Növényvédelmi Technológiák Hatása Pók (Araneae) Együttesekre, Fás Szárú Kertészeti Kultúrákban

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Növényvédelmi Technológiák Hatása Pók (Araneae) Együttesekre, Fás Szárú Kertészeti Kultúrákban DOKTORI (PhD) ÉRTEKEZÉS PANNON EGYETEM GEORGIKON KAR NÖVÉNYVÉDELMI INTÉZET ÁLLAT- ÉS AGRÁRKÖRNYEZET-TUDOMÁNYI DOKTORI ISKOLA ISKOLAVEZETŐ: Dr. Anda Angéla egyetemi tanár TÉMAVEZETŐ: DR. MARKÓ VIKTOR egyetemi docens BELSŐ TÉMAVEZETŐ: DR. KONDOROSY ELŐD egyetemi docens NÖVÉNYVÉDELMI TECHNOLÓGIÁK HATÁSA PÓK (ARANEAE) EGYÜTTESEKRE, FÁS SZÁRÚ KERTÉSZETI KULTÚRÁKBAN Készítette: KERESZTES BALÁZS KESZTHELY 2013 NÖVÉNYVÉDELMI TECHNOLÓGIÁK HATÁSA PÓK (ARANEAE) EGYÜTTESEKRE, FÁS SZÁRÚ KERTÉSZETI KULTÚRÁKBAN Értekezés, doktori (PhD) fokozat elnyerése érdekében Írta: KERESZTES BALÁZS KÉSZÜLT A PANNON EGYETEM, ÁLLAT- ÉS AGRÁRKÖRNYEZET-TUDOMÁNYI DOKTORI ISKOLA „AGRÁRTUDOMÁNYI ÉS TERMÉSZETTUDOMÁNYI” PROGRAMJA, „KÖRNYEZETTUDOMÁNYOK/KÖRNYEZETTUDOMÁNY KÉPZÉSI ÁG” ALPROGRAMJA KERETÉBEN Témavezető: Dr. Markó Viktor Elfogadásra javaslom (igen / nem) ………………………. (aláírás) A jelölt a doktori szigorlaton ........%-ot ért el, Az értekezést bírálóként elfogadásra javaslom: Bíráló neve: …........................ …................. igen /nem ………………………. (aláírás) Bíráló neve: …........................ …................. igen /nem ………………………. (aláírás) A jelölt az értekezés nyilvános vitáján..…..........%-ot ért el. Keszthely, 2013. …………………………. a Bíráló Bizottság elnöke A doktori (PhD) oklevél minősítése…................................. ………………………… Az EDHT elnöke 3 Tartalom 1. Kivonatok ............................................................................................................................... 6 1. 1. Magyar nyelvű kivonat ................................................................................................... 6 1. 2. Abstract ........................................................................................................................ 10 1. 3. Auszug .......................................................................................................................... 13 2. Bevezetés .............................................................................................................................. 17 2. 1. A pókok faj- és egyedszáma, jelentősége, elterjedése és élőhely választása ............... 18 2. 2. A hazai arachnológiai kutatások rövid, történeti áttekintése ........................................ 20 2. 3. Életciklusuk, aktivitásuk, dinamikájuk ........................................................................ 23 2. 4. Táplálékválasztás, táplálkozási stratégia ...................................................................... 26 2. 5. A pókok kártevő korlátozó szerepe, kártevőkből álló táplálékspektruma.................... 31 2. 5. 1. A pókok kártevő rovarokból álló táplálékspektruma ........................................... 34 2. 5. 2. A pókok kártevő atkákból álló táplálékspektruma ............................................... 42 2. 6. A pókok felhasználási lehetősége a biológiai védekezésben ....................................... 43 2. 7. Növényvédő szerek és élőhely manipuláció hatása pókokra agrárterületeken ............ 46 2. 8. Honnan származik, illetve honnan pótlódik az ültetvények pókfaunája? .................... 54 2. 9. Pókok előfordulása és jelentősége ültetvényekben ...................................................... 55 2. 9. 1. Pókok szerepe szőlőültetvényekben ..................................................................... 60 3. Célkitűzések ......................................................................................................................... 63 3. 1. Hárs és juharfák pókfaunisztikai kutatása .................................................................... 63 3. 2. Különböző növényvédelmi technológiák hatása angliai almaültetvények pók- együtteseire, azok zsákmányellátottságára, abundanciájára................................................. 63 3. 2. 1. Az East Malling-i szermaradvány-mentes növényvédelmi stratégia ................... 65 3. 3. Almaültetvény talajtakarásának hatása a pók-együttesekre ......................................... 66 3. 4. Különböző művelési módok hatása szőlőültetvény talajfelszíni pók-együtteseire ...... 67 4. Anyag és módszer ................................................................................................................ 68 4. 