OPERATION MILS MOPTI HISTORY OF COSTS AN3 EXPENDITURES
IQC Contract No. PDC-1406- I-03-4090-03 Vork Order No. 3
Submitted To:
Submitted By: DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATES, INC, 2924 Columbia Pike A)-1 ing ton , VA 22204 Tel . : (703) 979-0100
February 1 985 TABLE OF CONTENTS
ae APa I . I NTPODUCT I ON A . Eackgound ...... 1-1 R . Cescri ption of St.udy Team Pctivity ...... 1-3 C . Suii~lnaryConclusions ...... 1-4 I I . COSTS OF PROJECT PRQGRPMS A . Credit Frograms ...... 11-1 1 . Credit Programs 3nd Operations ...... 11-1 a . Agricultural Eauipent and Supplies ...... 11-2 h . kaft Pnimal Cr~dit...... 11-3 c . Flour Idill Credit ...... 11-4 d . Mshylette Credit ...... 11-4 e . r~"lrket-r)-ardening -.--- To01 s ...... 11-5 2 . Description of Tablez. Explanatory btes ...... 11-6 I 3 . Sunriary P.esul ts - Cost of Credit Programs ...... 11-7 4 . Tchles C-1 through C-10 ...... 11-9 B . Personnel Support Pro~am...... 11-16 1 . Personnel Structure ...... 11-16 2 . Salary and Payr.011 Structure ...... 11-16 3 . Fersonnel Costs ...... 11-17 C . The In-house Training Pro~am...... 11-20 1 . Description of Ot.1 Training Propam ...... 11-20 2 . The Bor6 Training Center ...... 11-20 2 . The In-house Training Costs ...... 11-21 D . The Blacksmith Training Progam ...... 11-23 1 . Description of the Progam ...... 11-23 2 . Costs of the Blacksmith Training Pro~am...... 11-24 E . The Grain t4arketing Prop-am ...... 11-25 1 . History of the OPT?-OPM Relationship ...... 11-25 2 . The Marketing System 1979-1982 ...... 11-27 3 . Financial Concl~~sions...... 11-28 1 . OY4- JCR JSAT-SAFGFIAD His t.ory ...... 2 . Sonclusio~...... G . The Village Farmer 3oanization Program ...... H. Infrastructure Construction Prooram ......
1) riousing ...... 2) Offices ...... ? ) h'x eh ouses ...... 4) Other Buil dings ...... 5 . Descrf pti on of Tab1 es ...... c . ~'i~th@dol~~y...... 11-36 d Ztrni;;iary Fesul ts ...... 11-36 e. TableB-1ConstructionProyam ...... 11-37 2 . Road Puilding Program ...... 11-41 a . History...... 11-41 b . Eescriptionof Tables ...... 11-44 1 ) Buildings ...... 2) Roads ......
d . Summary Conclusion ......
P . Tables 1 ) R-1 9perating Costs and Expenses 2) R-2 Equipm~ntUsage and Fuel Consumption 3) R-3 Personnel hplo-men t Summary d) !?-4 Operating Funds Availability I I. b!ell Digging Program ...... 1 . History ...... 2 . Description of Tables ...... Pa oe A 3. t.1. thodol ogy ...... I 1-56 4. Summary Resul ts,. . . . . , ...... , ...... 11-57 5. Tables ...... 11-58 a. 1 h'ell Data ...... I 1-50 b. W-2 Well Costs...... 11-59 0. Pdministrarive Support...... , ...... 11-57 I 1. Cost Companents ...... 11-57 a. Vehicle @pera "Lion and Maintenance...... , ...... 11-57 h. Office Supplies ...... 11-65 c. Other Adrni'nistrjtive Costs...... , . . . ., ...... , . . . . 11-65 I ?. Cost Estimetes 11-66 1 ...... a. Vehicle and Diesel Electric Generator Operations...... , 11-66 b. Office Suppl ies...... , 11-75 c. Other Administrative Costs...... 11-75
K. Equi pent Procurement.. . , ...... , ...... , . . 11-76 1. Procurement Needs ...... 11-76 2. Division of Procurement Responsibilities ...... 11-76 3. Cost Tables ...... 11-79
ANNEXES
Annex A: Statement of Work, with Erief Responses Annex 0: List of Persons Contacted Annex C: iis t of Documents Consul ted Annex D: Supplementary Tab1 es on Vehi cle Maintenance and Cpera tions Annex E: Supplementary Tables on Fell Cata OPERATION MILS MOPTI HISTORY OF COSTS AND EXPENDITURES
I. INTRODUCT 1ON
~~{rationI4ils Mopti was created by the Government of ilal i (CRM) in 1972 to stimulate the p~oductionof millet and sorghum in the Fifth (Mopti ) Region of 14al i . Initial finiincing included the grant of 1ocal currency funds generated under 1I.S. Public Law 480.
In February 1976, AID authorized a grant to fipe/ration Mils Mopti (0:1!4) which kzs expected to provide approxi'rately $6 million to the project over three years. The project agreement, sisned in June 1976, provided retroactive financing for expenses incurred by OW after January 1, 1976, Subs?quently, a Phase I1 of the project was financed under an apeement signed in April 1980. There were minor plannina differences between the two phases but the financial arrangements were essentfally identical. The GRM agreed to pay the salaries of prrsnnel on the national and regional civil service payrolls who were assigned to the project. The other expenses of OMF.1 were financed by PID through a reimbursement process. O!#l was r-equired to submit annual budgets to USAID for approval . Supposed1 y staying within the approved budget, OMM made expenditures from a rotating fund nour ished by advances and reimbursements. USAID reimbursed, upon @!M's request, a variety of expenditures includins: initial capital for credit procyams, infrastructure, equipment, general operating expmses and personnel costs not covered by the GRM national and regional payrolls.
N3t all OM costs were financed by the reimbursement method, however. USND procured directly, from abroad, such iterns as vehicles and heavy road-buil ding squipent. It made some local poctirement of imported items such as grain ?inding mills. It imported blacksmith tools to be p:-ovided on credit.
Starting in ahout 1981, serious pohlems in the financial managemerlt of the project became mani fest. Early in lsP2, an evaluation report recommended substantial techni cal ass istance in fi'n;incial mna gerneit. The t.r;.chni cal assistance \,as too little 2nd too late. hftsr first suspnding reimbursements for several months, AID in ktober 19E2 noti fied the GPJ4 that financial assistance to the project had bcen terminated.
In the latter part of 1982, an audit was corlducted by AID. The resul ts were published in I4arch 1983; a French languaoe version of the audit was transmitted to the CRY, through the t4inis try of Fgicul ture, in Auorlst 1983. The audit report made four recor:mndations, three of which are of concern to this .;port. iJSftJD,q'ral l' was advised to seek repayment from the GRM of 354,858,427 :?a1 ian francs r$bp.:.se~tingdishur semen ts by AID for seed ca pi tal for the agricul tural cedit progritm. Similarly, USA JD/Pal i was advised to seek repayment of 4t3 ,!2?5,fl%O Ma1 ian francs disbursed to the mohyl ette credi t fund. In 50th C~S~Sthe recor,;nei~&tions k:ci-e based on a finding that credit funds had heen diver ied, in violation of the Project Agreement, and used to pay U1M operating expc-nses.
The other 1-ecoirin~n&ationwas that \?SAID should seek a full accountin9 for all project funds. If that accounting were not provided within nine months, then l!SPID shoul d seek repaynent of th2 2,181,595,851 Ma1 ian francs disbursed to pay the costs of the project. The reason for this recommendation was that OVM, and hence the GRM, had not provided aeequate accounting information to justify the reinbursement of costs paid by FSAIC.
Since hgust 1983, the GRtrl, through the Ministry of Agriculture, and the USG, speci fi cally USAIDfllal i , have been discussing these audit recommendations. The discussions have not been fruitful and the study team had been advised that the differences between the two parties ha1.e disturbed their relationship and even threatened the or uerly execution of other p-ojects for rural development on which they are cooperating.
In recognition of their problem, the two govwnaents called upon a team, the authors of this report, to study the operational and financial history of Operation i?ils ;4i pti and to develop a base of information, acceptable to both parties, that can be used in discussions leading to an agreed response to the audit reconxnda tions. The "Learn was instructed to determine the justifiable eels ts of the ~.ro;ject in i t.s vat- i ous components: o-edit, opera t.ing costs , pquipfient, infrastructure, etc. ,J~lstif.;sble cost was explained to the team as having two elements: the octivi ty financed was part of the project 3s described in the Project Papr; unit costs were r~asonablebased on market
F~CC?S at the time, in so far as those market prices could be determined.
Ttqe team orcynized to carry out this study consisted of five persons: Parke 0. '!,?:sey, Chief of Fartv and i7iinagement and Procurement Special isx; Seydou I:h;.,c_aya , Chief !nspxc';or of Economic Services, Minis try of Fgr icul ture; John Parton, ,-cnrj;neer; Py?cary bsse, Accountant and Conh-011 er, Ministry of :.y icul twe: and Ctl;:rles kldies-Nhite, Financial ::anagenent Advisor. The tiv-e~11.S. mrc5ers of the team were provided under a contract with Development F??~oci~t.es,Inc., of Prlington, \'irginia.
Ti7e team divided up its research into manageable elei~ients, giving p-ioriiy to tCicse activities which involved major pr~jectexpenditures. In the first review, I4assey took the credf t prop-ams; Kansaye, furniture and equipment ; Kildi'ng-\!bite, notor vehicle purchases, maintenance and operations and other POL uses; Garton reviewed the huildinos, roads and well digging p-oyams; and Kasse reviewed a1 1 personnel costs. The metbod of research was document search and revi:ew, concentrating on original documents at t3e project site, interviews rvi th persorls connected with the project, some site visits by the engineer and a constant interchange of information and views among the team members. Chief Tns~ectorKansaye is very familiar with the project and with project documents. Thus, he acted as the team's research puide and dir~ctor.
The tear met in Pamako front October 22 to October 31, 1984. During this period, CIOc~iaents avail able at uSFID/Hal i were identi fied , reviewed and oraanized for further research. Discussions of the assignment were held w representatives of' the Miii istry of Agricul ture and USAID. A work schedule p'epared and arced to. On Kovember 1 , the team moved to tile project site 5eadquiirters in Sevare,44opt'i.#' # Research was conducted in that region from l!~vember 2 to Cecember 7, 'i984. On kcember 6, the team gave an oral report on i ts findings, up to t4at htc, to rc.prespr~.t.atives of I!SA!D, the ilinistry of 6 !:pri cwl ture and the ~:i:n;lo;rncnt of OiVl in a joint meeting at tCle Operation.
During the week of Pecerher 10, the t.earn warted i7 I'arnako preparing part of this r~port, ,4 second oral report was made to the Ministry of Agriculture and the !%A ID !4iss ion PSrr.c.Z.or.
';jr in? ,January and F~hl"l~;lryla85 the team members frorr; kvel oyxnent Pssociates , / Inc. , returned to E:;;;;al:o. 11. Easse was otherwise cornmi tted but was available for occasional c~nsulta ti on. Chief Tnspector Ksnsaye rejctined the team and returned to f1opt.i wi th ?a-ton and !Gassey. Wil ding-hi te renained in Bamako res~7iirching lIS,D!D pcc)cti/rcnent and ot.her costs . Dur ing this pw iod research was cmplc-ted and the r,ections on road construction costs, procurei;lmt costs, res~brcncosts , S~-~C.LISE.training and the mark~tingproyam were drafted. The fie1d work Nas complett?d by February 15 and final editing was dcne in :a!zshir~$r~n durjng the last weks of February.
The team has est~blished a total cost to the Q4t4 project budget for ayicul tural credit of 850 million Halian francs. Seed capital provided for this program was 354 million francs. The capital turnover ratio for this poyarn was 2.30:1. The adjusted cost of goods sold under the inobylette credit proy~ramwas 263 mill ion francs. USAID suppl ied seed capital of 4s million. The rollover ratio was 5.38:1.
The team has cal cula%d the total jus ti fied cost to the O!M budget of the pr~j~ct.In most cases justi fied costs are actual costs establ ished by review of original oprating and financiai documents. These are the costs that rere subject to reirrlurse2ent by USAICI from project funds in accordance with project agreements and ancil lary documents. They iilcl ude both operating and capi ta 1 expenses. 9orm as a re 7arate ?tern are the seed capital costs of the credit program and total purchises for the credit fund. Seed capital plus rol10vers are shown in the section on cl-edit programs. In two cases, costs were caJculated for a proTam, but it was found that these costs were already rep8srtt.d el sewhere. To evcid any double counting these costs are shown as "not ~~par~?:.~ly i c+n ti Fied" in Tab1 P 1 he1 ow. Thr- team has not been able to detc:r,.rr:.ir;t. the cost to ,t$e government of the J!.epgblic of lllali (GRM) of personnel assi pr~dt.~ the p--o,jpc% and paid on national and regional payrolls.
SMMARY TABLE 7
Jus ti fied OMM Costs
?4a1 ian Francs (000)
Credi t ?rooram
c7persti'ng and Sapi :a1 Costs
3ersonnel Sgpport Program In-Vcuse Training Prog-am ElacksmS th Trairiing Progar, \;el 1 Di g;l-i n a Prop am Feseclrch ?ra~6rn Farrnw Ch-ganizati on Program
Infras tructur? Pro yam
Puil dings Roa ds
Administrative Support
Vehicles and Genera tors (operating) ?the? Admin. Costs Cffi ce Suppl ies
Procurement Pro~arn
Vehi cl es (:let) Other
Total Operating and Capital Costs
Grand Total Credit plus Costs
*n.s.i. = not specifically identified The tcijmi h(?~also calculailsd CHl4'r, 1~5~on yain marketing opercltiorrs car-ricd out for 1 'Cffice des Prodiri ts Agicolcs du Ma] i /OP/S,! ), a requirment of ';he terrgs of r~f~rt~r,cp.This less was at Ic-ast 113 million i4aliiln francs. Since all costs a:r;c,ciat.ed with this propam are noz available or calculable, the actual loss nay hzve t~wnconsidv-ably higher.
To co:nplete the financiai picture and to respond in part to item 11 of the Statement of York, the team has prepjr~idTable 2 (on the following page) which e' e' sets forth all P~watiorlMils hpti project exprndi tures, Phase J and Phase I1 trp to DccemSer 31, l9P4, The O?erating Costs (O!illrl) figure represents project local cost rcirf~ii-seinents (i2d ap-er.s with the total for this item shown in Exhibit E of the audit report, plus $100,000 disbursed after Junz 31, 1982. SUf4ARY TABLE 2
pF&a t.i on Mi1 s llopl ti - KO. 688-0202
Project Expenditures to kc. 31, 1984
Ex pen de d *.-
Techni cal Ass istar~ce 499 499 Training (Partici pants) 4 2 ? Cormodi ties 3,236 2,241 Credit Propam .. - Const~uction 12 - Opera ting Cos ts (0:111)3 3,396 3,502 U~IEat-rr,ark ed 104 0
TOTAL --5,289
Ph8s.e 11: Total to 12/31/l?4
Technical Assistance 4 24 Training (Partici pants) 3 5 Conmodi ties 480 Credi t Program 0 Construction 792 Operating Costs OM!^)^ 2,317 Unearmarke'a 109 Deobl igated -
TOTAL -4,729l 3,444 GRAND T0TP.L-PHASES I AND I1: 10,518 9,733
IdOTES: 1. $4,629 was oh1 iaated in Phase 11, then reduced by $400,000.
2. Cancelation charge of 67,013,717 M. F. was paid by USAID on idarch 7, 1984, (equivalent to $78,Q33 at 849 MF/Q) to EC-ERPT Construction Co. in Mali.
3. All r~irbursementsto OMM are charged to Operating Costs.
Sources: Phase I - USAID/CONT, Form U-203, ?reject Financial Activity Report as of September 30, 1981. Chase I1 - USPIDICONT, Quarterly Project Financi a1 Status Report as of PcemSer 31, 1984, 11, COSTS OF PROJECT PROGRAMS
A. ------~redit Prow sms
~~E/rationblil s Ilopti had six separate credit programs; three were forms of a gicul tural production credi t: agicul tural equipment and suppl ies for 9,~ainpr-ocfurtion, draft animals, and hand tools for market gardening on the Cbgon Plai~au. Two were mall-business credit programs, one to supply 5la~itsniit.h~with tools and working capital and the other to provido village grain rn-ills. There was also an internal credit program which provided wrrrrlnel of the cpe/ration with bicycles, motor-bicycles and motorcycles for official and personal use, All of these programs were "in-kind" ; OM11 provirkd hoth the supply and the credit fuilctinns. The management and operating costs of these prog-ams are not separately identifiable, they are included in the overall orerating costs of 014M. Direct costs of goods sold on credit and for cash are fairly easily identifiable and are set forth in this section of the report. All of the programs used some sort of mark-up mer direct costs to recover some part of operating costs and/or to reflect an intere~trate. Fowever, the mark-ups do not seem to have reflected a cal cula ted cost of mana ging t5e program hookkeepirlg, credit supervision, s~~pplyoperations, etc.) or any estimate of the cost of credit. It is highly probable that all credit and supply programs operated at a substantial loss.
Poth the mohyl ette and the agricultural credit programs were set up as I revolving funds with seed capital provided by USAID. Receipts from cash and 1I credit sales were supposed to be maintained in separate accounts and used I on1 y for re-supply purchases. Actually, the funds were de-capi tal ized and used to defi-ay operating expenses not reimbursed by USAID or for which reirbursewnt was delayed or deferred. h'everthel ess, the funds were used as rollover accounts and, since these accounts were the subject of findings and recommendations in the audit report, we have calculated a rollover ratio. for tloth of them. This ratio is dwived hy dividing the total cost of goods sold, cash or credit, by the arnount of seed capital provided orfplnally by USA ID.
This Fogram is designed to supply, for cash or on credit, agricultural equi pment (plows, carts , seeders, cul tiva tors ) and suppl ies (pesticides, fertilizer) io Fifth Region millet ilnd sorghum growers. In order to es tab1 ish the direct costs of th'is credit, we have determined from resional and sector rxords, cross-ch..cking where possible, the amounts of equipment and supplies sold by i tern, by crop year, for the period covered in the repr t. 1k have appl ied the establ ished prices for each crop year for the i tcms sol d to determine total costs by year and i tern. The prices rere listed by the ~ocigt6de ~rgditAgricole et dtEquipnent Fu:-ale (SUER) the Ma1 ian state nionopoly which, until 1983, imported and distrihubd all agricultural machinery and most agricultural chemicals provided to t,!al ian farmers. Since no inventory of goods on hand was tak(q at the start of the 1976/77 crop year and no closing inventory at the end of 1982, we have used the inventory accounting principle of "last in, first out," i.e., replacement cost equals cost of goods. We continued to apply this principle after SCAER was replaced as supplier by other state agencies, SIEMP, OlDT and OPSR.
The scope of work for this study asks the team to establish, in effect, shadow prices for agricultural equipnent and inputs sold by CMM. We have been asked to conipare prices paid by Ol4M with vices available in other markets. For this period there were no other prices to compare. OM!l's source of su?ply was a government monopoly sell ing at subsidized pices. The suhsidy was drastically reduced after 1976 and theoretically el iminated as a direct subsidy after 1980. But, since no full cost accountins system was ever used, some suhsidy always existed and hence excluded private entrepreneurs from the market. he could constiuct a set of shadow prices by deiel-rninina, year by year, export prices in various ~rla~k~tsfor identical or similar $on&, Oncb could then add transprt ioqt.5, workfng capital costs, war~housing,uninsured losses, intcrnal t-ar~sport, warc+~o!~sinp and mana gcrn~ntoverhead, to arrive at a paint of s,:le to farrwr cost. Pssuining exemption from all duties and cuc;toms C~~!IPS,the cost, and hence price to farmer, would certainly he higher than t'lat char yd. This di fference woul d represent the effective subsidy to tlie credit proyam from the GRI and hence a hidden cost or project cc:ib-ibution. To establish this nidden cost would be interesting hut hardly wo,-th the inv~strnent in time, personnel and money. We only wanted to draw the attention of the readers of this report to the fact that such a cost existed.
The total cost of agricultural equipnent sold we have estimat~dat 699,73,P20 I.??and the cost of supplies at lfi4,7% ,515 t4F. This total cost. should be reduced by an estimated 20,236,000 francs representing the rebate of 5% on ap-i cu1 tural equipment sales paid by SCAER to CMM and designed to cover distribution costs, at least in part. Add to t.his the cost of draft animals sold on credit, 5,580,000 3lF, and one arrives at a total cost of goods estimated at 850 mil lion francs. With the USAID seed capital contribution fixed at 355 million francs, the roll-over ratio was 2.39: 1. b. Draft Animal Credit
As peviously contemplated in project documents, in August 1380 h~o villages in the Mopti sector were chosen to receive 62 draft animals, oxen, on credit. With the assistance of ODEM, the Ma1 ian animal husbanby agency, the animals were purchased at a cost of 90,000 14F each. ODD4 provided veterinary services incl uding inorulations at no cost. Training costs and all credit mana~ement costs were absorbed in CWM's oprating costs. Some farmers were reported to have complained that the animals were overpriced but on the otbter hand all were so1 d without di fficul ty. The justified cost for this program was 5,580,000 MF. c. Flour !!ill Cr~dit "-. --.__-.. -_ _,.._,."..* ...... 4..-
1ncll:cl~d in Phssc IT project planning was a proposal to place up to 100 small grain mills in sclectcd villages in order to reduce the burden upon village wornen in ?he prc.parmatic,nof flour and also to provide income to IYIMwhich ~o1~1doy~chratc the mills as a comercia1 venture with part-tirp hired labor. A mill with its diesel motor was purchased in 1979 and placed with a village blacksmith to test the idea's commercial prospects. By 1082, the idea had ht-cn proven impractical but twelve more mills and motors tiad been bought. These were later sold, on credit, to various individuals. The first mill was apparently purchased by OM, The other twelve \,?re purchased from local suppl iers by USAID through purchsse orders. The warket price in 1979 of a mill, with motor and b ive bt?l t , bas s!lou t ??0,00@ :4F and that is the amount which the team feel s is a jus ti fi'rrd cost for this credit program component.
d. -....-Mob~lette ------Credit
The --rnobylette credit program was directed at CT4M's own employees, The Operation wished to provide its employees, especially field personnel, with a means of low-cost transport. It bought small motor-bikes in substantial quantities for cash and sold them to its employees on crpdi t. Payrlents were spread out over 18 to 20 months, with no down payment. T z employee using his mobylette for official duties received a fuel allowance. A few motorbikes were not sold on credit but placed as service veliicles within DIM. This was also true of several bicycles and at 1east one motorcycle. These were very minor exceptions which do not affect the just! f;?d cost aspect of the proyam and hardly affect the cr edi t aspect .
