Hye Sharihoom ... Now in it's Twelfth Year ,.. Non-Profit Org. ~ The Newspaper of the california State University, Fresno U.S. Postage Annenian Students Organization and Annenian Studies Program PAID Fresno, CA 93740 Penntt No. 262 Address Correction Requested ~u.s (}U.Pd-nJl.tr - Hye ·sharzhoom

October 1990 . Supplement to the Daily Collegian ~ Volume 12, No. 1 . ~ Armenians Elect New President· popularly chosen parliament and 14% representation from various Presidium in February of this year, and By Jeff Ahronian Levon Der Bedrosian, who was other Armenian political groups. was re-elected to the Armenian Editor born in Aleppo, Syria in 1946, was Der Bedrosian was one of the Parliament in May. elected by the Armenian Parliament to leaders of the Armenian National Der Bedrosian has also served as a Indeed, t'is the dawning of a new become the President of the Presidium ·Movement, which started as the member of the governing body of the era. of the Armenian Supreme . Soviet, Karabagh Committe in 1988, and Armenian National Movement since The Berlin Wall has come a­ defeating the Communist Party Chief which later turned into an all-Armenian November 1989 and later also as tumbling down. The dictatorships in Vladimir Movsisyan. Der Bedrosian national movement His political president of the organization. Romania and Checkoslavia have been captured 140 votes against Mov­ activities were launched in the 1960's. What remains to be seen is if Der ousted. And amazingly for the frrst sisyan's 80 on the fourth ballot While a student at Yerevan University,. Bedrosian can finally settle all of the time, countries all over this world are For the frrst time in nearly 70 he participated in student movements, turmoil within Armenia. As the finally learning how it feels to elect years, Armenians were able to freely ran a campaign for the recognition of number of different political parties their leaders in a democratic process. elect their representatives to the the Armenian .Genocide, and was jailed continues to grow, the citizens of History was made in Armenia not republic's highest legislative body. in 1966 for ten days. In early 1989, Armenia begin to face yet another too long ago as the first ever non­ The Armenian Parliament, which while a member of the Karabagh string of mounting problems. Der Communist was elected President of consists of 26Q total . m~(llbers (20% Committee, he was again imprisoned Bedrosian is faced with the mighty the Soviet Republic. It marked the still pending election), is made pp of with .other.members of the movement task of reuniting a country erupting frrst time in the republic's history that 35% representation from the Armenian In May of 1989, Der Bedrosian with internal disor er and hereafter its citizens were able to democratically National Movement, 31% repre­ was elected as a deputy to the Supreme working towards the univerSal goal of elect their president by way of a sentation from the Communist Party, Soviet of Armenia, as a member of its national independenc~. Students Visit Historic Homeland both the train hall ·where the killing By Hye Sharzhoom Staff took place and also the square in front of - Four students; Annen Devejian, Phil Erebuni museum which has been trans­ Gam, Matthew Jendian, and Robert formed into a vast memorial of flowers VartabeJerusalem in 1986 and a conditions of the blockade. The shortage trip to Yerevan in June of1988. This was critical and lines were common year's group was the guest of Yerevan sights at the few functioning gasoline State University and the Committee for stations in the city. Cultural Relations with Armenians While bread was plentiful in June, abroad. beef was in short supply and available YSU Vice-Rector for International only for the right price. Many staples Relations Dr. Raffi Matevossian was the such as sugar and butter were rationed. host for the group's stay in Armenia There were private cooperative which included educational excursions restaurants whel'e the students ate the throughout the length and breadth of majority of theii' meals. Armenia. There also was. the A visit to the Martyr's Monument for opportunity to meet with local students the Genocide of the Armenians brought from the university. into focus the harsh realities · of both As guests of the university the past and present in Armenia. The freshly students were housed in the graduate dug graves of Armenian fedayees dormitory which is used for fpreign (freedom-fighters) lined the long (Left to right)Phil Garo,Armen Devejian,Aiex (tour guide), students, including Americans, on 52 promenade which leads to the entrance of Mischa(driver), Barlow Der Mugrdechian, Matthew Jendian Lenin Prospect, across the street from the Monument. It was not difficult to ·in front of the old city of Goris. the Madenataran (State Manuscript feel the intensity with which the nation Library). The dorm's central location mourns its dead. was ideal and in addition, we had the An overnight trip to Goris and the checkpoints had been establish~ in order university, later serving as a defensive opportunity to meet other Armenian Monastery of Datev was one of the to enforce a Moscow directive for bulwark against the intrusion of the students from different countries. · 'highlights of the trip. Traveling through popular militias to disarm.) Mongols and Turks. The Monastery Excursions were taken to Leninakan, the rugged hills and mountains of Goris itself, nestled in a small valley, towers over the entire area and is the site Lake Sevan, Khor Virap, Mt. Arakadz, Zangezur was a vivid reminder of the was a picturesque town, filled with Geghard, Garni, and an overnight visit dangers facing Armenia as ·special proud Armenians who related how they to the Zangezur region where the group permission was needed from the Interior took turns protecting their families and stayed in Goris, the regional capital. Ministry and from the Committee on town. Arriving just after the May 27 Cultural Relations to travel to the area Goris is in southeastern Armenia, not shooting of Armenians at the central because it was a military zone. Soviet far away from the Monastery of Datev, a train station of Yerevan the students Army checkpoints were common on the monument to Armenian faith and were eyewitness to the destructive road, with tanks and machine gun ingenuity . . The monastery was a remnants of that battle as they visited batteries trained on passing cars. (The religious center and also a medieval EDITORIALS, Page 2 Hye Sharzhoom October ·1990 Fresno vs. Watertown: A Comparison of Two Cities On the contrary .Each is supported by Watertown, are relatively the same. having theirs? by Jeff Ahronian a strongArmenian-American population. The names, the faces, the clothes... Was it a coincidence that the very Editor Fresno boasts over 35,000 Armenians Armenian grocery stores, butchershops, night before I had a bountiful "keyma while Watertown approximately 3,600. funeral homes... and lamajoon" dinner with friends in Fresno, California, population Hence, nearly 10% of each city's All the same... Watertown, I was having a "keyma and 350,750, is known throughout this population is of Armenian descent I had the pleasure of visiting lamajoon" meal with family in Fresno? country for many a splendid thing. Its Therefore, one in every ten people you Watertown this summer. Much to my And was it a coincidence that I just rich, vast, agricultural land regions. Its pass on the street can understand the surprise, the people I met . were very ·' started my last three paragraphs with raisins. Its degrading mini-series. word pare'V (that is, if spoken slowly). much like your typical Armenian you'd "was it a coincidence"? Watertown, Massachusetts, on the And one in eyery ten people you pass .on find anywhere. They spoke Armeniap, It is a known fact that before settling other hand, approximately five miles the street has eaten keyiiUl at least once