1. Hárs és juharfák pókfaunisztikai kutatása .................................................................... 68 4. 1. 1. Mintavételi módszerek és helyek bemutatása ...................................................... 68 4. 1. 2. Az adatok elemzése .............................................................................................. 70 4. 2. Különböző növényvédelmi technológiák hatása angliai almaültetvények pók- együtteseire, azok zsákmányellátottságára, abundanciájára................................................. 70 4. 2. 1. A faunisztikai vizsgálatokban szereplő ültetvények bemutatása ......................... 70 4. 2. 2. Az East Malling-i ültetvényben alkalmazott három növényvédelmi stratégia .... 72 4. 2. 3. Mintavételi módszerek ......................................................................................... 73 4. 2. 4. Az adatok elemzése .............................................................................................. 75 4. 3. Almaültetvény talajtakarásának hatása a pók-együttesekre ......................................... 77 4. 3. 1. A kísérleti ültetvény és a kezelések bemutatása ................................................... 77 4. 3. 2. Mintavételi módszerek ......................................................................................... 79 4. 3. 3. Az adatok elemzése .............................................................................................. 80 4. 4. Különböző művelési módok hatása szőlőültetvény talajfelszíni pók-együtteseire ...... 82 4. 4. 1. A kísérleti ültetvény és a kezelések bemutatása ................................................... 82 4. 4. 2. Mintavételi módszerek ......................................................................................... 83 4. 4. 3. Az adatok elemzése .............................................................................................. 84 5. Eredmények és értékelésük .................................................................................................. 85 5. 1. Hárs és juharfák pókfaunisztikai kutatása .................................................................... 85 5. 2. Különböző növényvédelmi technológiák hatása angliai almaültetvények pók- együtteseire, azok zsákmányellátottságára, abundanciájára................................................. 92 4 5. 2. 1. Faunisztikai eredmények ...................................................................................... 92 5. 2. 2. Összes egyedsűrűség és a nemeket érő különböző hatások ............................... 101 5. 2. 3. Az éves aktivitás ................................................................................................. 102 5. 2. 4. A lombkoronaszint pók-együttesének összetétele .............................................. 105 5. 2. 5. A potenciális zsákmány és a pók egyedsűrűség alakulása ................................. 107 5. 3. Almaültetvény talajtakarásának hatása a pók-együttesekre ....................................... 109 5. 3. 1. Faunisztikai eredmények .................................................................................... 109 5. 3. 2. A különböző talajtakarási rendszerek hatása a lombkorona pók-együtteseire ... 112 5. 3. 3. A lombkoronaszint pók-együtteseinek hasonlósága és diverzitása .................... 117 5. 3. 4. A potenciális zsákmány és a pók egyedsűrűség alakulása ................................. 120 5. 4. Különböző művelési módok hatása szőlőültetvény talajfelszíni pók-együtteseire .... 121 6. Megvitatás, következtetések, javaslatok ............................................................................ 128 6. 1. Hárs és juharfák pókfaunisztikai kutatása .................................................................. 128 6. 2. Különböző növényvédelmi technológiák hatása angliai almaültetvények pók- együtteseire, azok zsákmányellátottságára, abundanciájára............................................... 131 6. 3. Almaültetvény talajtakarásának hatása a pók-együttesekre ....................................... 136 6. 4. Különböző művelési módok hatása szőlőültetvény talajfelszíni pók-együtteseire .... 140 7. Összefoglalás ...................................................................................................................... 142 8. Köszönetnyilvánítás ........................................................................................................... 