Commonwealth & Foreign Honours to Members of Her Majesty's Canadian Armed Forces
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Commonwealth & Foreign Honours 1967–2017 CONTACT US To obtain information on military honours, contact the Directorate of Honours and Recognition (DH&R): Directorate of Honours and Recognition National Defence Headquarters 101 Colonel By Drive Ottawa ON K1A 0K2 http://forces.gc.ca/en/honours-history-awards/index.page 1-877-741-8332 To obtain information on the Canadian Honours System, contact the Chancellery of Honours at Rideau Hall: The Chancellery of Honours Rideau Hall 1 Sussex Drive Ottawa ON K1A 0A1 www.gg.ca 1-800-465-6890 © Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, 2017 A-DH-300-000/JD-008 Cat. No. D2-387/2017E ISBN 978-0-660-08826-6 Commonwealth & Foreign Honours 1967–2017 Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, Queen of Canada, wearing her insignia of Sovereign of the Order of Canada and of the Order of Military Merit, in the Tent Room at Rideau Hall, Canada Day 2010. Photo: Canadian Heritage Dedication To those members of Her Majesty’s Canadian Armed Forces who have been recognized by other countries for their military contribution to these nations, which reflects well upon them, the Forces and Canada. Commonwealth & Foreign Honours to Members of Her Majesty’s Canadian Armed Forces | iii Commonwealth & Foreign Honours to Members of Her Majesty’s Canadian Armed Forces Dedication .................................................................................................... iii Introduction ..................................................................................................... v Chapter One Policy on Commonwealth & Foreign Honours Before 1967 ........ 1 Chapter Two Canadian Policy on Commonwealth & Foreign Honours since 1967 ...................................................... 35 Chapter Three Wearing and Privileges ............................................................... 53 Chapter Four Statistical Analysis ...................................................................... 61 Chapter Five Canadian Honours to Allied Military personnel ........................ 67 Conclusion ................................................................................................... 88 Appendix One Canadian Policy – 7 November 1956 ......................................... 89 Appendix Two Canadian Policy – 17 April 1968 ................................................ 95 Appendix Three Canadian Policy – 27 January 1988 ........................................... 99 Appendix Four Circular Note XDC-0678 of 31 March 2005 ............................. 103 Appendix Five Foreign Award Request Form .................................................. 107 Appendix Six Register – Canadian Armed Forces Recipients of Commonwealth and Foreign Honours, 1967–2017 ................. 111 Notes ................................................................................................. 204 Glossary of Post-nominals ................................................................................................. 216 Bibliography ................................................................................................. 217 Acknowledgements ................................................................................................. 219 Index of Recipients ................................................................................................. 220 iv | Commonwealth & Foreign Honours to Members of Her Majesty’s Canadian Armed Forces Introduction Introduction Members of the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) have served around the world with great distinction and have built for themselves a reputation of professionalism, leadership and dedication. They have worked in close co-operation with many countries over the decades, either as part of Canada’s diplomatic missions, as exchange personnel with the armed forces of other nations, as partners in multinational organizations such as the United Nations (UN) or the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) or in bilateral arrangements such as the North American Aerospace Defence (NORAD) Agreement. Given the quality of such work, it is only natural that many of the nations with which Canadian military personnel have worked over the years have desired to show their appreciation by granting certain of their own honours to some of these Canadians. This publication honours the international prestige which these individuals have brought upon themselves, the CAF and Canada through their actions and service. It tracks the evolution of Canadian policy regarding Commonwealth and foreign honours, explains the current approval process, as well as presents the rules regarding the wearing of such approved honours and other related privileges. Although this work will also provide a glimpse of the reverse process, where Canada has honoured some of our military allies through the awarding of Canadian honours, the main purpose of this publication is to provide a formal historical record of those CAF members who, through their achievements, have earned accolades from Commonwealth and foreign governments. This is provided in Appendix Six of this work: “The Register”. This work also aims to be an informal successor to Francis S. Dowe’s 1979 publication, The Canadian Military Register of Foreign Awards, which recorded some 3,900 foreign awards approved for Canadian military personnel from the beginning of the Great War to the time of its publication.1 We are much indebted to Mr. Dowe for his research and for providing such an important historical reference. Foreign awards to Canadian military personnel for the Great War are also recorded in Jim Wallace’s 2001 work, Canadian-Foreign Awards, Awards to Nursing Service, Mentioned in Despatches, World War I (1914-1919). This publication will aim to complement Dowe’s and Wallace’s works by concentrating on more recent years. Selecting a starting point, however, proved to be somewhat of a challenge. Although commencing where Dowe’s compendium left-off, in 1980, was one option, in the greater sweep of history one has to accept that there was nothing particularly significant about this date in terms of Canadian honours, or the awarding of Commonwealth and foreign honours to Canadians. In other words, it seems more vi | Commonwealth & Foreign Honours to Members of Her Majesty’s Canadian Armed Forces appropriate to have chosen a date of historical importance in the development of honours in Canada than simply the date when a previous author ended his study. As a result, in this year of the sesquicentennial of Confederation, the starting point selected is 1 July 1967 – not just, of course, the date of Canada’s Centennial, but also the date on which the Order of Canada, as the cornerstone of our modern honours system, was formally created. Coincidentally, the following year, 1968, witnessed the unification of Canada’s three armed services into the present-day Canadian Armed Forces, as well as the promulgation of new regulations respecting the acceptance of Commonwealth and foreign honours. The scope of this work is also limited in terms of the honours which it will examine: it covers only those Commonwealth and foreign honours officially recognized, and duly approved by the Government of Canada, and includes only those awards granted to military personnel for military service. Consequently, unofficial awards, foreign honours which do not emanate from a recognized head of state (such as certain foreign departmental awards), and official honours that have not been approved by the Government are not recorded herein. Moreover, the awards granted to veterans long after their release from the CAF, (such as those awards from France and Russia to Canadian veterans on the occasion of significant war anniversaries), or for services subsequent to their retirement, are beyond the scope of this work. Similarly, any awards which may have been approved for serving members of the CAF for purely civilian endeavours are excluded from this work. Medals of Corporal J.W. Carriere, which include the Soviet 40th Anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War Medal issued in 1985 and offered to allied veterans by the then Soviet Government to recognize their contribution to Victory through their participation in the dangerous arctic resupply convoys to the Soviet Union, otherwise known as of the Murmansk Runs, during the Second World War. This medal was subsequently approved for wear for eligible Canadian veterans Photo: Major Bryan Mialkowsky Commonwealth & Foreign Honours to Members of Her Majesty’s Canadian Armed Forces | vii Many former members of the armed forces of other countries have moved to Canada and commenced a new career in the CAF. In situations where certain of these members have earned honours in their country of origin, they may seek permission to wear such honours on their CAF uniform, in conjunction with any official Canadian honours which they might subsequently earn. Although the criteria for the granting of such permission are similar to those outlined in this book, such awards are not recorded here, since the awards were not made to such persons as members of the CAF, but rather as military personnel of their previous nation. In Canadian policy, Commonwealth nations and their honours are given precedence over foreign countries and the honours are organized in this Register based on this principle. Moreover, honours from the United Kingdom are presented first in this publication because of the historic importance they hold in the Canadian Honours System. British honours were in fact Canadian honours until Canada created its own honours system