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Rescue by Jews COPY DO NOT COPY NOT DO COPY COPY NOT NOT DO DO COPY NOT DO COPY COPY NOT NOT DO DO COPY NOT DO COPY COPY NOT NOT DO DO COPY NOT DO COPY COPY NOT NOT DO DO COPY NOT DO COPY COPY NOT NOT DO DO COPY NOT DO COPY COPY NOT NOT DO DO COPY NOT DO RESCUE COPY COPY DO NOT DO NOT BY JEWS COPYDURING THE NOT DO HOLOCAUST COPY COPY NOT NOT DO DO COPY NOT DO “That was when my COPY COPY conscience said – Act!” NOT NOT DO DO COPY NOT DO COPY COPY NOT NOT DO DO COPY NOT DO COPY COPY NOT NOT DO DO COPY NOT DO COPY COPY NOT NOT DO DO COPY NOT DO COPY COPY NOT NOT DO DO COPY NOT DO COPY COPY NOT NOT DO DO COPY DO NOT COPY DO NOT COPY DO NOT COPY NOT DO COPY COPY NOT NOT DO DO COPY NOT DO COPY COPY NOT NOT DO DO COPY NOT DO COPY RESCUE BY JEWS COPY NOT NOT DO DURING THE HOLOCAUST DO COPY NOT DO The Jews in the Holocaust found themselves facing unprecedented situations. In viewCOPY of the violence, terror and systematic destruction perpetrated by COPY the German NOTNazis, many Jews felt they had been abandoned to their fate by the people among whom DO themselves the moral courage to step up and engage NOT they had lived for hundreds of years. In many cases, in the rescue of other persecuted Jews. DO the local populations chose to turn a blind eye, and This exhibition presents stories of Jewish rescue from were indifferent to the desperate state of the Jews; COPY the years 1938-1945 from all over Europe. In these in some cases, they even collaborated with the accounts, the rescues were planned to help as many NOT murderers. Only very few of them chose to offer aid Jews as possible. They are also characterized by to the persecuted Jews. DO the absence of any personal or familial relationship The Jews were faced with extreme situations, which COPYbetween the rescuers and the people whose lives tested their Jewish and human principles of solidarity. they saved. COPY Despite this, there are a multitude of cases across NOT The ability of these Jews to act and save others was the board of acts of solidarity and mutual aid. This affected by different factors, including geographical NOT help was nothingDO short of essential to the survival of circumstances, the willingness of the local population a particular individual. DO to help Jews, and the nature of the administration In this context, a fair amount of Jews chose to act COPY imposed by the Germans in the places they occupied. to save other Jews, under a very real threat to their The rescue methods were diverse, and included lives. These rescuers demonstrated tremendous NOT establishing welfare organizations, finding hiding resourcefulness, adhering to their missions with DO places, procuring and issuing forged documents, endless devotion. These rescue operations often creating jobs for “essential” workers, smuggling people involved terrible personal and moral dilemmas. A unique COPY across borders, encouraging people to escape, calling aspect of this phenomenon lay in the persecuted COPY NOTupon the non-Jewish population to help rescue Jews, victims’ ability to identify the threat facing them disseminating information about the mass murders and, DO NOT despite their basic survival instinct, find within and operations to escape the camps. These rescue DO efforts were in many cases made possible thanks to COPY cooperation with non-Jews, and helped save the lives of many Jews during the Holocaust. DO NOT The Saving of Miriam, Hein Robert Korpershoek, 1987 The drawing depicts a rescue effort involving the participation of three members of the COPY Dutch underground: Hein Korpershoek, Wibo Florissen and Ans van Dam (Anna Chana Rosa Drukker). In 1943, van Dam was involved in moving Jewish children to hiding places. On 30 November 1943, she asked Korpershoek to help smuggle out a Jewish girl named Miriam COPY Dasberg, who was about to be deported to the camps. Disguised as members of the Dutch NOT Order Service, Korpershoek and Florissen removed Dasberg from the guesthouse in which she was staying and transferred her to van Dam, who found her a hiding place. Two weeks later, van Dam was arrested and deported to Auschwitz-Birkenau; from there she was taken to Kaufering, and then finally to Mühldorf. DO Since its founding in 1953, Yad Vashem, the World Holocaust Remembrance Center, NOT Van Dam survived, and after the war she worked to reunite Jewish children with their families. located on the Mount of Remembrance in Jerusalem, has been dedicated to preserving In 1987, Korpershoek and Florissen were recognized by Yad Vashem as Righteous Among the Nations. the memory of the Holocaust. Through its collections, documentation, research