ate Armenian food (including cracker- down in Fresno, many Armenians came away from downtown Boston, with a (well, maybe keyiiUl is a bad bread imported from Fresno), listened to through Watertown frrst, or Boston for population of roughly 36,000, isn't example). Armenian kef-time music (also im- that matter. To many, Fresno is often known for much. They are two entirely different cities ported from Fresno), and even had their viewed as the most important and most Yet, why would the author of this on opposite coasts of the United States-­ own gardens (which, by far, was their prosperous Armenian-American com- piece mention Fresno and Watertown in .. thousands of miles away from each own pride and joy). munity of all time. If this holds true, the sanie breath and what possibly could other. Was it a coincidence that the very then Watertown, Massachusetts, can these two juxtaposed cities have in Yet, upon first glance, the people same week I was in Watertown, its Holy perhaps be thought of as a microcosm of common? Their stylish downtown sky­ · appear to ·be nearly the same. The Trinity Church was having their annual its distant neighbor, a city waiting in lines? Their zest for more Cadillac chur~hes, though not as abundent in grape blessing picnic-- the same week the wings-- anxiously anticipating the dealerships? the Fresno Holy Trinity. 'Church was actions of its faraway counterpart Human Rights An open letter on Anti-~rmenian pogroms in the Soviet Union An era which we all thought had February 1988 were followed by and demonstration of democracy. At any and 4rmenians ended, the er~ of pogroms, has massacres in Kirovapat and Baku in rate, that is the only way to avoid the resurfaced Once again this year, the November 1988. As recently as January worst In .the· case of a multi-national Armenian community of Azerbaijan has 1990, the pogroms continued in Baku state, the worst may mean threats. to the been the victim of atrocious and and other parts of Azerbaijan. The mere right of a people or a minority to exist intolerable premeditated massacres. fact that the pogroms were repeated and It is during periods of transition and As scholars, writers, scientists, the fact that they followed the same uncertainty that rights of people-today Human rights is a slogan which has political leaders and artists, we wish, pattern lead us to think that these· tragic Armenians, tomorrow another people or become trite and insincere when used by frrst of all, to express our profound events are not 'accidents or spontaneous miliOritY-aie threatened or denied. In'this governments; but when a concern about indignation over such b~baric acts, outbursts...... respect tfle ease ~ilh ~ -~ ~~Y the :.~~ human rights comes from individuals it which we wanted to believe belonged to Rather, we are compelled to recognize developmene -of r the I USSR'' of·' racist can be powerful. The declaration issued humanity's past that crimes against the Armenian movements, especi~ly the anti-semitic by over one hundred scholars and leaders, We intend this statement as more than minority have become consistent movement known aS Pamyat, is for us "An Open Letter on anti-Armenian an after-the-fact condemnation. We want practice-if not official policy-in Soviet cause for grave concern. Pogroms in the Soviet Union" (New to alert international public opinion to Azerbaijan. According to the late Andrei In the name of our duty of vigilance, York Review of Books, September 27, the continuing danger that racism Sakharov (New York Times, November we demand that Soviet authorities as 1990) (see accompanying box) is represents to the future of humanity. It 26, 1988), these pogroms constitute "a well as the international community perhaps the most eloquent testimony to forebodes ill that we are experiencing the real threat of extermination" to the condemn urrequivocally · these anti- the continuing tragedy of Armenia same powerlessness when faced with indigenous Armenian community in Armenian p(>groms and that they today. such flagrant violations of human rights Azerbaijan and in the autonomous denounce especially the racist ideology These actions are part of a larger a half century after the genocide of the region of mountainous Karabagh, whose which has been used by the perpetrators context of anti-Armenian activities, Jewish people in Nazi concentration inhabitants are 80 per cent Armenian. of these crimes as justification. . including the shutting off of oil and gas camps and forty years after the United Horror has not limits, especially We ask from the Soviet authorities supplies to Armenia and the Nations Declaration of Human Rights. .w ~en we remember .~awt th~ th,l;<;.a\'"" ~I ..J, .aDa·.W e. m.ternational ~.mnmunity~t all continuation of a blockade which, as the ... It would be inexcusable lf; because of f\&ainst ·AQnenian ~ ~P~ ·· Wh~ in .:ij>,l~ .· ... ~ .· ·· ·measures ···· .. ·:-·· .be ·· ·'*n··. ~ . '' open letter states, "amounts to a our silence now, we contributed to the paid dearly.. for theii ng.ht to be different · i.riiniediately .to ensure the protection and strangulation" of the country. sUffering of new yictims. in the Ottoman Empire. There, the security of Armenians in the Caucasus Elena Bonner, wife of the late Andrei The situation of Armenians in the Armenians lost half their population to and other parts of the Soviet Union. Sakharov, wrote a moving piece en­ Caucasus is, in fact, too serious for us genocide, the worst consequence of This can begin by bringing about the titled, "The Shame of Armenia" (New to remain silent. There are moments racism. Furthermore, if the recent defmitive lifting of the Azerbaijani York Review of Books, October 11, when we must assume the moral pogroms have revived nightmares of blockade. 1990) which very precisely and obligation to assist a people in peril. extermination not yet overcome, the It should be clear that the forceful accurately portrays the events which Our sense of obligation leads us today to current total blockade of Armenia and deportation of Armenians is not the have taken place in Armenia over the appeal to the international community Mountainous Karabagh and 85 per cent solution to the problem of Mountainous last two years. and to public opinion. of those into Armenia pass through Karabagh which, in essence, is a See HUMAN RIGHTS, pg.8 More than two years ago, active Azerbaijan; . it would not be an problem of human rights. persecution against Armenians began in exaggeration to maintain such a Because the genocide of 1915 began Azerbaijan. The pogroms of Sumgait in blockade amounts to the strangulation of with pogroms and m~sive deROrtation.s... -. Armenia. In a land devastated by the and because that painful memory still _ · earthquake of December 7, 198~. the endures, Armenia lives" toda1 in angtnsh- blockade has paralyzed the economy and and despair. ; . dealt a mortal blow to the reconstruction It is in such circumstances that the efforts. international community of states under It is our sincere hope that perestrpika the rule of law must prove the will succeed. But we also hope for the authenticity of its commitment to success of glasnost and democratization. human rights in order to ensure that, due We recognize that th~ passage from a to indifference and silence bordering on totalitarian state to a rule of law can not complicity, a second genocide does not be achieved overnight It is nonetheless occur. necessary that in the process of *This is a joint initiative of the transition, the government of the Soviet Union promote, legalize and Helsinki Treaty Watchdog Committee of institutionalize such critical forces for France cznd intellectuals from the democracy as human rights, the College International de Philosophie, principle of toleration, and democratic Paris, signed by over 130 writers, movements. There is no better defense scholars, artists, and scientists. Inside This Issue