147 9. Irodalomjegyzék ................................................................................................................. 149 10. Az értekezés tézisei .......................................................................................................... 187 10. 1. Magyar nyelvű tézispontok ...................................................................................... 187 10. 2. Angol nyelvű tézispontok ......................................................................................... 191 Mellékletek ............................................................................................................................. 195 5 1. Kivonatok 1. 1. Magyar nyelvű kivonat „Növényvédelmi technológiák hatása pók (Araneae) együttesekre, fás szárú kertészeti kultúrákban” Az ízeltlábú ragadozók fontos csoportját alkotják a pókok (Araneae), többek között polifág táplálkozásuk, változatos zsákmányszerzési
Recommended publications
  • TFG Lucas Fernandez Miriam.Pdf
    UNIVERSIDAD DE JAÉN Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales Trabajo Fin de Grado Revisión bibliográfica de los Licósidos (Araneidae, Lycosidae) presentes en el sureste de la península ibérica Ciencias Experimentales Alumno: Miriam Lucas Fernández Facultad de Julio, 2020 UNIVERSIDAD DE JAÉN FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS EXPERIMENTALES GRADO EN BIOLOGÍA Trabajo Fin de Grado Revisión bibliográfica de los Licósidos (Araneidae, Lycosidae) presentes en el sureste de la península ibérica Miriam Lucas Fernández Julio, 2020 1 RESUMEN ………………………………………………………………………………3 2 INTRODUCCIÓN ................................................................................................ 4 2.1 Distribución y diversidad de las arañas ......................................................... 4 2.2 Morfología biológica ...................................................................................... 5 2.3 Biología reproductiva del orden Araneae ...................................................... 7 3 OBJETIVOS ........................................................................................................ 8 4 MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS ............................................................................... 9 5 FAMILIA LYCOSIDAE: Perspectiva mundial e ibérica ....................................... 9 5.1 Taxonomía .................................................................................................. 10 5.2 Identificación ............................................................................................... 12 5.3 Hábitat ........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • SLAM Project
    Biodiversity Data Journal 9: e69924 doi: 10.3897/BDJ.9.e69924 Data Paper SLAM Project - Long Term Ecological Study of the Impacts of Climate Change in the natural forest of Azores: I - the spiders from native forests of Terceira and Pico Islands (2012-2019) Ricardo Costa‡, Paulo A. V. Borges‡,§ ‡ cE3c – Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes / Azorean Biodiversity Group and Universidade dos Açores, Rua Capitão João d’Ávila, São Pedro, 9700-042, Angra do Heroismo, Azores, Portugal § IUCN SSC Mid-Atlantic Islands Specialist Group,, Angra do Heroísmo, Azores, Portugal Corresponding author: Paulo A. V. Borges ([email protected]) Academic editor: Pedro Cardoso Received: 09 Jun 2021 | Accepted: 05 Jul 2021 | Published: 01 Sep 2021 Citation: Costa R, Borges PAV (2021) SLAM Project - Long Term Ecological Study of the Impacts of Climate Change in the natural forest of Azores: I - the spiders from native forests of Terceira and Pico Islands (2012-2019). Biodiversity Data Journal 9: e69924. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.9.e69924 Abstract Background Long-term monitoring of invertebrate communities is needed to understand the impact of key biodiversity erosion drivers (e.g. habitat fragmentation and degradation, invasive species, pollution, climatic changes) on the biodiversity of these high diverse organisms. The data we present are part of the long-term project SLAM (Long Term Ecological Study of the Impacts of Climate Change in the natural forest of Azores) that started in 2012, aiming to understand the impact of biodiversity erosion drivers on Azorean native forests (Azores, Macaronesia, Portugal). In this contribution, the design of the project, its objectives and the first available data for the spider fauna of two Islands (Pico and Terceira) are described.