Procu:.ernen t was standardized on a 49cc, two stroke moped, assembled in Mali, easily serviced, with local spare part availability. The little vehicle had a useful life of at least two years. Having paid off his debt, the mployee could sell his 01 d bike and buy a new one on credit. This was very much the norm and part of the original intent of the proqam.
-- DET.I:J,(.)I'.\IESTASSOCIATES. 1SC. - The Project Papr contrmpl a t~dthe procur men t wi th U, S. fl~ndsof just
over 700 ,-.-.mohylettes.-. ---. -.-- The Project Agrec~ncntpovided that all receipts from the sale of ----mobylettes would be placed in a segregated account and used only for the purchase of replacement vehicles. Careful accounts were kept of all motorbikes purchased and of all repayments made by mployees. Although the -mobylctte- funds were comingled with DIM operating accoc~ntfunds, the project purpose:, to set up a revolving fur~d, was achieved. The initial stock had all been purchased by mid-'1978; as of July 1978, 275 motorhikes had been purchased at a cost of about 55
million hlF, of which IJSAID reirnhursed 48,P25,020 !IF or the cost of a ppr oxSrnl te?y 195 ------rnobyl et.tes .
in 6ddi tion to the ---.--noby1 stt~s,U4M a1 so provided its empl oyees with 10 ~notorcycl es and 42 bicycl es. The total cost of bfcycl es was 3,197,850 i9F: the !notorcycl es cost 6 ,010,000 :IF. This raises the total cost of the no tort) ike, motorcycle and hi cycl e propram to 28?,547,975 MF. The roll -over raxio, to'~a1 purchases to VSAID provided seed capital , was 5.75:1. The :earn has noted the audit report statement concerning un justi iiably high prices paid by Q1I.l for rnctorbikes. We compared prices paid by UWl to two suppliers fromJuly 1980 to ,2p-il 1981, wit5 prices paid for identical machines by another Operation to a large we1 1-es tab1 ished suppl ier. The OMM purchases were at much hi gher p-i ces , net, FOB Bamako. We have recalculated total direct costs and the roll -over ratio to reflect the lower pice. The seed capital contribution from AID remains unchanged; a1 1 USAID disbursements were mde two years earlier. The adjusted total direct cost of the program \11oul d have been 263,027,675 MF. The roll -over ratio becomes 5.38:1. e. ?.larket Gardenina Tools
The Project Papr for a+l Phase 11, July 12, 1979, proposed the addition of tools for bgon plateau market gardening to the supply and credit prorams of 04M. This decis ion had been already imp1 ernented with the purchase, early in 1979, of an inventory of handtools, picks, shovels, hoes , spr ink1 er cans, etc. The i terns were of French manufacture imported by SCMEA, a privab company. On March 14, 1979, the Sector Chief in fhnd5ag;lt-a was advised by a414 of the prices to be charged for each item. Sprinkler cans, wheel barrows and sl ed?es were to be sold on one year crc~dit, hces, shovels , picks and rakes were to he sold for cash. A1 1 sales prices were narked up 12% over cost to 011M. This program rep,-csented a major mis"ijke in judynent. The Dogon peasant had available aclequaie horn?-rmde or villaoc-made tools at minflnum plices; there was no market for, the new, very expcnsi e tools and they were sold in very small quan ti ties. By the end of 1982, only about 42 of the original cost of the Snvmtory had been recovered by sales.
I,!e have tried to assess the cost of this error to +he p-oject. To do so ;:e klave taken tCle cost of the or ainal inventory and deducted the estirna ted aarket value of the theoretical s~ockon hand as of kcember 1932. This established a cost of sales consisting of cost of goods actually sold plus losses in value of inventory. From this we have deducted income fr~msales. llle estimate that the loss on the program, and hence i ts cost to the project was 28,115,065 MF.
The valuations placed on the various items in inventory are an educated Guess. Some similar items, hoe blades for example, are available in local markets. We were told in 1082, and again more recently, that the spr ink1 er can offered at 16,000 :.IF woul d have been marketable at 4,000 YF.
2. Descri~tionof Tables. Explanatorv Notes
Tab1 e C-1 , shows the quantities of equipment and suppl ies sold on cash and credit to participating farmers. The crop year is generally from the spring of one year to t9e spring of the next, wi th 1 i ttle activity in the summer months. Data were derived from sector 1eve1 reports, surmary annual reports and periodic reviews of the sal es and credit programs. here differences have appsared in annual repclrts, we have resolved them through a combination of moss-checking and inspection of original records of sales. Table C-2 shows the cost price, i .o., replacement price taken from established price 1 is ts. Tab1 e C-3 shows tile r esul tant total cost item by i tern, year by year for the program from 1976-1982. The crop years selected conform 7x1 agricul tmal years during the project period under review, i.e., farmers huy supplies an
Tables C-4, C-5 and C-6 shi)~quantities, prices, and suppl iers of
--mobylett.es, -.-.--...- rwtorcycl es and bicycl es. The information was taken from suppl ier invoices and checks paid. The original documents were consulted.
ThSl e C-7, C-8, C-? and C-10 provide the ria ta necessary to calculate the i cost to the credi t program by the 'losscs incurred in the market gardening ~ocjlssales sub-pro yam.
P-C~~JS~there was no 1P82 year-end inventory, we have calculated year-end stnck by deducting total sales 1979-1982 from original stock purchesed. The tii fier ence hctveen Eecenber '82 stock and Cecern!)er '83 represents warehouse inventory losses and is not a justifiable cost to the project budget.
3. --Sunnary Results- - Cost of Credit Programs
The t&l e (Summary Pesul ts of Credi t Program) is a tabula ti on of the capi tal costs of the supply and credit programs of Cperation Mil s-llopti between 1976 and 1982. The costs shown for agricul twal equipment and supplies is the amunt reirnbur sed to the project budget by USPUD and represents seed capi tal . Addi tions to inventory were, as explained above, financed by rollovers. Not included are the costs, a total of 15,412,500 MF, of 12 grinding mills wni ch were purchased by USAID/Barnako, del ivered to the project and ul tirnately sol d on credit. Nhil e not a project budget cost, th;: purchase and sale had the effect of adding to credit fund assets, first as inventory, later as accounts receivable. The basic conclusion 5s unchanged, howeve-.
At the end of the %bulation we repat the rollover ratios, calculated as described above. SU4MkRY RESULTS
COST OF CREDIT PROGRAM
(?IF ' 000)
A~icultural Equipment and Supplies Initial Inventory Cost 354,888
---....--.XoSylo'tes, - etc. Ini"La1 Inventory Cost 48,925 Draft animals, wain inills 6,480 1-oss on Garden Tools 28,115
Cost of Credit Programs 438,408
'btes : Initial Inventory Costs are amounts reimbursed to the project by USAID. Lddi tions to inventory were financed by roll -over funds. Iiot included above are costs of 12 grain mills which were procured directly by USA ID/Mal i. Roll over Ratio Credit Funds
Agricultural Credit
Total Cost bods Sold, Cash & Credit AID Seed capital Rollover Ratio
:-loby1ette Credi t Adjusted Cost Goods Sol d AID Seed Capital
Rollover Ratio I I-'? OCO wr nu, o, GOO YY\Y C u, 0. \\a\ LC)NLnC Cr. 0-8 m
0 0 300 OCO *U3 0 c u, c.
TABLE C-4
MOEYLETTE CREDIT
MOBYLETTE PURCHASES 1976-1981 IIAL IAN FRANCS
Peyrissac. Mali
Trans Import, Fa fa DemSele I1 tI
I1 I1
I1 I1 Fik ou Lan dour; It hpe'at Fils Moharned Haidara Mohamed Haidara
Totals -993
NOTE : A1 1 Peyrissac A1 1 Fata Dembel e' Prices are net of prices are goss, auantity discount including transport usual 1 y 3,300 I4F to Mopti . per unit. PURCHASES HOIdDA MOTORCYCLES - 1981 (Ma1 ian Francs
-DATE -OTY --PRIrE ...... rOST.--.- TOTAL -----SlJPPL IER C HE OUE ---.--.- Douba ca Pa lJi co Issou Fornba Afa Savaya Boubaca Karnpo Mohc?med Hai dar a Yaya Diallo blot Identified Not Jden fi tied Ibraima Koita Yaya Diallo
TABLE C-6
BlCYCLE PURCHASES
(Ma1 ian Francs )
-DATE -PT Y llEJ IT PRICE- TOTAL COST SUPPL IER
22-1 7-76 2 0 52,377 1 ,047,540 Peyr issac 20-6- 77 1 50,310 50,310 Peyr issac 6-!2-80 -2 1 100,000 2,700,000 Mohammed Hai dara Totals -42 Total Purchases Actual Cost 19 op5~ as 273,340 ,I 25 Motor cycl es 6,010,000 Bi cycl es 1 a 197,850
Total Adjusted Cost 1.40 ~eds 253,819,825 ;lotorcycl es G ,010,000 Bi cycl es 3,197,850 PLJ~CHASE,SALE, TtIEOKETICAL I NYENTORY, MARKET GARDENING TOOLS - 1979 - 1982 (!la1 ian Francs )
.. , --..-.- . -, ...... -.- -.-.- --.---.--..*. .------. > heel Carr:,w 30,000 65 1 ,950,000 19 46 Shovel 4,000 1225 4,900,000 128 1,097 Sledge Hammer 1h ,000 197 3,546,000 1 196 Hoe 4,500 744 3,348,000 2 742 Spir; tl er Can 15,000 1922 28,830,000 9 1,913 Pick Axe 4,510 109 491 ,590 2 2 87 Rake 2,995 7 20,965 7
TABLE C-8
ESTIMATED VALUE 1962 - YEAR END INVENTORY MARKET GARDEN TOOLS
(Ma1 ian Francs )
STOCK CLEARANCE PRICE IHVENTORY VALUE
!,heel Earrow 4 6 Sh ov el 1097 Sledae Hammer 195 gee 74 2 Sprinkler Can 1913 Pick Axe 87 Rake 7 7ADl-F C-9
SALES OF E;AI?KET Ghl2DEN 70CLS 1979 - 1982
(/:a1 ian Frhncs )
*p.,..--.--.-.v--.- -.*-.-- -... . .-.-- -.-- .--.- -.-,-- -.-.. -.. - ITEM OT Y LIST PRICE TOTAL RE CE I PTS
Wheel Fhrrow 19 Shovel 128 Sledge !laminer 1 Hoe 2 Spr ink 1 er Can 9 Pick Axe 2 2 Rak e -0-
TABLE C-10
CALCULATION OF LOSS TO CREDIT PROGRAM
(Ma1 ian Francs )
Original Cost of Goods Peval ued Fina 1 Inventory Cost of Goods Sol d Total Sales
Direct Loss / The ; cr sonnel of C,petnation-.- ---.-- tlil s Mopti worked in a four-tier organization structured on a cornbirration of gcocyaphical and rcsponsibil i'cy ," consir!crations. There was a central hr-adqua- ters staff at ~evarjwhich managed the project in the Fi fth (Hopti ) Pbgion, The next lower level was the sector with a chief arid a r;mall staff; there wme sever, sectors. Each sector as divided into Zones of Development with a zone chief and sometimes an assistant: each Zone was divided into sections (secteurs de base) w:th a -*--.-chef de-- - -.base; - an exter~siona~ent working with several villages, at each section. These personnel wwe paid under three payroll budcle t sys tnms. Some were permnent civil servants on the national government p;. -011 , others were perixnent civil servants paid on the regional government payroll. The / majority were contractual personnel, employed by the Operation and paid on its own p~yroll. knerally spaking, senior personnel at the dvare' headquarters tended to be on the national payroll while at the other end extension ac2nts at the base section level tended to be contract employees. The regional payroll e~ployeestended to be scattered throughout the levr?ls in between. However, there appears to have been no hard and fast rule and personnel from any payroll system might be found at any level in the
Salary levels were established in accordance with normal rules of education, experience, responsibil ity, seniority, etc.
2. Salary and Payroll Structure
The salary of an individual employee consists, in Ma1 i, of basically four parts: a goss salary from which are deducted an income tax contribution and a social security contribution. Added to this net is a -prime or bonus. The -prime is supposed to reward the employee for poductivity, respnsibility or other extra level of performance. On the payroll will also be shown an employer's contribution, paid to the national t-~~swY, Thrs ~~alsrit~sof rer sor~rbel on tblc. rliltionol and re,laicmal payrolls were not a cblargo Iothc: CX:'! pwsclnnel budp:.t. They rep-c.l;entc~d a contribution on the part of 3e !:a1 iiin Governrwrrt to the project and are not here inclu&d as p-sonnel rmts of the 9p$c1 tion. The personnel costs that were charged to the 3414 buclcet included: the salaries of contractual p-sonnel , their honuces, i f ilqy, a~dthe employer contr ihuti on, plus the bonuses of regional and national civil ste-vant per smnel and the resul tant employer 's contribution. There were a nurrher U; other personnel costs such as for tsriporary 1abo.-ers, part-time 'inv~st~gdtorsfor polls and surveys, overtime, travel a1 lowhntes and training costs. Training costs included salaries of 4 teacbers at t6e bore Training Center, other Training Center costs and training a; lowances. Some other training costs, including salaries of both trainers and t*ainees , are incl uded under appropriate cost categories hut cannot be separately identified.
It should be noted ?ere that a1 1 personnel costs charged to the CMM budget were subject to rt ihursement by AID. As noted, the other payroll costs were consic'ered 1 GRM contr ihution.
The total cost to OW for prsonnel expenses during the period 1976-1982 is set forth in the table on personnel costs. It amounts to 576,151 ,635 Ma1 ian francs .
As the table indicates, CFlM did not pay out all the costs shown for personnel. It still has a nt.;mSer of outstanding liabilities in this ca t09ory. They represent accrued costs not reimbursed by AID at the time project financing was ternina ted and for which OYlY had no funds available. The severance payments are mos tl y for contractual pr sonnel dismissed after financing was terminated. Gross Payroll Costs t:i~ployer Payroll Tax Don uses ( r imes ) Tem por ar y+i~ Ov er ti me 11-ain in9 Eon~~sesirild A1 lowances Par t t.irrle Psl 1 s tcr s/Rclsear chcr s bath knefi ts Rc~search A1 1 owcinres Travel A1 lswances , ::iscellaneous 501-e Tr;in.ing Center Costs Ki tchen he1 p tjore' Train ing Center
To ta 1 C CISt.s Ei s b UI- sed
But I~bt Costs Incur4red--.------Disbursed Payroll deductions-literacy program Gross Payrol Costs En pl oyer P zyr 01 1 Ta x Bonuses Severance Pay orb Training Cent,er lfi tchen Help, Bore Training Center Total Incurred Costs, not disbursed To ta 1 0,114 Per son nel C os ts 576,151,635-
The above tables were developed by going through OMIY's montly payl-ql 1s for each year 1976 to 1982. Working tables were set up for each year and are in the team's working files. The following table (@4til Personnel 1976-1982) shows the devel opent of the work force over the project period. 110 a rlq u;rr tcr s
Fi el d
;lin-Ag kgional Office, Ihpti
To ta1
.-a i I;-~efinal ::at-le (Percorinel Distritlution CJIM 1982) shows U,lt11 personnel distribution ~y a:-~aof ZSS~o*rr,~r;rlt bnd ~ayrollcatogory as of 1?82. Personnel at the Min-A! -t.gisnal office in iqopti were essentially headquarters parsonnel.
PERSONtJEL DISTRIBUTTON OMM 1982
Hea dqirar ter s Yin. Ag Field / 8 SPV are-- Regional Offi ce Off,i ces -TOTAL
C, RM Budge ts Op~r,ition t' lilils Flc~ptihad three :istinct training progratns for its 1 The onc to whi ch thc~slat rwcnt of work is primarily addressed wils Ihc~training progrm for up-grading cxtcnsion agents (cncadreurs)- which took pli~c~at ore', a furiiier youth training center, located about 135 ): il m;,r t~t-sfrom %'var4 fl.11111 kll-ndquar iers on the road to Douen tra. The other two wcbre an in-house refrcst~crtraining propam for all field personnel and an on-t.hc-job training program for interns (s'hgi6res-.---- ) completing their prof?~:ional education wi :h a period of fiel d assi snrnent yior to graduation and for rna 1 imp1 oynien t .
PI 1 t~bir~ir~qwas thc resp,nsib:'l ity of the Training Division at SF/vare/ and in the fiel d. The division cor~sisted of two persons at QIM headquarters, the division chief and his assistant, plus a farm machinery training special ist at Koro, blacksmith kainers at Koro and Rankass, and training officers at each sector headqua)- tms. All of these persons were primarily enpaged in the refresher training program of courses and seminars. The division chief and his assistant also supervised, hut at a distance, the 0 training center at Eore,
2. The ~or6Training Center*
The training center at orbw was rehabil itated and equipped in 1980 and in June of that year 29 newly hired extension aaents (encadreurs ) went through a 19 day prop-am to prepare them for their new jobs. The program included cl assroom instruction in agicul tural extension, agicu?tural machinery, general acyiculture and a few hours on specific crops including vegetables, peanuts, sorghum and millet. They also spent two and one-ha1 f hours a day on practical farm fiel d work. The complete, full-time training program set up at or< wes intended to upgade extension agents already on the payroll experience and promise, from the -encadreur rank to the moniteur level and thus qualify them for a career in agricultural extension. The first such cfass, which graduated eighteen studerlts, started in July and 80. 'I,? tcrial sic~tfiedcovered the basic elemr?nts of
t3e work of iln f!xtcnsion ag~~t:pcrtnral ircyicul ture, speci fic crops, agrqi cul tural i.,achinery, t:ljvgal;ny, ayicul tural extensf on and some agricult.ura1 economics. The first ypar students were also supposed ta
I eceive instr~~clionin [ria therna tics, French and animal husbandry, These were only added for the later clzsses. The program was originally conceived as including 576 hours of formal classroom instrt~ctionand 432 hows of field work sr~rcndover six months.
The teaching staff at ~or6consisied of two teachers. They were supported 54. visiting instructors from the headquarters staff at ~Qvar;including the Trsining Division chief and bCs assistant. This system of permanent staff and visiting tr-ichers did not work well as a result of both scheduling aifficulti~s2nd the lack of teaching skills among the visitors. The tca ch in? s tz f f \;as accordingly increased to three persons for subsequent clisses in 1951 and 1982. The hours of planned classroom instruction fell short of es tab? ished goals but the hours of practical fie1d work wet-e petty we1 1 maintained. As noted, general education was negl ected but some instruction in a~icultural research, report writing and 1i teracy programs in Peulh and Dogon was added.
In response to the evaluation of the first year's program, the second class was extended to ei ght months and ran from June 7987 until February 1982. ii'i th the additional teacher it was pssible to strengthen the instruction in French, aeomeb-y and toppaphy. A third class was started in June 7982 but it ran only until September. There were fifteen students in the second class, sixteen in the third.
1. -?n-hcuse Trainina Costs
The costs of the in-house training program, all parts of it, included the salaries and primes of the training division personnel, general overhead zssiqa3le to that division, salar ies, travel and training allowances paid to participants in courses and seninaps, travel of ~e'var; sbff assigned to instruction duties, salaries, priines, travel of sector level training personnel and the repair, equippin? ana operation of the 0w;center. All of these training costs arc pro(mly consid2red personnel Costs but it has not heen possible to sc-parst~lyidentify all Or even most of them. Those that have been separately identified are set forth tw:aw. They also appear in the section of this roport rkal ing wi th pel-sorinel . The costs d(fscrihcd Iicre undrir training are not additional to those shown under personnel , they are the saw cos t.s and doubl e coun t ing shoul d he avoi ded.
There were three separately identifiable costs associated with the operation of the nc& training cpnter: rehabill tation of the structures, supplies and cquipnent and s;ilaries of the non-teaching staff. They are shown below. Xt shoul d be noted that supplies and epul pinent included both expendable suppl ies , incl ud'ing food, and equipen t such as desks, chairs, mattresses, e tc. kferring hack to the table on personnel costs, there can be noted an item called Training Bonuses and Allowances. That is for the entire OtyM training program and cannot be allocated to ..--~organd is not included in the table prese~tedhere.
IDENTIFIED BORE CENTER COSTS
Rehabilitation Su ppl ies , Equi pnen t !Jon-teaching staff TO TAL
kt included above are the trainees' own salaries, salaries of instructors, travel of visiting headquarters' staff or any share of general CfrlM overhead. To repeat, all of the above costs, identified or not identi tied, are already included in other calculations of general operating costs of ~~r/rationMils ilopti and should lot be double counted. D, The Blacksmi th Tra.ininq Proararn -...------.-..--.--.1_1_-
1. Descri ption of the Pro~i~m -- --".ewe -
In order to understand the financidl arranytwnt.~and costs of the blacksmith training proyarn it must be appreciated that this was less a training proyarn than it was a small industry development program with el rwcn ts of supply, credit dnd skill modern.iza tion. Blacksmi thing in Ma1 i is a traditional, hereditary occupation, at the village level, which rnanufactmcs and repairs simple, traditional agricul tural tools and eql~ipilontusing primi tive tools and skills. Since one of 04M's objectives was to introduce and expand the use of more modern tools and equipment, it saw tbe need to upgrade the supporting cottage industry of blacksmithing.
During Phase I of the project two persons attended a training course in agrirul tural machinery repair at the Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, IJi geria. One was, for a time, the chief of OMM's agricultural rnachinwy section; the other was later assisted in setting himself up as a master blacksmith near Bankass. USAID procured from the United States a numSer of blacksmith tools and some. steel stock. Some of this was provided to Arm dou Djibo, the smi th, for his shop at Sa garemba. The team found no evidence of indebtedness for this equipnent and it was probably a donation (see below).
Under Phase IS of the program two blacksmith trainers were added to OY11.l'~ staff, one in May 1979, the other in March 1981. Only the first was involved in the hlacksmita training course that was held in February 1980. The princi pal activity of the blacksmith trainers was never the conduct of formal training programs. They worked with village blacksmiths the way extension agents worked with pilot farmers or gcoups of peasants, advising, instructing, encouraging and supporting. They a1 so worked with DIM'S agi-icultural machinery section in programs of in-house training of extension ag2nt.s on the maintenance and repair of agricul bra1 machinery. The training consisted of cor;i?~unallybuil ding a ";nodern" workshop; learning to work \~ith hantltools clnknown to the smiths such as hand dril Is and tap and die sets; ii,aking templates for the fabrication of replacement parts for plows; a~~i-.rnSlingcarts arid forging parts.
