Sloan Se oof.of h Riedi;!:CUrrCAv:ex lum usa-40,14k Ml anageMpat -w Anelm= a -o ithe Cd hCH bf1EC n Advisors.
1 ~C"_'_a )Iess TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 6,1990 The Tech The Year in I Review PAGE 5 MfIlc corporate ties raise concern
By Annabelle Boyd tion in ILP -the largest pro- stronger business-university ties vate interests sponsoring the 1989 witnessed growing con- gram of its kind in the nation'- as ways to help US competitive- Whitehead Institute. MIT's re- cern that new corporate ties at was flawed because American ness, and he maintained that the sources, he said, were a result of MIT were interfering with tradi- companies that do not belong to establishment of an ILP office in decades of public funding. Since tional academic norms and the the program are free to contact Tokyo proved that the program they were bought with taxpayers' public interest.-- MIT faculty members about their was working against that goal. dollars, the resources were not In mid-June, a congressional research.- "Are you at all -concerned that MIT's to sell, he argued. subcommittee singled out MIT's Gray argued that the results of American taxpayers are paying Development of the institute at --Industrial Liason Program as a all MIT resear ch are-in the public for research whose results are' be- MIT was proposed i n 1981 by technology transfer operation domain. "The ILP does not pro- ing sold to (Japanese) industries millionaire industrialist Edwin which -was selling the results of vide exclusive access, privileged that will not necessarily benefit Whitehead. Duke University had federally-financed research to access or private access to those the American public? " Weiss previously rejected a similar pro- foreign firms. results," he said.. "it does provide asked Gray. posal from Whitehead after three At a, hearing on June 13, Rep. facilitated access." .Gray, said -he was not con- years of negotiation. Duke Theodore S. Weiss (D-NY), chair- The 287 corporations phrtici- cerned, and explained that the claimed that the relationship be- man of the Himan Resources pating in the program include Tokyo office had been set up not tween the university and the pro- Tech file photo and Intergovernmental Relationls 170 American and '57 Japanese to solicit Japanese firms, but for posed institute would be of little David F. N\oble subcommittee, -asserted that. firms. Each pays between the convenience of MIT faculty benefit to t he university, while Whitehead "has acquired the though -MIT's ILP is open to $10 000 and over $100,000 per members visiting Japanese mem- providing Whitehead with valu- prestige of MIT, perhaps the both US and foreign companies, year 'for access to MIT research ber corporations. able access to D~uke's personnel most respected technical institu- the foreign firms _'particularly in its areas of interest. Company "If your concern is the extent and facilities. tion in the world. It represents an the Japanese - are its biggest- executives may visit MIT, and to which federally-funded re- In a 1986 book, Biotechnolo- accumulated social investment users . participating faculty members search is exploited by other coun- gy: The University-Industrial that could not be duplicated for a MIT President Paul E. Gray may visit company offices. Exec- tries, you shouldn't focus on ILP Complex, Martin Kennedy out- thousand times what Whitehead '54 heralded foreign participation utives may also receive copies of or programs like it at other uni- lined the MIT agreement: It is spending." in ILP, praising the program as research published by MIT facul- versities," Gray told the subcom- called for Whitehead to appoint Noting that the biology depart- one of the first attempts by a uni- ty members and "preprints," mittee. 'You'd have to change David Baltimore '61 as the insti- ment received substantial govern- versity to link research and -comt- copies of papers that have not yet th6 whole context in which uni- tute's director and to appoint sev- ment support when the great ex- mercial applications. He claimed been published. versity research and graduate eral corporate board members to plosion in- biotechnology took programs like ILP were crucial to Faculty participation is volun- education take place and put it the institute's board. place, Noble raised an important education and research at Amneri- tary, but those who join receive under wraps." Whitehead would provide di- public interest question: "Are points, can .universities eager to learn worth $35 each, for the Noble tenure trial puts rection'to MIT's biomedical re- MIT's resources -and reputation, work they do. about foreign research and cor- A phone conversa- Whitehead in question search by appointing 20 MIT bi- created largely at public expense, porate. practices. tion with a company representa- ology department members and really MIT's to sell? In return for Both men's remarks were made tive, for example, is worth 2 One of MIT's fiercest critics would own all inventions and in- money and operating expenses, during'an ongoing. congressional points. The points may be re- with regard to corporate ties is tellectual property produced by the Whitehead Institute receives