With SUV Sales on the Wane, Domestic Automakers Are Bolstering Their Conventional Vehicle Offerings
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HEREHERE COMECOME THETHE 20062006 DOMESTICS!DOMESTICS! BY PAUL WEISSLER With SUV sales on the wane, domestic automakers are bolstering their conventional vehicle offerings. The tech quotient is high, even on lower priced models. lthough manufacturers Pontiac convertible called the Solstice an entry-level luxury model, is some- of domestic vehicles and the Cadillac DTS, a replacement what softer than for the others. have had a good run for the De Ville. The transverse front-drive power- with trucks and SUVs, Here are the particulars on these im- trains, however, are the same as in the they’ve recognized the portant 2006 models: Mazda6—the 160-hp version of the need for cars that will 2.3L four-cylinder (vs. 151 horses last compete against the import nameplates. Ford year) and an upgraded Duratec 3.0 V6 AThere are a number of important en- All three new Ford vehicles are based that produces 221 hp, a 20-hp boost tries for the 2006 model year, including on the same platform—a longer, over other Ford applications. The V6, a trio from Ford—the Fusion, the Mer- wider version than that used in the bolted to hydraulic engine mounts in all cury Milan and the Lincoln Zephyr. Mazda6. The Fusion, Milan and three applications, is the standard en- Chrysler has the Dodge Challenger, a Zephyr are built on a 107.4-in. wheel- gine in the Zephyr. On both engines, sports sedan built on the Chrysler 300 base and are just over 190 in. in over- the horsepower boost is based on use of platform introduced in 2004, and a all length. In an era when so-called variable intake valve timing Neon replacement called the Caliber badge engineering is unacceptable, and a wider rpm range. So coming early next year. General Motors each car has a lot of unique sheet peak horsepower in has a new Buick—the Lucerne—a new metal and interior design, with the both cases is at over Chevy Impala, a PT Cruiser competitor upscale Zephyr featuring real wood 6400 rpm, vs. 5750 called the Chevy HHR, a low-priced trim. Suspension tuning for the Zephyr, revs with fixed 20 November 2005 Ford Fusion Buick Lucerne Dodge Caliber Cadillac DTS Chevy HHR November 2005 21 HERE COME THE 2006 DOMESTICS! Illustrations courtesy Ford Motor Co. Motor Ford courtesy Illustrations Left: A 2.3L Four is the base engine on the 2006 Ford Fusion/Mercury Milan. It’s a 160-hp engine with variable intake valve timing, and charge motion valves (arrow) in the intake manifold to improve low-rpm air/fuel mixing. Right: The Duratec 3.0 V6 is the optional engine in the Fusion/Milan, and standard on the Lincoln Zephyr. This version has variable intake valve timing, which helps boost horsepower from 203 (on the Ford 500) to 221. However, as on the Ford 500, package issues required relocating the water pump to the rear of the engine (arrow), where it’s driven by its own belt. valve timing. Although torque is about tion valves (throttlelike butterflies con- The a/c condenser appears conven- the same as last year (150 ft.-lbs. on the trolled by an electric motor), which im- tional, but if you look closely, you’ll see a 2.3 Four, 205 ft.-lbs. on the 3.0 V6), the prove low-end air/fuel mixing and hose connection from the power steer- torque band also covers a wider rpm torque. The Duratec V6 has a flywheel- ing system. Yes, part of the condenser range. So the car performs more like a end-mounted belt-driven water pump really is a power steering oil cooler— European sedan. for packaging considerations, as on the something to remember if a flying rock The 2.3L Four also has charge mo- Ford 500/Freestyle. punches a hole in the condenser. Photos: Paul Weissler Paul Photos: The front suspension on Ford’s new trio shown in the photo on the left is a double-arm, coil-over-shock design. The lower control arm (right photo) has a double-ball-joint setup, a premium design that improves vehicle handling. 