In 1982, ;in evaluation team concluded that the training program was appropriate 6nd adequate in sc.ope and conteqt.
The costs of the training \:ere limited to the salary and allowances of the DYM trainer for one month, the cost of the ~quipnentand material used, which USAID had suppl ied, and the cost of rations for the s tuderr ts who Nere not salaried. h'e have been advised that the trainee food costs were covered by the Koro sector chief Is operating budget and provided in kind. We have not been able to determine what those costs amounted to. The c~stsof the blacksmith b-aining proFam were thus divided between the USAID and Oil.1; UZAID provided tools and material; OPl14 provided some operating costs. While the OW costs coul d not be identi fied, they were (a) minimal and (5) con ts ined in other operating costs already repwted el sewhere in this report. The total cost of all blacksmith tools and supplies, for eaining and for equipping shops, supplied by USAID from project funds but not in the M4M budget , was $103,038. The ;la1 iiln Pgr icul tural Products Office (OPRl) was crra ted in 1965 as a statc? gain rvarkct.ing rr~onopoly. Its function was to buy surplus yain ;n-odl~ction, store It and re-sell it to food or grain deficit areas. It carried out a sl.al,il iza tion function for hoth producer and consumer plict In its csrly days, OPAM dealt almost exclusively, and directly, with farr cnopc.ratives and cooperative fedcra tions. peginning in the early 1970's
CPPM began to IJS~the var.ious Rural kvelopnent Operations (ODR's) as interrwdiaries in the gain marketing p-ocess. P.l though coopet-a tfve / fedrlrations ~-ci.~~zir~edactive, the Cperi;tions bought grain, rice, corn, millet, from fa-mers or groups of farmers and delivered it to OPAM at th~ a:-I-ondissc::lent or cercle level. The ~~e/rationswere paid a fee for this -.---.---- -..------service calcala ted annually, based on support and ceil ing p-ices, and designed to cover all costs , incl ud.ing overhead, depreciation of equipner p2rsonnel , etc.
Pl though DIM was created in 1972, it did not. become involved in the marketing cf gain from its area of responsibility for several years. TI first important year was the crop year of 1975-1976 which ran, as did subsequent crop years, from November 1 to March 31. Two comments should made here: the team has not found re1 iable figures for grain marketed fr the C(41.l area for the period pior to the 1976/77 crop year; for 1975/76 1 report uses a fipre developed by the Bureau Africain de Recherches Appl iquees (BAR!) from their 1978 OIYIUSA ID contract study ; for subsequcr year s , the figur es for tonnage sol d by 0Wl to CPN-4 are OPAM's recei pts figures whi ch tend to be a bit lower than OMr4's claims of del ivery. The 1 o~erfigure has been used to avoid any overstatement of U4M's supposed earning from this proran.
Starting with the 75/77 crop year il44 became active in its marketing program, acting as OPM's aamt for most grain marketed in the area, the \litlancc? cr,ir~ing thrcwgh t.+~ci~~(~!rativ~s, tiw~ver , for ?NO YCDrS 76/77 arid 77/70, t.hcr~tlnts riot r?wm to have hisen any carefully calculated basis for reirr~btjrsirlgUIM for rnerLr.ting c.ostr,, From r1econdary sources, it would appear that (T4;1 was paid a fix~dfcr! of 5.000 P1f per ton of grain delivered t.o OPAM whether at ,-.-..ijrrondissclncnt, "...-*..- .. .. -.-.- -- -cercle ----- or regional level and grain scetrls 1.0 have been so rlcl ivered. The tonnage received by OPAt4 is known, the distances rnoved are not known. 'vhat costs the 5.U00 MF were suppos~dto cover is equally unl:nown but one can wppose from principles used in calculating costs clscwl-lo-e that they were supposed to cover all costs, hring this pxiod, the officially government fixed transport rate was 200 YF per ton per kilorwter. This was for privately and publicly owned trucks. Tke fee was scipposed to cover all costs inclujing overhead and c-'ep-eciation. It prohably did hecause sorw grain was moved in privat~ly r;~;nt.d trucks dur !rtg this wr iod. Hoviever , a fee of 5.000 ;4F per ton would root Even cover the transportijtion cost of any gain moved more than 25 kiloxters. Tiwe is no way to calculate, from information presently ;vailr;:.,le, hat ~2sthe financial impact on all4 during the years 1976, 1977 2nd 1378. Supposed earning have been calculated and are shown below. It is extremely doubtful if earnings covered costs, the best that could have 5appned is t!lat CI'4I.l suffered 1ittle or no out-of-pocket loss during those years.
ESTIMATED GROSS EARNINGS CMM GRAIN MARKETING
Crop Tons CMM Supposed -Year Received Fe e Earnings l975/76
1976/77
1!?77/78
TOTAL = 137.040.000 A najor ch;:ns took placc with the 1978/79 crop year. A barzme, or price cal culil tion, was pr-eparcd trnd appl ied to D44's marketing activity. The mar gin between what Q4M paid the farmer and what 0.11.1 was paid by OPAt4 was fi xed at 7.690 MF per ton. Theoretically, this was supposed to cover a1 1
C,!M costs for grain delivery to the arrondissement...----- level. However, some grain sc.cms to have heen del ivered to OPPM at ---cercle 1 eve1 wi thout additional recompnse.
OPR4 provided funds to @IN to buy grain, usually provided in installments. The fund receipts were noted in U4M's records but the funds were actually distributed to the chiefs of the Rural Cevelopnent Sectors (SDRs) according to estimtes of the gain to he purchased. The funds, along with grain sacks also provided by OPN4, were ul ti~atelydistributed down to the village level , to villaoe chiefs and their councils. But the distribution was not done by 0414, it was done by local administrative comnittees, including the administrative chief at the cercle and arrondissement- levels. Each village, and ul timately each producer had a quota of grain to be del ivered at a collection point for transport, by CTM, to OPE4 storay points. The funds and sacks were delivered in advance and distributed at the village or group of villages level, DIM had Seen given a responsibility without authority. Every year from 1979 through 1982 actual grain delivered by the farmers fell far short of the estimates used to distribute money and sacks. (XJIM had no way to recover from the farmers or the village chiefs but OPNI demanded the return of funds and sacks. OPAV credited U4M with earnings according to the bar2me and tonnage received. But it used this credit only as an offset to what OPA'4 claimed was a much larger a4M debt. The result on cash flow was clear. 0'114 paid out for direct costs, personnel , vehicle oprating expenses, travel and supervision, but CW4 received nothin9 in return. Even [MM G?AJN t4kRKE71NG 8 SUIJPOSED GROSS EP,P,NINGS 1979- 198O-.l981-1982
Crop Years Tons Price Fkt Plarain Supposed Earn ings ...... -*.------..--.-...... - ---.-__1__
3, Financial Conclusions
In the Project Pap- for Phase 11, there was a discussion of the ultimate financial future of @1P1. It was hoped that CF?M woul d be able to develop some revenue producing activities that woul d at some date permit a reduction in tbe need fcr external assistance. he such source of revenue was expected to be the fees for marketing services provided to OPM. It was expected that these woul d certainly exceed depreciation costs for the vehicles used in narketing even when amortized over only three years. tki tho- the Projpct Pcyeement nor any Letter of Implementation tried to spll out how QIM's earnings might be offset against operating expenses reimbursed by USAID. I;'sverthe'less sow offset, at sow time in the future, Thc tr~amwist~os l.i! c~rr~phasizethat this discl~ssion gcr; we1 1 beyond the questions poscrl in the 51d teriimt of \Jot-k. This additional discussion, here and in Annex A, is in direct rfispn:,c to wishes cxp-C'SSS'~by both USAID and the Ministry of hynicul ture that the financial impact of the gain marketing program he th~roughlystudied and pr~~ented.
A1 though Ma1 fan rural developnent organizations, such as OM, concentrated on extension, pi-oduction hnd integrated development, the p-oject had a research el emnt and some project funds for do1 1ar procurement, technical ass is tance and local currency reirnbursemen ts were devoted to research.
The International Crop Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics, New Delhi, Iridia (ICRISAT), was essentially responsible for running a research p-ogram at the no Research Center located at ~o~ro-~enie~e'in the Mopti Region. This research concentrated on millet and sorghum production including var ieti~s,methods of cul tivation, use of inputs and use of animal traction. Doll ar funding for ICRISAT was provided for in fiscal years 1977 and 1978 by Agreements entered into by REDSO, Abidjan using U4M Project 0202 funds. CMM, as an or?anization, was not involved in this funding which totallec! $150,C)O@. Eeginning in FY 1979 ICRISAT activity in Mali was funded under a separa"l2 poject.
There was a contribution from O4M operating funds to the work of ICRISAT. A well was dl;g there under the Cf.lr4 contract with a justi fied cost of 3.712.500 1 / MF. A generator, previously used at Sevare, was transfered to the research station but it lacked parts and never functioned. The Director of the Tkte Sc!ini -Arid rood Grain Research and kvelopnent Project (SAFGRAD) is, as i t~ nsrne irrdicatcs, inore a project or program than an organization. SAFGRAD \+as crecA~din 1976 by the Cnrrnission on Research Science and Technology (TSTR) of the Organization of Pfrichn Unity (OAU). The program is inti-I-nati onally suppot. ted. In the Mopti Region, the project carried out f-;eld trials on phos;t,ate fertilizer use for millet and sorghum.
Two researchers, one from March 1980 to !:arch 1981 and the other from 1981 to ?arch 1982, were funded under the p-oject and assigned to work with Olll. They were fundld under USAID Project Implementation Orders (PIO's) and Personal Se;-vice Contracts. The cost of these contracts we included as part of t~chnicalass is bnce costs in Summary Table 2. A jeep pi ck-up truck was provided with project funds, procured directly by USAID and not as a part of CIY114's operating expenses budget.
Support from the @lid budget was 1imi ted apparently to gas01 ine and oil for the vehicle, the time of certain extension agents and some fertil izer and othw inputs costing 342,000 YF for the fiel d Vials (see Summary Table 1). The sys tern of fiel d tr ial s call ed for extensi~nagents to work with selected faraps on selected sites under the guidance of the SAFERAD technician assiped to @4Y. In 1981-1982, there were 62 such sites scattered throua9out the O(4trl r~gion, hut concentra ted in the Koro and Eank ass sectors. The crop research advisor of USAID's Agricul tural Eevel opnent Office has estimted that for about five months out of a year, an extension 7. Conclusion .----".. .,. --
Pl thw~r;hOil4 made a contribution to the IC,RISAT and SAFGRAD programs, this cur~trihl~ t ion was in4ind, rep-ately i den ti fial)le only in part, and mostly ino1ucl.d in other irlnti fj~dios ts. Thcrefbre, the only just-i fied 0414
hi~dr_letc-r?~ts for the r~~s~,c,rchp-ogr. TI totalled ahout 342,000 MF.
Other than p-oject personnel time and credit program goods to some individual farmers (all elsewhere reported), there were no project inputs, hence no project costs associated wi th this program.
Infras trl~ctureConstruction Program --,-
1. ---Buil ding Program
0 The building propain for Operation 14ils-Mopti began in the early part of 1974. The main objectives of the program were to: (1 ) provide offices for the headquarters and sectors; (2) provide housing for key headquarters staff and heads of the sectors; and (3) provide protected stocag~,areas at major sectors and ZER's (Rural Expansion Zones). In most cases ,*sector offices and housing were provided by the aovernment with remodeling and repairs completed under the building propam.
The cost of major buil ding maintenance projects are included in tbe building proyarn. p,t ti,( fl+1 /I( ,~(i.juijrtclr-~ four r\rw ~I~IJSI~Fir!'tatJ huil t in 1976-77, I+rJrjit~orial work in pt~irttingilrtd cornplc~tingclm.rica1 installation was
(rlrr11tIf to3 on onp of tLle houses in January of 1978. Apparently all Tnlir of th~holrc.rs wc.rc repainted In 1979 and a fence was built to
r,t prC,=,:e thr. hnuc,es from (adch other and the office compl ex. In that
c;,rrrp yr dr, a ~n:~lrtwrr was inslalled in the office complex and water 6;s tr ;hu t ion 1 incs were instal led to conn~ctthe houses, Sanl tary fdcil itic-s wcre also added to each house in the latter part of 1981. A hnl!r,e \.;as huil t in 1974 for t.he chief of the SDR in Eoro. It is the S~ITIO plan as the houses at flW headquarters. The extra features, ki.tct~c:n and fences, were built by the people of the town with funds not rcl t2d to the project. In the other sectors wor wjs done ii: repairing and/or enlarging existing housing for sector chiefs. The ?nusing for the chief of the SDR in Mopti was enlaryed in 1975 and repairs made in 1979. A -banco kitchen and a toilet were built in 1977-78 for the chief of the SDR in Eandiagsr-a. Repairs were made to the house of the chief of the SDR in Bankass during the latter part of 1380. Finally, maintenance and major repairs were made to the house of the chief of the SDR in Cjenne in August of 1981. 2) Offices The first office was built for the SDR in Bankass in 1374-75. The office conplex for t!e headquarters of CFIM was started in 1974 with the construction of a covered garage and a warehouse which was later to becorns the main office. The concrete block fence was built around the complex in 1976. A fuel storap tank and a tvo room annex were installed in 1975. In 1979 work apparently started on converting the warehouse into office space and a small building to house a generator was buil t. The guard house was buil t in 1980 and the R. A. C. (radio) rtid 1 'IPO s1r.o sow thc ir!~,lallatianof two adrli tional fuel stor,~r~clLjnks (ir~stalledor1 the sit? of the --Brisde ---- Pistes hut for the IJC;~ of O44), rcll~(~irsonri painting of the frnce, construction of a covcrcd ~~itpi~nce,and a new glxwator hgil ding. Thc water tower was !,tril t in 1981 along w-l th the 1 ir1c.s to connect it with the office, Finally in la!?? two walls were t~uiltunder the original gara9 to provide a s;rlall storermm for the mechanic. A two room office buil t in -.banco -- was constructed in Koro in 1975. A new ceil ing and roof were added t,o an existing structure to provide office space for the SDR in Dou~ntzain 1978. Ma-intr-nance !Jas c:ompleted on the SDR office in Mopti in 1981 as we1 1 as the SDR office / in Df erine. 3 ) Xar eh ous-- es In 1974-75 warehouses were built in N' Gourni, Koro and Eankass. A major contract to construct el even warehouses was signed in 1574. Work continued through 1977 but the contracted work was never completed. Five of the warehouses were coinpleted a1 though at least one of these was considerably smaller than the plans called for. Reportedly, four of the warehouses were completed except for roof frames and nater ials. TI,e eleventh warehouse, viewed by this writer, has fallen down but was apparently built to the unfinished walls state. Despite the poor workmnship and lack of completion, the contractor was paid in full . For the 1oca tions of the el even warehouses see Table B-1. A warehouse in -banco was built for the SDR in Bandiagara in 1977-78. 4) Cther Buil dinos A Repairs \ere made to the buildings at the Centre de Formation -Prciessionnels -- at ~or; in 1980. A community center in -banco was built in Poiirou in 13G1 . A 1orill cc~ntrac't~orwas hired to pt-ovide 17ater ials and skilled lahor while thc people of tl~cvfllagc providc*d the unsk il led 1 nhor for thc co:mun ity con tcr . In 1780, thr. cngif~owingoffice of rgn-j''lr-81 prepared plans and speci fi ca tions for 49 buil dings including varfous of fires, warehouses, housing units, and one site utilities project. The request for offers was divided into 6 lots in 19 locations. Bids were opened in March of 1981. In April of 1981, ISAID asked W'P# RW to annul the bidding as the necessary fllnds were not available at the time. A previous request from USAID to pstpone the bidding procedure was not received in ti a. In July of 1383, after long negotiations, contracts were signed with -?~:niee.4~J~ral - -- to direct and oversee the work and with EGESAT to build 10 whrr4ouse-offices in the region. The construction contract was cancel led when the 0114 project was cancel led and a settlement was rcached between USAID and the contractor in :!arch of 1954 (see Surimary Table 2, footnote 2). b. -Pescri ption- of Tables Table B-1 , presented under this program, attempts to 1 ist the construction projects of the op&-ation in the order in which they were s tarted.The name of the con'iractor is 1 isted where it is known. For five of the projects, no documentation was found so the name of the contractor is unknown. Under Type of Agreement is a listing of the type of documentation found in the UilM files. Blanks occur uhere no documents were found or where the information was obtained by oral interview. Dates of signing of the various documents are included wherever possible. The contracted price, additions, and reductions were obtained in a siinil ar manner. Final price is a calculation of the three other col urnris. Addi tions and reductions were general ly formal ized in a letter It shoul rl bc no1r.d that in a111l:)s.tall of "Le contracts there were penalty cl auscs for non-compl etion of 1.hc work wi thin a given period of time. Thcre is no evidcncc that any of thcse penaltits were ever enforced. The Contracted ijork column is a summary of the title on the agreement docun~entand the location of the work. The listing of a building type with a location indicates the construction of a new structure at the given lc~cation. The F.~t-ccntageCorrrpl etec! column is an estimate of the work completed based c;n [hysical ehser\,ation or from interviews with OMM and contractor prsonnel . The next column indicates the projects actually visited by the tcsm engineer. Sizes of the projects were determined by actual measurements and/or from technical cb-awings wherever possible. Remodel ing, repairs, and maintenance project sizes are not indicated. Without knowing the conditions of the jtr3cture before the work was started it is almost impossible to de'lrmine the extent of the completed work. Starting and conpletion dates are a composite of information obtained from construction documents, con tractors, fiel d reports and payments made to conbactors. The letter in front of the justifiable costs indicates how the costs were determ.ined. "C" means tho final contract price is accepted as tho justifiable cost. "E%"is the contracted price times an estimate of the percentage of work ccmpleted. "E" is an estimated cost Sased on an average cost for similar work of the same time period. Iki dcr thc! f.ornrnm t,s Col ur:n addi tional cx pl i~nati ons are rr~ade. for rr:ir,oc!el in?, rcpa irs, and ~naint,(:nartce projects, A brief dcscript.ion of the typ:r, of wark involved is incl ud~dwhere the information W~JSava.ilable, do1 ay c . .--..Me tho -.