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Slovakia's Righteous Among the Nations
Slovakia’s Righteous among the Nations Gila Fatran Slovak-Jewish relations, an important factor in the rescue of Jews during the Holocaust, were influenced in no small part by events that took place in the latter third of the 19th century. That century saw the national awakening of oppressed nations. The Slovak nation, ruled by the Hungarians for 1,000 years, was struggling at the time for its national existence. The creation of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy led in 1867 to the granting of equal civil rights to the Jews in the empire in the assumption that they would assimilate nationally and culturally into the state. At the same time the Hungarian leaders stepped up their suppression of the Slovak nation. The integration of the Jews into the developing economic and cultural life and the continued improvement in their situation alongside the suppression of the aspirations of the Slovaks, were used by the political and church representatives of the Slovak nation to fan the flames of Jew-hatred and to blame the Jews for the difficult lot of the Slovak People. During this period many Slovak publications also addressed the existence of a “Jewish Question” in a negative sense: blaming the Jews for all of the Slovak society’s ills. During this era, one of the central reasons behind the rise of Slovak antisemitism was the economic factor. At the same time, the slogan “Svoj k svojmu,” which, freely translated, means “Buy only from your own people,” registered a series of “successes” in neighboring countries. However, when nationalists, using this motto, launched a campaign to persuade Slovaks to boycott Jewish-owned shops, their efforts proved unsuccessful. -
Part V CONCLUSION
Part V CONCLUSION 99781107029866c19_p397-416.indd781107029866c19_p397-416.indd 339797 110/9/20120/9/2012 111:24:041:24:04 PPMM 99781107029866c19_p397-416.indd781107029866c19_p397-416.indd 339898 110/9/20120/9/2012 111:24:041:24:04 PPMM 19 Paper Leviathans Historical Legacies and State Strength in Contemporary Latin America and Spain Miguel A. Centeno and Agustin E. Ferraro We began this volume proposing that the experiences of Spain and Latin America in the nineteenth century are relevant for those countries under- going the process of state building today. We noted that many of the same problems and challenges faced by contemporary states -in-the-making were common in the Iberian world: divided societies, improvised and often fl awed institutional designs, and public organizations with responsibilities far above their capacities. In order to explore the contradiction between performance expectations and organizational realities, we identifi ed four different forms or categories of state power : territorial, economic, infrastructural, and sym- bolic. Using these forms or categories of state power as an analytical scheme, we conclude the book with a summary of where our cases fi nd themselves 200 years after independence, and how the patterns therein provide clues about the relative importance of each form of power. By linking contempo- rary states to their precedents, we hope to suggest how historical legacies help determine present outcomes, and to explain the relative lack of success of state-building projects in Latin America and Spain during the nineteenth century. Looking at our cases, we fi rst need to consider the differences between Spain and Latin America. -
2019 European Elections the Weight of the Electorates Compared to the Electoral Weight of the Parliamentary Groups
2019 European Elections The weight of the electorates compared to the electoral weight of the parliamentary groups Guillemette Lano Raphaël Grelon With the assistance of Victor Delage and Dominique Reynié July 2019 2019 European Elections. The weight of the electorates | Fondation pour l’innovation politique I. DISTINGUISHING BETWEEN THE WEIGHT OF ELECTORATES AND THE ELECTORAL WEIGHT OF PARLIAMENTARY GROUPS The Fondation pour l’innovation politique wished to reflect on the European elections in May 2019 by assessing the weight of electorates across the European constituency independently of the electoral weight represented by the parliamentary groups comprised post-election. For example, we have reconstructed a right-wing Eurosceptic electorate by aggregating the votes in favour of right-wing national lists whose discourses are hostile to the European Union. In this case, for instance, this methodology has led us to assign those who voted for Fidesz not to the European People’s Party (EPP) group but rather to an electorate which we describe as the “populist right and extreme right” in which we also include those who voted for the Italian Lega, the French National Rally, the Austrian FPÖ and the Sweden Democrats. Likewise, Slovak SMER voters were detached from the Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats (S&D) Group and instead categorised as part of an electorate which we describe as the “populist left and extreme left”. A. The data collected The electoral results were collected list by list, country by country 1, from the websites of the national parliaments and governments of each of the States of the Union. We then aggregated these data at the European level, thus obtaining: – the number of individuals registered on the electoral lists on the date of the elections, or the registered voters; – the number of votes, or the voters; – the number of valid votes in favour of each of the lists, or the votes cast; – the number of invalid votes, or the blank or invalid votes. -
