O Mundo Dos Mortos Do Mangá Cavaleiros Do Zodíaco À Sombra Do Inferno Dantesco

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O Mundo Dos Mortos Do Mangá Cavaleiros Do Zodíaco À Sombra Do Inferno Dantesco João Paulo Vicente Prilla Arquiteturas do submundo: o mundo dos mortos do mangá Cavaleiros do Zodíaco à sombra do Inferno dantesco Dissertação submetida ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Literatura da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina para a obtenção do título de Mestre em Literatura. Orientadora: Profa. Silvana de Gaspari, Dra. Ilha de Santa Catarina 2020 Ficha de identificação da obra elaborada pelo autor, através do Programa de Geração Automática da Biblioteca Universitária da UFSC. Prilla, João Paulo Vicente Arquiteturas do Submundo : O mundo dos mortos do mangá Cavaleiros do Zodíaco à sombra do Inferno dantesco / João Paulo Vicente Prilla ; orientadora, Silvana de Gaspari, 2020. 178 p. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão, Programa de Pós Graduação em Literatura, Florianópolis, 2020. Inclui referências. 1. Literatura. 2. Inferno. 3. Cavaleiros do Zodíaco. 4. Divina Comédia. I. de Gaspari, Silvana. II. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Literatura. III. Título. João Paulo Vicente Prilla Arquiteturas do submundo: o mundo dos mortos do mangá Cavaleiros do Zodíaco à sombra do Inferno dantesco O presente trabalho em nível de Mestrado foi avaliado e aprovado por banca examinadora composta pelos seguintes membros: Profa. Silvana de Gaspari, Dra. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Prof. Gilles Jean Abes, Dr. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Prof. Sergio Romanelli, Dr. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Certificamos que esta é a versão original e final do trabalho de conclusão que foi julgado adequado para obtenção do título de mestre em Literatura. ____________________________ Prof. Carlos Eduardo Schmidt Capela, Dr. Coordenador do Programa de Pós-Graduação ____________________________ Profa. Silvana de Gaspari, Dra. Orientadora Ilha de Santa Catarina, 2020. Para minha mãe, Mercedes (in memoriam), que ao me ensinar as orações acabou me apresentando as primeiras descrições do Inferno, do Purgatório e do Paraíso. AGRADECIMENTOS A Deus, ao Universo, às Estrelas, à Natureza, ao Mundo, ao Tempo. Pela Vida, pelo Mistério, pelos Encontros, pela Perfeição, pelas Experiências, pela Sabedoria, respectivamente. À Profa. Silvana de Gaspari, pela confiança e por me orientar pelas veredas acadêmicas. Aos professores Gilles Abes e Sergio Romanelli, pela partilha e pela contribuição generosa no exame de qualificação e na defesa. Às minhas irmãs, Ana Paula e Margarida, pelo amor, incentivo e apoio, e por serem presença, mesmo com a distância. Aos sobrinhos, Magali, David e Margiori, por manterem viva a minha criança interior. À minha tia e madrinha Ana, pela inspiração primeira que, desde a infância, despertou em mim a vontade de ser professor. Ao Gui a à Neusa, pelo amor, convívio, zelo e um sem-fim de agradecimentos. Ao Barnabé, Joaquim e Sushi, pela companhia, pelo amor e por me tornarem mais humano. Às amigas Lara e Maria Helena, pelas conversas regadas a muito café, pelo carinho e pelas trocas de conhecimentos e experiências. Aos meus estudantes, de agora e de outrora, por me apresentarem novos mangás, por me atualizarem no universo da cultura pop e pelas discussões calorosas sobre Cavaleiros do Zodíaco. A Dante Alighieri, por nos legar uma das maiores obras literárias de todos os tempos. A Masami Kurumada, por alimentar sonhos e despertar cosmos. Por Seiya, Shiryu, Shun, Hyoga e Ikki. Aos escritores, artesãos da Palavra, pelas viagens; aos demais artistas, pela Magia. RESUMO Esta dissertação teve como objetivo analisar, comparativa e intertextualmente, o Inferno representado na Saga de Hades do mangá Cavaleiros do Zodíaco, de Masami Kurumada, à sombra, isto é, a partir do Inferno arquitetado por Dante Alighieri para sua Divina Comédia. A relevância social e acadêmica deste estudo encontra sua justificativa no fato de que a representação do Inferno é complexa e rica no que diz respeito à sua iconografia, bem como às suas descrições, narrativas e simbologias. Seja na religião, na cultura e em diferentes esferas da atividade artística – como na Literatura e nas Histórias em Quadrinhos –, a paisagem do Inferno e seus respectivos habitantes constitui um tema que continua despertando o fascínio e o interesse do ser humano. Para mais, a emergência das pesquisas acadêmicas envolvendo HQs, sobretudo mangás, além do reconhecimento destas como arte que goza de uma linguagem autônoma (CIRNE, 1974, 1975; ACEVEDO, 1990; ECO, 1993; EISNER, 2001; RAMOS, 2010), são relativamente recentes, inclusive nos estudos linguísticos e literários. Orientada pelo quadro teórico da Literatura Comparada (BRUNEL et al., 1990; ALDRIDGE, 1994; POSNETT, 1994; REMAK, 