-,.a- For the n~irjor ity of the constrc~ctioncost; we accepted the contracted price, a ft.er addi tions and reductions wwe included, These pices were cornpar ed wi th es ti rna t.es rr,a de by and wi th other prices from simil ar projects. Projects where no documents tion was found were estimated by measuring the structures and applying unit pr ices used by ~&ie--- Rural estima,tes from the S~JIII~time frame. Pepair and maintenance prices were accepted after comparing unit prices from construction projects. d. Sumary ksu1ts - Cost of Buil ding Program Amount (HF1 A. Jus ti fiabl e Costs 8. tion-justi fiable Costs 1. Warehouse in N'Gouma 2. House and hlarehouse in Koro 3. Office and Karehouse in Bankass Warehouse at Sokura 4. Office and garage in Sevare @lM 5. En1 argemen t of house in Mopti 6. Two rooms, - banco cons~uction , in Koro 7. 11 warehouses Subtotal Total Costs of Buil ding Program hbtt: Pifference botweet! what was paid and the estimated jus ti fiable costs. C ..I CI " L...... A<.. I.. "l ., L. ... :.. r, n - Y- - E- sr E."? I< c- P- -, -, "-- -, =. 7 E%*1,: --C5.1 - so-- ze-,-, .,r. -*r. ,% Thtl ota.iqinal Projoct Fi~ycr call cd for the construt:tion 460 kilorncters of Inw cost tcl(1dcr rni:ds 1~s5ngforce ircco~lnt.~i~ttiods of the _--I. f?riaadc .- des Pir.t:s koricol c)(; (Agr icul t.ural Poads Er igedc) un&r the direction of ,* - ."...... --*...... -,...... *-- Scrvicr! (!~is T~~V;IIJX~JP~IJS (E!cw Con~trt~ctionService), an organization .. -... .-..--, --- --..,*.- '. .. .-- r I ol-~;v:d under the Dir~ct,ion Kat.iona1~rles Travaux Pub1 ics (Ihtional Office . . , ... .- '.. .. -..- ---.-.-* . -- -.-.... ---.------.- of F'l~hlicI,krks) to h~lildnew roads tt,rnughout Mali. After studies p-cpiit-ed by a t.l-c,r-~s~~or-l'~tioneconomist the total length of roads to be constructed was rr!cluced to 307 k iloiiic~ters\~hile the class of roads was upyl-aded from C to B. When actual construction got into the sandy areas it bec6n1e rwr-essal-y to increase the road width and the thickness to insure st~bility. This upgraded the road to class A in ,terms of width ;nd depth a1 though the other standards for a class A road were not always 1714 t . Ppcrui ting and training of the workers lasted from October of 1976 until June of 1975. On-the-job-training was used with the workers serving as assistants to drivers, equipnent operators and mechanics working for three other bripdes of Travaux Neufs. The construction of the base camp was started in April of 1977 and, for the most part, completed in February of 1975. The building program for the Brigade base camp called for the construction of a house for the director, a small office buil ding, a warehouse, a covered mechanics ' work area, and a barbed wire fence to enclose the compound. The camp was buil d using a force account system. Labor was provided under contract with a local businessman, Rouffine ~raor& Material purchasing and del iveries , schedul ing, and supervision of the works was under the direction of the Chief Engineer. Two f~~clcto1~i15~ tun1 r, wcrc later installed withthin the crmpour~d. As / ;ho;c t,jnks wclre ir~stslledfor the erneryncy use of Operation Mil s-Moptl only, their costs Jrc riot inclucled here but are included in the building at3 1s pr 091-am of 01M. The first rclad construction campaign began in June of 1978 and completed 45 kilorn?ters of 5 m2ter width road over rocky terrain pl~s6 kilometers of 6 r~.ter width road in 5andy soil by the tlnd of the campaign in March 1!~79. From this point on the road remai'ned 6 rneters in width. A construction camp Kas installed at kfo for the first part of the campi yn. The final two months of *the caqpai gn saw the instal la ti or^ of a second camp at Bankass. In place of the LISPID suppl ied tents, which proved unsui table for the cl imate, buil dings were rented in the tobn to house suppl ies and personnel . The campaign of 79-80 began in June of 1979 and ended on 31 March, 1980. This campaign saw the conpletion of an additional 24 kilometers of road and the rehabil i'cation (required after every rainy season ) of 75 kilometers of the coinpl eted section. From July of 1980 through lilarch of 1981 the third campaign saw the completion of another 25,5 kilometers of road. A bridge was built during this campaign and drainaae pipes and gabion netting was finally received so work was started on ins tall ing these materials. CAI the later par*t of this campaign t3e construction camp was moved to Koro. The final campai m did not begin until January of 1982 because of funding problems. The funds finally ran out and the campaign ended at the end of February la82. Another 3,8 kilometers of road iqere built and 35 kilometers of the conpleted road were repaired. rr?r~st~-uctionof a r-einforccd cor~cretebridy ij.i Nornono was contracted to ;jnr! buil t hy a local private contractor. Ttle t~lalroad work c2rnpiet.ed during the 1 ife of the project was 104,3 i:ilr::i<.lr..r., and :.he re!;shilitat:ion of vclrious scgwnts totaling 110,2 k i1 C)r:i? t.~r s . The pl-cbyram fell short of its pliinned objectives. There was a delay in start-up clue to a lack of a decision on what to build. A proper socio-nccmornic analysis was not completed and a final decision was not made un tail Gctober 1977, ten months after the program was supposed to start. The original equipnent ordered was not adequate, not appropriate for the conditions, and was late in arriving. Equipment maintenance was ineffective hecause of a lack of spare parts (unavailable, no storage facil ities, and 1 imited budget) and the lack of ability of local suppl ier s to provide servicing support. Cash fl ow problems between the Brigade, Q4M, and USAIC can account for at least two years of inactivity. The late arrival of construction materials such as corrugated metal pipe and aabion netting further delayed implementation. The Brigade was organized into seven units or teams. The ~nitgservice (Service Unit) was the administrative team and consisted of the Director, his Pssistant, the accounting, secretarial , and warehouse personnel as well as the medical and kitchen staff. The unite* tqecanique (mechanics team) was responsible for the repair and maintenance of the equipnent. The remaining five teams were production units. The team were as fol1 ows : Pl2:ailcd r~:lrithly rcprts wcrc, p-craved by the Circxtor of the fkigade. Thcse rr-pwts indicated the ar wnt of work accompl ished, tfle util ization of t~quij.ruc:nt, ;~:-sc~ir1~1inputs, (~ndr~aterialsused. These reports were sr~ntto VIP 1:cqd Offi ccs of Travi~uxt!eufs fn Pamako where they were ih~~lc~d,on-~ite Tnsp~ctions wve lilac%, and cost studies were made. su;..- ,l,l,ary-. quarterly reports were prepared and sent to U4M and USAID. These r pp3r ts clisc115c.edthe work accompl ishe4 and problems encountered. P dp ta i1c-d rc! por t was pub1 ished in September 1981 when the Chef de --Er iaa de was rep1 aced. This report su,m~arizedthe status of the road proFam and includsd inventories of all equipment and materials. b. kscription of-- Tables Table R.l l ists the costs and expenses incurred in the operation of the Bri gade from its start in 1976 until the termination of the project in tbvemher of 1982. The table gives a yearly breakdown of the costs in five major cabgories: personnel , equi pmerlt, construction, achinstration, arid 044 direct payments. Not included in Table R.l are the initial purchases made by USAIC and 0'114 for vehicles, tools, equip-nent, and office and househol d furnishings. Also not included are the yearly personnel costs paid by the Government of Ma1 i and the control and inspction costs incurred by the administration at Travaux Neufs. The individual categories listed in Table R.l are described below: 1.N.P.S.: This ir, ir !ot ial ir~rur-itytr:r paid to the Iristi tut National / rl;) Pr r VO~~I~Icc Co r ia 1 ? . !.G.R.: Ir.$t f7.n6-al iur 1c Frlvenu is tsc national income tax. I. G. R. P,D\'AI;TAGES: TI1 is is the Srlcc:r;le :.ax paid on the bonus money r ~cpivod by the ! ii ;li CI'F~~~S. F. N.L.: Govwnwnt law rr-q~iresthe ;.ajfrnent of a tax to the Fond t'i tional de Logcrrient (I'a tional Hnus ing Fund 1. SALAIRE MANOEUVRE, I.N. P. S. KANOEUVRES, I.G. .R. MANOEUVRES: These are salaries, social security and income tares paid for day laborers hired during the road construction periods. CAPITAL DECES: These were death benefits paid for a driver killed in an automobile accident while on duty. II19MNITE DE DEPLACEMENT: Expenses for transporhtion, food, and lodcjing were paid for employees traveling on official business. A large nuder of trips were made to Earnako to purchase supplies, materials and spare parts. Because of a lack of an adequate comnunication system, additional tri ps to 9a;nako were required to discuss administrative and accounting problems. Travel expenses of Travaux bkufs staff visiting the Erfgade on official business are also included in this category. INDBNITE DE LICENCIENENT: This is the severance pay required, by law, to be paid 'Lo tbe enpl oyees terminated when the project ~LScancelled. ?ir;ic wdical carp k;ii? 21so pr-ovit'ed free to the workers. Sorne qf the rrr dirirrr)~were ~*nvirl~~dhy the Goverriirient under the I.N.P.S. system but ;~('dit~onal su,ip? ic%s \ifre rtquired and thelr costs are included in this CO? tr gcry. J-Oisc4Ai10N: This indicates the costs of the rental of equiplent used in tAe tra-ining of the workers from October of 1976 to December of 1977, fhlsr ips ?aid to the tr~incesare indicated in Sala ires Permanents.-- Some "~JETdiem" costs are indicated under -~ndemini t; de De>lacement. No other ti-aining costs ape rep~rted. MANOEUVRES DIVERS: This indicates the costs of overtime work paid to the day 1 aborers. PIECES DETACHEES: This indicates the amount of money spent, hy year, on spare parts for the veiii cl es and equipment. These parts were cenerally us~dby the mechanics unit for milintenance and repair. No at-empt has been made to place a value on any spare parts remainiug in the warehouse. ENTRETIEN MATERIELS: This shows the total costs , by year, of repairs and maintenance worr co:npleted by "outside" businesses. This item includes repairs to the heavy equipnent and vehicl e rrxiirs for which the Brigade didriot bave the tools or experier~ceto dc themselves. Also included are tire repairs. MATERIEL bE CONSTRLJCTION: The type of i tcrns costed h~reinclude ct nlent , sand, !pave1 , reinforcing s tee1 , lumber, electrical fittings, plurnbirlg, ~tc.There remains a sr~~allstockpile of thclse rr~aterialsfor which no vall~efibas hcen detr:rrnint.d. TRAVAUX (KAIN-D'OEUVRE): This incl udes the costs of the contract labor used in huilding the base c.:~inp iInd other day laborers needed from time to time. Cay lilhorers were hired for loading and unloading various ma tcrials i:nd sr~pplies and their cos tz are included elsewhet-e. OUTILLAGE DE CHANTIER: The purchase price of small handtools used in the building and maintenance projects is included in this item. The value of the tools remaining has not been determined. FOURNITURES DE BUREAU: This includes the cost of office suppl ies such as paper, pens, etc. It also includes the costs of printing the various quarterly and annual reports. INYESTISSOYlENTS (EQUIPMENT): A1 though U4M provided some office furnishing, it was necessary to make some additional purchases. Some typewriter and calculator costs are included here as well as some kitchen suppl ies for the canteen. DIVERS: This category covers the costs of micor ptty cash items such as telegams which are reqdired in running an operation of this size. A large item included in t+is category is the cost of hiring laborers for the loading and unloading of materisls and r.uppl ies. VIGNETTES: The Gr igade~Lars i111d trllck s werp reyistcr~dannually. The casts ;!re 1 isicd here rather than with the other equipment because they were paid directly by 0414 and did not go through the accounting system of the Br i ?a de . ASSURAIJCE: Jnr-ul-arrce of vehicles was also paid directly by O4M. The reported ccrsts are 1 ist~d here to indicate yearly operating costs hut * they t-,ave alr t-,rfy hc-en acrnun ted for under the acfninistrative support costs of U.l;!ll. The records indicate that only 2 trucks were fnsured in 1978, 2 cars arid 9 trucks in 1980-81, hJo eviCer,ce was found that claims were filed on either of the two vehicles destroyed by accidents nor, in fact, that either one was insured. DEPENSES PAR ANtJEE: 'The final category shows the total costs of the road program by year. Table R.l also 1 ists in the column marked, IMPAYEES, the outstanding debts by ca t.e gory. Table P-2. FARCOURS ET COR.SQ.lMATION DES MATERIELS 1ists the vehicles and eauiprnent used by the Brigade. The total number of kilometers driven or h~ursused and the total amount of fuel used are a1 so given for each vehi cl e. The fuel consumpti on ra te was cal cul a ted to compare wi th reported consumption figures for similar vehicles. Detailed monthly usage and consunption fi'gures are available from the Brigade in their rep~rtsentitled Tableau d'lltilisation du Materiel. Total fuel usage compares with the tab1 cs in the quarterly reports. Table R-3. PLRSOI:t!EL ENPLOY4ENT SUVlARY, is a summary table showing the nunber of employees in each grade and the total man-months of A review was made of all qc~arterlyana annual reports to understand the history of the pr-oyrnm. The report prepared to facilitate the change of Crigar" directors in 5r-pternber, 1981, was also studied for detailed in Tor r;u ti on . The rxmthly t.ables prepared on vehicle and equipent usage were used to verify thaz fuel consuiription and usage was reasonable. Table R.l was prepared using copies of the original invoices sent to OMM for justi fi cation of expenses. The copies are available for review at Travaux Cufs and the originals are at 04M in ~&arcf. The listing of outstanding debts was compiled from documents on file at Travaux Neufs. Vehicle resistration fees were calculated from the official schedule in Tab1 e VC- 3. d. -Sumary Concl us ion The total cost of the road buil ding program was 544.645.953 F1F plus direct USAID p~rchasesof $1 .602.170 for equipment. The hidden costs of the program, not included in the figures above, include Govwnment of Ma1 i paid staff (approximately 228 man-months ), ahinistrative costs of 0\1M and USAID, and the costs incurred by STN for administration, supervision, and inspection of the works (World Bank allows a fiaure of 5-10% for these costs.) Of the total crlsts, 448.490.197 tllF are reported to have been paid and/or advc,r~ccd to the Br:garle by QdM, leaving a balance of 96.164.738 MF. Tr avilux L'eufs claims tht un;laid costs are 95.838.440 MF. The difference cnul d only be r esol ved by a comp1et.e Audi t and the team has no comnent: on this relatively minor differ~nce. *. *t> I?l,P r,, r,, u., r:, I(?? .-* c.7 fd .v L r< c:;lrd 2 2 Y;; % 1-1 m P- M- i.; IV U* C- I-, ,-. - m C I-. M u7C ?1 T- LC U>U,C?~OIL~'CGC GC'IN r c-,n- - .-a -rt. - =I- 17. Y*U,t5. N-Z am m 91- OLD N~OI N Lnlh ul0b)OO WCOOO NLnhCLn ma-0-..... - m dola C,'D.'= -1s mma chCO owm UW~~J~WTI rm* Litt-cs 0275 Peuc~~ot404 E;lr~cht:rz E 20.103 0552 \.androver E 113,594 0576 landrover Ba nc11c.e E 13,261 0604 I .H. Scout Pick up E 7.231 I1 13 Jeep Pick up E 1.700 Land 1 E 1 ,980 Divers et Irroruvus E 7.922 70.79-rL 352a Hino CJ212 14.409 U5?5 Hino CBZ12 38.588 05C6 Hino C5212 35,527 0537 Hino CB212 24.090 C567 Eerl iet L.643R 17.026 95tS Berljet L648R 27.269 riel2 serl iet GrZH 260 22.138 XI9 Eerliet GBH 260 38.882 0271 I.H. F 1954 0 0212 I.H. F 1954 2.128 0538 Hino C5212 Fuel G 17.588 U529 Hino C6232 Water G 26.182 1023 I.H. F1954 G 170 0275 I .H. F1954 G 450 0276 I.H. F 1954 G 0 0562 Savien G 5.300 1084 I.H. Lowboy G 700 B1 Caterpillar Bulldozer D6 G 68.134 92 Caterpillar Bulldozer D6 G 3.708 G1 Caterpillar Niveleuse G 25.012 G2 Caterpillar Niveleuse G 43.457 Char 1 Fiat-A1 1 is Charpeuse G 24.784 Char 1 Fiat-A1 1 is Charqeuse G 17.052 Corn. 1 Gallion Compactor G 0 Onan Groupe El ectroghe G 7.502 Sernard Moto Pompe G 228 Leroy Sonrmer Elect Lavage - Vosa Elect. Soudure - Inaersol. Rand CompresseurG 494 Richier BGtonniire G 0 Divers et Impr6vus G 8.684 Rotes----- : 479.502 "Records are not available for Rpri 1 1981 to December 1981 and f rorn !+arch 1982 to the end of the program. As these are periods where funding was not available it is assumed that useaqe was negligible. . 1. Various Vehicles on Loan From OMM. r :1J cr >-.c 4E GZ -3 Ern a c7 I- I n~ CldW OE LJJ OL > -1 C El J --I 54 village wells for dor:icstic iind livestock uscs, This actfvlty wtls continued under Phase I I. l!?gotiatior,s were erltcred in10 and a contract signed between CFlM and contract - ----..ation ion---.- Pui------ts. The called for the construction of two wells to a depth of 35 i,icters mch in the Rankass sector and two wells to a depth of 50 rwters each in the Koro srctor. Each well was to have a short concrete 1 i p around the top, a concrete slab, and two animal waterjng troughs. A1 though ~n&atiun Pui reqt~cs llSAID of -.. ------.-- .-- ts tad financing construction equipment and vehicles, this did not appear to have been approved and the equipment was nst purchasr.d. tiork star t.ed in mid-December of 1977 and proceeded slowly. Two of the wells were completed in July of 1980 and the final two were not co3pleted until September of 1989. Realizing the need for a more productive program, the General Directorate of Pydraul ics and Energy, in April of 1978, proposed a program of photogeol ogi cal and geophysical surveys combined with exploratory small diameter drilling to determine if the quantity of water were sufficient for exploitation. The proposal was to complete 30 we1 1s in 30 months with an average depth of 30 meters. This proposal was never approved and funded. Instead of the Hydraul ics Services proposal , a private contractor was hired to drill the we1 1s. In bcember of 1579 a contract was signed hetween a4N and Mali Faua-Viva for tf,e drilling of ten wells and the installation of pumps, The contract's maximum cost was 65,750,000 MF. The detailed cost break down was as foll om: Conpl eteJ we1 1s (h 75,000 I4 F per meter Dry we1 1s (? 38,000 MF per meter 5 "Vercyet" pumps Q 400,000 MF each The renaining five pumps, Rcbbins and bber, were to be suppl ied by USAID and installed under this contract as part of ,the completed well price. 'T~C final effort under the well diqqiny. . proyrilm was the installation of a photovol t~ ic il;rr/t,rc~d pc~rrrp at an cxis ting we1 1 In Dankass. The civil works ,#ii1re c.on:~.i~c?ed in ,Ir~neof l?e0 i~ndthe pump installed by the suppliers in k tvher of 1 1HO. A1 though plans and estimates had bcen prepared for the .installa tion of a water tower and a distribution system, this work was not don.. Table K-1 lists the wells dug urir'ur this program by sector. The date of termination, rl~~J70dof digging (hand or drilled), total depth, well capacity, rest level, and type of pump installed are also listed. llnder Chserv3 ;ions is a brief 1 isting of addi tional works huil t in ------, .- connection wi th the we1 1s. Table I.!-? indicates the related costs of each well and its various corn ponen ts . Annex E includes more detailed information on each well. 3. M~thodology For the drilled well s the costs are c1 early defined in the conbact with Mali Aqua-Viva. These contracted figures >;ere used in determining the total cost of each well . The Ma1 i Aqua-Viva contract had a fixed total $rill ing d2pth of 845 meters. The actual total drilled depth was 1,055 meters. The extra 210 meters was not charged for, so the total amount paid to i4al i Aqua-Viva was 43,339,500 YF. P total of I? wlls were constructed under this program. Of these, 9 wells l~i^(lduc(.dwa tw. Tt~r-c~chiir~d pumps and one cl ectr ic pump were instal led. A col ar pimp b,as in5tall ed in an existing well . The total jus ti finble costs of the well dig~ingprogram were 77 ,597,026 MF. ------..