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ACARI, HYDRACHNIDIA, HYDRYPHANTIDAE) in RUSSIA Petr V Acarina 24 (2): 181–233 © Acarina 2016 MORPHOLOGY AND TAXONOMY OF LARVAE OF THE GENUS HYDRYPHANTES KOCH, 1841 (ACARI, HYDRACHNIDIA, HYDRYPHANTIDAE) IN RUSSIA Petr V. Tuzovsky Institute for Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences, Borok, Nekouz. Distr., Yaroslavl Prov., Russia E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT: This study presents a taxonomic review of water mite larvae of the genus Hydryphantes Koch, 1841 (Hydryphan- tidae) found in the fauna of Russia during the long-term survey period of 1974–2016. The review includes (re)descriptions and illustrations of 14 Hydryphantes species found in the country: H. clypeatus (Thor, 1899), H. crassipalpis Koenike, 1914, H. dispar (Schaub, 1888), H. hellichi Thon, 1899, H. ildensis Tuzovskij, 2016, H. nonundulatus Thon, 1899, H. octoporus Koenike, 1896, H. placationis Thon, 1899, H. planus Thon, 1899, H. prolongatus Thon, 1899, H. ruber (Geer, 1778), H. ruberoides Tuzovskij, 1990, H. samaricus Tuzovskij, 2014, and H. tenuipalpis Thor, 1899. KEY WORDS: Hydryphantidae, Hydryphantes, morphology, larvae, females, identification keys, Russia. DOI: 10.21684/0132-8077-2016-24-2-181-233 INTRODUCTION The word fauna of the genus Hydryphantes samaricus Tuzovskij, 2014 from Samara Province currently includes over 100 species and subspecies and Yaroslavl Province (Tuzovskij 2014), and H. (K. O. Viets 1987). The water mites of the genus ildensis Tuzovskij, 2016 from Yaroslavl Province are free-living in standing waters, also temporary (Tuzovskij 2016). In addition, three more species pools, ditches and rarely in running waters. From have been found in the territory of the Yaroslavl the territory of the former USSR, the following 19 Province: H. tenuipalpis, H. nonundulatus and H. species were recorded by Sokolow (1940): H. prolongatus (Tuzovskij 2008, 2015a, 2015b, re- (Hydryphantes) affinisSokolow, 1931, H. (Hydry- spectively). H. tenuipalpis and H. prolongatus also phantes) bayeri Pisarovic, 1896, H. (Hydryphantes) have been recorded from Western Siberia (Stolbov clypeatus, H. (Hydryphantes) crassipalpis, H. 2010). (Hydryphantes) dispar, H. (Hydryphantes) fonti- Larvae are known not of all named species. nalis Sokolow, 1936, H. (Hydryphantes) frici Thon, Morphology of Hydryphantes larvae has been 1899, H. (Hydryphantes) hellichi, H. (Hydry- described for the following taxa: H. bayeri (Biesi- phantes) intermedius Daday, 1901, H. (Hydry- adka and Cichocka 1990), H. crassipalpis (Wain- phantes) peroviensis Udaltsow, 1907, H. (Hydry- stein 1980; Biesiadka and Cichocka 1990), H. phantes) placationis, H. (Hydryphantes) planus, dispar (Sparing 1959), H. frici (Biesiadka and H. (Hydryphantes) ruber, H. (Hydryphantes) ta- Cichocka 1990), H. hellichi (Biesiadka and Cichoc- taricus Daday, 1901, H. (Polyhydryphantes) ka 1990), H. peroviensis (Biesiadka and Cichocka dröscheri Koenike, 1903, H. (Polyhydryphantes) 1990), H. placationis (Wainstein 1980), H. planus flexuosusKoenike, H. (Polyhydryphantes) octopo- (Wainstein 1980, Biesiadka and Cichocka 1990), rus Koenike, 1896, H. (Polyhydryphantes) skor- H. ruber (Piersig 1897–1900; Koenike 1908; Viets ikowi, and H. (Polyhydryphantes) thoni. However, 1936; Prasad and Cook 1972; Wainstein 1980; the taxonomic status of some named species re- Biesiadka and Cichocka 1990), H. thoni (Biesi- mains not clear. Lundblad (1962) synonymized H. adka and Cichocka 1990), H. flexuosus (Imamura affinis, H. bayeri,and H. clypeatus with H. planus, 1954). The descriptions of the larvae usually are and H. hellichi with H. ruber. Di Sabatino et al. incomplete and insufficiently illustrated, complicat- (2009) synonymized H. intermedius with H. dispar ing identification of species. and treated H. bayeri, H. clypeatus, H. frici, and Larvae of Hydryphantes species are known to H. peroviensis as a species incerta. parasitize imagos of Hemiptera (Aphididae), Thy- Investigations of water mites from different sanoptera (Thripidae), Diptera (Chironomidae and regions of Russia over the past 30 years allowed Mycetophilidae) (Smith and Oliver 1986) and me to describe three more species: Hydrypantes Odonata (Coenagrionidae) (Zawal and Dyatlova ruberoides Tuzovskij, 1990 from Magadan Prov- 2008), on which they attach to the thorax region ince and Kamchatka (Tuzovskij 1990, 2003), H. or, rarely, the abdomen. Early records concerning 181 P. V. Tuzovsky larval parasitism of Hydryphantes species on Cu- of segment and eupathidium, ds—distance between licidae probably were based upon misindetified the anterior end of segment and solenidion; genital euthyadine species (Smith and Oliver 1986). The acetabula (ac.1–ac.3); L—length, W—width, D— females were identified using the original descrip- diameter; n—number of specimens measured; all tions and papers of