International Migration in the Czech Republic and Slovakia and the Outlook for East Central Europe
International Migration in the Czech Republic and Slovakia and the Outlook for East Central Europe DUŠAN DRBOHLAV* Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague Abstract: The contribution is devoted to the international migration issue in the Czech Republic and Slovakia (Czechoslovakia). Besides the contemporary trends, the international migration situation is briefly traced back to the communist era. The probable future scenario of international migration development - based especially on migration patterns that Western Europe has experienced - is also sketched, whilst mainly economic, social, political, demographic, psychological and geographical aspects are mentioned. Respecting a logical broader geopolitical and regional context, Poland and Hungary are also partly dealt with. Statistics are accompanied by some explanations, in order to see the various „faces“ of international migration (emigration versus immigration) as well as the different types of migration movements namely illegal/clandestine, legal guest-workers, political refugees and asylum seekers. Czech Sociological Review, 1994, Vol. 2 (No. 1: 89-106) 1. Introduction The aim of the first part of this contribution is to describe and explain recent as well as contemporary international migration patterns in the Czech Republic and Slovakia (and the former Czechoslovakia). The second part is devoted to sketching a possible future scenario of international migration development. In order to tackle this issue Poland and Hungary have also been taken into account. In spite of the general importance of theoretical concepts and frameworks of international migration (i.e. economic theoretical and historical-structural perspectives, psychosocial theories and systems and geographical approaches) the limited space at our disposal necessitates reference to other works that devote special attention to the problem of discussing theories1 [see e.g. -
Washington Post Obama Birth Certificate
Washington Post Obama Birth Certificate Is Martie always unstamped and knifeless when remedies some phyllody very smokelessly and uxoriously? When Florian reapplies his stridence overinsure not forgivably enough, is Frankie phrasal? Theodoric still espy rather while patrician Ken gave that contraption. All year after his presidential candidate renouncing the birth certificate purposes of controversy that is with limited His campaign's statement that Trump accepts the need of. Our website link url was born in which casts doubt about whether he pretends clinton supporters attending church in our world with what caused him on. Is made Press accept at Calling Out Birther Lies On the Media. Was Obama Born in Hawaii? Next is a certificate. Donald Trump the main supporter of false claims about Barack Obama's birthplace finally accepts the president was born in the US period. Finally on Friday Trump himself begrudgingly gave an extremely brief statement that President Barack Obama was born in the United States. Obama was born in the United States. Unmoored from the executive suite, he slide a fallback. Clinton backers to support Republican nominee Sen. Join Washingtonians Patrick Fort and Ruth Tam as sour taste their day around the refrigerator telling stories of slow change through my most iconic foods. Now we hope would open up, birth certificate of employees, a post reported by letting their birth certificate fraud. Got twisted and state and for donald trump. You know his contract called her own background is on cable tv interviews, some commentators noted boston sports and global warming is. Dubner of issuing entities by washington post obama birth certificate produced by washington is important in world ahead of fraud. -
National Tracking Poll #2102136 February 26 - March 01, 2021