-Actual h~lomtPaid Justi fiable Costs Hand-dug well s 35,045,740 t4F 27,171 ,706 %F Drilled wells 43,339,500 f4F 47,394,500 M F Solar pimp installation 2,630 ,P20 F1F 2,630,820 PlF 81,016,060 MF 77,197,026 MF J. Adrnin is tra tive Su~~ort 1 . -Cost Components a. Vehicle Operation and ?laintenance The UWl Project extended over a large area where comnunication distances were long and roads fair to non-existent. One village, Dianangourou, requires two or mare days to reach by 4-wheel drive vehicle, partly over a road1 ess track. The project area increaJed from 41 ,124 square kilometers in 1375 to 70,750 by 1980; the number of Developnent Sectors from three to seven; the Rural Development Zones from 20 to 45 by 1982; the Base Sectors from 75 to 252; and villacys serviced, from 527 to 1550 (See Annex V-1 1. The range of distances Sebceen ~&are'and the seven ,., , *. I ,A' 1 : c- t! L- ,-, . <--, b? : .s r-- ..- ; ,: , ti' <-.- P .. ? ...... -: .,, <"'I 7. c. , r-. f, {< t,., .,, .s . 70 i:..r;v;~j~ ~-~~::?:ir.:.~vvifr:s, tc30 4j:fp-f-r)t ;-1:anS Of trSr15pOrt were r:s~Cf. TE-f : or [1,,01 gi~.ri-f~r' ~+r vchi~lc-s f i ~r~d~:cc-(;, ;nt:.v.nat lorial ?c~ut$,etc. ), r?diurn and ~E~VY fl fl :I~-LJCLS. TP~: r,t.?;,3q. wer~used chieflay heb~cenI:opti , Spvare and Bamako, :.i~ougCI c.<,i:an f.:vc; c pncfnt 5ecl.or-s roul d be reached wi 'ih them. Four-wheel drive v&;clos b:we used in t?e Pro?;eL: area as far as the lkvelopent - ;ones and ~01;r.i f.-;ws heyond to Dase S3ctors and even attainable villaaes. rach cf the sevcn sector chiefs was assigned one such vehicle. In addition to supe~visionof his s~ctor,he was required to make at least one mmthly tvip to s&are' to attend a meeting of sector chiefs and for vehicle mintonance. Several such vehicles were also maintained at ~{var; hcadquzrters for travel into the Project hr pa. The trucks oprated wherever del iveries and grain collections were required, ofterr over sandy and di fficul t terrain . For personnel below division chiefs at ~ i i ) Ir?su)-ance: Ifi 1975 vehicle insurance became obl iga tory. The P&.-ation ini iially irlstred both its nutor fleet and its -n~ohjlettts. - i978, mobyl insurance was and notor insurance extended lr, --.-- ette -- dropped to full coverage (4ssurance tout risoue), at substanti21 expense. ------em- irtsurdnce on nutor vehicles of hcth 0114 and Road Brigade was paid by 04M. b charge was rnsde to the ---Sriaade, The insurance carrier was "Cm~agnieNa tionale dlAssurance et ~&ssurance" (C. N. A. R. 1. Accident insurance was recovered by @1M on three total wrecks and repairs to some d3maged vehicles were re~rtedlyarranged and p3id for by C.N.A.R. iii ) 3aintenance and Gepairs: Maintenance of a large fleet operating in the &&ation 's terrain is, at best, difficult. The op There is no rational explanation for this ON4 pol icy, the net result of wilich is a large stock of unused spares currently on hand, for which the salvag, value is unknown (see Annex D. Y-4 - C!4M Inventory, dated February 29, 1984). To determine whether such purchases by OMM were necessary, the procurement and motor pool chiefs at 0~6rationRiz Mopti (OR+I) were consulted. The financial controls at Om do not permit large purchases. Stocks of some parts (those best purchased in Eamako ) never exceed a threemonth supply. Other parts are purchased locally as ne2ded. OPI.1 was unable to provide standards on parts usage for their vehicles, many of which are similar to those in the alhl fleet. v) Fuel for vehicles , motorcycl es and mobyl ettes: With the exception of some Diesel trucks and three I.H. Diesel pick-ups acquired in 1981, (X4l4's f1 wt was gnsc)l inc lkwrcrcd. This inrr~as(?dfuel cos tS e;uhr.tdj;?tiallyas thc pr :re of nirsel fuel In Ma1 1 is ahnut 30% lower than ttlrlt of 9i~i;~iljne. rnll',ol in(* was the highest opcrnting r?xp:nse of the iintor pool, Its allocation, dir,trftwt.ion and control rcqu5rr.d ct)rnplcx procodur~sand OvfM tr :cd rrlilrry ways in an cffor t to contafn fuel co~t4. Gasol ine was notld~dat 04f4 hca dqu~tws , at the kvelop~~cntSectors, Zoncs dnd Sectors and on the road oetween / / Sevarc md par~iako. The fall owing incasutes were Ins ti tuted at various times d~~ringthe 1 i fe of the Project: - Cash purchases were 1 imi ted to emergencies. These were reimburs2d at 0414 from petty cash. - Coup3ns (bons)-- far unspci fied amounts, good for credit at the TOTAL stations. After the purchase, the amo~~ntwas written on the couFnn and stub or duplicate coupon. The original coupon remained wi th TOTAL and the 7, tub or dupl ica te was returned to 01M for future verification of TOTAL invoices. Later, a 1 imit was put on the amount of fuel which coul d he purchased wi th a coupon. - Prepaid hooks of tickets (or pwhaps purchased on credit) for stated amounts of fuel were qssued t~ drivers. - In the Project areas where no fuel pumps existed, fuel was purchased from local deal ers and reported on Sector expense reports, but the price was considerably higher than at service stations where gas01 ine prices are uniform throughout Ma1 i (Diesel fuel prices are augented by the cost of transport). - To overcome the higher local prices and potential abuses of all these procedures, fuel tanks were installed in ~e'var<, and fuel from these was trucked in drums to distribution points in charge of Sector and Zone chiefs. Vehicles were expected to obtain fuel whenever possible from the central tanks at ~&ar<. - k d 1- - w -# # p,c, led to monthly k il orne tr allfl and fuel consc~mption sheets (~~1-ev< - ,lus ti fica ti f Kil or;@tr ique hsC~n~ominati~n~ ) by the Sector and e- I__U..-. -____. . I------..*-- ....A-- Division Chiefs and turrwd over to the Transport Chief at the -- monthly weting of Sctor Chiefs. the From these, the Transport LC- Chief prepred a Monthly Fuel Corlsumption Sheet (Situatisn - -- 1 tknsuelle--..---- de-..------Consommation 1, cal cula ted and added, from current -.- . ... w prices, the fuel costs. Later, he posted this information to an I Annual Fuel Cons~mption and Cost Statement (Situation-- Annuelle- de -A Consor.rrna tion) showing, for each vehicle, fuel consumption by -- .--- ..- J months, t~talconsumption and cost. The information was very I- complete. From an examinatim of several statements, the data appeared usually to be consis tent. It is not known what use was - I :I ma de of these s ta tenerr ts for control 1 ing fuel expense. - i - Several efforts were made to allocate monthly fuel quotas for each vehicle. This proved difficult because of the non-uniformity of - I terrain and distances. A1 locations were also made for mobylettes; both in the field and at (r4M Headquarters. At Headquarters, the -- I number of recipients and the allocations oscillated up and down, probably in relation to appeals and counter conb-01 efforts. These r 4 - a1 1oca ti ons ceased in 1982. - Fuel for Diesel vehicles was hand1 ed in the same way but was easier - to control as t'le number of recipients was far 1ess than for - - gas01 ine. A - I3 vi) Fuel for generators: Two Diesel generators were used at the Sevare A Headquarters. These powered the office and (MM residences. The C first, a small 25 -kw Lister, operated from the time the office - v- - I Diesel fr~elwas stored in a 1000 litrc tank next to the machine and transfcrrc2d rnanually to the ycneratar 's tank, Detailed consumption records were kept for some time by the Chief Mechanic (Chef- ---..d' Ate1 icr--- ), The machines functioned on a regular schedule, 16-112 and 17 hours/day, respectively. vii) Lubricatingoi'ls: Lubricatingoils for motor vehicles and ynerators were bought in two liter cans, stored for use and distributed as needed to the Sectors and Zones, Like spare parts, purchasc,~were rather erratic in volume. 5. Office Suppl ies- The op&ation had the usual requirement for office suppl ies, paper, pencils, ha1 1 -points, reproduction paper, account books, etc. All of these were a charge to the CtlM operating budget, hence reimbursable by AID, and procured informally from normal local suppliers on an off-the-she1 f basis. Suppl iers were the comercia1 firms, mostly in Bamako, engaged in the distribution of such material. Prices were the normal market prices. Ftb attempt has been made to break that category down 'into sub-components, i .e., paper use, for example. For' this routine, supply operations exwndi tures are assumed to equal justi fiable costs and vice versa. Cost figures have been derived from examining purchase orders, bank check stubs and cash vouchers indicating suppl ier, goods supplied and amount paid. c. Other Administrative Costs At this late date it is not possible to determine what were the precise requirements for other administrative support to the fie1 d and hoadquar ters of O4M for the period 1976-1982. However, the kinds of Actual chdrgos \we detc~rrninedby a review of original accounting hcunmts iind records. These charges reflected cw tain historical events; for example, 0114 moved in to its new headquarters in 1979; this shows up in the accourits for installation expenses. The GRM changed its rental plicy for official housing of middle grade officials in 1981 (the accounting records show this 1. In some cases the team fel t that cer tnin charges actually paid did not represent jlrstifiiible costs. This was true of pub1 ic relations costs including fairs, exp3sitions and signboards, These costs were reduced by nearly 24 million tllalian francs. Back-up tables for the cost summarized in the Other Administration Costs Table are in the team's working papers. They were carefully reviewed to avoid double counting and were related directly to the op&ationls numbered accounts. 2. Cost Estimates a. Veh icl es and Diesel -El ectr i c Csner ator Opera ti ons Tab1 e VC-I* (Operating Expenses of the Motor Pool , Motorcycl es, Yob.vl ettes and Diesel -El ectr ic Generators , 1976-1 982) sunar izes the operating expenses, paid by CM#, for all ohration vei~icles, including motorcycles and mobylettes, as well as the generation of electricity at ~&ar; for offices and residences. Knerever possible, the expenses * VC Tables 1-15 are presented at the end of this chapter. i)Vehicle registt-stion fees (Vignettes):.... - -.-- Table VC-2 (Registration Fc% of CC4 Vehi cl ?s ) shows the cal cula tions of registration fees for the years 1978 to 1982. Prior to 1978, registration of OM vehicles was free. The fee is based on official horsepower ratings of each vehicle, not tr, be confused with engineering or sales horsepower. The official horsepower ratings for all aYlM vehicles and the registration fee scale are shown in Table VC-3 (Official Horse power and Regis tr-a tion Fee Scale ). The to ta1 shown in Tab1 e VC-2 is the justifiable cost. Thc actual cost may have been lower as DIM is be1 ieved to have declared a lower than official horsepwer ratings to the Registry Office for scme of its heavy bucks. The accounting record of regisbation fees was not obtained. ii ) Insurance: Insurance expense is shown in Table VC-4 (Vehicle Insuranrs). It was obtained from the general ledger and, according to the Chief of D.A.F. (Administration & Finance Division), compared with invoices from C. N. P.. R. and insurance sbtements yepared from these. bb effort was made to calculate insurance premiums analytically. It would have required considerable time at DE\'l:I.OI'.\II~XT ASSOCIATES. ISC. - iii ) '4air1L:rri:nce and Repairs: The annual and total expfnse fs shown in Tab1 tz YC-5 il4clintenance and Repairs of Vehicles 1, drawn from ~e gcr:cral ledger, This, presur!@bly, incl udcs any outsfde repafrs mde to :Ire senera tors. There was no way of developing a jus ti fiiiblc cost by analytical medns. iv) Vehi cie Spare Parts and Tires: The cost of annual and total purchases of parts and tires is shown in Table VC-6 (Purchases of Spare Parts and TSres), drawn from the genera: ledger. To determine the net cost, the salvage value of a substantial remaining inventory (Annex D, V-4, Physical inventory dated 29 February '1984) shoul d, if possible, be determined and deducted. Cil and fuel fil ters for the genera tors (estimated quantity for the Caterpillar are 48 and 20, respctively) and any necessary parts are, preslrrnably , included. v ) Gasol ine and Diesel fuel for vehicl es , motorcycl es , rnobyl ettes and electric generators: This was the largest expense item in the vehicle and generator operation. It is shown by cost elements in Tables YC-7 & 8 (Cost of Fuel used by OMM - Gasoline - Diesel 1. For tunately,records exist by means of which actual consumption could be determined for all the cars and trucks over a three-year pw iod. These Here then analytically projected for other years. !?.cords of some mobylette allocations were avail able and reasonable estimates coul d be G de for other rmbyl ettes and for motorcycl es . The iirialytical s"ctid,y was mde from ?he follo\v.ing documents (see Part €-la (v) Fuel for v~hicl PS.. . .otc. ): - ':r.l~ith!y Fuel Con?:~r:ipt: on She~ts(Si tu;~ti on !?ensue1 1 e de Consornma tion ) --- ..*-----...-- ---,--- - Fnrlual Fuel Consu7pti on Shee t.s (Si tua tion Annuel le de Conscmrnation I ----- .-I- - ':'e5icle inventories made at various tiri~~s. - A veh.ic1e historical 103 prepared post-facto by the current Transport Chief. In addition, and especially during the initial stages, the memory of the Chief of lnventory Accounting was most helpful. Later, as the analysis progressed, memory fi gures were adjusted when actual data was found which sometimes differed from memory. The analysis, made by an ad hoc comittee, proceeded in the manner ,,hewn be1 ow. The comittee was chaired by t!e Chief of Procurement (Chef de L' Fpprovisionvernent), assisted by a mmber of the study team. First: A paphi cal-his tori ca1 chart of every vehicle assi gned in any way 0 to thc erati ti on (Chronol ogie Histor ique des Vehlculas .. . ) - (Working papers ) was rmde. This was mde on three mu1 ti -column accounting work sheets with the following vertical columns: 4. Il1:ional or F+1 rrcgistrstion n?r~Ser, Most 1T rcgistriltions were cvr~ntual 1y changed to FM. ( Re pub1 ique du Ma1 i ) 5. %nth and year of acquisition, 6-14. ?prating years from 1976 to 1884. 15, P~riodof vehicle activity ('1976-1982) in months. 16. nrt te and rpason for iirin~obilization of vehicle, it.s disposition or p-qent Iccdtion. 17. A1 1 oc.a tion (i .e. Director, Division Chief or service, Sector Chief, etc. ) 18. Principal use. 19. kiginal purchaser, i .e., GRM (some early vehicl es ); 0114; USAID. Horizontal arrows were drawn for each vehicle in the appropriate columns (6 to 14) from the time of its availability to its immobil ization (or, in a few cases of vehicles still operating, to the end of December 1984). From these arrows, the useful project vehicl e 1 ife (bebveen 1976 and 1982 only) was counted in months of av~ilability for each of the 66 vehicles 1 isted in column 1, and entered in column 15. This historical, graphical and statis tical table provided, initially, a reasonably accurate history of every vehicle. As the analysis continued, vehicle 1 ife was adjusted from usaqe data derived from the other previously 1 isted records. The historical-statiiitical table thus became an almost histo~icallyaccurate reference document for each vehicle. Second: Using the records already cited and other avail aSle information, and referring to the historical-statistical table, the committee rl~velopda Cost and Sgwating Expense Table for each year in which complete data was available, namely 1979, 1980, 1981 (Annex D, V-6, ~octs et dpenses de Fonctionnement des v&icoles).- The partial data Tnird: The k il:lr,,~'xaae, average fuel consumption and cal cuia ted fuel pr ice were i;~: thodi ca 1l y examined ar~d compared with conzu:nyt ion 5 tandar ds. A tab1 e of average fuel consuViption standards had previously tleen prepared vith information from O4M, Compagnie Ma1 ieme de Developnent Textila (C?DT) and OR4 (Annex D, V-7). For I.H. vehicles, standards tJere available only from OIll.1. Averages from the three sources were very simil ar. Some annual k ilometrages for headquarters sedans appeared excessive (up to and even over 60,000 Km.) and were questioned. The explanation given was frequent project business trips to Bamako. Fb adjustments to these figires were made. Most fuel consumption figures compared favorably with those in Annex D, V-7, although there were a few ohvious errors (odarncters often ceased to function andkilometres may have been estimated). A few consumption figures were excessive, notably for Peucyot sedans and some I.H. grain trucks. There was no explanation for the former other than that travel to Bamako was made at high speed. For the trucks, which often carried f~~eldrums to the fie1 d, difficulty of control was t!e reason given. The calculated unit price of fuel related well to a schedule of fuel prices, dlso previously prepared (Annex D, \I-€!) except for a few of the Diesel vehicles, where the i ., Xesel engines were identified by a capital D in column 2. I Fifth: Ttw c~lt;:~ns ;n all six tablcs (1976-1381) wcre totalled. For l!d7?-1?81 the ;1ve;'6? aatilal vclhicle use in relation t~ its theoretical avail abil ity was c.orls 1s htly very nearly 80% Therefore, the k ilowtrap, fuel cons:~mptionand cost for the extritp3lated years 1076-la78 were adjusted to 80% of the estimated values (which had p-eviously Seen calculatrd for the tobl period of each vehicle's availability). Sixth: Vehicle use ill 1982 fell dramatically. Therefore, extrapolation figures would not be valid. For this year, actual purchases of fuel were used in establishing the total fuel consumptfon and cost. Seventh: Annual totals for vehicle avail abil ity , usage, k ilornetrage, fuel cost, averap consumption and price were sumarized in Table VC-9 (Distance and Fuel Consumption by CI.IR4 Motor Pool Vehicl es-Cars and Trucks) and transferred to the two summary tables for gasoline and Diesel fuel, respectively: Fuel costs of 0.1Y Gas01 ine and Fuel Costs of mfl Diesel Fund (Tables VC-7 and VC-8). Eighth: Fuel c~tfor rmtorcycles and mobylettes were calculated in three categories and are shown in three colunins and-a total by year in fr-om t11c CflM ;(r :onr~r.l r~t,>i yled to the ~"PCtor's s ir3ce it was U4Vpol icy to to1i11:ln 2 of Tahlc VT-19, Ppplying an estimte of 30 litrer, per mobyl~tJe- IL ri ililnth I\vhich allcwvrf ahout 1700 Km, of uie/nlr)nth at an average of 40 I'rn/l ) trj tal rno5yfcltt~rclnsuiription is rhnwn in colunm four. An estimate - ---- * .- of 40 litr-~~s,'rwnthwas .applied for tbe tcn mall motorcycles assigned to d.:-pi~ty!;r.ctor chiefs and tr-diners. IimQuar ters consumption was obtained frcm act~~alrecords of allocations in TaLlc VC-11 fSunmary of Fuel A1 1or.d tinnr. to tir-arl~ua,-t~$rs rcrscrlncll of U1Y - ':r!l!lr.ttns,.- . .