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Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Sticholotidinae) Zootaxa 3031: 1–13 (2011) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2011 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) A revision of the genus Stictobura Crotch and description of a new species of Sticholotis Crotch (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Sticholotidinae) J. POORANI1, NATALIA J. VANDENBERG2 & R.G. BOOTH3 1National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Insects, P.B. No. 2491, H.A. Farm Post, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, Kar- nataka, India. E-mail: [email protected] 2Systematic Entomology Lab (SEL), Plant Sciences Institute, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, c/o National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, P.O. Box 37012, MRC-168, Washington, DC 20013-7012, USA. E-mail: [email protected] 3Department of Entomology, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW75BD, United Kingdom. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract The species of Stictobura Crotch (1874) (Coccinellidae: Sticholotidinae) are revised. Stictobura gibbula (Weise, 1908) indeed belongs to Sticholotis Crotch (1874) under which it was originally described (stat. rev.) and is removed from Stic- tobura. Stictobura buruensis Korschefsky (1944) is transferred to Sticholotis (new combination). Lectotypes are desig- nated for Sticholotis (Apterolotis) andrewesi Weise (1908), Sticholotis (Apterolotis) gibbula Weise (1908), Stictobura semipolita Sicard (1911), and Stictobura rubroguttata Sicard (1925). The species of Stictobura are keyed and notes on biology are provided wherever available. Sticholotis magnostriata sp. n., which is externally similar to the species of Stic- tobura, is described from India (Assam). Key words: Stictobura, Sticholotis, Coccinellidae, Sticholotidinae, revision, new synonym, new combination, new spe- cies Introduction Members of the genus Stictobura Crotch (1874) (Coccinellidae: Sticholotidinae: Sticholotidini) are rather large ladybird beetles characterized by a distinctive, very strongly convex dorsum, reticulate microsculpture on inter- spaces between punctures on head and pronotum, and lack of functional wings. Five species of Stictobura are known at present, but that number is here reduced to three by transferring S. buruensis Korschefsky and S. gibbula (Weise) to the allied genus Sticholotis Crotch (1874). The three remaining species, Stictobura pallideguttata (Mul- sant), S. melanaria (Weise), and S. semipolita Sicard, are known only from Southern India. Miyatake (1994) in his review of Asian Sticholotidinae did not describe the genus in detail for want of sufficient study material and only included it in his key to Oriental Sticholotidini. In this paper, the genus is reviewed and the species are redescribed, illustrated and keyed with biological information wherever available. Lectotypes are designated for the purpose of ensuring correct and consistent future application of the names. The following abbreviations are used to indicate the institutions / museums where the specimens, including types, are deposited. BMNH The Natural History Museum, London MNHN Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris NBAII National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Insects, Bangalore USNM National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC. UCCC Crotch Collection, University of Cambridge ZMAN Zoologischen Museum, Amsterdam. ZMB Zoologisches Museum, Humboldt Universitat, Berlin. Accepted by J. Forrester: 15 Aug. 2011; published: 16 Sep. 2011 1 Material and methods Measurements were made using an ocular micrometer attached to a dissecting microscope, and the following terms are used: TL—total length, from apical margin of clypeus to apex of elytra; PL—pronotal length, from the middle of anterior margin to margin of basal foramen; PW—pronotal width at widest part; EL—Elytral length across sutural line including scutellum; EW—elytral width across both elytra at the widest part. For studying genitalia, whole specimens were first softened by immersing in warm soapy water for 10–30 minutes, depending on size and age. The abdomen was gently detached by inserting a minuten pin between the metaventrite and the first visible abdominal sternite and left overnight in 10% cold KOH for clearing soft tissues. Genitalia were dissected and examined on a glycerine slide mount under a stereozoom microscope. After examination, genitalia were stored in glycerine in plastic microvials pinned with the respective specimens. Photographs of whole beetles were generated using a digital camera attached to Leica M205A stereozoom microscope. Illustrations were made with a camera lucida. The final plates were prepared using Adobe Photoshop CS®. Stictobura Crotch, 1874 Stictobura Crotch, 1874: 201; Sicard, 1911: 385. Type species: Calvia? pallideguttata Mulsant, 1853, by monotypy. Apterolotis Weise, 1908: 225; 1923: 127.