    [Show full text]
  • 22 3 259 263 Mikhailov Alopecosa.P65
    Arthropoda Selecta 22(3): 259263 © ARTHROPODA SELECTA, 2013 Tarentula Sundevall, 1833 and Alopecosa Simon, 1885: a historical account (Aranei: Lycosidae) Tarentula Sundevall, 1833 è Alopecosa Simon, 1885: èñòîðè÷åñêèé îáçîð (Aranei: Lycosidae) K.G. Mikhailov Ê.Ã. Ìèõàéëîâ Zoological Museum MGU, Bolshaya Nikitskaya Str. 6, Moscow 125009 Russia. Çîîëîãè÷åñêèé ìóçåé ÌÃÓ, óë. Áîëüøàÿ Íèêèòñêàÿ, 6, Ìîñêâà 125009 Ðîññèÿ. KEY WORDS: Tarentula, Alopecosa, nomenclature, synonymy, spiders, Lycosidae. ÊËÞ×ÅÂÛÅ ÑËÎÂÀ: Tarentula, Alopecosa, íîìåíêëàòóðà, ñèíîíèìèÿ, ïàóêè, Lycosidae. ABSTRACT. History of Tarentula Sundevall, 1833 genus Lycosa to include the following 11 species (the and Alopecosa Simon, 1885 is reviewed. Validity of current species assignments follow the catalogues by Alopecosa Simon, 1885 is supported. Reimoser [1919], Roewer [1954a], and, especially, Bonnet [1955, 1957, 1959]): ÐÅÇÞÌÅ. Äàí îáçîð èñòîðèè ðîäîâûõ íàçâà- Lycosa Fabrilis [= Alopecosa fabrilis (Clerck, 1758)], íèé Tarentula Sundevall, 1833 è Alopecosa Simon, L. trabalis [= Alopecosa inquilina (Clerck, 1758), male, 1885. Îáîñíîâàíà âàëèäíîñòü íàçâàíèÿ Alopecosa and A. trabalis (Clerck, 1758), female], Simon, 1885. L. vorax?, male [= either Alopecosa trabalis or A. trabalis and A. pulverulenta (Clerck, 1758), according Introduction to different sources], L. nivalis male [= Alopecosa aculeata (Clerck, 1758)], The nomenclatorial problems concerning the ge- L. barbipes [sp.n.] [= Alopecosa barbipes Sundevall, neric names Tarantula Fabricius, 1793, Tarentula Sun- 1833, = A. accentuata (Latreille, 1817)], devall, 1833 and Alopecosa Simon, 1885 have been L. cruciata female [sp.n.] [= Alopecosa barbipes Sun- discussed in the arachnological literature at least twice devall, 1833, = A. accentuata (Latreille, 1817)], [Charitonov, 1931; Bonnet, 1951]. However, the arach- L. pulverulenta [= Alopecosa pulverulenta], nological community seems to have overlooked or ne- L.