22 November 2005 HERE COME THE 2006 DOMESTICS! Left: The intake manifold for Chrysler’s new 2.4L Four has equal-length chambers running from the throttle body to each intake port. Below: The butterfly valves used in the Chrysler intake manifold have flutes engineered into them to optimize air/fuel mixing IfIf thethe chartchart at low rpm. atat rightright isis missing,missing, pleaseplease circlecircle #40#40 onon thethe ProductProduct InformationInformation Photos: Paul Weissler Paul Photos: Ford has three transaxles—a manual gages in 3rd, 4th or 5th gear. The six- Card on five-speed (only for the 2.3 Four) and speed has a torque converter that may Card on two new automatics (a five-speed for engage at any time, because it’s con- the 2.3 Four, a six-speed for the 3.0 V6). trolled by a duty-cycle solenoid. That The automatics use different transmis- means it can be eased on for greater pagepage 65.65. sion fluids—FNR5 ATF for the five- smoothness, and allowed to slip slightly speed, Premium XT8-QAW ATF for under some operating conditions. the six-speed. Ford warns that the fluids These different clutch applications are are not the same, and that another new a key reason for the use of different fluid, the Motorcraft chain-type CVT ATF formulas. ATF, also is not recommended for ei- The failure mode for each automatic ther of the new automatic transaxles. is different. If the five-speed suffers an Better add another shelf on your shop electronics blowout, the system defaults wall for ATF stock. to 3rd gear in Drive, 2nd or 1st, the The fluid issue should make it clear torque converter clutch doesn’t engage the six-speed is not a five-speed with and the powertrain warning light goes one more gear ratio. The five-speed on. In addition, if the transmission oil has a torque converter clutch that en- gets very hot (or the temperature sensor continued on page 33 24 November 2005 HERE COME THE 2006 DOMESTICS! misbehaves), the electronics default to a If the electronics die on the six- an independent type multilink, similar fixed shift schedule, and the clutch speed, the transmission defaults to to the much-praised Control Blade could engage in 2nd, 3rd, 4th or 5th. maximum line pressure, and the fluid design Ford has used on the Focus. Under these conditions, the transmis- pressure circuits are used to provide The Fusion, Milan and Zephyr have sion warning light should go on, indicat- either 3rd or 5th gear in Drive, and no camber adjustment in front but ing that something other than an elec- Reverse, if manually selected. As on one in the rear, which you perform by tronics failure is at fault. the five-speed, if oil temperature is turning a cam bolt. The torque converter clutch doesn’t very high, the transmission computer The three new models out of the engage until the transmission oil has will engage the torque converter Ford camp have a full pass-through be- warmed up, so if the oil sensor incor- clutch earlier. tween the trunk and passenger com- rectly reads low, the clutch won’t en- The front suspension is not a partment. That represents a major engi- gage and fuel economy will suffer. In MacPherson strut type (surprise!), but neering achievement because the chas- extreme cold (or a sensor reading sub- a short-arm/long-arm design with coil sis also has torsion and bending stiffness zero), the transmission won’t shift over shocks and dual lower ball joints. numbers that are the near equal of higher than 3rd. That’s a premium layout. The rear is some sports sedans that have a very small pass-through (built into a structur- As illustrated in al “plate” across the C-pillar area). Ford this engineering drawing, the designed a sophisticated bracing sys- bellhousing tem, including a structural package tray mounting flange (it’s a box section) to restore the rigidity for the 2.4L four lost by the large opening. is rounded for All-wheel-drive will be available on 360° bolting, to this Ford trio of vehicles for the 2007 provide a rigid model year, and a hybrid edition is on connection to the the schedule for 2008. transmission to quell unwanted Chrysler vibrations. When Chrysler introduced the 300 sedan in 2004, you knew it wouldn’t be long before the Dodge dealers would want more than the Magnum wagon from that platform. Now they have a stylish sports sedan called the Charger, Illustration courtesy DaimlerChrysler courtesy Illustration which is basically a 300 moved one lev- el up. That is, the 2.7L V6 base engine from the 300 is not available. The Charger starts with the 3.5L V6 and of- fers the 340-hp 5.7L HEMI V8 as the move up, with a 425-hp 6.1L HEMI also available in SRT performance models. The Mutliple Displacement System (MDS), the cylinder deactiva- tion introduced by Chrysler in 2004, is on the 5.7L only. The Charger suspen- sion is basically the same as the Chrysler 300C with sporty tuning. Chrysler also is continuing to up- date the PT Cruiser. A freshened ver- sion of the convertible features some new trim and badging and a more powerful version of the turbo engine, up from 220 to 230 hp and from 220 to 245 ft.-lbs. of torque. An important vehicle coming this Photo: Paul Weissler Weissler Paul Photo: The powertrain compartment on the new Pontiac Solstice houses a 177-hp spring is the Dodge Caliber, a so-called version of the 2.4L Ecotec engine.