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Opportunities with Drell-Yan Scattering at Fermilab Paul E

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Opportunities with Drell-Yan Scattering at Fermilab Paul E Opportunities with Drell-Yan Scattering at Fermilab Paul E. Reimer Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory 1. The Drell-Yan Process—A Laboratory for Quark Studies 2. Fermilab E-906/SeaQuest Physics Program – Sea quark in the proton – Sea quarks in the nucleus – Angular distributions 3. What can the future hold? Polarized targets or beams? With help from Chiranjib DuOa, Wolfgang Lorenzon, U. Michigan and Yuji Goto, RIKEN HERMES This work is supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy, U. Elschenbroich Office of Nuclear Physics, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Drell-Yan cross section (what we all know already) § Fixed target—detector acceptance chooses large xb and small xt § (or to a lesser extent single arm collider experiment) § Don’t forget quark charge Beam Target Hadron Beam valence quarks Fermilab E-906, RHIC (forward acpt.) target antiquarks J-PARC Anti-Hadron Beam valence antiquarks GSI-FAIR Fermilab Collider Target valence quarks Meson Beam valence antiquarks COMPASS Target valence quarks Paul E. Reimer, RHIC Drell-Yan Workshop x x target beam 2 Next-to-Leading Order Drell-Yan § Next-to-leading order diagrams complicate the picture § These diagrams are responsible for 50% of the measured cross section § Intrinsic transverse momentum of quarks (although a small effect, λ > 0.8) § Actual data analysis used full Next-to- Leading Order calculation Generation of the Proton’s sea u q n Constituent Quark/Bag Model motivated valence approach g Gluck, Godbole, Reya, ZPC 41 667 (1989) – Use valence quark distributions at some very low energy scale q Q2 – Radiatively generate sea and glue n Quickly realized need for valence-like (primordial) sea. Gluck, Reya, Vogt, ZPC 53, 127 (1992) – Driven by need to agree with BCDMS and EMC data – Assumption of remained Paul E. Reimer, RHIC Drell-Yan Workshop 4 12 May 2011 Generation of the Proton’s sea u q n Constituent Quark/Bag Model motivated valence approach g Gluck, Godbole, Reya, ZPC 41 667 (1989) – Use valence quark distributions at some very low energy scale q Q2 – Radiatively generate sea and glue n Quickly realized need for valence-like (primordial) sea. Gluck, Reya, Vogt, ZPC 53, 127 (1992) – Driven by need to agree with BCDMS and EMC data – Assumption of remained n NMC (Gottfried Sum Rule) n CERN NA51 and Fermilab E-866/NuSea – Drell-Yan Scattering on hydrogen and deuterium Paul E. Reimer, RHIC Drell-Yan Workshop 5 12 May 2011 Proton Structure: By What Process Is the Sea Created? § There is a gluon splitting component which is symmetric § – Symmetric sea via pair production from gluons subtracts away st – No Gluon contribution at 1 order in αs – Nonperturbative models are motivated by the observed difference § A proton with 3 valence quarks plus glue cannot be right at any scale!! Paul E. Reimer, RHIC Drell-Yan Workshop 6 12 May 2011 Models Relate Antiquark Flavor Asymmetry and Spin § Meson Cloud in the nucleon—Sullivan process in DIS § Chiral Quark models—effec]ve Lagrangians § Instantons § Stas]cal Parton Distribu]ons Paul