Page Three: Simon the Mouse

Page Three: A.S.O. Comer

Page Four: Hye Profile

Page Five: Trip to Armenia: Students Reactions Varaz Samuelian·

Page Six: Varaz Constructs Photo by Jon Philip Maroot Monument

' · October 1990 Hye Sharzhoom : Page 3· A.S.O. -Comer

By Janice Caprelian A.S.O. President I am delighted to be serving as-your Armenian Student Organization Pres­ ident for this ·semester and would like to welcome all new members and old members back to school. The new executive officers of the A.S.O. are: Vice. President, Sato Ohannessian; Secretary, Sonia Devejian; Treasurer, . Christine Caprelian; and Historian, Laura Kandarian. We had our first get together with a barbecue at the Armenian Cultural Foundation in Sunnyside, on Sunday, September 9. ·There was a successful turnout of both old and new members. We had many activities including Hye Sharzhoom Staff: Seated (left to right) Jon Philip Maroot, Jeff Ahrooian, Barlow Der Mugrdechian, billiards, swimming, and volleyball. and Armen Aghman. Standing Scotty Abajian Asmar, Vina Kochounian, Janice Caprelian, Sato Everyone ate, got an opportunity to Ohannessian, and Matthew Jendian. meet one another, and had a great time! On September 19, we held our frrst Photo By Jon Philip Maroot A.S.O. meeting at Popolo's Pizza on Blackstone. We discussed upcoming together three mtnimoral volleyball Fulton Mall. An Armenian picture helping us out also; Sam's Party events and voted on candidates to teams consisting of. members from the display and copies of the Hye Rental for donating the use of their represent the A.S.O. at the A.S.O. There is a women's team, a Sharzoom were made available for barbecue; and the Maroot family at Jon Homecoming football game this year. men's -ream, and a co-ed team. Come people to look at or take home. I Jon's reStaurant for the use of their This year's candidates were Matthew out to the North gym arid cheer us on. would like to ·thank all of those who equipment The A.S.O. wouldn't have J en dian arid Gail Antranikian. Dates of games will be announced. worked that weekend and eontributed been able to function that weekend Matthew was then selected through his During ·the weekend of September their time to the A.S.O. program. I without the assistance of these fine in~rvie~ as this. ¥ear's r Hqmeco~iJ)g 21-23, the A.S.O. sold shish kebab, would also like to thank the following individuals. Again, I would like to IGJ}g ~~gratu_!a~9ns, ~ ,· . ~ pilaf, salad, and .peda bread at the people: Allan Jendian, for organizing thank everyone who graciously Matthew Jendian has ~so put Fresno International Food Expo on the the Armenian section at the mall and contributed their time. Letters to the Editor Dear Editor, since moving to San Diego have been I have enjoyed recetvmg and trying to find somwhere they might reading your collegiate newspaper Hye have picnics or functions to attend. Sharzhoom. Continue your valuable When I mentioned to my niece about work. Enclosed is a check to help the Armenian Community in your area repay some of your postal expenses. and the functions at Fresno State she was thrilled. She has one year of Sincerely yours, college left and might transfer to CSU .l&!s V~j~b¢ian Fresno. Thanks again for a great Worcestor"'Mass. program!

