Unit 4: Colonial Life

Lesson 7: The Colonial Economy

Today you’re going to explore the economics of the colonies.

1 5-U2.1.1: Describe significant developments in the southern colonies, including development of one-crop economies.

5-U2.3.4.: Describe the development of the emerging labor force in the colonies, including cash crop farming, slavery, indentured servants.

5-U2.1.2: Describe significant developments in the New England colonies, such as agricultural and non- agricultural.

5-U2.1.3: Describe significant developments in the Middle Colonies, like the breadbasket economy. 2 3 How did the natural resources of the three colonial regions differ?

4 http://www.history.org/kids/visitUs/colonialPeople/apprentice.cfm

Http://www.history.org/Almanack/life/trades/tradehdr.cfm

5 Raw Materials

The Colonies Britain

Manufactured Goods

Navigation Acts

6 Every society has RESOURCES.

NATURAL HUMAN CAPITAL RESOURCES RESOURCES RESOURCES

which are used to produce GOODS and SERVICES

7 Economic Natural Human Capital Activity Resources Resources Resources

Fishing in New England

Wheat Farming in the Middle Colonies

Tobacco Growing on a Plantation in Virginia

8 Economic Natural Human Capital Activity Resources Resources Resources

•fish •fisherman •boats Fishing in New •water •shipbuilders •nets England •bait •barrel makers •barrels

•plows •good soil •farmers Wheat Farming •wagons in the Middle •water •millers •sacks Colonies •seeds •blacksmith •farm tools

•good soil •enslaved people •drying barns Tobacco •water Growing on a •plantation owners •wagons •seeds Plantation in •indentured •farm tools •lots of land Virginia servants •tobacco cutters •warm climate

9 LIMITED UNLIMITED RESOURCES WANTS

SCARCITY

SPECIALIZATION

10 Examples of Specialization

Fishing in New England

Wheat Farming in the Middle Colonies

Tobacco Growing on a Plantation in Virginia 11 LIMITED UNLIMITED RESOURCES WANTS

SCARCITY

SPECIALIZATION

TRADE 12 Mystery Source

Just Imported from LONDON And to be sold by JOHN GREENHOW, at his Store near the Church in Williamsburg for ready money only

13 white calico cloth brass desk furniture linens candles blue cotton toys of various sorts handkerchiefs, blue whistles for children handkerchiefs, red a variety of children's books blankets of all sorts and sizes various other books and stationary wool cloaks slates and pencils ready made shirts paper of all sorts and sizes fine men’s stockings, blue playing cards fashionable men’s and boy’s hats pencils low priced hats sealing wax fine night caps brooms feathers for ladies hats most sorts of nails blue feathers files of all sorts and sizes latest fashion aprons, plain chisels steel scissors wire laces of all Kinds pewter plates and dishes shirt and waist coat buttons mugs a fancy assortment of paper boxes iron kettles baskets polishing powders smoothing irons crates of earthenware fine needles and pins large, noble and rich Chinese bowls needle cases coffee silver thimbles oats sugar, refined coarse salt in bags cinnamon, cloves, and nutmegs sponges brown sugar candy glass bottles white sugar candy bottle corks fine chocolate soap licorice tools of almost every occupation horn combs garden tools all sorts of wedding fans window glass of all sizes candlesticks looking glasses of all sizes 14 Colonial Exports

New Hampshire Cattle, lumber, fish, and fur

Rhode Island Cattle, corn, lumber, and ships

Massachusetts Fish, whale products, fur, timber products,

metals and metal products, raw wool, and ships New England Colonies England New Connecticut Flour, dried meat, fish, rum

15 Colonial Exports

New York Fur, timber, foodstuff, cattle, horses, beer, fine flour, flax, and iron bars

New Jersey Cattle, flax, Indian com, wheat, and flour

Pennsylvania Foodstuff, wheat, corn, apples, dairy cattle,

glass, wine, beer, rope, and bricks Middle Colonies Middle

Delaware Furs, tobacco, meat, grain, flour, bread, barrel staves, lumber, horses, cloth, and iron

16 Colonial Exports

Maryland Flax, corn, tobacco, fruit, vegetables, fish, iron, lumber, clay, bricks, beaver, and ships

Virginia Wheat, flax, tobacco, corn, and iron

North Carolina

Colonies Tobacco, wheat, corn, forest products (tar, pitch, lumber), barrel staves, furs, metals, and for a time even exotic birds

South Carolina

Southern Southern Rice, indigo, beef, silkworms, cotton, lumber, some tobacco, grapes, wine, olives, raisins, capers, and currents

Georgia Rice, clay, pottery, cotton, indigo, tobacco, fruit, barrel staves, and pork 17 raw materials such as trees

The Colonies England

manufactured goods such as furniture and barrels 18 19 Mercantilism

• The colonies were supposed to supply raw materials for England and also provide a market for English goods.