E. Reimer, RHIC Drell-Yan Workshop 12 May 2011 7 Models Relate Antiquark Flavor Asymmetry and Spin § Meson Cloud in the nucleon—Sullivan process in DIS An]quarks in spin 0 object → No net spin § Chiral Quark models—effec]ve Lagrangians § Instantons § Stas]cal Parton Distribu]ons Paul E. Reimer, RHIC Drell-Yan Workshop 12 May 2011 8 Proton Structure: By What Process Is the Sea Created? § Meson Cloud in the nucleon n Chiral Models Sullivan process in DIS Interac]on between Goldstone |p> = |p> + α |Nπ> + β|Δπ> + . Bosons and valence quarks Perturbave sea apparently dilutes meson cloud effects at large-x Paul E. Reimer, RHIC Drell-Yan Workshop 9 12 May 2011 Extracting d-bar/-ubar From Drell-Yan Scattering § E906/Drell-Yan will extend these measurements and reduce statistical uncertainty. § E906 expects systematic uncertainty to remain at approx. 1% in cross section ratio. Paul E. Reimer, RHIC Drell-Yan Workshop 10 12 May 2011 Structure of nucleonic matter: How do sea quark distributions differ in a nucleus? Comparison with Deep Inelastic Scattering (DIS) n EMC: Parton distributions of bound and free nucleons are different. n Antishadowing not seen in Drell- Yan—Valence only effect Alde et al (Fermilab E772) Phys. Rev. LeO. 64 2479 (1990) Paul E. Reimer, RHIC Drell-Yan Workshop 12 May 2011 11 Structure of nucleonic matter: Where are the nuclear pions? n The binding of nucleons in a nucleus is expected to be governed by the exchange of virtual “Nuclear” mesons. n No an]quark enhancement seen in Drell-Yan (Fermilab E772) data. n Contemporary models predict large effects to an]quark distribu]ons as x increases. n Models must explain both DIS- EMC effect and Drell-Yan Paul E. Reimer, RHIC Drell-Yan Workshop 12 May 2011 12 Generalized Angular Distributions & Lam Tung relation Chi-Sing Lam and Wu-Ki Tung—basic formula for lepton pair production angular distributions PRD 18 2447 (1978) Structure function formalism n Derived in analogy to DIS n Independent of Drell-Yan and parton “models” n Showed same relations follow as a general consequence of the quark-parton model Lam-Tung relation n Derived in analogy to Colin-Gross relation of DIS n Unaffected by O(αs) (NLO) corrections 2 n NNLO [O(αs )] corrections also small Mirkes and Ohnemus, PRD 51 4891 (1995) Paul E. Reimer, RHIC Drell-Yan Workshop 13 12 May 2011 Generalized Angular Distributions & Lam Tung relation Chi-Sing Lam and Wu-Ki Tung—basic formula for lepton pair production angular distributions PRD 18 2447 (1978) Structure function formalism n Derived in analogy to DIS n Independent of Drell-Yan and parton “models” n Showed same relations follow as a general consequence of the quark-parton model Lam-Tung relation n Derived in analogy to Colin-Gross relation of DIS n Unaffected by O(αs) (NLO) corrections 2 n NNLO [O(αs )] corrections also small Mirkes and Ohnemus, PRD 51 4891 (1995) Paul E. Reimer, RHIC Drell-Yan Workshop 14 12 May 2011 Lam-Tung Relation n π- Drell-Yan – Violates L-T relation – Large ν (cos2φ) dependence – Strong with pT n Proton Drell-Yan – Consistent with L-T relaon – No ν (cos2φ) dependence – No pT dependence Paul E. Reimer, RHIC Drell-Yan Workshop 15 12 May 2011 Lam-Tung Relation n π- Drell-Yan – Violates L-T relation – Large ν (cos2φ) dependence – Strong with pT n Proton Drell-Yan – Consistent with L-T relaon – No ν (cos2φ) dependence – No pT dependence ┴ n With Boer-Mulders func]on h1 : – ν(π-W → µ+µ-X) ┴ ┴ valence h1 (π) * valence h1 (p) – ν(pd → µ+µ-X) ┴ ┴ valence h1 (p) * sea h1 (p) n E-906/SeaQuest will have – Higher stas]cs – Poorer resolu]on Paul E. Reimer, RHIC Drell-Yan Workshop 16 12 May 2011 Advantages of 120 GeV Main Injector The (very successful) past: The future: Fermilab E866/NuSea Fermilab E906 n Data in 1996-1997 n Data in 2009 n 1H, 2H, and nuclear targets n 1H, 2H, and nuclear targets n 800 GeV proton beam n 120 GeV proton Beam n Cross sec]on scales as 1/s – 7× that of 800 GeV beam n Backgrounds, primarily from J/ψ Tevatron decays scale as s 800 GeV Main – 7× Luminosity for same detector Injector rate as 800 GeV beam 120 GeV 50× stascs!! Paul E. Reimer, RHIC Drell-Yan Workshop 17 12 May 2011 What are we really going to measure? Staon 1: Hodoscope array Staon 2 and 3: Solid Iron MWPC tracking Hodoscope array Staon 4: Focusing Magnet, Dris Chamber tracking Hodoscope array Hadron absorber Prop tube tracking and beam dump Mom. Meas. (KTeV Magnet) 4.9m Liquid H2, d2, and Paul E. Reimer, RHIC Drell-Yan Workshopsolid targets 25m Hadron Absorber (Iron Wall) Drawing: T. O’Connor and K. Bailey 12 May 2011 18 Reduce, Reuse, Recycle Expect to start collec]ng • St. 4 Prop Tubes: Homeland Security via Los Alamos data June 2011 • St. 3 & 4 Hodo PMT’s: E-866, HERMES, KTeV • St. 1 & 2 Hodoscopes: HERMES • St. 2 & 3- tracking: E-866 • St. 2 Support Structure: KTeV • Target Flasks: E-866 • Cables: KTeV • 2nd Magnet: KTeV Analysis Magnet • Hadron Absorber: Fermilab Rail Head??? • Solid Fe Magnet Coils: E-866 SM3 Magnet • Shielding blocks from old beam line (Fermilab Today) • Solid Fe Magnet Flux Return Iron: E-866 SM12 Magnet Paul E. Reimer, RHIC Drell-Yan Workshop 19 12 May 2011 Paul E. Reimer, RHIC Drell-Yan Workshop 20 12 May 2011 Fermilab E906/Drell-Yan Collaboration Abilene Christian University Los Alamos National Laboratory Donald Isenhower, Tyler Hague, Rusty Towell, Shon Watson Christine Aidala, Gerry Garvey, Mike Leitch, Han Liu, Ming Liu, Pat McGaughey, Joel Moss, Andrew Puckett Academia Sinica Wen-Chen Chang, Yen-Chu Chen, Shiu Shiuan-Hal, University of Maryland Da-Shung Su Betsy Beise, Kazutaka Nakahara Argonne National Laboratory University of Michigan John Arrington, Don Geesaman*, Kawtar Hafidi, Chiranjib Dutta, Wolfgang Lorenzon, Richard Raymond, Roy Holt, Harold Jackson, David Potterveld, Michael Stewart Paul E. Reimer*, Josh Rubin National Kaohsiung Normal University University of Colorado Rurngsheng Guo, Su-Yin Wang Ed Kinney, J. Katich, Po-Ju Lin University of New Mexico Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory Younus Imran Chuck Brown, Dave Christian RIKEN University of Illinois Yoshinori Fukao, Yuji Goto, Atsushi Taketani, Manabu Togawa Bryan Dannowitz, Markus Diefenthaler, Dan Jumper, Bryan Kerns, Naomi C.R Makins, R. Evan McClellan, Jen-Chieh Peng Rutgers University Lamiaa El Fassi, Ron Gilman, Ron Ransome, Brian Tice, Ryan KEK Thorpe, Yawei Zhang Shin'ya Sawada Ling-Tung University Tokyo Tech Ting-Hua Chang Shou Miyaska, Ken-ichi Nakano, Florian Sanftl, Toshi-Aki *Co-Spokespersons Shibata Yamagata University Yoshiyuki Miyachi 21 Paul E.
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