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THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS This PDF is available at http://nap.edu/25171 SHARE An Assessment of U.S.-Based Electron-Ion Collider Science DETAILS 152 pages | 7 x 10 | PAPERBACK ISBN 978-0-309-47856-4 | DOI 10.17226/25171 CONTRIBUTORS GET THIS BOOK Committee on U.S.-Based Electron-Ion Collider Science Assessment; Board on Physics and Astronomy; Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences; National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine FIND RELATED TITLES Visit the National Academies Press at NAP.edu and login or register to get: – Access to free PDF downloads of thousands of scientific reports – 10% off the price of print titles – Email or social media notifications of new titles related to your interests – Special offers and discounts Distribution, posting, or copying of this PDF is strictly prohibited without written permission of the National Academies Press. (Request Permission) Unless otherwise indicated, all materials in this PDF are copyrighted by the National Academy of Sciences. Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. An Assessment of U.S.-Based Electron-Ion Collider Science AN ASSESSMENT OF U.S.-BASED ELECTRON-ION COLLIDER SCIENCE Committee on U.S.-Based Electron-Ion Collider Science Assessment Board on Physics and Astronomy Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences A Consensus Study Report of Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. An Assessment of U.S.-Based Electron-Ion Collider Science THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001 This study is based on work supported by Contract No. DE-SC0016037 with the Department of Energy. This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the U.S. govern- ment. Neither the U.S. government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, complete- ness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily con- stitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the U.S. government or any agency thereof. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of any agency or organization that provided support for the project. International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-47856-4 International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-47856-1 Digital Object Identifier: https://doi.org/10.17226/25171 Copies of this report are available free of charge from: Board on Physics and Astronomy National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001 Additional copies of this publication are available from the National Academies Press, 500 Fifth Street, NW, Keck 360, Washington, DC 20001; (800) 624-6242 or (202) 334-3313; http://www.nap.edu. Copyright 2018 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America Suggested citation: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. An Assessment of U.S.-Based Electron-Ion Collider Science. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https:// doi.org/10.17226/25171. Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. An Assessment of U.S.-Based Electron-Ion Collider Science The National Academy of Sciences was established in 1863 by an Act of Congress, signed by President Lincoln, as a private, nongovernmental institution to advise the nation on issues related to science and technology. Members are elected by their peers for out- standing contributions to research. Dr. Marcia McNutt is president. The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences to bring the practices of engineering to advising the na- tion. Members are elected by their peers for extraordinary contributions to engineering. Dr. C. D. Mote, Jr., is president. The National Academy of Medicine (formerly the Institute of Medicine) was established in 1970 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences to advise the nation on medical and health issues. Members are elected by their peers for distinguished contribu- tions to medicine and health. Dr. Victor J. Dzau is president. The three Academies work together as the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to provide independent, objective analysis and advice to the nation and conduct other activities to solve complex problems and inform public policy decisions. The National Academies also encourage education and research, recognize outstanding contributions to knowledge, and increase public understanding in matters of science, engineering, and medicine. Learn more about the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine at www.nationalacademies.org. Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. An Assessment of U.S.-Based Electron-Ion Collider Science Consensus Study Reports published by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineer- ing, and Medicine document the evidence-based consensus on the study’s statement of task by an authoring committee of experts. Reports typically include findings, conclu- sions, and recommendations based on information gathered by the committee and the committee’s deliberations. Each report has been subjected to a rigorous and indepen- dent peer-review process and it represents the position of the National Academies on the statement of task. Proceedings published by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine chronicle the presentations and discussions at a workshop, symposium, or other event convened by the National Academies. The statements and opinions contained in proceedings are those of the participants and are not endorsed by other participants, the planning committee, or the National Academies. For information about other products and activities of the National Academies, please visit www.nationalacademies.org/about/whatwedo. Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. An Assessment of U.S.-Based Electron-Ion Collider Science COMMITTEE ON U.S.-BASED ELECTRON-ION COLLIDER SCIENCE ASSESSMENT GORDON BAYM, NAS,1 University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Co-Chair ANI APRAHAMIAN, University of Notre Dame, Co-Chair CHRISTINE AIDALA, University of Michigan PETER BRAUN-MUNZINGER, GSI, Germany HAIYAN GAO, Duke University KAWTAR HAFIDI, Argonne National Laboratory WICK HAXTON, NAS, University of California, Berkeley JOHN JOWETT, CERN LARRY MCLERRAN, University of Washington LIA MERMINGA, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory ZEIN-EDDINE MEZIANI, Temple University RICHARD MILNER, Massachusetts Institute of Technology THOMAS SCHAEFER, North Carolina State University ERNST SICHTERMANN, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory MICHAEL TURNER, NAS, University of Chicago Staff DAVID B. LANG, Study Director (until January 2018) JAMES C. LANCASTER, Director, Board on Physics and Astronomy CHRISTOPHER J. JONES, Study Director (from January 2018) ANDREA PETERSON, Program Officer (until August 2017) NEERAJ GORKHALY, Associate Program Officer HENRY KO, Research Associate LINDA WALKER, Program Coordinator BETH DOLAN, Financial Associate 1 Member, National Academy of Sciences. v Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. An Assessment of U.S.-Based Electron-Ion Collider Science BOARD ON PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY BARBARA V. JACAK, NAS,1 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chair ABRAHAM LOEB, Harvard University, Vice Chair LOUIS DIMAURO, The Ohio State University FRANCIS J. DISALVO, NAS, Cornell University NATHANIEL J. FISCH, Princeton University DANIEL FISHER, NAS, Stanford University WENDY FREEDMAN, NAS, University of Chicago TIM HECKMAN, NAS, Johns Hopkins University WENDELL T. HILL III, University of Maryland ALAN J. HURD, Los Alamos National Laboratory BARBARA JONES, IBM Almaden Research Center ANDREW LANKFORD, University of California at Irvine LYMAN A. PAGE, JR., NAS, Princeton University STEVEN M. RITZ, University of California, Santa Cruz Staff JAMES C. LANCASTER, Director DONALD C. SHAPERO, Senior Scholar DAVID B. LANG, Senior Program Officer (until May 2018) CHRISTOPHER J. JONES, Program Officer (from November 2017) NEERAJ GORKHALY, Associate Program Officer LINDA WALKER, Program Coordinator HENRY KO, Research Assistant BETH DOLAN, Financial Associate 1 Member, National Academy of Sciences. vi Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. An Assessment of U.S.-Based Electron-Ion Collider Science Preface The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened the Committee on U.S.-Based Electron-Ion Collider Science Assessment to assess the merits and significance of the science that could be addressed by an electron- ion collider (EIC), and its importance to nuclear physics in particular and to the physical sciences in general. The principal goals of the study were to evaluate the significance of the science that would be enabled by the construction of an EIC, its benefits to U.S. leadership in nuclear physics, and the benefits to other fields of science of a U.S.-based EIC. The science assessment included the special role of the structure of the nucleon in the broader context of nuclear science and the study of nuclei as the “heart” of matter. The complete statement of task
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