    [Show full text]
  • Arachnids (Excluding Acarina and Pseudoscorpionida) of the Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge, Oklahoma
    OCCASIONAL PAPERS THE MUSEUM TEXAS TECH UNIVERSITY NUMBER 67 5 SEPTEMBER 1980 ARACHNIDS (EXCLUDING ACARINA AND PSEUDOSCORPIONIDA) OF THE WICHITA MOUNTAINS WILDLIFE REFUGE, OKLAHOMA JAMES C. COKENDOLPHER AND FRANK D. BRYCE The Wichita Mountains are located in eastern Greer, southern Kiowa, and northwestern Comanche counties in Oklahoma. Since their formation more than 300 million years ago, these rugged mountains have been fragmented and weathered, until today the highest peak (Mount Pinchot) stands only 756 meters above sea level (Tyler, 1977). The mountains are composed predominantly of granite and gabbro. Forests of oak, elm, and walnut border most waterways, while at elevations from 153 to 427 meters prair­ ies are the predominant vegetation type. A more detailed sum­ mary of the climatic and biotic features of the Wichitas has been presented by Blair and Hubbell (1938). A large tract of land in the eastern range of the Wichita Moun­ tains (now northeastern Comanche County) was set aside as the Wichita National Forest by President McKinley during 1901. In 1905, President Theodore Roosevelt created a game preserve on those lands managed by the Forest Service. Since 1935, this pre­ serve has been known as the Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge. Numerous papers on Oklahoma spiders have been published (Bailey and Chada, 1968; Bailey et al., 1968; Banks et al, 1932; Branson, 1958, 1959, 1966, 1968; Branson and Drew, 1972; Gro- thaus, 1968; Harrel, 1962, 1965; Horner, 1975; Rogers and Horner, 1977), but only a single, comprehensive work (Banks et al., 1932) exists covering all arachnid orders in the state. Further additions and annotations to the arachnid fauna of Oklahoma can be found 2 OCCASIONAL PAPERS MUSEUM TEXAS TECH UNIVERSITY in recent revisionary studies.
    [Show full text]
  • Abundance and Community Composition of Arboreal Spiders: the Relative Importance of Habitat Structure
    AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Juraj Halaj for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Entomology presented on May 6, 1996. Title: Abundance and Community Composition of Arboreal Spiders: The Relative Importance of Habitat Structure. Prey Availability and Competition. Abstract approved: Redacted for Privacy _ John D. Lattin, Darrell W. Ross This work examined the importance of structural complexity of habitat, availability of prey, and competition with ants as factors influencing the abundance and community composition of arboreal spiders in western Oregon. In 1993, I compared the spider communities of several host-tree species which have different branch structure. I also assessed the importance of several habitat variables as predictors of spider abundance and diversity on and among individual tree species. The greatest abundance and species richness of spiders per 1-m-long branch tips were found on structurally more complex tree species, including Douglas-fir, Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco and noble fir, Abies procera Rehder. Spider densities, species richness and diversity positively correlated with the amount of foliage, branch twigs and prey densities on individual tree species. The amount of branch twigs alone explained almost 70% of the variation in the total spider abundance across five tree species. In 1994, I experimentally tested the importance of needle density and branching complexity of Douglas-fir branches on the abundance and community structure of spiders and their potential prey organisms. This was accomplished by either removing needles, by thinning branches or by tying branches. Tying branches resulted in a significant increase in the abundance of spiders and their prey. Densities of spiders and their prey were reduced by removal of needles and thinning.
