310 Small Arms Survey 2011
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310 SMALL ARMS SURVEY 2011 INDEX Arab Model Law on Weapons, Ammunitions private security companies, personnel Explosives and Hazardous Material 104 A 265 authorized transfers, light weapons Argentina 4, 9–35 acoustic technology, police weapons 83 exports, transparency 17 Automatic Colt Pistol (ACP) 74 ACP see Automatic Colt Pistol informal security groups 103 ACT see Australian Capital Territory private security companies, personnel Active Denial System 86 104 Adaptive Combat Rifle 76 Aristide, Jean-Bertrand 230, 231 B Aegis 125 Arizona (United States) Bamako Declaration see Organization of Afghanistan civilian firearms African Unity ammunition 76 carrying in public 295 banditry, Côte d’Ivoire 208–9 ATGWs 32–3 prohibited and restricted 272 Bangladesh light weapons use 23–4 transfer regulation 284 imports private security companies 101 Armatix (Germany) personalized gun mortars 24–5 armed 112, 115, 116 technology 80 reusable rocket launchers 29 firearm stockpiles 113 armed gangs, Haiti 253–5 Barrick Gold 142 firearm types 117–19 Armenia, imports, grenade launchers 26 Bédié, Henri Konan 195, 196, 197 illicit arms possession 119–20 Arms Trade Treaty (ATT) Belgium personnel 104 negotiations 43–4, 53–5 exports, transparency 15, 16, 19 Africa open-ended working group 53–4 private security companies, personnel private security companies, armed Preparatory Committee 54–5 104 114, 115 Arsenal (Bulgaria), airburst grenades 25 Belize regional measures, civilian firearms art, firearm use 286 civilian firearms 264 AT4 rocket launcher 27 licences 280, 282 age, firearm possession 275–6 ATCA see United States, Alien Tort Claims prohibited and restricted 269 AK-47 assault rifle, use by private security Act storage requirements 293 companies 114, 117–18, 119 ATGWs see anti-tank guided weapons transfer regulation 283 Albania ATT see Arms Trade Treaty user regulation 276, 277, 279 private security companies Attenuating Energy Projectile 81, 89 Biennial Meeting of States (BMS) see firearm stockpiles 113 AUG, Steyr rifle 77 United Nations, Biennial Meeting of personnel 104 Australia States alcohol, civilian firearm users 277 civilian firearms BILL ATGW 30 Alexander, John 84 licences 280, 282 Blackwater (now Xe Services) 101, 108, Alexandre, Boniface 234 prohibited and restricted 269 109, 121 ammunition, technological developments registration 273 BMS see United Nations, Biennial Meeting 25, 75–7 regulation 266 of States Amnesty International, private security self-defence use 289–90 Bolivia, private security companies, companies, monitoring 150 transfer regulation 282 personnel 104 Andean Plan to Prevent, Combat and use regulation 286 border controls, UN Programme of Action Eradicate Illicit Trade in Small Arms user regulation 276 44–6, 58 and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects exports, transparency 17 Bosnia and Herzegovina 265 mass shootings 266 exports, transparency 15, 17 AngloGold Ashanti 140, 156 police handguns 74 private security companies Angola private security companies firearm stockpiles 113 private security companies 145 armed 115 personnel 104 firearm stockpiles 113 personnel 104 Brazil firearm types 117 stockpile management 121 civilian firearms personnel 104 Australian Capital Territory (ACT) carrying in public 293 regulation 150 (Australia) prohibited and restricted 268, 269 training 124 civilian firearms registration 273 anti-tank guided weapons (ATGWs) prohibited and restricted 269 user regulation 276, 278–9 definition 29–30 user regulation 276, 279 exports, transparency 17 producers 31 Austria informal security groups 103 transfers 31–3, 35 exports, transparency 16 private security companies INDEX 311 abuses 150 police firearms 77 carrying in public 296 firearm stockpiles 113 private security companies prohibited and restricted 269 illicit arms possession 119 armed 114, 115 multinational corporations, security 147 personnel 104 personnel 104 private security companies 143 brokering, UN Programme of Action 57 production, MANPADS 33 armed 112, 113 Brügger and Thomet (Switzerland), kinetic CHOUKA less-lethal projective launchers firearm stockpiles 113 energy weapons 81–2 72, 81 personnel 104 Bulgaria civilian firearms regulation 151 exports, transparency 16 approaches to regulation 265–8 training 124 private security companies carrying in public 293–6 Colt’s Manufacturing (United States), safety armed 112 conditions of possession 290–6 features 79 personnel 104 international regulation 263–4 Combined Tactical Systems (United licence or permit to possess 281 States), kinetic energy weapons 81 licences community security 3 penalties 282 Côte d’Ivoire 211–12 C quantity restrictions 281–2 competency, civilian firearm users 278–9 California (United States) types 280–1 Comtrade see United