-- in Liters). Tot~lc,from the hove (VC-10 and 11) were posted Tt-,i= PS tiiya iing procedure for ?as01 ine usap by individirals riding motorcyles or ----rnobylettes in rural areas was necessary since no da t? on usdy or a1 1 oca tions was avail able such as that found on gas01 ine a1 locations to he3 duarters personnel . Simil arly, in order ?XI determine t3e nurber of --rnobylettes in use in the field, information rctgarding payroll deductions for mobylptte credit was rejected became it did not reflect cash sales, motorcyles in use but already paid for or overlaps in deductions when a few payments remained on the old machine. Cmsequently, two basic assumptions were used: (a) that every employee in t9e field below Chief or Deputy Sector Chief owned and used offjcially a notorbike, this was 0.114 policy, and (b) that approved travel by sobylette or motorcycle woul d require an average of 30 li ters and 40 l!'tsrs pr mnth, respctively. These two assumptions can be questioned but they do reflect such realities as field transport needS and the differences in distaqces to be covsred as Setween field optations and local transport at the headquarters site. Tcsth: The quantity of fuels purchased Has obtained from 0.1M files of invoi CPS , usa gtl coupons and records of direct purchases. Yearly totals were rnul ti pl ied by the average price for each fuel during each year - fahl e VC-13 (Purchases of Gasol ine and Mix ) and Table VC-14 (Purchases of Diesel Fun1 . ) These quantities and values were posted to the colunns on the right of fables VC-7 and 8. El eventh: Totals in Tables VC-7 and VC-I3 were posted to the general table of vehicie and generators expense - Table VC-1 (Operating Expenses of t+e i4otor Pool , !%tor cycl es "Yoby1- ettes" and Diesel -Elcctr fc Gener&tors, 1976 - 1062) I lib- 5. c, ting (!i1 S: /\r\r~ubl~onsurnptfnnt. from 'It178 to lo82 ol; tatned from (1-1'1 rf.rc~*ds\rt.rac rtl~ltiplfed by thc annual dvw. ,t price of oil tn Wo 1 itre cans. (1114 State!; thi~tmost oil was p~rchasrdfn th ic, way, The ~~esults are shown in Table VC-15 (Purchases of Lubricating Oils ). Prices worc oktaint2d from the files of ORM - Approvfsfonrnent. Not irrcluded, fs lubricating or axle grp;1SP. Thfr fnforrnatlon was not obtafned. The total from this tqble was psted to Table VC-1, The total cr,st for operating for vehicles and for cperating the el ~ctricity t;f?r~watingplants, including maintenance and repairs, was 1 ,004,5135,000 Ma1 fan francs. The tI:ll'_al expcndi ture, i .e., cost for office suppl ics drjrirlg +.he period 1976-1982, is t?s tab1 ished at lO4,OOO,OOG Ma1 ian francs. c. Other Administrative Costs The following is a tabulation of identi fied other adninistrative costs. The 1 ist cpnerally follows the accounting classifications of (MM but is also resp;nsive to the statement of work. General management and pub1 icity costs have been reduced "Lo el iminate certain costs that the tear,, fel t were not justi fied. OTHER AININISTRATIVE COSTS Post, telephorle, r ltl~aph Uti1 ities (water ., 51 pctr icity ) Ret +s Yainterlance & ,1 .i i?--I3uildings Fkintenar, 91 Repa ir-Equi pment Misc. Ma 1,- )[- mce Costs Studie 2% pop ts Generb' " .' f7 Publicity Other , 1 Services Instal I ,. ?os"s ir .' il;:~erAdministrative Costs -244,443,860 tlal ian francs -- _C ihe Qrcration requirod a wide variety of cquipnent and matorf~lsta carry out its brtad rcsponsibi1i tips, ritrring the nearly seven-yea* lift\ of the Projrlct, cr)rnit~odfties worth in the vicinity of three million dollars were procured hoth by USAID and by CNM Itself. The principal categories of c r?r;iitmhi ti c?s p~ ocur ed wcr e: rrto tor veh icl es , tool s , tires and par ts ; el ectr ic ynev-a tor s; c' fi cc and household furniture and equipment; blacksmith tools end nxterial; photopaphic and corti:nunication equipnent; rural and agricu1:ural ~quipmentand supplies; water pumps; road construction major and minor vquipnent: construction materials; supporting equipnent. Fs o matter of yenezal policy, USAID usually procures offshore commodities rquir in? foreigr! exchangc and the project procures locally available c:mrr13di ties. In fact, thjs grinci ple was not observed and there were quite a few instances of similar categories of equipnent beina purchased by both organizations. Since USAID did not, until nearly the end of of the Project, rimnitor the content of @l?4 reimbursement requests, the acquisition of comm~dities whi ch mi ght Setter have been procured by USA1 C was not detected until quite late. 2. Oivisiun of Procurement Responsibil ities a. -USAID - >lost equipment, including motor vehicles , road construction equipnent and materials, pumps, electric generators, grain mills, air-condi tioners, office machines, etc., was pocured and paid for by USAID. Both offshore and local purchases were made. Total !!SAID commodity expenditures , from the accounts, were $2,721 ,000 ($2,241,000 in ?hase I and $480,000 in Phase I;). An item-by-i tern analysis of all USAID procurment expendi tures under the Project resul ts in a total costs of just under $2,635,000 (31.033 million for the ~pe'rationand $1.602 i I million for the Road Brigade). The latter amount is very close to that ohbinrrl from ko(~dtk~gede r)ocurrrc:nt3, When Project proc~rrcml?ntby USAID WJFJ !, t,art~d:I\ l(~lr(,tl~t+rc wds only a skc1et.m rr~lssion with a CDI) in charpt?, ftrn:.~qucntly, soine of the fil c.s are incumpl ete, par titularly In transport: and handling ehorgus. Thfs would seem to explain the re1a tiblely small dl ffcrerrce of $fl6,(400 t?c.t\lrct!n t.otal accounting cxr~crrdit ures and the tr) tal from the procurement documents. USAID equi ynent procurrwnt is shown in Tables P-4 and P-5 (Analysfs of USAID Procurr:ri:ent for UIM -- cxcludes Road Brigade and Ditto -- Road Brigade only 1. For CIv::l use, IJSAID procured 32 vehicles under the Project from 1976 to 1981. These were: five Land Rovers, four Peugeots, one Renhirl t he last five pr-obiibly SCans), ten I.H. Scouts and pick-ups, seven I.H. grain trucks, ?do Hino ten ton trucks, two Toyota Land Cruisers and one Jeep pick-up \120. Ancther 21 vehicles were procured for the Road Brigade. This is rrme fully discussed in the section on road construction. h. .-01t4 - Some major iterns of equiplent were procured by OM -- principally vehicles. The project inherited a number of vehicles from PL-480 support activities prior to 1976. From 1976 to 1980, (r?M purchased 12 motor vehi cl es , of which 10 were passenger types and two 4-wheel drive types. The latter were for sector chiefs while the other 10 were for OW4 Headquarters staff or the Agricultural Department in Ehmako. The vehicles purchased wei-2: 2 Land Rovers, 6 Peugeots and 4 Renaul ts, for a total cost of 4'i ,700,006 M. F. Two of the passenger vehi cles were bought to replace 2 vehicles destroyed by accidents. One of replacement vehi cles was s,ubs~hq~~e,~tly destroyed by fire. Inqurance recovery of 1?,625,000 l4F on the 3 destroyed vehicles partly offsets the total cost of vehi cle purchases, the net cost of whi ch was 2P,080,01i0 NF. Fb other ir~surancewas collected, though damaged vehicles were, reportedly, repaired and paid directly by C. Fi.A. R. Further offsetting this cost is the salvage value obtained ;'ran the sale of superannuated vehicles. The ation ion rrcwds show that about 19 vehicles were thus disposed of bt~tths amount recovered was tiot obtained. A memorandum in USAID/ADO files 1ists individually exactly 19 4 vl+iclt2s thur. di~;):)(,~ldof, 1G on F~t,t-uory4, 19111, one in August 1981 end two Jr.1 ktnhcr 1080 (Table P-3: Supwar~nuat.c:d Vehi~1es So1 d). I'hc sale proewds we.r13 5,87O ,000 tlF, for an avcr 0% of 3O8,9?8 MF/veh, ThC Audl t F!rlpor t 1 i5 ts ten vehi clec, ~old on Fr?btauary 4, 1!1R1 , for 2,507,000 '1F, an 8vt.r age of 750,700 MF/vr,h,, re1 ;I ti vely cl ose to the 308,970 fIF/veh, oh tained ;hove. The Audit Rclpor t excluder, vehi cl es acquired by 04M prior to 1976. The team be1 ieves that previously rPquireG vehicles became part of the projclct and hence that salvage reiovery from them is a legitfrnate revenue to the jrojcct,. Thercfore, 5,870,000 MF has been deducted from I?:cost of vchicles acquired by UT4 (Table P. 1-Fquiprnent Procured-Purchases of Vehicl cs by 04M ). c. During the scvon-year 1 i fe of the Project, it acquired vehicles frcrm it~ree sour ccs : 1 ) In use prior to 1376 or purchased with non-project funds prior to 1976 hut del ivered during the p-oj~ct1 i fe. 2) Purchased by USAJD 3) Purchased by 04M. 32 vehicles were purchased by USAID and 12 by 04t4 or a total of 44. Another 20 vehi cl es were inheri ted by the Project in 1976. This accounts for C4 of the 56 vehicles for which CMM has records. Office furniture and hous~hold furniture, and some office machines were purchased directly by DIM from local sources. Considerable amounts of furniture were ordered from small local factories. Costs were established by accepting suppl ier 's offers where they appeared reasonable or cornpe ti tiv~. Consequerrt:y , for this area of procurement, expend; twe equals justifiable cost and vice versa. However, some household and office furniture was reported in the headquarters warehouse at the end of 1982 and some attempt to cost out this inventory should be made and 1976-1982 expenditures adjusted accordingly to establish a net cost figure. Any effect on the overall achinistrative or operating cost total woul d be ne 31 "igi b'i e. - A &I-Y S', r Table P-7 (list of Vchicles Purchased by 04M and/or Cestroyed from 1976 to 1082) provides rlore cornpl ete information about each vehicle and the accidents which r!ur;trcryed3 vehicles, One USAID-purchased vehicle is included h~causeinsurance was collected on it by OllM after its destruction. Tab1 e P-3 (Superannuated Vehi cl es Sol d by OM3141 ) 1 ists the O?lM vehicles sold for szlvap and the amount obtained from the sales. It also identifies the vehicles by registration nuher, p~rc!-~asedate and purchase price. Tahles P-4 and P-5 (Pnalysis of USAID Procurement) 1 ist all ' :AID Project procurement for 0t4!1 and for th. Road Brigade , respectively. Equipment is groupd by major categories. Since USAIDD4GT procurement files are not a1 toaether conplete, some costs had to be estimated. This applies mainly to some transprt and hand1 ing charges. While there is no certainty that all iterns procured are included, the small discrepancy between the totals in the :.les and the accounting total sugysts that very 1ittle, if anything, is mi:ssirlg. The following shows the justi fied costs, hased on actual expenditures, rf office and househol d furnishing and equipment procured by OFAM. The expendi tur es are taken fr~mcheck ing account records , cash journal s and purchase orders . hount 3.r Hous ehol d furn ishinas and equi prner~t Office furnishings and equipnent To ta 1 Invoiced Prlee (in.. - thoirsanda of ,M,Fl Land Rovers knaul t R-4 Pvugeots: EAC~P~drtd Break Rcnaul t Q-4 rcugeots: Berl itbe arid Break fknaul ts R-12 Peuyeot: 6erl ine Peugeot: Berl ine Total ( a 76- '82) -Cash-- .- Recoveries: 1 Insurance recovery on three Peupeots .2 12,625 2 Salvage proceeds recovered on sale of old vehicles! Net capital investment Notes: 1 Excludes vehicles procured by USAID or other external sources. *of which, two destroyed by accidents and one by fire. 3~ine:een vehicles, see Table P-3. I ILL. (fnclude~Road Grltsde) (In S IJ.~.) A... -- *- . -. - .,.------4 *-.A- :ate of Total tosE Sub tot* PlO/C Oty. P.Q, N6. 3el ivary nclud.tran~0 Py trbu~s NO. , .. .- - . .... ----* + - & --. -. - .------. ------. ---. * .- 4 1 1977 s 51.400 * S 60,417 By letter Land kover S.W. 2 1978 m~~o(e) 70,449 ." land :mar Pick UD 2 N.A. ll,SBO 43,700 73,462 - - 1 1977 7,700 - 66,417 By Lrtter re,rces: 534 S.W. 2 N.A. l6,ROO . ?01b62 "- 1 H.A. 8,430 32,930 70,662 ..* 1 I977 ? ,809 3,830 60,417 By Latter 3 Fall '77(E) 17,537 (E) . 60,419 4,135 1.H. +3u: Plci UO CxC, 4 N.A. 0 00,416 4,685 :lo $18 116,062 I.H. : Toycta Lana Cruiser S.W. 1 March '79 15,340 0 PO,402 0 igyota Land Cruiser S.N. 1 Oct. '80 !2,400 27,740 gO,46O - Jeeo Pick Uo ;20 1 Aug.'81 12,400 13,400 00 ,061 - TOTAL 1 -32 - 472,194 I. R. POOL: TOOLS 6 TIRE,! '~orkfhwHand TOOIS 2 lots 1981 23, :% 2 Tires 6 Inner Tubes 77 N.A. 44,999 Lister25 Kk' Sen. L Parts 1 Nov. '78 11,300 Cater3illar 52 Kk' Generator 1 Sep . '80 25,500 HonGa Generator €1500 1 June '80 1,580 TOTAL I - I11 w -- ,;ores: 1. Pail with CFA check. 523,000 was earmarked Actual cxoend$ture not detenjned S.W.: Short Wheel Sure WB: Wheel Base 2. Special f tkes for I.H. Trucks. Arrived at Bamako Airport after PmMt hnding -was cancellei.-- kr~onedlysubsequently djsappeared pricr to alternatjve dls~osal. -Source: USAID/~T;Procuremcnf Section ... ..L '.. --.. I-U.I"I.Y" -.&, ...-. - -..- -- - .--'L-. ,s - . *..-., ,. 6 . .- -. Cat ~?or.yand Oty. Date of Total Cast LPSL~ipf ,Ion De1 lvery lnel ud, Tttarisl ..... _2,..._-.b..4-1 .... . -.... . - .8 -.a- .d.-.- L--- -A >-- 5 sets "ay '78 10,000 5 fats fr~r'.' 78 0 ,e25 1 Lot - 11 .M08 233 tee. ' 75 w 45,163 w Ji 10 3 w ?S7(E) 3 N. A. 972 (E) 6 June '82 2 ,eel 4 kt. ' 77 1 ,e35 Safe. Steel 1 Feb. ' 78 600 5 ll 2,349 Reftiger. and Ztove 1 each June '80 2,215 Light Insert Traos .ot N.A. 482 Traos 6 AU~.la1 2,712 - 0 '4. ~?hCY,SMI;HS Yorkf hoc 7001 s .ot Feb. '78 iron L Steel Shapes .Of I Slacksnith 7001s .Of Oct. '79 Suffalo Forge 40 I S:eel Gars .Pt rn - - - .. ------&- Oty. %6e of Total Cost Sub tot, he1 ivery nclud. 7rahsl By Grbtl~S 4 _.-- -- - ..., - --,- - ..- - .--.--.--...- Cannon Camera Case :bnly) 1 I N.A. 2 4 Cannon Caaera 1 July' 80 247 * !nstruc, tllm: "!iantovol an 2 NOV . ' 80 58 7 %hex Ea~lirn~ent tot Y.A. 450 1,308 R. to P.. :ax 9ercrder 1 1980 798 . Stuthco~~.Piadlo 2 1980 8,429 . Sout'~c~.RaZ1o 5 VOV. '80 23,071 - ReC4o Soare Kfts 2 N.A. 9.690 d1.988 ---... ------"& --- ".------43,296 43 .a96 ---.--.,---- -Y2 #:I. RURAL 6 KR?C. E3UIP. 6ratn Grfnding Htllr 5 Pay 80 14,100 - a I) 6 " Rotors 7 Dec. 81 17,500 31,600 Threshing Mach. 1 Mar. 81 8,955 - Portable Beam Scale 50 . N.A. 11,683 20,638 Sol1 Test Equipment ,at 1978 167 - Drto Irrigation Kit 5 N.A. 275 442 - TOTAL VII - - 52,680 52.680 i!. PUMPS Subrne;sfble Water Pump 1 1978 620 - Noyne Hand Pump 5 1980 14,907 - Guincrd Pmp 8 Parts 1 !SBO/N.A. 144,165 - Solar Power Un4t 2 N.A. !,629 161,321 - - - TOT& YIII - 161,321 16! ,321 GPAND TOTAL - ,OX.695- ,032,695 -Source: USAID/NGT, February I! - _ -Notes: 1. Camera and case were orde-2 but only the case was rezelvcd and oald for. fhe cawra was rmrrlcred r 5 r were~curchtsed at a total ccst of 526,571 of whlch 1 was for the B.P. JtII!L_-t k s%,d.Sa. (Rod Brioede Only; (in S u.S.) --<- ...... - z .- Category rnd bty . 3sle of PIC)/C Na, ra!rrint ton Dal fvety . - > . .----* - ---* -...... -...am- ... *. .-&-... ----4- I. W'73P. \If Lf 1 (LG k.k. 60434 Yay '77 70417 hc. '77 7041 7 hg. '81 LIOOSl F 81 1 '77 60419 - -. A- .---.-- N.A. 60334 Be-1 iet Tmek S~P.'79 OW02 N:;H hjSi and 6253 tier'ie: Twck 1978 60421 SRH3 S6i and 0566 Nor. '77 70419 Zino Tank fruek (kater) Mov . '77 70419 5RW 0539 Tank Truck (I.H.) Jan. '817 80416 Fiov. '77 70420 !.I.:. Dump Truck Fa1 1 '81 00009 Fsll '81 00009 TOTAL TRUCYS '.ifi![ P.4 An,bl.vq; 5 Of L'5PlD cPOTIIF@l!iT F?R ,;rtN (coot. ) (Road Sriciade (Inly) (in S U.S. ...... ,.-- .. Category and :~$cr;~tion pIC/C No. ..-.....- ...... -...... &'.A:! ~~~r(-R[l~-~$t~ -...... - 6,'&7r) EX20 ,1 70415 i0455 n Cat. 35C Sul~c:er :10003 93 A C;\?Sl P'?-416 " TOTAL I i 11, -77--- I I .:~CISand Lfctfng Lntt: 3 1 ID78 I Lot j ;~ne'80 'Road br;~*6~Gn i y ) (In a u 3,) -.~ . . - . - - . - - - - - Ca t~~oryand :.est*i;;: ;on --- - - . . .------. ,,.. . : .?cr)C-i fiC E7L I>UE!rY .- t ..:.. .. - -. . . . .- trap -s=.:'ato,, 5 'h'ts 2. :sc~fvcC oy -rev~~he~'~ in Ba-ako but not &livered tD the kord Br4gsde. TABLE VC 91 OYERkTIVG EXPENSES OF THE MOTOR POOL, MOTOR CYCl ES, MOBYLETTES AND D I ESEI.- EL ECTRIC GENEFATQRS 19 76- 1 982 Average vehicle 1 ife: 39 months (In thousands of M.F.) Historical or Estimated 3 1 . R,gi strat ion fees 11 ,630 N.A. 2. Vehicl g insurznce 140,736 +- 140,736 3. Phintenanc~2nd repairs 4. Sozre parts, znd tires 5. Gasol ine for Vehicles, Motorcycles, 2nd I+bbyl~ttes 6. Diesel fuel for trucks, pick-ups, and g~nerztors 7. Lubricating oils + Registration fees 11 ,630 Notes: .I I Less, salvage val ue of remaining inventory . *iubricating grease is not included. 3kcounti ng total not obtained. .o r 0 vl N J I LC UDrn >. cn 3 WWO --.I W C c3LLk- 4 I--ZC 0- w- COCCO 0 Ca;N*Cbl Ej TABLE VC-3 I OFFICIAL HORSEFQWER AND REGISTRATZON FEE SCALE --.----Vehicle and Model- -.-- Official Horse Power histration Fee Scale Renaul t R-4 7 CV 10,000 MF Peugeot ~cch6e404 Peuqeot Fanil 1 iale 404 Peuqeot Break 504 Peugeot Eerl irie 504 Pe~geotFamil: iale 504 Peugeot Break 304 / ioyoia Corolla 6r;ak 12 CV 50,000 MF i Land Rcver - A1 1 model s 12 CV 50,000 MF Toyota Land Cruiser Jeep Pick-up 1 I.H. Scout Station Wagon 15 CV E,j,000 MF / I.H. Scout Pick-up 15 CV 80,000 MF I Serl iet - Truck 20 CV 123,OOC MF Hino - Truck K3212 20 3V 120,00C MF I Source : Ot?M,'Inveniory iccounting Sec. I DETELOPMEST ASSOCIATES, ISC. TABLE VC-4 VEHICLE INSURANCE^ (In Thousands of MF) Premi urns Pa id 2 -- Irlsu rance Other Total Recovery Mob~lettes vehicles .--Source: OMM/DAF - Figures from the General Ledger, compared with statements and invoices from C.N.A.R. Notes: '~otethat OMM was insured solely by C.N.A.R. from 19;; to 1982. (Compagnie National e d 'Assurance et ~Gassurance) '~hree Peugeots: One Break 504 and two Berlines 504. DEVELOP.\IEST ASSOCIATES, LYC. - TABLE VC-5 MA JNTENANCE AND REPAIRS OF VEHICLES ( IN THQLISAIJDS OF qF) Pmounts from the Gneraal -Year -Ledoer i 977 3 978 1979 1980 i 981 1982 -.---Scree: Account t!unSer 631 5. TABLE VC-6 PURCHASES OF SP!4RE PARTS AND TIRES (In Thousands of MF) -Year Amounts from the General Ledger 1 1978 620 1979 1980 1 981 1982 Notes : IAccount number 60il. '&duct salvage valve of rernai;ing inventory to obtain the net cost. DE7'ELOPMEST ASSOCIATES. ISC. XX XXXX FUEL COSTS OF OMS DIESEL FUEL (1n 1i ters and MF) Cars & Trucks Electric Genetaros I Liters 1 Average Value purchases' / Val ue I 1 1 Price '2 ilF (000) ( Kil onleters I Caterpillar' Liters / MF(OO0) 4,603 4,536 8,lG7 7.928 12,378 30,610 12,137 80,299 Notes' I Includes cash and invoiced purchases. '~ccountin~entries were initiated during 1978. The accounting value appears, therefore, to be lower than actual usage. " '~onsurn~tioncalculated in accordance with hourly usage recorder, on the caterpillar, which reads 9,628 hours of operation. 4~perating hours may have been greater in 1981 and fewer in 1982 but the total is unchanged. 5 In add ition, 5,933 1iters of kerosine were purchased for unstated purposes. Not included here. (In Thousands of FM) -. ... - .- - . ------I - Ilsaqr in ,vt~raqe Vch lcl To la1 . e-l.10- 1 ilci !It1 i 1 Yrar alitl lyp Ihiwr Ava i lah1 e I)ist.anr:e o i E~iqI nc I Cnn;11n111l.ion rr icr hail ahl~ YI, , 1.v- /I --.------1 . - -1916 Cxolinc II 435 .fin9 :c,5 Diesel 91.4110 Mu_- . Totai -. -!Ell.- - -.m - - --- Fstl~~~aletla1 202 or 127.6 340.551 155 availability I 30.1 ---:311C4 110- 421 ,i.% . ------.-- - - ____I 1977 I ~asnl-iz- ~III~IIOWI 51 1 ,314 175.2 1 lliesel 03 ,n55 -126.9 i Total :-5.95 2 @I ------1 Est llnatecl at 80% of 115.2 407.liS1 175.2 availability 3 5.1' 126.9 See Notes -- -.Gi ,001 ------aii.4 . s iC 35 1&2 ------.-1978 Gas01 ine Ih know 602.436 179.9 - - Dicscl 101). ?Htl 138.0 -- -- - Total --iU3,22_0 .-- . .. -- Est inated at 00% of 207.2 101 .94'1 179.9 1m irrc I:ole 2. availability 35 -2 C.0 .G2 1 1110.0 I30 -- -. ------742.4 -- 562,576- - - - .------. .- - - - . -. 1979 Gasoline ?6G 114 I ,H3i 331.7 1 707 Diesel 2 3 fin, 35 152.4 151 - I -- Total W9 90ZJ7t ------= 77% ------I-. - 74 7 719 ,hll ? 4 f 1.>is -. -623.911 - - - - - . 2% -- - -IW -- --- -- I.. I4 i.. . ' I Ye*, and Type Tntai j F tt~1 1 "sl!le of of Eng i lie Dis l.ance l Iltrmher ha11 able ,,,1 1 mnw~~ption j rllpl - i I 1981 Gasol inc 74-2 Diesel 5 -- .