    [Show full text]
  • Effects of Climate Change on Arctic Arthropod Assemblages and Distribution Phd Thesis
    Effects of climate change on Arctic arthropod assemblages and distribution PhD thesis Rikke Reisner Hansen Academic advisors: Main supervisor Toke Thomas Høye and co-supervisor Signe Normand Submitted 29/08/2016 Data sheet Title: Effects of climate change on Arctic arthropod assemblages and distribution Author University: Aarhus University Publisher: Aarhus University – Denmark URL: www.au.dk Supervisors: Assessment committee: Arctic arthropods, climate change, community composition, distribution, diversity, life history traits, monitoring, species richness, spatial variation, temporal variation Date of publication: August 2016 Please cite as: Hansen, R. R. (2016) Effects of climate change on Arctic arthropod assemblages and distribution. PhD thesis, Aarhus University, Denmark, 144 pp. Keywords: Number of pages: 144 PREFACE………………………………………………………………………………………..5 LIST OF PAPERS……………………………………………………………………………….6 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS……………………………………………………………………...7 SUMMARY……………………………………………………………………………………...8 RESUMÉ (Danish summary)…………………………………………………………………....9 SYNOPSIS……………………………………………………………………………………....10 Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………...10 Study sites and approaches……………………………………………………………………...11 Arctic arthropod community composition…………………………………………………….....13 Potential climate change effects on arthropod composition…………………………………….15 Arctic arthropod responses to climate change…………………………………………………..16 Future recommendations and perspectives……………………………………………………...20 References………………………………………………………………………………………..21 PAPER I: High spatial
    [Show full text]
  • Distribution of Spiders in Coastal Grey Dunes
    kaft_def 7/8/04 11:22 AM Pagina 1 SPATIAL PATTERNS AND EVOLUTIONARY D ISTRIBUTION OF SPIDERS IN COASTAL GREY DUNES Distribution of spiders in coastal grey dunes SPATIAL PATTERNS AND EVOLUTIONARY- ECOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF DISPERSAL - ECOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF DISPERSAL Dries Bonte Dispersal is crucial in structuring species distribution, population structure and species ranges at large geographical scales or within local patchily distributed populations. The knowledge of dispersal evolution, motivation, its effect on metapopulation dynamics and species distribution at multiple scales is poorly understood and many questions remain unsolved or require empirical verification. In this thesis we contribute to the knowledge of dispersal, by studying both ecological and evolutionary aspects of spider dispersal in fragmented grey dunes. Studies were performed at the individual, population and assemblage level and indicate that behavioural traits narrowly linked to dispersal, con- siderably show [adaptive] variation in function of habitat quality and geometry. Dispersal also determines spider distribution patterns and metapopulation dynamics. Consequently, our results stress the need to integrate knowledge on behavioural ecology within the study of ecological landscapes. / Promotor: Prof. Dr. Eckhart Kuijken [Ghent University & Institute of Nature Dries Bonte Conservation] Co-promotor: Prf. Dr. Jean-Pierre Maelfait [Ghent University & Institute of Nature Conservation] and Prof. Dr. Luc lens [Ghent University] Date of public defence: 6 February 2004 [Ghent University] Universiteit Gent Faculteit Wetenschappen Academiejaar 2003-2004 Distribution of spiders in coastal grey dunes: spatial patterns and evolutionary-ecological importance of dispersal Verspreiding van spinnen in grijze kustduinen: ruimtelijke patronen en evolutionair-ecologisch belang van dispersie door Dries Bonte Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor [Ph.D.] in Sciences Proefschrift voorgedragen tot het bekomen van de graad van Doctor in de Wetenschappen Promotor: Prof.
    [Show full text]
  • Spider Biodiversity Patterns and Their Conservation in the Azorean