• Like many European nations at the time, England believed that its colonies should benefit the home country. England hoped to grow wealthy by exporting manufactured goods to the colonies.

• This system actively discouraged the growth of American manufacturing.

20 21 Year Act Possible Impact on the Colonies

Declared that wool produced in 1699 The Wool Act the colonies could only be exported to Britain

22 Year Act Possible Impact on the Colonies

Declared that wool produced in The Colonies could not make money 1699 The Wool Act the colonies could only be by exporting wool to countries other exported to Britain than Britain.

23 Year Act Possible Impact on the Colonies

Declared that wool produced in The Colonies could not make money 1699 The Wool Act the colonies could only be by exporting wool to countries other exported to Britain than Britain.

Declared that hats made in the 1732 The Hat Act colonies could not be exported. Year Act Possible Impact on the Colonies

Declared that wool produced in The Colonies could not make money 1699 The Wool Act the colonies could only be by exporting wool to countries other exported to Britain than Britain.

Declared that hats made in the The Colonies could not make money 1732 The Hat Act colonies could not be by selling hats to other countries. exported. Year Act Possible Impact on the Colonies

Declared that wool produced in The Colonies could not make money 1699 The Wool Act the colonies could only be by exporting wool to countries other exported to Britain than Britain.

Declared that hats made in the The Colonies could not make money 1732 The Hat Act colonies could not be by selling hats to other countries. exported.

Put a high tax on all molasses, The Molasses rum and sugar which the 1733 Act colonies imported from countries other than Britain Year Act Possible Impact on the Colonies

Declared that wool produced in The Colonies could not make money 1699 The Wool Act the colonies could only be by exporting wool to countries other exported to Britain than Britain.

Declared that hats made in the The Colonies could not make money 1732 The Hat Act colonies could not be by selling hats to other countries. exported.

It would make it more expensive to Put a high tax on all molasses, buy molasses, rum and sugar from The Molasses rum and sugar which the any place except Britain. This would 1733 Act colonies imported from be a problem because the Colonies countries other than Britain traded areas of the West Indies for these products. Year Act Possible Impact on the Colonies

Declared that wool produced in The Colonies could not make money 1699 The Wool Act the colonies could only be by exporting wool to countries other exported to Britain than Britain.

Declared that hats made in the The Colonies could not make money 1732 The Hat Act colonies could not be by selling hats to other countries. exported.

It would make it more expensive to Put a high tax on all molasses, buy molasses, rum and sugar from The Molasses rum and sugar which the any place except Britain. This would 1733 Act colonies imported from be a problem because the Colonies countries other than Britain traded areas of the West Indies for these products.

Declared that no new furnaces which produced steel for tools 1750 The Iron Act could be built in the colonies. It also banned the manufacture of hardware in the colonies. Year Act Possible Impact on the Colonies

Declared that wool produced in The Colonies could not make money 1699 The Wool Act the colonies could only be by exporting wool to countries other exported to Britain than Britain.

Declared that hats made in the The Colonies could not make money 1732 The Hat Act colonies could not be by selling hats to other countries. exported.

It would make it more expensive to Put a high tax on all molasses, buy molasses, rum and sugar from The Molasses rum and sugar which the any place except Britain. This would 1733 Act colonies imported from be a problem because the Colonies countries other than Britain traded areas of the West Indies for these products.

Declared that no new furnaces which produced steel for tools This would seriously limit the ability of 1750 The Iron Act could be built in the colonies. It the Colonies to make manufactured also banned the manufacture goods. of hardware in the colonies. Why? When? Who? What? England passed these laws to ensure that onlyEngland benefited from Parliament began to pass these acts in the 1650s. This continued into the      colonial trade, not anyother countries. 1700s. Theyaffected a lot of people in the colonies, especiallymerchants. The Navigation Acts were passed byParliament. merchants could ship onlyto England. The laws also listed certain products like tobacco and cotton that colonial from the colonies. Under these laws, onlycolonial or English ships could carrygoods to and England and its colonies. The Navigation Acts were a series of laws that regulated trade between Navigation Acts Colonial Balance of Trade

Exports

Imports

Unfavorable Balance of Trade