Dear Editor, Sincerely, I am very interested in the Armenian Studies Program you have J.M. Chalik . and would like to receive a copy of San Diego, CA. your paper. I too am Armenian and

Simon the Mouse By Jeff Ahronian

H()1 1 I SQ.t~J .fk.s Q. co... r- to 0 Y1. OYlC:e···

Re me. m b>e a- k-J s J the power at -the c.r~~on is -t-r\-\.1~ mor~ . 'fo~e.r--..f""'l -tha..V\.. f~e. power o-f +he swc r cl . ·FEATURES, Page 4 Hye Sharzhoom October 1990 Hye Profile: Marvin R. Baxter Name: Marvin R. Baxter The people who have had the Occupation: Associate Justice, most impact on my life are: My California Supreme Court (effective wife and my parents. January 7, 1991) All favorite television show: Born: January 9, 1940, at Fowler, The Bill Cosby Show California All time favorite movie: Marital Status: Married to Jane Presumed Innocent Pippert Baxter since June 22, 1963. Favorite Foods: Shish Kebob and Children: Lama, 23 years old, is a pilaf. . student at Stanford Law School. Brent, Favorite vacation spot: Kona. 21, is an undergraduate student at U.C. Favorite sport: Fresno State Berkeley. basketball-- as a spectator. The purpose of my job ·is: To - People who make me laugh are: decide important legal questions and Bill Cosby and Lucille Ball. maintain uniformity in the law. _ Biggest regret: Not having more First job: Helped on the lube rack at time to spend ~th my: family. my father's garage. · If I could change one thing What I enjoy most about my about myself, I would: Be more job: Research and writing issues. outgoing. I realized I wanted to be Best gift I ever gave: When my involved in politics when: I brother and I were young boys, we gave served as ' Fresno State Student Body our mother a popcorn maker for President in 1961-62. - Christmas. · My most embarrassing moment Best gift I ever recieved: Our ever was: Joining the opposing children. Favorite way to relax~ Drive our I'm most proud of: Our children. Twenty years from now, I will team's huddle after being tackled hard in Fondest 1958 red Corvette. high school football. childhood memory: Biggest gripe: Not having the time be: Retired from the California Supreme Growing up on the family fann in to restore the Corvette. Court and thoroughly enjoying life in Fowler. Fresno.