    Systematics and Biodiversity 6 (2): 249–282 Issued 6 June 2008 doi:10.1017/S1477200008002648 Printed in the United Kingdom C The Natural History Museum ∗ Paulo A.V. Borges1 & Joerg Wunderlich2 Spider biodiversity patterns and their 1Azorean Biodiversity Group, Departamento de Ciˆencias conservation in the Azorean archipelago, Agr´arias, CITA-A, Universidade dos Ac¸ores. Campus de Angra, with descriptions of new species Terra-Ch˜a; Angra do Hero´ısmo – 9700-851 – Terceira (Ac¸ores); Portugal. Email: [email protected] 2Oberer H¨auselbergweg 24, Abstract In this contribution, we report on patterns of spider species diversity of 69493 Hirschberg, Germany. the Azores, based on recently standardised sampling protocols in different hab- Email: joergwunderlich@ t-online.de itats of this geologically young and isolated volcanic archipelago. A total of 122 species is investigated, including eight new species, eight new records for the submitted December 2005 Azorean islands and 61 previously known species, with 131 new records for indi- accepted November 2006 vidual islands. Biodiversity patterns are investigated, namely patterns of range size distribution for endemics and non-endemics, habitat distribution patterns, island similarity in species composition and the estimation of species richness for the Azores. Newly described species are: Oonopidae – Orchestina furcillata Wunderlich; Linyphiidae: Linyphiinae – Porrhomma borgesi Wunderlich; Turinyphia cavernicola Wunderlich; Linyphiidae: Micronetinae – Agyneta depigmentata Wunderlich; Linyph- iidae:
    [Show full text]
  • The Jumping Spiders (Araneae: Salticidae) of the Virginia Peninsula1
    Vol. 98, No. 5, November & December 1987 235 THE JUMPING SPIDERS (ARANEAE: SALTICIDAE) OF THE VIRGINIA PENINSULA 1 2 C.L. Stietenroth, N.V. Horner ABSTRACT: Thirty species representing 1 8 genera of Salticidae are recorded from the Virginia Peninsula. Habitat and natural history information for each species is presented. Some salticids on the peninsula occupy diverse habitats while other species appear to confine themselves to more restricted environments. The most abundant salticid was Hentzia palmarum. Metaphi- dippus galathea and Platycryptus undatus were most widely distributed species. Salticids reported in Virginia for the first time are Phidippus princeps, P. otiosus, Thiodina sylvana, Sitticus fasciger and Zygoballus sexpunctatus. A few studies concerning the spider fauna of Virginia have been published. The earliest record of occurrence was by John Banister between 1678 and 1692 (Ewan and Ewan, 1970). More recently, McCaffrey and Hornsburgh published three studies concerning spiders in apple orchards in central Virginia. Their assessment of spider populations in an unsprayed orchard was published in 1 1 977 followed ( 978) by laboratory feeding studies performed to evaluate potential effects of predaceous spiders on insect residents of apple orchards. Later (1980), a comparison was made between the spider populations in abandoned and commercial orchards; 68 species were identified. Dowd and Kok (1981), and McPherson el al. (1982) considered spider and other arthropod predation on the curculionid beetle, Rhynocyllus sp., in a in 1 soybean cropping system Virginia. Holsinger ( 982) reported on the spider cave-fauna in Burnsville Cove. The efficiency of limb-beating for capturing various spider families in apple orchards is discussed by McCaffrey and Parrella(1984).
    [Show full text]
  • Landscape-Scale Connections Between the Land Use, Habitat Quality and Ecosystem Goods and Services in the Mureş/Maros Valley
    TISCIA monograph series Landscape-scale connections between the land use, habitat quality and ecosystem goods and services in the Mureş/Maros valley Edited by László Körmöczi Szeged-Arad 2012 Two countries, one goal, joint success! Landscape-scale connections between the land use, habitat quality and ecosystem goods and services in the Mureş/Maros valley TISCIA monograph series 1. J. Hamar and A. Sárkány-Kiss (eds.): The Maros/Mureş River Valley. A Study of the Geography, Hydrobiology and Ecology of the River and its Environment, 1995. 2. A. Sárkány-Kiss and J. Hamar (eds.): The Criş/Körös Rivers’ Valleys. A Study of the Geography, Hydrobiology and Ecology of the River and its Environment, 1997. 3. A. Sárkány-Kiss and J. Hamar (eds.): The Someş/Szamos River Valleys. A Study of the Geography, Hydrobiology and Ecology of the River and its Environment, 1999. 4. J. Hamar and A. Sárkány-Kiss (eds.): The Upper Tisa Valley. Preparatory Proposal for Ramsar Site Designation and an Ecological Background, 1999. 5. L. Gallé and L. Körmöczi (eds.): Ecology of River Valleys, 2000. 6. Sárkány-Kiss and J. Hamar (eds.): Ecological Aspects of the Tisa River Basin, 2002. 7. L. Gallé (ed.): Vegetation and Fauna of Tisza River Basin, I. 2005. 8. L. Gallé (ed.): Vegetation and Fauna of Tisza River Basin, II. 2008. 9. L. Körmöczi (ed.): Ecological and socio-economic relations in the valleys of river Körös/Criş and river Maros/Mureş, 2011. 10. L. Körmöczi (ed.): Landscape-scale connections between the land use, habitat quality and ecosystem goods and services in the Mureş/Maros valley, 2012.