DO and education about the horrors of the Holocaust, Yad Vashem aims to instill the significance of the Holocaust in the coming generations. COPY This exhibition was produced by the Traveling Exhibitions Department, Museums Division, Yad Vashem. Design: Information Technology Division, Yad Vashem NOT This exhibit was generously funded by: Victor David and Ruth Grubner. The Jay and Barbara Hennick Family Foundation DO COPY COPY NOT NOT DO DO COPY NOT DO COPY COPY NOT NOT DO DO COPY NOT DO COPY COPY NOT NOT DO DO COPY NOT DO COPY COPY NOT NOTRESCUE BY JEWS DURING THE HOLOCAUST DO DO COPY NOT DO COPY COPY NOT NOT DO DO COPY NOT DO COPY COPY NOT NOT DO DO COPY NOT DO COPY COPY NOT NOT DO DO COPY DO NOT COPY DO NOT COPY DO NOT COPY NOT DO COPY COPY NOT NOT DO DO COPY NOT DO COPY COPY NOT NOT DO DO COPY NOT DO COPY COPY NOT SHOAH – THE HOLOCAUST NOT DO DO COPY NOT DO COPY COPY NOT NOT DO DO COPY NOT DO COPY COPY NOT NOT DO DO COPY NOT DO COPY Photograph sent from the front by a German soldier. Written on the back of the photograph: “Jews in an COPY United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, courtesy of Jerzy Tomaszewski NOT Aktion, Ivangorod,DO Ukraine, 1942” DO NOT TheCOPY Holocaust (Shoah) was an unprecedented genocide, total and systematic, perpetrated by NOT Nazi Germany and its collaborators with the aim DO of annihilating the Jewish people, culture and traditions from the face of the earth. The primary gained broad support inCOPY Germany and across motivation for the Holocaust was the Nazis’ much of the European continent. COPY antisemitic racist ideology. Between 1933 and Nazi GermanyNOT designated the Jews of Europe, NOT 1941, Nazi Germany pursued a policy of increasing DOand eventually the rest of the world, for total persecution that dispossessed the Jews of extermination. Alongside the mass extermination DO their rights and property, and later branded and of millions of Jews by shooting, millions more from concentrated the JewishCOPY populations under their all over Europe were rounded up and deported on NOTrule into designated areas. freight trains to extermination camps - industrial By the end of 1941, the policy had developed into an facilities in which they were gassed to death. DO overall comprehensive, systematic operation that During the entire process of registration, rounding- the Nazis called “The Final Solution to the Jewish COPY up and boarding the trains, the Germans deceived COPY the victims as to the realNOT purpose of their journey. Question.” These policies By the endDO of WWII in 1945, some six million Jews NOT had been murdered. DO COPY Jewish women and children selected for extermination, on their way to the gas chambers, Birkenau, 27-28 May 1944 NOT Yad Vashem Collections DO COPY COPY NOT NOT DO DO COPY NOT DO COPY COPY NOT NOT DO DO COPY NOT DO COPY COPY NOT NOTRESCUE BY JEWS DURING THE HOLOCAUST DO DO COPY NOT DO COPY COPY NOT NOT DO DO COPY NOT DO COPY COPY NOT NOT DO DO COPY NOT DO COPY COPY NOT NOT DO DO COPY DO NOT COPY DO NOT COPY DO NOT COPY NOT DO COPY COPY NOT NOT DO DO COPY NOT DO COPY COPY NOT NOT DO DO COPY NOT DO COPY COPY NOT GETTING JEWS OUT OF NOT DO THE REICH TERRITORY DO COPY NOT DO COPY COPY NOT DO The struggle to reach out and touch the world NOT is my particular burden in life.” DO COPY Wilfrid Israel NOT Wilfrid Israel, England, 1942 1899-1943 Wilfrid Israel DO Courtesy of the Central Zionist Archives, Israel When the Nazis rose to power, Wilfrid Israel, who COPY was born to a well-connected and affluent family in COPY Berlin, realized that the Jews noNOT longer had a future in Germany. He decided to do what he could to NOT encourage JewishDO emigration from Germany. In 1933, he and Recha Freier managed to get the first group DO of young people out of Germany to the Land of Israel COPY(British Mandatory Palestine), a project that would later become the “Youth Aliya” organization. NOT Following the annexation of Austria by Nazi Germany DO in 1938 (the Anschluss), thousands of Jews were arrested and sent to concentration camps. After the Kristallnacht riots, the number of Jewish detainees COPY soared into the tens of thousands. To be released from COPY the camps, the inmates had to prove they had a visaNOT to a foreign country. Wilfrid Israel filledDO many senior NOT positions in organizations that promoted emigration DO and became known for his activities in this area, and thus became the person to whom Jews appealed A dog-shaped brooch and an autograph book with an inscription received by Anna Nussbaum from her father COPY when she left Austria on the Kindertransport.
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