Nations, Commodity civilian firearms waiting periods 282 Trade Statistics Database licences 281, 282 mass shootings, regulatory responses Condor (Brazil), less-lethal grenades 93 prohibited and restricted 272 266–7 Congrès Panafricain des Jeunes et des transfer regulation 284 national regulation 262, 268–74, 296 Patriotes (Pan-African Congress of user regulation 279 parallel permit 281 Young Patriots, COJEP) 214 Canada permit to acquire 281 corporate complicity 152–3 Braidwood Commission 92–3 permit to carry 281 corporate social responsibility, multinational civilian firearms professional use 286 corporations 139–41, 151–3 licences 280, 281, 282 prohibited and restricted 268–73 Costa Rica prohibited and restricted 269 regional regulation 264–5 private security companies registration 273, 274 registration 273–4 firearm stockpiles 113 regulation 266 regulation 6, 261–96 personnel 104 self-defence use 289 reporting requirements 290–1 Côte d’Ivoire storage requirements 292 safe storage 291–3 armed forces 197–9 transfer regulation 283 transfers, regulation 282–4 banditry 208–9 use regulation 285, 286 use regulation 284–96 community security 3, 211–12 user regulation 276, 277–8, 278 collection or museum 286 comzones 202–3, 211, 218–19 exports, transparency 16 genuine reason 284–5 conflict 193, 194–7 imports hunting 285 crime 207–9 recoilless guns 27 performance or art 286 DDM programme 213, 219 single-shot disposable systems 28 profession 286 DDR programmes 219 mass shootings 266 self-defence 286–90 dozos (traditional hunters) 3, 212 Cape Verde, private security companies, users gendarmerie, weapons 199, 200 public perception 106 age restrictions 275–6 gender-based violence 209 Carl Gustaf recoilless rifle 26–7 competency 278–9 independence 197 cattle rustling, Madagascar 182–4 criminal record 277–8 insecurity CECOS see Centre de Commandement des drug dependency and intoxication concerns 206–8 Opérations de Sécurité 277 perceptions of 207 Central America, private security mental and physical health 276–7 types of 208–11 companies, regulation 150–1 public interest 278 international forces 216 Centre de Commandement des Opérations regulation 275–84 judicial system 201, 203, 219–20 de Sécurité (CECOS) (Côte d’Ivoire) civilians, registration for firearm militias 212–14 198–9, 200, 211 possession 275–80 non-state security 211–16 Chevron Nigeria Ltd 148 COJEP see Congrès Panafricain des Jeunes police, weapons 199, 200 Chile, private security companies, et des Patriotes political history 194–9 personnel 104 cold war, Madagascar 172–3 post-electoral crisis (2010) 193, 221 China Colombia prisons 201 exports, transparency 17 civilian firearms private security companies 312 SMALL ARMS SURVEY 2011 armed 3, 215 Democratic Republic of the Congo, private electric-shock weapons, police use personnel 104 security companies, training 123 85, 89–92 rebel forces 193, 196–7, 202–4 Denmark Eryx ATGWs 32 weapons 204 exports, transparency 15, 16 Estonia resource-based conflict 209 private security companies, personnel civilian firearms security forces 6 104 licences 280, 281 fragmentation 199–201 development, security systems 2 prohibited and restricted 270 perceptions of 205–6 directed-energy weapons 85–6 registration 273 reform 194, 216–20, 221 disarmament, demobilization, and storage requirements 293 vectors of insecurity 210–11 reintegration (DDR), Côte d’Ivoire 219 transfer regulation 283 weapons 200, 204 disarmament and dismantling of militias use regulation 286 violence linked to electoral process (DDM), Côte d’Ivoire 213, 219 user regulation 276, 277, 279, 280 209–10 Dominican Republic private security companies, personnel COUGAR less-lethal projective launchers civilian firearms 104 72, 81 prohibited and restricted 268, 270 ethnic violence, Côte d’Ivoire 197–8 crime user regulation 276, 277 EU see European Union Côte d’Ivoire 207–9 private security companies European Code of Police Ethics 71 Haiti 231, 238–42 armed 112, 113 European Union (EU) Madagascar 180–1 personnel 104 European Weapons Directive 265 criminal records, civilian firearm users dozos (traditional hunters), Côte d’Ivoire export licences, refusals 19 277–8 3, 212 export licences, EU 19 Croatia drug dependency, civilian firearm users exporters, rankings 11 civilian firearms 277 eXtended Range Electro-Muscular carrying in public 293 drug trafficking, Madagascar 186 Projectile (XREP) 85 licences 280 Duvalier, ‘Papa Doc’ and ‘Baby Doc’ 231 extractive industries, use of private prohibited and restricted 270 DynCorp 125 security companies 135–58 storage requirements 293 Dziekanski, Robert 91 transfer regulation 283 use regulation 284, 286 user regulation 276, 277, 279 F exports, transparency 17 E FAFN see Forces Armées des Forces imports, grenade launchers 26 Eastern Europe, private security Nouvelles private security companies companies, armed