    [Show full text]
  • Report of Cosmophasis Feeding on Butterfly Eggs in Queensland (Araneae: Salticidae: Chrysillini)
    Peckhamia 149.1 Cosmophasis feeding on butterfly eggs 1 PECKHAMIA 149.1, 30 April 2017, 1―3 ISSN 2161―8526 (print) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9DD8450B-ECDC-4C79-89EB-3A5ACB8A03E1 (registered 28 APR 2017) ISSN 1944―8120 (online) Report of Cosmophasis feeding on butterfly eggs in Queensland (Araneae: Salticidae: Chrysillini) Brian Donovan 1 and David E. Hill 2 1 email [email protected] 2 213 Wild Horse Creek Drive, Simpsonville, SC 29680-6513, USA, email [email protected] Abstract: A Cosmophasis female was observed feeding on the eggs of a nymphalid butterfly in Townsville, Queensland. Key words: Cosmophasis obscura, Cosmophasis thalassina, egg predation, jumping spider, Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Townsville Salticids exploit a variety of food sources in addition to their usual arthropod prey. Some feed on nectar (Nyffeler 2016; Nyffeler et al. 2016). Nectivory by the chrysilline Phintella vittata C. L. Koch 1846 has been described by Soren & Chowdhury (2011). Salticid spiders in turn may protect plants with extrafloral nectaries from their insect enemies (Ruhren & Handel 1999). Salticids are also known to feed on arthropod eggs or larvae (Jackson & Hallas 1986, Nyffeler et al. 1990). Grob (2015) documented feeding by the chrysilline Siler semilgaucus (Simon 1901a) on ant larvae taken directly from ant workers. Moffet (1991) photographed very small (~2 mm) Phyaces comosus Simon 1902 feeding on both eggs and young in a tended brood of the salticid spider Epeus Peckham & Peckham 1886. Many spiders including the salticid Hentzia palmarum (Hentz 1832) are known to feed on lepidopteran eggs (Pfannenstiel 2008) but photographic documentation of this behavior is lacking. One of the authors (B.
    [Show full text]
  • 196 Arachnology (2019)18 (3), 196–212 a Revised Checklist of the Spiders of Great Britain Methods and Ireland Selection Criteria and Lists
    196 Arachnology (2019)18 (3), 196–212 A revised checklist of the spiders of Great Britain Methods and Ireland Selection criteria and lists Alastair Lavery The checklist has two main sections; List A contains all Burach, Carnbo, species proved or suspected to be established and List B Kinross, KY13 0NX species recorded only in specific circumstances. email: [email protected] The criterion for inclusion in list A is evidence that self- sustaining populations of the species are established within Great Britain and Ireland. This is taken to include records Abstract from the same site over a number of years or from a number A revised checklist of spider species found in Great Britain and of sites. Species not recorded after 1919, one hundred years Ireland is presented together with their national distributions, before the publication of this list, are not included, though national and international conservation statuses and syn- this has not been applied strictly for Irish species because of onymies. The list allows users to access the sources most often substantially lower recording levels. used in studying spiders on the archipelago. The list does not differentiate between species naturally Keywords: Araneae • Europe occurring and those that have established with human assis- tance; in practice this can be very difficult to determine. Introduction List A: species established in natural or semi-natural A checklist can have multiple purposes. Its primary pur- habitats pose is to provide an up-to-date list of the species found in the geographical area and, as in this case, to major divisions The main species list, List A1, includes all species found within that area.
    [Show full text]