1994; MACHADO; PAGEAUX, 2001; CARVALHAL, 2007) e das Histórias em Quadrinhos (VERGUEIRO, 1985; 2006; RAMOS, 2010) – especificamente os mangás (MOLINÉ, 2004; GRAVETT, 2006; LUYTEN, 2011) – a análise buscou averiguar como e em que medida o poema do autor italiano influenciou a arquitetura do Inferno desenhado na referida HQ. Após a análise das duas obras, constatou-se que a arquitetura do Inferno de Cavaleiros do Zodíaco foi toda estruturada a partir do Inferno que Dante concebeu para a Divina Comédia, descartando-se a possibilidade de que as escolhas de Kurumada seriam meras coincidências. Nesse sentido, presume-se que Kurumada tenha sido leitor ou ao menos conhecia a obra- prima de Dante, apropriando-se de elementos do Inferno elaborado pelo poeta, a fim de projetar o seu, procedendo à escrita do roteiro e ilustração da Saga de Hades. Também se buscou elucidar o porquê ou o que levou Kurumada a escolher o Inferno do poema dantesco para embasar a arquitetura do seu, quando poderia ter utilizado outras referências – como, por exemplo, a mitologia grega –, ou optado pela criação de uma paisagem original. Palavras-chave: Inferno. Cavaleiros do Zodíaco. Divina Comédia. ABSTRACT This dissertation aims to be a comparative and intertextual analysis of the Hell depicted in the Hades Saga in the manga series Saint Seiya: Knights of the Zodiac, by Masami Kurumada, taking into consideration the Hell described by Dante Alighieri in the Divine Comedy. The social and academic relevance of this study is justified by the fact that when it comes to its iconography, descriptions, narratives, and symbology, the depiction of Hell is rich and complex. Whether in religion, culture, or different spheres of artistic activity as in Literature and comic books Hell’s landscape and its inhabitants represent a theme that fascinates and sparks the interest of human beings. Furthermore, the emergence of academic─ research focusing on comics─ books, and manga especially, is relatively recent even in Linguistic and Literary Studies. The same applies to the recognition of these media as forms of art with an autonomous language (CIRNE, 1974, 1975; ACEVEDO, 1990; ECO, 1993; EISNER, 2001; RAMOS, 2010). Guided by the theoretical framework of Comparative Literature (BRUNEL et al., 1990; ALDRIDGE, 1994; POSNETT, 1994; REMAK, 1994; MACHADO; PAGEAUX, 2001; CARVALHAL, 2007) and comic books (VERGUEIRO, 1985; 2006; RAMOS, 2010), specifically manga (MOLINÉ, 2004; GRAVETT, 2006; LUYTEN, 2011), the analysis sought to ascertain how and to what extent the poem by the Italian author influenced the architecture of Hell depicted in the manga. Following the analysis of both works, I was able to determine that the architecture of Hell in Saint Seiya: Knights of the Zodiac was entirely built from the Hell designed by Dante for the Divine Comedy, dismissing the possibility that Kurumada's choices could be simple coincidences. In that respect, I propose that Kurumada was a reader or at least knew Dante's masterpiece, and he embodied elements of the Hell created by the poet in order to project his own when scripting and sketching the Hades Saga. Finally, this analysis also sought to throw light on why or what led Kurumada to choose Dantes’ Hell as the foundation for the architecture of his own when he could have picked other references, such as Greek mythology, or even chosen to design an original landscape. Keywords: Hell. Saint Seiya: Knights of the Zodiac. Divine Comedy. SOMMARIO Questa laurea magistrale cerca di analizzare, in modo comparativo e intertestuale, l'Inferno rappresentato nella Saga di Hades del manga I Cavalieri dello Zodiaco, di Masami Kurumada in comparazione a quell’ Inferno progettato da Dante Alighieri nella sua Divina Commedia. L’importanza sociale e accademica di questo studio trova la propria giustificazione nel fatto che la rappresentazione dell’Inferno è complessa e ricca in ciò che riguarda alla sua iconografia, così come alle sue descrizioni, alle sue narrative e alle sue simbologie. Sia nella religione, sia nella cultura, sia in differenti sfere dell’attività artistica – come nella Letteratura e nelle Storie a Fumetti –, il paesaggio dell’Inferno e dei suoi rispettivi abitanti costituiscono un tema che continua a risvegliare il fascino e l’interesse dell’essere umano. Per di più l’emergenza delle ricerche accademiche che coinvolgono i fumetti, specialmente i manga giapponesi, oltre al riconoscimento di questi come arte che gode di un linguaggio autonomo (CIRNE, 1974, 1975; ACEVEDO, 1990; ECO, 1993; EISNER, 2001; RAMOS, 2010), sono relativamente recenti, allo stesso modo negli studi linguistici e letterari. Guidata dal quadro teorico della letteratura comparata (BRUNEL et al., 1990; ALDRIDGE, 1994; POSNETT, 1994; REMAK, 1994; MACHADO; PAGEAUX, 2001; CARVALHAL, 2007) e dei Fumetti (VERGUEIRO, 1985; 2006; RAMOS, 2010) – in particolare
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