Baxter's climb to success ·- ,·,1 . _. 2(XT1JI~ By Cynthia D. Baxter earlier this year. Baxter's twelve year stated that .he would leave the court in possible:" · His'- rma1 ~ys~ .. abo~t , Staff Writer tenn will begin January 7, 1991. January. Deukmejian, who Baxter his goals is that the public must· have Professionally, Baxter's accomp­ worked for from 1983-88 as confidence in the judicial system and When Governor George Deukmejian lishments have been a climb from his appointments secretary, described he would strive to conduct himself was first elected to the California State Fowler childhood where he grew up . Baxter in his weekly radio address ·as, with that in mind. Assembly, Marvin R. Baxter, who was with parents Ben and Margaret Baxter, "a fair but tough judge who respects Accotding to Deukmejian's radio a student at Fresno State, thought that older brother Russell and the law and the principle of judicial address, Baxter possesses qualities the prospect of someone of Armenian younger sister Pamela, working on the restraint." that are important to being in the anscestry being elected to such. a high family ranch and automobile Baxter describes his years as judiciary. "Justice Baxter understands level position was a dream. dealership. appointments secretary as the the role of judges is to fairly interpret The same type of dream became Being of Armenian descent, experience which led to his becoming the law and that our judicial system nothing more than a reality for Baxter Baxter finds that the culture provides a judge and ultimately a high court should show as much compassion for when he was confirmed · A~g~st 28 to him with the best of both worlds. "As justice. "That position involved th~ victims of crimes . and their the California State Supreme Court is frue with 'other meriiliers of "'eulnic-' managing the process under which the families as it does for the ilefendants,"­ becoming the fli'St San Joaquin Valley groups.:. we are Armericans who have governor would make appointments to hesaid. native approved as a justice since a ·very special culture and background· the executive and judicial branch," said Baxter listed his own opiriion of 1855. to relate to," he said. He also noted Baxter, who added that his involve­ qualities that apply to being a good Baxter was sworn into office after tb.at since his background is ment led to his interest in the Appelate judge . at any level. These qualities a confirmation hearing by the state significantly different compared to court, which he served on since include willingness and ability to Commission of Judicial Appoint­ other members of the court, he can December of 1988 in the Fresno 5th listen, consideration to points on both ments, and after ninning on the better understand the interests of those District Court. sides, resolving the isstie , at hand November ballot for voter approval, who live in the San Joaquin Valley. Goals as -a Supreme Court Justice based on the law as ·it exists, and will join the court's six other justices Deukmejian announced the are nothing that Baxter can set down always giving due deference to the including fellow Armenian, . Justice appointment of Baxter on July 28 to · as a specific agenda, but rather he aims three branches of state government Arman~ Arabian, who joined the court fill the bench of David Eagleson who to, "be as thorough and diligent as Catholicos Karekin II Visits .Fresno By Janice Caprelian arrived in Fresno." on Friday, June 22, His Holiness was greeted.:'· at the and killed Talaat Pasha, the key figure · Staff Writer for a four day Pontifical Visit to the church entrance by Rev. Father Hrant in the Ottoman government res­ Holy Trinity Armenian Apostolic Serabian, parish ·priest and Board of ponsible for the Armenian Genocide of Church parish. Trustees Chairman . Marvin Caprelian 1915. Mter Tehlirian was aquitted in His Holiness Karekin ll, Catholicos The Catholicos was accompanied by and members of the community. Germany~ he moved to Fresno where he of the Great House of Cilicia, Archbishop Datev Sarkissian, Pre­ This is His Holiness's second spent the rest of his life. headquarted in Antelias, Lebanon, late of the Western Prelacy. visit to Fresno in the last two years. Later in the afternoon, Cathol­ His Holiness is the spiritual leader · icos Karekin II, visited The California of about 175,000 Armenian in Armenian Home. He toured the home California. He is the spiritual head of and met and talked with the elderly churches in the Middle East as well. people. Armenians in Lebanon have been A Pontifical Banquerwas held in his suffering from the current war between honor in the church hall on Saturday, Christian factions in East Beirut. June23. More than 20 bombs have fallen on All proceeds from the banq~et went as ::!!" the Catholicosates's building and a donation for the Armenian people of ...- grounds causing havoc in the lives of Lebanon . ~ the brotherhood and seminarians. Sunday, June 24, the Divine ~ In his speech to the congregation, Liturgy was celebrated by the Very r..... His Holiness spoke of the 160,000 Rev. Papken Charian. His Holiness ~ Armenians in East Beirut with no gave the days sermon both in Armen­ ~ electricity, no running water, no ian and in English. He used the Gospel ~ schools, no place to work, and little theme of the day from Matthew 7:21 , ~ mone~ . to purchase food and other "For where your heart is, there your § necesSities. heart will be also." g On Saturday morning, June 23, a That evening a private recepton ... pilgrimage to the Tehlirian Monument was held at the Armenain Cultural at the Masis Ararat Cemetary , topped Foundation in Sunnyside, Fresno. off the days activities. An estimated Members of Church aid organizations, two hundred people were present. board of trustees members, com- His Holinesss spoke to the crowd His Holiness Karekin ll attending the Pontifical Banquet at Holy · about the living spirit of Soghomon See CATHOLICOS, Pg. 6 Trinity Church in Fresno. Tehlinan. It was Tehlirian who shot October 1990 Hye Sharzhoom Page 5, FEATURES ' Book Review Author describes his venture to fatherland as a priest, to visit the house where his upon by ·the author occured in Aintab. this church where his great grandfather grandfather was raised, and to walk the A 75 year old ·man, who had been left served as a priest, and his grandfather very streets that the both of them had as an orphan with his brother, had a as assistant He also walked the very walked. During the flight, he book which would reveal his identity - streets that his ancestors had walked. contrasted himself -in the comfort of an his heritige - which to this day he did His destination, his goal, his heritige airplane to the cold and starving not know. The book had been left to and roots - found! Armenians in forced exile 75 . years him ·and his older brother upon their In my opinion, what made this By Armen Aghishian earlier. It is these thoughts and father's death in 1915. Since then, book so effective was the interaction Staff