Viets (1936), Sokolow (1940), measurements are given in micrometers (μm). Lundblad (1962), Gerecke (1996), and Di Sabatino et al. (2009, 2010). RESULTS The purpose of this paper is to study the mor- Family Hydryphantidae Piersig, 1896 phology of larvae of the genus Hydryphantes col- lected in Russia and to give an identification key Genus Hydryphantes Koch, 1841 to the larvae and the females, from which these Diagnosis. Larva. Color red. Anterior part of larvae were reared. The females and males of this dorsum with a relatively large plate provided a pair genus do not exhibit external sexual dimorphism, of simple setae (Vi) and pair of thrichobothria (Oi), but mature females usually larger than males. paired with small platelets each bearing the simple seta Fch and the trichobothria Fp. Trichobothria MATERIAL AND METHODS Fp are very long, thin, and usually well extending beyond posterior margin of plate, Oi very short and The mite specimens were collected by the thin. Lateral eye lenses on each side separated and author in the European and Asian parts of Russia located in soft integument. Coxal plates I to III in 1974–2016. To obtain larvae, the water mites small, separate, with three pairs of coxal setae (C3 were maintained in laboratory (room temperature, on coxal plate II absent). Chelicerae striated and natural day-night conditions). Eggs and larvae very stout, chela short and edentate. Pedipalp five- obtained from females were kept individually in segmented, P-4 with large dorsodistal bifurcate glass or transparent plastic vessels of 10–15 mm claw, number of setae on P-1–5: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 8(s). diameter, and height of 15 mm. Specimens were Legs I to III six-segmented and each with three not fixed in Koenike liquid, but slides were made claws, the lateral ones extremely thin. All legs from the fresh material. The larvae were not dis- simple setae usually strong and pectinate, special- sected, and in females the gnathosoma was mount- ized setae thin and smooth. ed in a position that allowed investigating capitu- lum and pedipalps in lateral view. All mite speci- Hydryphantes clypeatus (Thor, 1899) mens were mounted in Hoyer’s medium. Idiosomal setae are named according to Tu- (Figs. 1–16) zovskij (1987): Fch—frontales chelicerarum, Material examined. Larvae (n=26) were Fp—frontales pedipalporum, Vi—verticales inter- reared from four females collected in a sedge bog nae, Ve—verticales externae, Oi—occipitales inter- near village Postyltsevo, Nekouz District, Yaroslavl nae, Oe—occipitales externae, Hi—humerales in- Province: two females 25 May 2000, one female 1 ternae, He—humerales externae, Hv—humerales June 2002, and one female 10 June 2004. The ventralia, Sci—scapulares internae, Sce—scapula- duration of the embryonic period was 12–15 days. res externae, Li—lumbales internae, Le—lumbales Diagnosis. Larva. Distance between bases of externae, Si—sacrales internae, Se—sacrales exter- trichobothria Oi larger than their length; all dorsal nae, Ci—caudales internae, Pi—praeanales inter- hysterosomal setae subequal; excretory pore plate nae, Pe—praeanales externae, Ai—anales internae, wider than long; urstigma wider than long; poste- Ae—anales externae. rior margin of coxal plate II convex; P-5 solenidi- Furthermore, the following abbreviations are on longer of segment; I/II-Leg-4 solenidion 2.0–2.5 used: P-1–5, pedipalp segments (trochanter, femur, times longer than eupathidium, I/II-Leg-5 with genu, tibia and tarsus); I-Leg-1–6, first leg, seg- unequal solenidia; I-Leg-6 de<ds. ments 1–6 (trochanter, basifemur, telofemur, genu, Description. Larva. Anterior pair of platelets tibia and tarsus) i. e. III-Leg-3=genu of third leg; small, more or less triangular, posterior plate rela- C1—coxal seta located medially on coxa I, C2— tively large, anteriorly narrow, posteriorly widen- coxal seta located posterolaterally on coxa I, C4— ing; median eye weakly developed and situated coxal seta located anteromedially on coxa III; between setae Vi (Fig. 1). Both pairs of trichoboth- acs—acanthoid seta, e—eupathidium, s—solenid- ria thin, Fp very long, Oi short. Distance between ion; I-Leg-6: de—distance between the anterior end bases of trichobothria Oi larger than their length. 182 Morphology and taxonomy of larvae of the genus Hydryphantes Koch, 1841 Figs. 1–2. Hydryphantes clypeatus Thor, 1899, larva: 1—dorsal view; 2—ventral view. Scale bar: 1–2=20 μm. Simple proterosomal setae (Fch and Vi) thick, but medial position. Claw of leg III slightly larger than Fch slightly shorter than Vi. Other dorsal setae (Oe, claws of legs I and II. Lateral claws shorter and Hi, He, Sci, Sce, Li, and Le) thick and approxi- thinner than the strong empodial claw (Fig. 11). mately equal in length. Lateral eyes with anterior Measurements, n=10. Dorsal plate L 45–48,
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