- Total ?9-2 I -- _ -- ---.. 1982 Gasol ine Unknown Unknown I, (Inkiiowti Diesel Total I - i TABLE VC-10 FUEL CONSUMPTION BY OMM MOTORCYCLES AND M0BYLETTI:S 1 GAS01 1Id E .L Annual Allocation - in Liters .--- -.- ral Area --.?-%qTEs. -- - r--- " Total i Number Estimated 1 Annual 1 Year of Total ! Consumption :onsuniption Mobylettes Liters ------.-. ---.--L/Mo b 13 30 x 12 = 360 Nctes: Mobylettes use a oasoline-oil mixture. Tbiiiie oil cost is included in the cost of lubricating oils. Ten 125CC motorcycles. Morlthly allocatic , 40 L. x 12 months = 4,800 L/yr 3istirnates for 1976 and 1977 - No records of 3ctual allocations. DEYELOPMESTASSOCIATES, ISC. - TABLE VC-11 SUMMARY OF FUEL AL. LOCATIONS TO HEADQUARTERS PERSONNEL OF OMM GASOLINE FOR CAMICO "MOBY L ETTES" IN LITERS --- 1 7 Month ------.- No. No. January 9 14 February 9 14 March 9 14 Apri 1 9 13 May 9 13 June 9 15 July 10 16 August 11 16 September 11 17 Oc tobe r 14 18 November 16 19 December 14 20 Total 130 Value - MF Notes: Includes 4 supplementary allocations . 'Includes 3 special a1 locat ions for trainers. .% .% 3 Estimated allocations for January to April 1979. No records of a a1 locations. 4~1l ocations were cancel 1ed in 1982. - DETELOF.\IEST ASSOCIATES, ISC . TABLE VC-12 Dl ESEL FUEL CONSUMPTION BY ELECTRIC GENERATORS' LISTER GENERATOR: 1 978 to 1980 Consumption: 1,380 liters in 20 days, of which: 18 days x 16.5 hourslday = 297 operating hours 2 days x 11.5 hourslday = -23 operating hours Total -320 operating hours Therefore, hourly consumption = 1,380 f L 320 hours = 4.31 L/hr. Estimated Annual Consumptions -- --- .------1978 365 days x 6/7 dayslweek x 16.5 hrslday = 5,162 hrs x 4.31 L/hr = 22,24! 1979 365 days x 6/7 dryslweek x 16.5 hrslday = 5,162 hrs x 4.31 L/hr = 22,24! 1980 Ditto, less 2 months of breakdown =2?,249 x 10/12 Total CATERPILLAR GENERATOR 52 KW: 1981 and 1982 (in part) Consumption: 4,020 litsrs in 22 days, of which: 21 days x 17 hourslday = 357 cperating hours 1 day x 15 hours/day = -15 operating hours Total -372 operating hours Therefore, hourly consumption = 4,020 L f 372 hours = 10.81 L/hr. Operating time: 9,628 (hourly counter) 17 = 566 hours 1981 365 - 8 = 357 operating hours 1982 566 - 357 = -209 operating hours Total -566 operating hours Estimated Annual Consumptions 1981 357 days x 17 hours/day x 10.81 L/hr = 65,606 L 1982 209 days x 17 hours/day x 10.81 L/hr = 38,408 L Total 504.014 L Total Consumption Both Generators Note: See Annex V-9 DEYELOPMESTASSOCIATES, ISC. TABLE VC-13 Cash and Invoiced Price Val I Year Purchases - Liters .--- --. --..- - --.- -- .MFIL --- Thousand! 1978 Invoiced Gas Mix Total 1979 Cash Gas Invoiced Gas Total 1 980 Invoiced Gas 1981 Cash Gas Invoiced Gas Total 1582 Invoiced Gas Total Purchases --1,048,660 .- X TABLE VC-14 PURCHASES OF DIESEL FUEL Val u Year Liters Thousand--- 1978 Invoiced 36,817 497 1979 Invoiced 68,603 10,5 1 980 Invoiced 17,9 1981 Cash Invoiced 39,5 1982 Invoiced --24,860 -7 ,8 Total Pur~l'~ases 332 -095 -8O,7 - DEVELOPMEST ASSOCIATES* INC. PURCHASES OF LUBRICATING OILS MOTOR OIL Year uanti liters Price Per Liter - .- .. . ,- Q-..-..-.. ty.- ...... ~ ....- -- -- ..- 1XMt .' -,. - 1976 - .. - - 1977 .. - 1,025 1978 11,540 1,197 1979 4,001 1,430 1989 15,204 1,820 '1 981 3,002 1,845 1982 ----..- 6 -90 --2,208 ------34,437 -----1,576 (Ave.) Notes: '1n 2 1 iter cans -- in which most oil was purchased. Prices provided by ORM - Purchasing Division, December 1984. ANNEX A SU4MARY RESPONSES TO STATEMENT OF WORK The statement of work contained in the contract between the Agency far International Development and Development Associates, Inc., was the basic guide for the team's work. The statement is already in a questionnaire form which made this summary response relatively easy to organize. There is one implied question, hoviever , which is the first one answered belgw. 1. Over the period 1976 to 1982 what were the justified costs to op&ation Mils Mopti for the project and how do they relate to the amounts contributed by AID to the revolving fund out of which those costs were paid? The team has es tab1 ished jus ti fied opteating and capi tal costs el igible for reimbursement by AID of 2,814 million Ma1 ian francs. To this should be added the costs of the credit program of 438 million francs for a total of 3,244 million Malian francs. The AID audit report dated May 3, 1983, found that AID had disbursed MF 2,585 million to CMM in local currency reimbursements. 2. What was provided mder the various credit programs? As &tailed in the credit tables of the report, agricultural equipnent and agricul tural chemicals were provided in very substantial quantities. Blacksmiths' tools, oxen and grain mills were provided in very limited quantities. Hundreds of market gardening handtools were procured but very few were sol d. CM4 empl oyees plr chased nearly one thousand motorbikes over the life of the project. 3. What were the legitimate supplier prices for the items suppl ied? There were no a1 ternate suppl i ers of agri cul tural machinery and chemi cals which were provided by government subsidized monopolies. In other cases we have found an a1 ternate price or have used prices paid. Credit tables show p-ices appl ied in calculating total funds expended, incl uding roll overs. The total cost to CNM was just over 438 million Malian francs. DEVE1,OPJIEST -4 SSOCIATES, ISC. - hat would have been acceptable transport and distribution costs for i tems suppl led under the credit progams? Except for some motorbikes, these were not costs separately charged to or paid by U4M and hence not a required element of information for arriving at justi fiable cost of the program. We deducted the excess costs in arriving at the overall cost of the mo torhike program. The team did not otherwise determine these costs. Uow many people were employed by Q4M in all categories over the life of the project? At the beginning of Phase I of the project in 1976 OM14 had a total of 146 employees of whom 130 were technicians in the field and the balance at headq~art.er s, then in Mopti . In 1979, when Phase I1 began, 248 technicians were reported enployed, of whom 21 were at the Se/vare/ headquarters supported by an unspci fied number of clerks, chauffeurs, etc. By the end of hbvember 1982 @It4 had 477 enployees in all categories. Of these, 384 were in the fie1 d, 74 were at se?ar; and 19 were assigned to the reaional office of the Ministry of Pgri cu1 ture in Mopti. Of the 477 employees, 354 were agri cul tural technicians. What were the personnel costs of DIM? The salary costs of national and regional payroll personnel were not charged to CMM hut considered a GRM contribution to the p-oject. The costs paid by 0114 in the form of salaries, bonuses, payroll taxes and other costs totaled over 576 mil 1ion Ma1 ian francs from 1976 through 1982. What was the relationship bebeen headquarters' personnel costs and field personrlel costs? bbt having access to national and regional payrolls, the team could not calculate this ratio. In 1982, just over half of OMM's personnel were cn O14M's own payroll and 21 percent of these were at the Se)var6 headquarters. The share of personnel costs, including overhead assi yned to the headquarters personnel , would probably he proportional to their numbers, i .e., about twenty-one percent. tJo such proportionality would exist for those on regional or national 4ayroll s . Pay grades, sal ar ies , a1 1owances and perquisi tes were much hi gher for the persons assigned to GvarQheadquarters in this pay category. - DEVEI.OP~:STASSOCIATES, ISC. - 8. What was the content of the in-house training program? Agricultural production, extension, machinery and credit. Training was both theoretical and practical, Later, some general education was added in French, mathematics and report witiqg. . Idhat were the justifiable costs of the in-house training program? / Just over 20 million Malian francs in identified, j~~stifiedcosts at the Bore training center, These are shovm in the report under construction costs and personnel costs. Other b-aining costs, not separately identified but reported under otl-'er cost categories, incl!!ded students' salaries, trainers' salaries and overhc-ad, travel costs, etc. 13. krhat training \.:as received by blacksmiths and what were the legitimate costs? Blacksmiths were bained in the use of more modern tools and materials and how to repair farm machinery. There were no separately identified casts to Mtil for this program. 11 . How much grain was purchased each year by CMM for OPNI and what were the legitimate costs of this operation? CPlM purchased for nd del ivered to OPNd the following amounts of grain in each of the years in5icated. The figures do not include gain purchased by OQN4 directly from cooperatives in the Mopti region. The team could not determine what the cost of this operation was to CMM or what it should have been. It was determined that OMM suffered a cash loss of at least 11 3 mil 1 ion Ma1 ian francs over the period of 1979 to 1982. 12. How many wells were dug or drilled; how many produced water? i3. What was the justi fiable cost of the well program? , Just over 77 million francs. 14. How much support did U4M provide to the research programs of ICRISAT and SkFGRAD and what were the legitimate costs thereof? CWI provided some support in kind to these programs including some personnel time and motor fuel. These costs are reported under operating and personnel costs and not sepr i tely iden ti fi ed. Iden ti fi ed costs for some fer ti1 izer inputs to field 'rials amunted to 342,000 Ma1 ian francs. 15. What were the inputs to the village associations and farmer organizations progam and what did they cost? There were no inputs and no costs incurred. 16. How many buildings were built,where and what kind? Plegse refer to the appropriate tables in this report. 17. What were the justi fiable costs of the building program? Just under 181 million Flal ian francs. 18. How many kiloineters of road were built and/or improved? ConsQ-ucted 104.3 kilometers, repaired or maintained 110.2 kilometers. DEVELOPJIE:ST ASSOCIATES, ISC. - 19, What were the justjfiable costs of the road program? The estimated 1egit.imt.e costs exceed 544 mill ion Ma1 ian francs; of this, 29 million also appears under general vehicule operating costs. Net road huil ding costs were 515 million t,lal ian francs. 20. What were the project needs for administrative support? The usual needs fw transport, supplies, communications, maintenance, etc. The transport requirement was by far the largest cost itern. 21. Idhat are the justifiable costs for meeting those needs? Slic~htlyover 1 ,.?53 million Malian francs. 22. Vna t rqui pnlent was purchased for the project by CMM, by USAID, and at what costs ? OYM purchased vehicles, office and household furniture and equipnent at a total i denti fied and justi fied cost of 1lO,Sl4,OOO MF. Commodity procurement by IJSAID totalled 2,721 thousad dollars. DEIBLOI'JIEST ASSOCIATES, ISC. - Ministry of Ayicul ture, Bamako- Madame Sy Conseiller aupris du Ministre Directorate of Reaional Pgricul tural Development Saga Ouadraogo Coor dina teur de 1a Zone Di f fuse OD&-ation Mils Mo~ti Ten enk ou ~ia ba te' Directeur par Interim Ti ernula ~ouare' Chef de la Production et de la Section Vul gar isati on Chef de la Forrr~ation Chef, Etudes, Evaluation et Planification et de la Section Plani fication Oumar Dia Chef, Administration et Finance Dramane' ~embel6 Chef du Personnel, ,, Souleynane Diakit6 Chef, Contabilite Generale ~6kouSarnake' Chef du Budget Boubacsr Ibrahim N' Diaye Chef, ~orn~tabilit;Mati&e Billi Kc:rrama Chef, Comptabil ite* Sol de bamane' cisseH Chef du ~rcditAgricole Zakaria ~onat6 Chef de 1 'Approvisionement et de la Section Achats Mahamane Gui tiye Chef, Gestion des Stocks Ahdoul 1aye Ouane Chef, ~tglieret Transports Mama dou Ci arr a Chef du Garage :larnadou Bagayok Chef de 1 a Commercial isation E1Haj Ciss6 Chef, Brigade Pistes Yacouba Tamboura Chef s.D.R.'~ Kyo, ~Aretaire ~e;~e/ral Section UNJM Kor o ,k"pu te Abdoulaye H. Maiga Chef S. D. R. Douen tza Fi1 a tie Sanogo Chef S. D. R. Bandiagara Moctar Ba Chef S. D.R. Bankass Bir ama ib go1 a Directeur General4 / Bada Haidara Chef Approvisionement Saydou Jiallo Chef de 1 '~te*lier Robert J. Ryan, Jr. Anbassador DEVELOPMEST ASSOCIATES, ISC. - Dayid Nilson Director James M, Anderson kputy Director Oumar Di a Agri cul tur a1 Development S. K. Reddy Agr icul tur a1 Devel open t Martine Keita Agr icul tur a1 Development Abdoul Di a1 1 o Agricultural Developnent Ma imouna Di e'ne'po Agricul tural Development James Jack son Li ves tock lack Hahn Desi gn and Evaluation Roger Simmims Program Ri chard Day Program Sam Uyo Program Edwar d P. Rha ti gan rlana gemen t Robert Morin Ma na gemen t Mahamane Tandina tlana genien t/Procuremen t Susan Buchanan Engineering Hhmacire Daou Engineering Rornwall Keith Financial Analysis @or ge Jenkins Control 1er Carl Lewis Certifying Officer Sal if Camara Controller's Office 14ojer-g Diallo Controller's Office, Accounts Construction, Wells and Roads Racary Doumbia Directeur Travaux Neufs Siraha Traor6 Directeur Adj. Tr avaux Neufs Thiecoura Ber the Chef Brigade Piste Agricole (O.H.V. ) @errha N' Diaye Comptable Bri gade Pistes Issia ~onh Directeur de 1 Subdivisizn Tjavaux Pub1 ics Djibril cis6 Surveil lance Genie Rural a ~evare' Salia Maiga Directeur E.G. E.B.A.T. ~not6Sagara Representant du Tacheron Djiqui Dial lo :ladany Guindo Directeur "0pe;ation Puits" Chei ck bar C i ssg Directeur de L' Urbanisme DEVEI.OPJIEST ASSOCIATES, ISC. - ANNEX C: L 1ST OF DOC1 IMENTS CONSULTED As fhr as possible, the team reconstructed the cost history of OMM by con- sulting, for both phases of the project, USAID, OMM and Road Brigade original accounting and other source records, documents and reports. These included, but were not limited to, the following: 1. Project papers, project grant agreements and amendments and project irnplement6tion letters. 2. Project evaluation report (1982) and audit reports: 1983 and 1979 (internal). 3. Project implementation orders for commodities, technical assistance and participant training. 4. USAID project financial reports, accounting records (including reimbursement requests ) purchase orders, invoices, vouchers, etc. 5. USAID project activity reports and all project files (at ADO and Program divisions). 6. OMM annual agricultural campaign reports (1977-1982) and monthly activity reports of each division and sector. 7. OMM monthly payrol Is, 1976 - 1982. 8. OMM accounting documents, including purchase orders, invoices, receiving reports, checkstubs, credit sales and reimbursement records, inventories, etc. 9. OMM motor pool and generator usage and fuel consumption records and fuel allocation directives, etc. DEI'EI.OP.\IEST ASSOCIATES, ISC. -. 10. We1 1 dri 11 ing and digging contracts acceptance reports, etc. 11. Building construction contracts, invoices, acceptance reports, etc. 12. Road bui lding rrtonthly and quarterly reports, management transfer report (September 1981), invoices and accounting records and supporting documents and monthly equi,ment utilization reports. DE\'RI.013JIEST ASSOCIATES, ISC. - ANNEXE V-1 SITUATION EVOLUTIVE DE LA ZONE EKAZREE Des igna tion/Campagne S.D.R. 1 2 Z.E.R. Secteurs de base Vil1 ages encadris Popul ation totale Fopulation active agricole Exploitations pilotes Villzges pilotes Zonesd'al phabdtisation Centres d 'a! phah6tisjticn Anima teurs Audi teurs Superf ici e Eacadree Notes: 1. S.D.R. = Secteur de dkveIuppement rural 2. Z.E.R. = Zone d'expansion rur?l,e Les villages pilotes ont btd Crees an cours de la campagne 1980/1981. I! I! a1 phabbti sation fonctionnell e a d6marri en 1979/80. Source: Division Etudes - Evaldation - Planification, 1' O.M.M., Novembre 1984 i)AHCOLlRS A VOYAGER DANS LA ZONE EMCADHCE DE L'OMM : EN KI1.OMETHES * .- . . A .- .. . . - --+ --* -"- - * S.0.H. tT 1 S.D.R. iT Z.E.R. DIST: DlSTANCE nu S.D.R.- D I LTANCE ou S.D.R. - [It: SEVARE Z. E.A. LIE SEVARE I Z.E.A. Z.E.R. - - Central e Central e 0 Kani -Bonzon Souf ou roul aye 12 SkguP Fa toma 9 Dankass Caye Konna 75 130 Koul ogon ~er~deguk 100 Dial 1 asagou Korsientze' 150 Sokoura I Ouenhoro --- ! Central e 0 Mougna 5 5 I Taga 25 ' Centrale Dioungan! Konio 30 Sofara 80 ! I Dianangourou Koro 1 Madougou 175 ' DiavL~bou - , Koporo-Na Toreli Tennenkou Central e 0 I 130 Dioura 90 1I ~an~aten; i Central e 0 i Dourou 2 5 I Centrale 0 I DalLah 3 7 I Sangha 45 1 Kend io 4 5 i Bore 6 5 agars Kani..Gogourna 25 Douentza N'Gourna 120 7 5 : Wo 3 150 185 I Boni 100 I Mondoro 160 Goundaka 6 0 Ningary 50 --Source: OMM - Div. Production --Notes: 1. S.D.R. = Secteur de ~6elo~~ernentRurale 2. Z.E.R. ou Z.E.A. = Zone dlExpansion Rurale ou Agricole 3. Ancienne route de 45h. n'est plus practicable en 1984 ANNEXE V-3 VIE MOYENNE DES V~HJCULESDE LIOMM 1972 - -..1982 -..- .- . . --- .,.-* ----a- NO, DE NO. DE XEFERENCENo'DE DI5VONIBILITE Ktl'EHENCE DlSPGNlBILITE REFERENCE DlSPONIBIL IT1 DU VEHJC. I401 5 DU VEHIC. MOIS DU VEHIC. MOIS "- .--- - - 1 80 14 2 6 8 13 3 7 0 25 4 4 0 5 6 5 Ignore 49 6 4 1 - - Marche encorc 7 1~not-6 49 6 Ignore Karche encore 45 38 Marche encore 54 5 7 5 2 3 4 Marche encort 4 4 52 5 5 32 47 41 66 11 3 1 28 58 16 62 28 6 7 11 61 24 48 4 9 -4 9 --21 627 VIE VIE MOY ENNE MOY ENNE MOY EWNE 53.5 MOIS- 32.1 MOIS -31.3 MOIS VIE MOYENNE GLOBALE 2216 = 38.9 MOIS 5 7 I -- DEI'ELOPJIEST ASSOCIATES, ISC. - ANMEXE V-4 I hints 361 763 CI ...... i...... a.e.m.. '1 IG .t... Ibq 8 I ,S~PPW~817 302 BI.....:*...... 'o.Cm .me.... 1 a. 'I0' I 241 1 i. Q:~oint~206::5yI RI... mooimmm .mooo.,,.~-..** , I0 f I64 1 : 1' ;r7zm 255 22 m. ..Y...e~m....**...e~.....m I ... 1 03 I 109 1 . ." ! jEemort ae CP~Q..L..C..~..e,.~..~..,..O,,.~l~ 20 1 33 9 ! 1 IES~~U255 26 ~m~,...,~;...,.....h...~.mmmm1 . 49 1 109 ! 1 1Fl~m.p4%. 93 CI...... ! I 2. I 3 479 1 I : Valve 659 a52 1;?2bC...... ,...... ,I . ...u... ; 3 457 @ 1 i ;Isr;.dator- 226 324 LP. .:...... A.*. t . :. .-a ! 4 r(?- 1 I :Czzlwatm 467 a6 C~:,..,,,..,.,.,...... 1 ..' 3 t 41;4 a5 .! S . 3nke-t 459 45I CI.....;...... C..L...~~DLC ! .a- 2 f 9.246 I ! . Seal 736 'B...,, ..,.....jam.*-..e...-e.,-.*, I. a .2 t 1 I . '~U~C'LZIQ44 II21.e.b;~.....D..i.b.60?*Wme ,! . I f ! 1 i~~ulatkrzt.286 321 m*;....o.....m.....emr t .-.. 2 ! 2 788 .. t I Pochettc joint 446 522~~oo#bmm~e..~.~.a01. . 3 I Sq 2x5 1 ' 1 Pochette -iie jobt 446 452 CI...... 1 - .... 2 1 x4 2x5 i ! 2essort delco493 070CI...... 1 .... 3 1 I 663 t I a r'iltm 226 43w ...... ; .....,...... J I- ... 10 1 4 830 I I . Ro*~dado 268 574 C~e,o*....~;r..m.*,... 1 ...- .2 I I 663 - I I ??bc&szire p&e elidre I66 739 RF.... I. .... -40.. I 4 59 - . i ,I lirrEte hdle 380 CI9 C,oI .. .,. ..ern...... 1 , .34, ! r7 725 . I I ArrBe huile 490 576 C92...mm.~w~wm.~~a.o.1. . 35 ... ! 1 . 1 . N6cesszibe 455 5$1 ~g;... 1. ....?. .... 1. ... 6% . .- ...... 6 I; Cawercle. delco 453 089 CI...... 1 . . I...... I. ... t I! Jeu de segment 446 &9;C92....,...... ,. 1.. ..*. 53...... 1, .- 9980 :-- 1 1 Vipt ~mmm...... 2- a - .. 4 ....1 2.757 . -. 1 1- Cylimbloc 465 952 C..~:..m...e.....,b .e.om~m 1 8 -..'l. ...?.. ' 58 980 1 . . .. 1: C~limblo~391: 2~c.m~~~mm~m0rn...m*m*m.m**. 5 ... I2 ... !, 28 sso s - I Joint C,arburateur....,:.m ...... I. .. 7 -I. . 2 152 Y 1, Element de filtre 369 300,.., m,..em .,.*, 0. 1 I1 1. 4 4& t EkmiGtre essence 379f608 C91.m.,m~~mmo.~:.~1 . .-5. 1 .,. I 6 830 ! t Kit.455 231 C~...U.m;.m.moo~...... ie -1 ... 