Writer feelings th~t make it evident that his they had been raised by Turks as Turks. with various people that the author · journey was much more than a His brother had since died. encountered during the journey. Each It has been said that the best way to sightseeing trip - it was going to be Fortunately for this man, Garbis is one of lh:ese people had their own learn about a country is to actually serious and challenging expedition. knowledgeable in many languages, grisly account of the Genocide, and of visit the country. Unfortunately for When he arrived in Istanbul, he and agreed to take a look at the book. the various cities the Genocide most people (including myself) a trip felt uncomfortable, and was very He readily identified it! Full of entailed. I also give much credit to the · to Armenia is well ~yond any feasible careful of his actions and statements as · suspended emotions, Garbis revealed author for his extenstve knowledge in budget However (to our benefit), he was in Turkish hands. to the man that the Bible was the various aspects of Armenian Garbis Der Yeghiayan has presented us From there he taxied to Aintab, Armenian and subsequently that the history. He goes into explicit detail with the next best thing with his which is now the center of Turkey's man was . indeed not Turkish, but of many incihistory of Armenia. impressive Aintab College (est he was able to meet some local interaction with the numerous - As Der Yeghiayan began his 1876). Years ago many Armenians Annenians who provided him with passersby and ~cquaintances along the flight to Istanbul, he . described the graduated from these . prestigious infonnation . and facts about some of way provides us with an infonnative, · purpose and goals of his trip clearly. schools. · Unfortunately these schools .the ancient buildings of the city. One interesting, · and truly touching His endeavor was to see the church closed when the Genocipe began. of those building was the St. Sarkis contribution to the Armenian cause. where his great· grandfather had served A gripping incident elaborated Armenian Apostolic Church. It was at Students answer questions Campus "Hye" Profile about trip to Armenia Students Answer Question on Armenia in such a short amount of time. ''understanding that the Armenians more than willing to help out in any Annen : Yes and no. Many of my have.. been per~ecuted in the past and way I could, which includes making the By Sonia Devejian trip there." · and Jonelle Garo questions were . answered, but even many were forced ·to leave their homeland and also knowing that Staff Writers ~ many, many mory are no~ in my m~sL ·­ t i ... ..SUC •.AOJO 0 OXU 102 0 tr(Jllelin.g to and.from Armenia is easier A~:.a Keb.~bji~ these days, would you be willing to SOphomore-Business They left on Saturday mo~~· J~e 2, Q~ What w~ your grea~t experle~;? move to Armenia?" Administration major 1990 from Los Angeles: :_~ )ltetnattonal "No.. I have established my Airport. Five young :~:. ~en, with Phil : Meeting and having one-on­ Armenian roots in the United States and hundreds of thoughts · crossing their one contact with the native Phillipe Markarian would be more than willing to continue minds, were on their . way to the Armenians. I got a feeling of how , Junior-Finance major to support the Armenian community motherland, Armenia. In exclusive misfortunate they are and how "No, I would not move back . to an here." and provocative interview, the Hye fortunate we are living in'America. Armenia because I am of American spoke with three of the Matt : Waking up every morning descent. I truly love the United States. Sharzhoom · Khajag Zeitlian men: Philip Gam,·: a twenty-two year and seeing Mt Ararat We are more sophisicated technology­ Freshman-Functional Biology old student of engineering at Fresno Armen : Living each day submerged wise and educational-wise. The life major State; Matthew A. endian, a twenty­ in a totally Annenian environment It style there compared to here is very was unbelievable. I had never different Therefore,] would continue to "Yes, but not now. When Armenia one year old soc1ology major at is completely saved from the Soviet Fresno State; and Annen M. Devejian, expected it to be that purely traditional live here." and genuine. Union, then I would be more than a twenty-year old . student . of willing to move. For the time being, I architecture. Tamar Chaderjian Q : What was your worst experience? Freshman-Political Science will do anything possible to work for Armenia's independence while I reside in · Question : Why did you go? major Phil, Matt, anti Armen : Being "Yes, I would defmitely move to the United States." stuck jn Moscow airport waiting for Armenia for as much time as it would Phil : I wanted to experience my Tania Alikian Armenian heritage and see 'Yhere my ·our flight to Yerevan for twenty-two take for me to aid the Armenians. I hours with no food or running water. would then bring back to the United Freshman-Marketing major ancestors lived. "I really don't think I would be 1be purpose of my voyage was There·· was no bathroom, no place to States an awareness of their problems. Matt: willing to go at this time, because I to get see my motherland and get in sleep, and no one spoke English or Furthermore, I would take back from the even Armenian. United States ·the answers that the would like to continue my studies in touch with my roots. . order to gain more knowledge and Armen : I wanted to experience this Armenians in Armenia woul!} need to understanding to help out in the future." place I had heard so much about but in Q : What were the people like? Their grow and increase. II reality knew so little. attitudes and personalities? Cindy Alikian Roger Shirin Sophomore-Industrial Waste Q : Did you have any hesitations ·aobut Phil : The people were willing to Senior-Accounting ~ajor · Technology major the trip? give the shirt ~ off o.f their own back. "My Armenian heritage · is very They barely had enough goods for important to me and if the Armenians "It all depends, if my grandmother is willing to pay for the air fare, then I Phil : Yes, because of the military themselves, yet they were giving. living in Armenia are experiencing some . ··might consider it. II violence by the Soviet troops and the Matt : The people were very type of strife or catastrophe, I would be rumors of Armenian radical ·military hospitable. They would give us their \------.....,.~~~~~~======~~====­ groups. last piece of food. -They were eager for Matt : No, no hesitations. knowledge about our American life. Armen : My only ~esitation was a AIJTlen : They were very genuine and slight apprehension of traveling to sincere. I saw an innocence that they the Soviet Union at a time when there have lost. They were not naive about is so much. ha~ning so quickly. · I , · their lives: yet they still had hope. did not know what the status of the They knew that there · was something region was going to be from one better out there han what they were day to the next. living.