—Sicard, 1911: 385 (synonymy).—Korschefsky, 1931: 211. Type species: Sticholotis (Apterolotis) andrewesi Weise, 1908 (= Stictobura pallideguttata (Mulsant, 1853), by subsequent designation of Korschef- sky, 1931. Diagnosis. Body medium to large, with a round or subcircular outline (Figs. 1–7); dorsum very strongly convex and hemispherical, without apparent vestiture but characterized by sparse, thin, suberect to erect hairs on pronotum and elytra, easily noticeable particularly on anterior, lateral and posterior margins of elytra, those on disc noticeable only at high magnifications. Head (Fig. 12) with clypeal margin always distinctly semi-circularly emarginate. Eyes small, widely separated, coarsely faceted, inner margins with distinct orbital carinae, posteriorly divergent towards temples; ocular canthus extending shortly into eyes. Antennal insertions exposed, frons around antennal insertions distinctly, deeply emarginate. Antenna (Fig. 13) 11-segmented, with a three-segmented, elongate, fusiform club, terminal antennomere apically elongate, conical-oval. Terminal segment of maxillary palpi (Fig. 15) elongate coni- cal, apical margin strongly and obliquely truncate, shorter than outer margin. Pronotum transverse, anterior margin deeply trapezoidally emarginate around head; posterior margin strongly arcuate, with submarginal line; lateral mar- gins linear to broadly rounded, with short scattered hairs, finely carinate, narrowly reflexed. Interspaces between punctures on head and pronotum always with strong reticulate microsculpture. Elytra lacking humeral calli, lateral borders with a distinct marginal bead; punctation on elytra often conspicuously dual, with fine and coarser punc- tures intermixed. Prosternum T-shaped, anterior margin not lobed in front of coxa, prosternal process (Fig. 17) very broad, quadrate with a pair of carinae. Anterior margin of mesoventrite broadly shallowly emarginate medially. Abdomen with five visible ventrites in both sexes, ventrites 1 and 5 subequal, longer than rest; abdominal post- coxal lines (Fig. 16) incomplete, parallel to or approaching posterior margin of ventrite 1. Functional wings absent. Elytral epipleura broad, complete with inner carina reaching apex of elytra, shallowly foveolate or depressed on level with middle and hind legs. Legs with cryptotetramerous tarsi, tarsal claws swollen basally, lacking a distinct basal tooth. Male genitalia (Figs. 19–31) with phallobase having an additional median strut besides trabes; basal lobe [=“penis guide” sensu Ślipiński (2007), or “median lobe” auctorum] of tegmen elongate, symmetrical, para- meres long with several marginal and apical setae; sipho [=“penis” sensu Ślipiński (2007)] stout, with a large, prominent capsule. Female genitalia with coxites elongate triangular, bearing short styli, with a very long bursa and a rather large and moderately sclerotized structure (Fig. 32), representing a poorly differentiated spermatheca, or possibly just a lobe of the bursa. Distribution. This genus is apparently endemic to the Western Ghats range in southern India. Its members are rarely collected and have been found almost exclusively in plantations at high altitudes. Related genera. Stictobura is very closely related to Sticholotis. Its species differ from those of the latter only by their distinctly larger size, strongly convex / hemispherical dorsum, strongly reticulate microsculpture on inter- spaces between punctures on head and pronotum, elytra with a distinct marginal bead, absence of functional wings, and male genitalia with a very stout sipho having a large capsule. Stictobura species have sparse, somewhat incon- 2 · Zootaxa 3031 © 2011 Magnolia Press POORANI ET AL. spicuous, but more or less uniform, fine, suberect to erect pubescence on the pronotum and elytra, though most of the old specimens examined in this study appeared to be glabrous due to abrasion. Many species of Sticholotis appear to be glabrous, but have sparse, very short erect hairs on the elytra. Functional wings are absent in many Australian species of Sticholotis and all the species of Nesolotis Miyatake (1966). Ślipiński (2004) regarded Neso- lotis as a synonym of Sticholotis, but Wang et al. (2010) resurrected the genus based on its distinctly foveate elytral epipleura, tibiae of front legs strongly expanded externally, and other features. Some unusually large species of Sticholotis that resemble Stictobura occur in Vietnam, northeastern India, and Indonesia. Among other Asian Sticholotidini, Jauravia Motschulsky (1858) shares many features with Stictobura, but has conspicuous dense pubescence all over the body. Filipinolotis Miyatake (1994) appears to be close to Stictobura by virtue of
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