2. . .I 89 626 ' f . I .X . 3 457 . 1 : Val= 450 420 Cz ...... ,..mm.mab..mmmie1 a.s. 1 Patte Moteur padfornat..m,m,.m~e.~,.... 1 ...... 2. ... f - ,. 6 412 - ! J Iiessorf de rqpel.. mm..~m..~meme.rm-....~..l-***- ..... 2 ...... 1.. , ISrr 1 I Pcmpe 5 em 446 608 C~..*r.rmr.rna..rnm.o~. *I...... -2.. .-., ..I . SI 9'76 I 1 Croisillm Car& 913 892 9~.....,..m,.~.-i...... -. 2 . 1. I8 a2 ..--.- 1 1 Xdcessaire alltzni?ge 478 823 C91...... ,-Im-1 ..... I ... 1 92 . - 1 I Ring yIi953 CIm.-em& ....m..ee. .*o.-ami-*! ..... -2 ...... ,I.., 3662 .. I Plateau en'braye 394 292 C,of,, ...... iO41.....--..5 ...... 221 ml 1 '- # I& 240 . s i Delco ~xi~~heIW 145 8...... em....m. .: .* 1...... 3. .... tb f Ev6s...... 0: ...... *.:-, J* =. ... 4w...... " 3.'.,, . 'I 3 ~estilgt&s225 421 ~mro~e.rmb~~eb~...mLo-f..-.... I -...... 1- ...., 288 . . t 1 a ~2-t404 312 CI ....:. me...... m. 1...... I ..- 3 425. :I !hya dlechappment. .:...... *..-r...... 2...... 1 , 19 975 T Tube Colle ...... m~w.'~w..b..acr~~rb~.m~~~~ &...... C ...... 2.I I m~mm.b~O~b~o..~~.~~~..e~~.L ...... ,2 .... 4 . . ar~...... r -1 Joint zrrste huile.:.;...... ;,. .f ...... 1 1 I 1 I I I I I- f'; t 1' 1 1:. , A 4 BT~cmtmic dlmo 64@4 I - I ~nrtcuchcfiTtraB huilo LS 152 A I , . -- . :-..id:-:-:-:.+-:Li-m-*-s -a A 4-0-s -~-a-:-:-~~e-~-~~~-:-m-~-;~:+~g-:~g-:~;-~-~-~~:-g~~~~~:~, *.-..*... =$ 1 ...... EESIGRAT~OI?.--CIT--..--.IPI.I..---U..-I--- *-I 1 Qumtit6-f Prix- Unitzire;1,Prl?xB.- - PAT- , C~!owche&&!!-dl SC? ,Xurnmereec.s.,c.,eo. 1..A. . 1 ,...... I 1 I' I( t a ..,.;e*-:-:-:-:-:-:-.~'-:-:~:.*e~e-*-:-~~2~-:-;-:.-;-:-*..:-\-:-*-s-:-~ d-g-."s-v-*-*-~-*-.-:-:-~..***..a 4 -- t ..a ... . Pieces d6ttrct..bee Cemion .,Berliet - ...... _-,*-.-*-...... -.....**...... -*._...a -m ._e- .-r~-.-.*-*-*-...-#.-.-~-.0:-:~:-:-;-:-;L:-mr.*.-*.o.:-:.l.~I*i*~:-:-~-;O~~~:~:-:-; -moo 1 1 ¶ t 3~Lttkdfernbrayqp 236 18C>Coroe;.om.cb.r .I I f 1 t J~Jde Carsxibe ar;ibre 3700Cj3C),m.are.m 1 2 t t ! Jeu de Garniture want 370~69..obirrrrrr 1 2 i f 3ochette de joints (p&ie Medu . 1 1 ' ... 1 mo*ear 32 35 Q?....,. 1 . I a t 1 I Soqxqe idmission 3~3894..0.~~~..~...~'..'I. . 8 '1 1 t . So.q.ap,e.whqpqoJ?t 3228ZT...,= ...... =...... :1. ... 8. I ,I.. , . . .I ' 1 t 't <-:*A-9.. ,..'-:-: -:-= ....m*.-.a..--a ---.-a- i-s -a -#-*-a- ;~*-*-ma.m. ---:-:-!-:-:-:-:-:-:* *-:-:-:-:-:*-:-;-:-g- 5 ,--... *- ...... -. ..-..--- --...... - ...... " ...... _ .*. - I .. - .. ...,-... ---...... L..-ll.. _I* -.-...... ^.-----lfil ANNEXE V-5 COMIJTAB1 I. ISA'TION DES ACHATS DE CARBURANTS - AVtC RONS, FACTURES ET ACHATS DIRECTS * " ...... -.-, ....---.--. . -- ..'.-- ANNEE PETHOLE L. OBSERVATIONS ...... j~on ----MELANGE 7' \lracture on 79 'kchat Direct Facture L j~on 80 . Achat Direct 'Facture "on 81 .Achat Direct facture TOTAUX BONS DIRECTS T FAC~E!~ Note: Le total dtessence plus rn;lange se chiffre a 1,991,116 1 itres. Source: OMM/DAF cDETELOI'.\IEST ASSOCIATES, ISC. - aJ aJaJ aJ aJ L LL 2 L aJ aJ L Vi 4.J .+J W C, W L k 4 a) Jr-3 Y 3 3 -f- .r- Q 310, ez -4 rg m t =z .c Ear L I U rn.. .a *cu .L *3J ..+J m E Ern Ear- E*r Em Em .t- .P 2 .S .r- g .r- .Q .r- 'r- or 0 .t-JlFC,rcl urn +J a C,L UL VI n m.~m u I W I.rJ LIJ WW W ---..- ... - ... *--- .. - -- -.-. ..-----..- .-".A------*.----- v, -LC: -L' W :- ".LC) t -t W .:Lo -z 2 E LWC L' z- - U CI vr W L,7 t CL k- - u I- 3 0 U - r-ld E 7 L Y 7 F LLL laLLaJ L L L L r L W Q,UQ,WW~J~m W QI aJ U Q) *U. ------I-..------__- __.-__-_ -- - NCOO~V~o o o ' * ILnOOh.46 -,Oh i 4 I ,.1"?YO.?b'.'V. Y oammm m m m YE~moo~cnmm o N N NNN 4 d NNN 12, ------.------.-.-- - - Iuj IEI 000000 O O 0 0 0 OOQtOOC 'g LnLnLnNLnN Ln Ln N N N UJL~L~~IL~C izj r-l ,-4 ,-4 A ,-- I 7 I iU a I + lllll I I I I I I I I I 1I.r 1 - I u= 1 V I 'I- I lW. '10- 4 0 0 N +--l 9+ * Id+'h- hm m h I I :Z< d* UU Urn e- cb U, -la 1-IBioo 00 DO h o N N 5 - j T I .... I...... -.-_*- ---- ,--.---. -.----.-i.-I-I- +- -- '+&lni~om o ooocn cn- NN ~qmr-a3mammmNmmLn I xr mmqr--~~ot-4~,-tutrn~ ' <-I ma-mamama 'I- I :w.I,, lo,o~ocam**o03u,mcna*~ emLnhmhhhahab.ahu3a ;z$6~5Lhhooooooooooooo .4d~**e*e-e*e*w-*** I== I . . "I? "70 Gd&LLK&&&&&&& tn h Nrc -J'Q NNNkhhhhkh m rj. [ s 1- aawx,aaaaaEa,eE IU~Ah hhhhhhhhh 'I- I IW. -0 mbNmahdNmeLf?wh I lhm hhhooainlnmmmurm Ilea ~ln*aa~aaa~aaUl I zra Oh 0000000000000 , = / AtltfEXE V-6 COUT ET DEPENSES OE FOIICTIOtlIIEHENT DES VElliCIlLES A~~EE1978- EN M~LLIERS DE FH ! - - -_, _ -. ._ 1 j 1 ! :i 1 VhLEUR 1 NO.REF DE / ""'"UE E" ! MODEL E PARCOURS - CAHHIIR. I VAl tl!R ! COtlSO1I UMlTAIRE i 00s. W- I CiTRES CP.RB. i LIiOO t22 \ FH/I 1 ...... i i j i i I 18. Land Rover Carl09 19. Land Rover Carl09 TOT TOT GEN. dont, VEHICULES A ESSENCE VEHICULES DIESEL \a 80% d'utilisation Notes: 1. Le kilometrage et la consommation de carburants coiffe uniquement deuz mois pour les voitures et trois mois pour les camions - donc ne peuvent pas etre utilises.H 8. tx CL I . ,..., . . . =-A' 0 m Q~OVI~D~O 03 rO 0 0-3 e- ke- ocn w aoatnc~(~,o o o u 0 rn~ a!ZE Wd .-I NNN+NW CU N h) N NN ,+N 1:-5 I I.. -- - - - .------IRIGItIE OU NO. DE MARflIIT. Ei COUT REF. MOOELE ACllAT -D'------. -- 1. CamHino KB 212 - D. AID'78 3. Renaul t R4 OMM' 77 a. IH scout Pick#up AID' 78 5. IH Scout Pick-up AID' 78 6. IH Scout Pick-ue AID'78 7. IH Can a Grain AID'78 8. IH am.> Grain AID'78 9. IH Ca1n.a Grain AID' 78 0. IH Cam.; Grain AID' 78 1. IH Cama Grain , AID' 78 2. IH Cam a Grain , AID'78 3. IH Cam.a Grain AID'78 TOTAL Source: 1. Chronologie Historigue des ~6hicules: ~r&argen Nov. 1984 2. OMM/DAP/Sect Transport - Situations Mensuelles des ~ilorn6tra~es- 1979 - 1982 -3. OMM/DAP/Sect Transport - Situation Annuelle des Consomations 1979 - 1382 comm mcu CUA~em r(l+d cuo em xJ LL. mtur;e UULLIU 1 6, O to a3CuLOm..,. 0. N Ln bS a Ln 4cn. . id2 Cnd In 03 a d a2 a b-4 ,.-.I t- X, CQ rn ~7 Ndr4~N N 4 0 (V m MN ,g = ", CJ m M r-wmm m m rrc, m m N cum ,r; 0 j rn mma- a a h a ma, h h h hhhh, h h hap p h I-.,. I... t31 - .. ------ s' 0 I22 ucn t 0 rod A - -- cum 2 .mYr Y7 6 SU-FL U U U 0 3-z .r- ?LF- ar rn ouo C( - 02 coo 1 Ln Ln J h hO 1 PI Oh cn mu, cncncn cn m or30 'lo I-I 1 hhh r. h mnm iw --- - - Ln- i=+% OTZ a ZE ma I- 3 UI cou "Zz 5 u rm- I$" '.I qoc o a o cc ------ORlGlNE OU NO. DE HI\RQUE ET HODELE IMMAT. REF. 0' ACllAT 6G- - Re'e7fG 62. IH Scout Pick up D 53. IH Scout Pick up D 54. Peugeot Ber 504 65. Toyota Land Cruiser '5. Jeep Pick uf TOTAL TOTAL GEN. dont, Notes: 1979 - 1981 Dies 88/123 71.5% Ess 688/864 79.62 ~pparements'est tromge en utilisant le prix unitaire de I'essence. ies valeurs ajustes sont indiquk au de sus. Au compte de la Recherche jusqu!au d6but 1982- Au compte de Tony Johnson - SAFGRAD Jusqu'audcbut 1982 id"' 1 a.j as, lb' lu. +'Y 0 L ha 0 F- ANNEXE V-6 COUT ET DEPENSES DE FONCTIOtlNEMENT DES YEHICUES - NOMURE ET ORiGlNE OU t I NO.REF. DE / MARQUE ET I ! ; 'rALEt:2 H0DEI.E IMMAT . 0 I SPON. COU T ASSU - VIGNETTE j PAR!:OURS , C,ARBlh7. \ VICEUR C:'tJZm , UaIi&ERE ' MS. fu4 MOlS D'ACHAT RAIICE ! - ; LlTilES CARB. L/luO UH ' Fbt:t ---. -.- -. -. ------I i ------, I I I.H. scout pick-upC 4 AID'BO - 8Q 7-* I vr es~l I.H. Scoutpick-up[ 3 2 - 80 I ! I ~i&o: Peug , Berl . 504 9 OMM ' 80 - Toyota Lzn Cruiser 9 12 - Jeep Pick up 12 - - TOT -4 9 - TOT GEN. 212--- 1,120 DONT: 16hicul es > Essence 172 J6hicul es Diesel 4 0 ANNEXE V-7 CONSOMMATIONS MOYEHNES DES V~HICULES MARQUE. .. - - ET MODELE CONSOMMATION LITRES. -- Hi! loo -M. .- SUR ROUTE SUR-- PISTE-- .- .- SOURCE^----- SOURCE-..- ---- ORM~ G~~ID~OUNEIE- Hens;lt R-4 7 OMM 7 Peugeot ~ach(e 404 14 CMDT 14 Peugeot Farnil idle 404 14 OMM 11 Peugeot Break 504 11 CMDT 11 F1eugeot Berl ine 504 10.5 CMDT 11 Peugeot Break 304 10 OMM 11 Renault R-12 8 OMM 9 Toyota Corolla Break 6 OMM - Land Rover-Tout Modele - CMDT 20 Toyota land Cruiser - OMM - Jeep Pick-up - OMM - IH Scout Station L'agon - OMM - IH Scout Pick-up - OMM - Camion Berl iet - Gasoil OMM 40 Camion Hino EB212 - Gasoil OMM - Camion IH - Essence OMM - Sources:-- OMM - Che~'de Garage - Amadou Diarra CMDT - Tableau des Consommations ~h6ori~uesfourni au Bureau des Tansports OMM. ORM - Chef d'At6l ier Notes : 1. CMDT: Campagnie Ma1 ienne de el o~pementTextil e (Avant: Campagnie Francaise de el oppement Textil e) 2.ORM: 0pbation Riz Mopti DEVELOFJIEST ASSOCIATES, ISC. - AllflfXE V-R 1 &signat ion 1q7G 1976 1977 1978 1713 1 1?79 1w-n i 17nn iq?>: 1 -act Ava~~tHars Mars Avril - Fev. i tlnv 1! f~v. .fi~iilrt hsr+i C% tohro Essence Prix dl1 ii tre 163 165 I80 1 80 200 250 1 315 34:l i 4W j 52'1 5Xf -. .------1 - --L-t --L - Prix nmycn ande calendt- ier - - 164.7 1 76 1no - - 201 -- 321 : - - 113 c =-I 1 Gas-oil Prix du 1 itre 117.tiO 11 7.60 130 I R5 2 3FI 2%) 325 ' 355 355 ------prix nloyen ann4e calendrier - - 117.60 127 - - 214 3: ti - - t ~dtrule~r ix d~r1 itre 156.90 ------&--- -i------: Prix ittoyen ann& calendrier ! L i I lhrile a nint~t~rPrix eu bidons 2.09) 2.395 -- -- i3.6;&)1 -- ' 7,fiw 4.415 de 2 1 ltres (Avri I) I~;) (5ep.l / I iavril) ~------6-- -2 -. 1- -- --, ! f Prix moyen anneh calendrier -- 2 .Y)H 3.llfK 1 -- 1 3.6% . 4.253 -Sources: ---- OMI4/APROV. ; Society TOTAL a Hoot i ; OPER. RI Z HOPI IIAPROV. ; 29 Novmher 1984. Note?: Certain prlr n'ont pas 6~6atquis, dont p6trole de 1977 'a 1982; huile a lnotettr en 1976 et 1 iquide a freins en 1976. :;)~:,:)YM;; ION YENSL!ELL.E DEZ SL'OUPC,5.s!LiC7RCICENES IBh 1 OOh lljh !9h 11 jh :9h 35h 16ih !9h 05h 16411 19h O5h I 16ih !5h !9h ::E i I HRS. 3E MARCHE I ARRE: / MARCHE , ARRET PAR JOUR I ------Source: OtM- Approv./~$l ier AIJIXX E WELL DIGGING PROGRAM WFl L DATA Lieu: Sevare (Siege 0(+1) Arrondi ssement: Centr a1 Pate de forage: 14 au 16/2/1980 Entrepreneur: Ma1 i Aqua Viva Date de visit: 2.1 1.84 Par: John Barton Observations: Well is sealed with metal cap. Pump not working because of a lack of electricity. SPECIF ICATIOt6 DE PUIT ?rofondeur totale: 51 ,00m IJiveau statique: 16,80m kbit: 3m3/heurae Rabattl ement: 5,6171 Diametre de forag?: 7OOrnm Tube plein: 36m de 160 mm B/ Crepine: 15 m de 160rnma Pompe: Electrict submergeable Coute de pui t: r ,725.000 FTI No de Puit 2 Lieu: Bai Arrondi ssement: Bai Re gi on : :40 pti Date de forage: 12 au 14/3/1980 Entrepreneur: Ma1 i Aqua-Viva Date de visit: Par : Ohserva tions : SPEC IF ICATIONS DE PUIT Profondeur totale: 102171 lliveau sta tique: 32,49rn Debit: 0,2rn3/ heure Rabattl ement: neant Diametre de forage: 140mm Tube plein: 34,5m de 140 mmg Crepine: 3m de 140 mB Pompe: neant Coute de puit: 3.876.000 FkI l ieu: Rai Arrondissement: Bal Date de forage: 14 au 17/3/1!40 En trepeneur : Ma1 I Aqua Vf va Date de visit: Par : Qbservati ons: SPECIFICATIOtJS DE PUIT Profondeur totale: 68171 Cliveau statique: neant w Cebi t: neant Raha ttl emen t: nean t Diametre de for age: 1 SOmn Tube plein: neant Crepine: neant Ponpe : nean t Coute de puit: 2.586.000 FM - --- No de Puit 4 Lieu: 8ankass Arrondissement: Cercl e: Bankass Region: Mopti Pate de forage: Entrepreneur: EGEBAT Date de visit: 8.11 .e4 Par: John Bar ton Observations: Pump not working, well not part of program SPECIF ICATIOt!S DE PUIT Profondeur total e: Ni veau statique: Debit: Raba ttlemen t: Diametre de forage: Tube plein: Crepine: Pompe: photovol atic, Guinard Coute de puit: 2.030.820 FM, Civil works at well Lieu: Diahel Arrondi ssernen t : Cercl e: Pankass Region: blopti Date de reception: 13 July 1980 In treproneur: Oprra ti on Pul ts Date cle visit: par : Observations : SPECIFICA? IONS DE PUIT Profondeur totale: 24,651~1 Fli veau s ta tique: 23m Diametre de puit: 1,8m Pompe: neant Marrgelle: 0,55 m Dalle: 2,551~1 Abreuvoir: 2 COUTE DE PUIT Extrac tion mater iaux 15 1149 1 7235 Mar gel 1 e 1 47302 47302 Ancrage de surface 1 67029 67029 Ancrage intermediaire et de pieds 3 282 52 84756 Cuvelage BA terrain tendre 0 a 20 6 36902 22141 2 Cuvelage BP terrain dur sans eau - - - 0 a 20m 14 90570 1267980 20 a 30m 0 109064 0 30 a 40m 0 1331 06 0 40 a 50m 0 164264 0 Terrain dur non cuvelage avec eau - - - 30 a 40m 5 156555 782775 40 a 50m o 203221 0 Prefabrication buse 1 ,40 x 0.80 3 27339 8201.7 Ahreuvoir rectangul aire 2 42752 85504 Dall age 2,55m ,0' 1 178860 178860 Total 2834870 22% Charaes Secteurs Direction Sans amor ti ssemen t 623671 40% Transport 11 33948 Total General 4592489 FM Lieu: Kolokan Peulh Arrondi ssernen t: Cercle: Bankass Re af on.: Mo pt1 Date de reception: 8 kpt 1P80 Entrepreneur: Opera tion Pul ts Date de visit: par: Observa ti ons : SPECIFICATIOILS CE PUIT Profondeur totale: 45,70m tJi veau s tati que : 43,05m Diametre de puit: 1,8Cn Pompe: neant Marrgel le: Dalle: 2,80m Abreuvoir: 1 CCUTE DE PUIT Extraction materiaux Ylar gel 1e Ancrage de surface Ancrage intermediaire et. de preds Cuvelage BA terrain terdre 0 a 20 Cuvelage BA terrain dlv. sans eau 0 - 20m 30 a 30m 30 a 40m 40 a 50m Terrain dur non cuvelage avec eau 30 a 40m 40 a 50m PrefaSr icati on buse 1,40 xO,8O Abreuvoir rectangulaire Dal 1age 2.8m 6 Total 22% Charges Secteurs Direction Sans amor t issemen t 40% Transport Total General rercle: eankass Region: filoptf Pate de forage: In au ?(1/3/19f?O Entrepreneur : Ma1 i Aqua-Vf va !?ate de viri t: Par : jibECIF ICATIOIIS DE PUIT Profondeur totale: R6m Niveau sta tique: 52,(17m Debit: 4m3/ heure Rabat t1 ernen t: 2,50m Diametre de forage: 7 5/8" Tube plein: 30,5 de 14Qmm d Crepine: neant Ponpe: Robbins and Myers Coute de puit: 6.450.000 M - No de Puit 8 Lieu: Souhe Arrondi ssemen t: Ouenk oro Cercl e: Bankass Region: Mopti Date de forage: 22 au 24/3/1980 Entrepreneur: Ma1 i Aqua-Viva Date de visit: Par : Observa tions : SPEC IFICATIOtJS DE PU IT Profondeur totale: 67m Niveau staticwe: 30,331~1 Debit: 8m3heure Rabattlement: 1,OOm Diarnetre de forage: 7 51'8" Tube plein: 38,5111de 160mm b Crepine: neant Pompe: Robhins and t4yers Coute de puit: 5.025.000 f?1 Ccrcle: Rankass Region: Moptl Pate de forage: 25 ilu 27/3/1980 En trepeneur: Ma1 i Aqua Vlva 17at.e de visit: Par : SI"EClFICATI0NS DE PUIT Profondeur totale: 72m Niveau sta tique: Pehi t: 200 1 itrcs /ticure Raha ttl emen t: nean t Dianietre de forage: 7 5/8" Tube plein: 42,511 de 160nm b Crepine: neant Pornpe: want c'oute de pui t: P.736.000 R4 No de Puit 10 Lieu: Seaue Arrondi sement: Seque Cercl e: Bankass Region: Mopti Date de forage: 28 au 30/3/1?80 Entrepreneur : Ma1 i Aqua-Viva Date de visit: P5r: Observations: SPEC IFI CATIONS DE PU IT Profondeur totale: 45m Ni veau sta tique: Pebit: nEant Rabattlement: neant Diametre de forage: 7 5/8" Tube plein : nean t Crepine: neant Pompe: neant Coute de pui t: 1.71 0.000 R4 i:crcl e: Koro Region: Mopti Date de rpception: 4 July IWO Entrepreneur: Opera tion Puf ts Datc dc visit: par : Obs erva tions : SPEC IF !CAT ?Oh5 DE PU IT Profondeur totale: 51 lorn Ni veau sta tiaue: 46,801~1 Dime tve de pui t: 1 ,8m Pompe: Xarroelle: 0,55 m Dalle: 1,50m Abreuvoir: 2 COUTE DE PUIT 0 te P. (I. P. T. Extraction materiaux Mar gel 1 e Ancraae de surface Ancrage intermediaire et de prids Cuvelage BA terrain tendre 0 a 20 Cuvelage BP. terrain dur sans eau 0 a 20m 20 a 30m 30 a 40m 40 a 50m Terrain dur rron cuvelage avec eau 30 a 40m 40 a 50m Prefabrication buse 1,40 x O,8O Abreuvoir rectangul aire Dal lage 1 ,SOm 0 Total 6580255 22% Charges Secteurs Cirection Sans amor tissemen t 1447656 40% Transport 2632102 Total General 1066001 3 RBI C~rcle: Koro Rogi on : t40 pti Date de r~crjption: S~ptlQHO Entrepreneur: Opera tion Pui ts Date de visit: par : Observa t.i ons : Profoneeur totale: 9 ,Om /,!I veau sta tique: 4 ,Om Diarnetre de pilit.: 1,80m Pompe: Yarrgelle: O,dOm Dalle: 2,33m Abreuvoir: 2 COUPE DE PIJIT r> te P. U. P. T, Extraction rnateriaux Yar gel 1 e Ancrage de surface kncrage intermediaire et de preds Cuvelage BA terrain tendre 0 a 20 Cuvelage BA terrain dur sans eau 0 a 20m 20 a 30m 30 a 40m 40 a 50m Terrain dur non cuvelage avec eau 30 a 40m 40 a 50m Prefabrication buse 1 ,40 x 0.80 Abreuvoir rectangulaire Dallage 2.31 lf Total 1655728 22% Charges Secteurs Direction Sans amor ti semen t 364260 40% Transport 462291 Total General 2682279 FM --- ..~~-..L.uX~.~~~~,&,~~~~LIu.u.w__. _U__r -- 4 1 No de Puft 13 lieu: huno~~pa Arrondissement: Torol i rer cl e : Koro Re gi on : 140 pt1 Date de forage: 34 au 26/2/1(180 En trepeneur : Ma1 i Aqua Viva Datt? de visit: Par : Observa ti ons : SPECIF ICATIONS DE PUIT Profondeur totale: 54m Niveau statfque: want Debit: neant Raba ttlemen t: nean t Diametre de forage: 330m Tube plein: 20,6111 de 16Om (rl Crepine: want Pompe: neant Coute de puit: 3.192.000 M No de Puit 14 Lieu: Kassanwa Arrondissement: Dinangourou I Cercle: Koro Region: Mopti Date de forage: 7 au 8/3/1980 Entrepeneur: Ma1 i Aql~aViva Oate de visit: Par : Observations: 4 SPEC IFICATIONS DE PU IT Profondeur totale: 90m N: veau sta tique: neant Debit: neart Raba ttl emen t: neant Diametre de forage: 200m Tube plein: 20,20171de 140m $ Crepine: neant Pompe: neant Coute de puit: 3.420.000 fY I. leu : Ka qr,i-j nwa At-rondissument: Qfr~angaurou .m Cwcle: Koro Re gi on : Mo pt1 Date de forage: 0 au 10/3/1080 En trepeneur : Ma1 i Aqua-Viva hte de visit: Par: Ohserva tions: li- SPEC IF JCAT I OIIS DE 2U IT Profondeur tot.al e: 65,5m Ni veau sta tique: want Deb; t: neant Raba ttl emen t: neant Diametre de forage: 7OOmm Tube plein: neant Crepine: neant Pompe: neant Coute de pu it: 2.489.000 R.1 No de Puit 16 Lieu: P. A. R. Koporo-Pm Arrondissement: Koporo - Na Cer cl e : Kor o Region: Mopti Date de forage: 22 au 23/2/1980 En trepeneur,: Mal i Aqua Viva Date de visit: Par : Observations : SPECIFICATIONS DE PUIT Profondeur total e: 49,5111 Niveau statipue: 36,93m Debit: 12rn3n Rabattl ement: O,50 Diametre de forage: 200mm Tube plein: 35,5rn de 160mm Q Crepine: 15m de 150mn (! Pompe: neant Coute de puit: 3.712.500 R4 Arrondi ssernent: Dioungani I Lieu: Sahi~ngouma Cercle: Koro Region: t'opti D2te de forage: 27 au 28/2/1Q80 Entrepreneur: ;4al i Aqua Viva Date de visit: Par : Ohserva ti ons: SPECIFICATIONS DE PUIT Profondeur totale: 93,5111 Nivrau sta tique: neant Debit: neant Raba ttl emen t: neant Diarnetre de forage: ?OOmrn Tube plein: Irn de 160mm Crepine: neant Po;ipe : nean t Coute de puit: 3.553.000 RI ---. No de Puit 18 Lieu: Sobangouma Arrondissement: Dioungani Cercl e: Koro Re gi or1 : 140 pti Date de forage: 4 au 6/3/1980 Entrepreneur: Ma1 i Aqua Viva Date dtt visit: Par : Observa tions : SPEC IFICATIONS DE PU IT Profondeur totale: 75m Ni veau sta tique: neant Debit: neant Paba ttl emen t: neant Di ametre de for age : POOm Tube plein: neant Crepine: neant Pompe: neant Coute de puit: 2..850.000 M Lieu: Dournu Arrondi sserr~cnt: Dourou Cercle: Randfagara Re gi on : 190 ptI Pate de forage: 1Q au 21/2/1880 Entrepreneur: Ifla1i Aqua-Viva Date de visit: 27.1 1.94 Par : John Bar ton Ohserva ti ons: u;,capped, dry we1 1 near con~rl~unity center SPEC IF ICATIOIJS DE PU IT Profondeur totale: 56,5m Ni veau sta tique: neant Dehi t: neant Paba ttl emen t: nean t Di (ime tre de for age : 2OOmm Tube plein: 0,ROm de 140m .$ Creyine: netint Pornpe : nean t Coute de puit: 3.147.000 M E!O de Pui t 20 Lieu : Dourou Arrondissement: Dourou Cercl e: Bandiagarc Regim: Mopti Date de forage: Ier au 2/4/1980 'ntrepeneur: Ilal i Aqua Viva Date de visit: 27.1 1 .54 Par: John Bar ton Observations: The villagers have d~ga 8m deep well beside the drilled well and connected the two so that the dr illed we1 1 suppl ies water to the hand dug we1 1 . SPECIFICATIONS DE PUIT Profondeur totale: 50m Niveau statique: 7,45111 kbit: 3m3heure Rabattl ement: Diametre de forage: 115m Tube plein: 8,5m de 160 mm ,ff Crepi ne: neant Pompe: Robbins and Myers hand pump broken .;.ri thin first month. Pump is now located in storage at the Bandiagara office. Coute de puit: 3.75Q.000 FM