Q : Were you able to achieve your Q : Could you have stayed longer? purpose for going? Phil : Yes, it was defmetly an Phil : I could have probably stayed adventure. See pg.~ Matt : Yes, we saw and did so much QUESTIONS,

'-'·

~.:~.: .. :fage 6 Hye Sharzhoom October 1990 Road To ·Tabriz HYE License Plates •. by Y. Stephen Bulbulian · personalized license plates. I figured By M. Leon Peters since they cost twenty five dollars Staff Writer annually, Armenians wouldn't want to Hearing the s<;reams resounding, pay for them · because they cost too echoing faster, The license plate. It is a form of much. Thus, the only rational identification for an automobile. All explanations I could think of were: 1) the noise moves swiftly cars, by law, are required to have this"' the resurgence--·- . of Armenian notunlike those in fe~. seven digit piece of metal on their nationalists or, 2) Armenians ·have a front and rear bumpers. The reasoq we lot of pride in themselves and are not Startled and afraid, have them is so that police officers afraid of telling other people w~o they can easily identify us when we go fifty are. After hours and hours of deep the vision returned. through a school zone. Examples of thought, I came to the conclusion that On the road to Tabriz typical license plates are 1JFZ833, Armenians put HYE on their license 1EZA212, HYENMYT... wait a second, ' plates because they are proud to be the woman cried · HYENMYT? What type of license Armenians and are not afraid to show among voices breaking plate is HYENMYT??? Was this a it! fluke pri,nted by some prison inmate or I decided to look into the and fear frozen looks did the DMV issue a special series of situation a little bit further and, with of terror and alarm. license plates? strenuous and time consuming Actually, HYENMYT is a person­ · investigation, I was able to locate alizeq license plate. In case you were many other HYE plates. For example: At frrst in black and white, wondering·, the HYE stands for 5Ff HYE, HYERIDE •. 1HAFHYE, Armenian (I found this out in my LCKYHYE, MffiDZHYE, YESHYEM, the moment returned to sepia Armenian 1A class). In fact, there are HYEPER, and RIDNHYE. and naked huddled forms several other license plates around Here, however, are ,some of my Fresno that I have seen ~plastered - suggestions for anyone who is of terror-struck mothers, all over. Last Saturday night while I thinking of obtaining a license plate was driving down Blackstone avenue I with HYE on it: HAR YHYE, daughters, sisters, wives. saw a black convertible IROC. It blew NOSYHYE, RASNHYE (Raisin Hye), And tears return of sadness ·by me (in the· process of running a red HYEFIVE, VERYHYE, ODARHYE, light I might add) like it was being HYES-R-US, IAMHYE, R U HYE, for losing·one so near cbased by the police. The license plate CRZYHY.E and, of course, BO KNOWS and the nightmare reoccurs, on this outlaw's car was HYECLAS. HYE (too bad it doesn't fit). Two days later, as I was again gingerly Thu~. i.n t})is : day and age _where in deep though~ the moment re~ms . . minding my own business, I saw a · everything doeS{l.'t . necessarily r appear Chevy Astro van with tinted windows to be what it really is, you ·can bet your and a lowered frame speed past me as I last dollar that the next time you see a was stopped at an intersection between license plate with HYE on it that the - Fowler and Jensen avenue. I was owner of the vehicle is either: 1) . a ~ Tradition For The Finest'™ utterly astounded to find out that the resurgent Armenian nationalist, or 2) a li.cense plate read HYEKIDS. proud Aiinenian with a keen sense of After . · witnessing · these two humor. unbelievable phenomena, I · started A contributor to this article was Jeff wonderinsz: whv Armenians would Ahronian ·

CATHOLICOS,cont. from pg. 4 earthquake. ' ':1 ! On. Monday, Jufle 25, on his {inal munity organizations, Sunday School day of his Pontifical visit in 'Fresno: a Staff, and the church youth group were press conference was held with His invited to spend the evening with the Holiness at the Centre Plaza Holliday Catholicos in a more relaxed at­ Inn. · mosphere. After the tour a barbecue In addition to our famous ... Catholicos of All Armen­ lunche()n, prepared by the Y. outh Group 'Parag-Batz' ~rmenian Gracker'Bread) ians, V azken I , together with Karekin of the Church, was given in His 'Bye DeLitea' (gourmet Grackers) IT, issued a joint communique to all Holiness's honor at the home of Sark We have ~enian Pastries and Delicacies ... Armenian Church -Dioceses in the and Virginia SarabiaD in Sanger. The La~jooa P~va Pi8tacbio• Sborag · Koofta Stria« Sbee•e SaJ&bar (;rape Leave• world to start fundraising to help the youth prepared. some of his favorite Yalaacbi Bal~a (irala• &oabera& Armenians in Lebanon." dishes consisting of hamburgers and The two Catholicoses have · chili hotdogs. 445-1511 worked closely together in the past. On June 26, Tuesday morning, His Karekin II, of the Great House of Holiness said a prayer of departure at 2222 Santa Glara (at 'L' Street)/Fresno. Ga. 93721 Cilicia, has made five pilgrimages to the church before, he left for his next Glosed Sunday & c?donday/Wholesale &~tail the Mother See of Etchmiazin. Two of leg of his Pontifical visit in Los cAvaUable at local markets. the visits were after the 1988 Angeles.