investigation of universities, the deemed for office furniture, com- David F. Noble, a former asso- those members. In return, MIT privileged access to -and a fair National'Institutes of Health, puter equipment, or professional ciate professor at MIT who was received a $7.5 million endow- measure of control over -pub- and the National Science Founda- travel. The average amount re- denied tenure in 1984. Noble ment as well as $5 million annu- licly created resources. tionI. The subcommittee inlvesti- ceived by faculty members partic- claims that the position he took ally until 2003, and $100 million Despite the controversy, MIT gated possible conflicts of inter-. ipating in the-program last year against MIT's ties to the White- upon the death of Edwin agreed to the Whitehead partner- est in the relationship between was $665; the average among the head Institute for Biomedical Re- Whitehead. ship in February. 1982. universities and industry. Of par-' 10 faculty members with the search influenced his tenure As the proposal circulated, When a court ruling is finally ticular concern was MIT's ex- highest point totals was $3600. review.. many MIT faculty members were passed on the Noble tenure case, change of research anld-techhol- Weiss said that ILP records Noble filed a suit against MIT critical. But -while others com- the issues on1 which he and MIT ogy with foreignq companies. show that of 25 MIT faculty concerning his tenure decision in plained that the partnership was disagreed will remain unresolved. Officials at MIT and other uni- members who received more than 1986. The ongoing court battle simply a bad deal, Noble's argu- But Noble hopes that his case versities have argued that tech- $1 million in federal grants in re- - which has yet to go to trial - ment against the institute was far will send a strong message to stu- nology transfer. programs like cent years, 80 percent "had more has attracted further publicity to broader: the partnership was a dents and other professors to ILP are needed to 'improve the contacts with foreign corpora- the issues which he and the Weiss serious violation of the public "fight back - to uphold the productivity and competitiveness tions than American ones." Weiss subcommittee have raised. trust. principles that historically univer- of American industry. recalled that Gray had repeatedly' MIT, Noble argues, has been Noble summarized his argu- sities have. expressed -freedom Gray said that W~eiss' assess- called both for greater federal selling its base of knowledge and ment in the Feb. 6, 1982, edition of inquiry and diversity of ex- ment of- high foreign participa- funding- of research and for its research capabilities to the pri- of The Nation. H~e wrote that pression."
I LslL~~~~~~~~~~ldulPB ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-~~~~~~a_Is -rIs I ah a _-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~---se I s -- _ - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-- - _ ·- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ sI --- 1--- -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~- I - - Ic-·rsl _II I I 1·111~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ARA tries to improve service .in'wake of -strong criticism By Brianl Rosenberg operations. Complaints of unsani- Last fall, MIT examined and tary conditions, long lines, and criticized its food services and overpriced meals forced UA Presi- ARA, the company that provi des dent.Paul Antico 991 to form an them. Lawrence E. Maguire, direc~- ad hoc ARA committee. The com- tor of housing and food services, mittee placed " flame sheets" labeled ARA~s service- 'unsatisfac- around campus. The sheets asked tory" and an Undergraduate Asso- the question, "What's wrong with ciation committee presented ARA ARAV' with a list of student complaints. The committee collected and or- In response, ARA took steps to ganized the responses into a -list Of eliminate the problems and im- changes to be implemented. They prove its service. focused on health issues, pricing, service, and quality. Service was In an October interview, Ma- the primary subject of the com- guire told The Tech that ARA plaints, according -"has not given to Jennifer Ha- us the return we ex- mel '90, the VA committee's chair. pected.' At the same time,-Alan Hamel suggested that adoption Leo, ARA~s manager for MIT, said of the changes might that be enforced he was "unaware'- of any by a UA-sponsored boycott, but problems with service. Leo is the students reported improvements third manager here in three years, within the four-week deadline set the result of both changes in MIT's by the committee. food service-goals and ARA!s in- The ARA committee also sug- ternal shakeups. gested long-range changes, such as Student complaints became introducing competition and re- more vocal. MIT students who had evaluating the meal plan system. Tech file photo worked for ARA told of misman- So far, no action has been taken agement and inefficiency in ARA on these suggestions. Overpricing, one of the complaints that brought about changes in ARA.
LIIIIB -sL __pl I IssI L-·LBLI --·--- IL -· _ -I ·C- ______IIC- - I - - C - -· - - - I- ·--- - --·Y-C
xi:
W: -Hundi&&