Local Artist Constructs Monument

By Jeff Ahronian Karabagh. Editor The Saroyan monument was started almost one year ago when There it stands... a rather ominous Sameulian thought that he should do structure. The monument which Varaz something for his friend Saroyan, who Samuelian has dedicated to his life­ died in 1981. Samuelian, who also long friend and confidant, the world designed the bust of Saioyan that renowned writer-playwright, William greets visitors to the William Saroyan Saroyan. . Standing over forty feet in theater, has many other tributes to the height, it leaves a lasting impression Fresno author located throughout his on nearly everyone who sees it downtown museum, · including a It was announced weeks before Wilfuun Saroyan memorabilia room. that the drive to raise funds for the · ~v araz and Saroyan were the best completion of the Saroyan monument of friends when Willie was alive," said would end officially on November 20, Ben Amirkhanian, the chairman of the 1990. The fund drive, which began in William Saroyan Festival, in a press June, seeks to raise $30,000. release. "But more importantly, they When I visited the · artist, at his respected each other as Armenian studio in downtown Fresno, he was artists. Who would be more working on his latest project-- a wall appropriate to honor Willie with a painting of Marilyn Monroe and Da statue than Varaz?" Vinci's Mona Lisa . Samuelian,. who Once, when Saroyan was asked if was born in Yerevan; Armenia 73 he thought V araz Samuelian was any years ago, had just ended a 36-hour good, the Fresno auf;hor replied, "He hunger strike· in which he was is very good." If only Willie could see protesting against the situation in r himnow. V araz Samuelian standing beside his unfmished -saroyan monument. October 1990 Hye Sharzhoom

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Life over there is very difficult You QUESTIONS, need to go with someone who has continued from pg.S been there before. another week. Armen: Be prepared for the experience of a lifetime. Life there is Matt: No, 3 l{l weeks in Armenia was just right · very difficult, but at the same time, very simple. Expect to be surprised Armen: Yes, if I had planned for a and shocked at hQw the system does longer stay. and does not work. Would you go again? Q : Q : Is there anything you regret not being able to do? Phil: I would like to go again for an extended visit in order to learn Armen­ ian better. Phil: Nothing. We 'did everything Matt: Definitely. possible. We did things I never Armen: Definitely. At least once thought we would do. more. lbere is a place I now recognize Matt: Not being able to visit Spitale as not only my historical past, but my because of a lack of fuel. We did so personal present and future. much, however, that I could not be more satisfied with our trip. Q: What type of advice would you Armen: · As I· was leaving, not only give to someone wanting to go to Ar­ did I feel sad, but also I regretted not menia either for the summer or for a· being able to take all of my new year to study? freinds and family with me back to America For them to experience life The 7th ~entury C~thederal of Talin is currently undergoing Phil: Go with an open mind, expect here and all of the joys, comforts and renovations. the unexpected. Don't think that you opportunities it has to offer. They had will have all the comforts of home. so many questions about life here, Matr.Do not expect all the about Armenians here. I wish there conveniences that you have at home. was someway to show them firsthand.

Armenia, cont. from pg. 8 Goris. Perched dn a hill overlooking a valley, Noravank ranks among the who travel there on foot or by car. The archaelogical wonders of the world with Monastery of Datev has been returned to its intricate carvipgs and khatchkars the jurisdiction of the Armenian Church (stone-crosses). HUMAN RIGHTS attention? and is currently being rennovated. The month passed quickly for the continued from page 2 Armenia is a treasure trove of young travelers. A two day stay in Mos­ "For Azerbaijan, Karabagh churches, monasteries, and cathedrals. cow was on the return agenda and there "Karabagh began with law, Azerbaijan is a question of prestige; fur · Among which visited by the group were was much to do before the last few responded with violence," she states. Armenia it is a question of Talin, Artik, Lmbatavank, Gladzor, hours of ~eking. Much was accom­ In a commentary on the nature of the life!" Haghartsin, and Goshavank. A splendid plished by simply having been to Karabagh conflict she says, ''Why do I A. Sakharov historical site was the monastery of Armenia and experienceing life in a write about Armenia? Not because the Amaghou Noravank on the road to country where most were Armenians. fate of an entire people is involved; and Armenians throughout the world have not (let some forgive me) because a welcomed the re-establishment of a ------~ Christian people is involved. But government in Armenia that reflects the ( ASP Fall Lecture Series 1 because nowhere else have the central popular will and it is expected ·that the authorities demonstrated so clearly their Republic of Armenia will take the inclination, not to protect the weak­ necessary means to defend the Armenian "Video Images which is the • most important population against further agression. responsibility of any government-but to Those who have joined in signing the of help the strong." open letter have indeed taken a strong Bonner continues with an analysis of step toward alerting the world to the Armenia and Ankara" the real reasons behind the bloodshed and threat of a second genocide against the ...~ the disharmony in th~ region. Two Armenians. It is up to the United States ·A lecture-video presentation on political weeks before Andrei Sakharov's death he and other nations to also condemn the developments in Armenia said in the Sup~me Soviet, anti-Armenian pogroms. and the 11th Turkish History Congress in Ankara "For Azerbaijan, Karabagh is a Human rights as a doctrine should question of prestige; for Armenia it is a mean that people have equal and question of life!" inalienable rights wherever they live in It is very encouraging to see that a the world. Those rights should include Guest Lecturer: Levon Marashlian diverse group of writers, political the right to security of life, and freedom Associate Professor of History scientists and artists, have joined to to maintain their cultural identity. For Glendale College issue a statement which so strongly the Armenians of the Soviet Union condemns the infringement of the human rights means the right to life ·human rights of Armenians · in the itself- and the right to defend themselves Sunday~ ~~·October 21, 1990 Soviet Union. against the racist campaign which has 2:00pm How many more Armenians must die been unleashed against them. before the nations of the world pay Industrial Arts Room 101 CSU Fresno Campus

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