National Tracking Poll #2102136 February 26 - March 01, 2021 Crosstabulation Results Methodology: This poll was conducted between February 26-March 1, 2021 among a national sample of1992 Registered Voters. The interviews were conducted online and the data were weighted to approximate a target sample of Registered Voters based on gender, educational attainment, age, race, and region. Results from the full survey have a margin of error of plus or minus 2 percentage points. Table Index 1 Table P1: Now, generally speaking, would you say that things in the country are going in the right direction, or have they pretty seriously gotten off on the wrong track? .......... 8 2 Table nr2b: Do you approve or disapprove of the job Joe Biden is doing as President? . 12 3 Table nr2bNET: Do you approve or disapprove of the job Joe Biden is doing as President? . 16 4 Table P3: Now, thinking about your vote, what would you say is the top set of issues on your mind when you cast your vote for federal offices such as U.S. Senate or Congress? . 20 5 Table POL1_1: Do you approve or disapprove of how President Biden is handling each of the following? The economy ..................................... 25 6 Table POL1_2: Do you approve or disapprove of how President Biden is handling each of the following? Jobs ......................................... 29 7 Table POL1_3: Do you approve or disapprove of how President Biden is handling each of the following? Health care ..................................... 33 8 Table POL1_4: Do you approve or disapprove of how President Biden is handling each of the following? Immigration .................................... -
Backroom Bravado
2 The German Times • Politics October 2020 continued from page 1 In contrast to the annexa- tion of Crimea in 2014 – a move that was supported by a majority of people in Russia – surveys conducted by the Backroom bravado Moscow-based Levada Center showed that only 13 percent of respondents were in favor of As both big-tent German parties gear up for the post-Merkel era, incorporating Belarus. “Most the candidate carousel is in full swing of the people surveyed think the relationship with Belarus should stay the way it is.” Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer quent foreign policy expert, more to take vocal credit for all he had However, a little more than The threat of a Russian BY LUTZ LICHTENBERGER was the early front runner. The respected than admired, have all done. Söder quickly became the half a year later, on Aug. 10, the invasion is presumably being 58-year-old had been serving as thrown their hats into the ring. Andrew Cuomo to Laschet’s Ron party empire struck back. The used more as a diversionary er era will have to come minister president of the small On March 1, Laschet would have DeSantis, the governors of New SPD’s all-powerful steering com- tactic in Moscow’s effort to to an end eventually. southwestern state of Saar- been a better’s best choice; he had York and Florida whose pandemic mittee, having already nixed a stabilize Lukashenko in less HAngela Merkel has been land until Merkel tapped her to government experience, enjoyed policies were a study in contrast. -
New Parties in the Party Systems of Central and Eastern European Countries: the Factors of Electoral Success
vol� 63(3)/2019, pp� 50–65 DOI: 10�15804/athena�2019�63�04 www�athenaeum�umk�pl ISSN 1505-2192 NEW PARTIES IN THE PARTY SYSTEMS OF CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES : THE FACTORS OF ELECTORAL SUCCESS NOWE PARTIE W SYSTEMACH PARTYJNYCH PAŃSTW EUROPY ŚRODKOWEJ I WSCHODNIEJ: CZYNNIKI WYBORCZEGO SUKCESU Maciej Marmola* — ABSTRACT — — ABSTRAKT — The aim of the presented analysis is to identify Prezentowana analiza ma na celu zidentyfikowanie factors correlated with the proportion of seats czynników wykazujących związek z odsetkiem obtained by new political parties in party systems mandatów dla nowych partii politycznych of Central and Eastern European countries� The w warunkach systemów partyjnych państw study provides an original approach to success Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej� W trakcie badań of new parties, offering factors divided into in zaproponowano autorskie zestawienie czynników four groups (political, social, institutional and mogących współwystępować z wyższym wynikiem economic factors)� The study results confirmed mandatowym nowych partii, skategoryzowanych that a higher proportion of seats obtained by w obrębie czterech grup (czynników politycznych, new parties in the investigated area correlated społecznych, instytucjonalnych oraz ekono- with lower trust in the European Union, lower micznych)� Uzyskane rezultaty potwierdziły, że institutional trust (index based on trust in the wyższy odsetek mandatów zdobytych przez nowe parliament, government and political par- ugrupowania na badanym obszarze współwy- ties), poorer evaluations -
Internal Wars and Latin American Nationalism
Internal Wars and Latin American Nationalism By Miguel Angel Centeno, Jose Miguel Cruz, Rene Flores, and Gustavo Silva Cano During several months in 2010, a very peculiar story dominated global news, culminating in 24-hour coverage October 12th-14th. Trapped for several months and at one point presumed dead, 33 Chilean miners were rescued on global TV. The narrative arc of the rescue was a typical media spectacle of fortitude, technological know-how, and human dignity, topped off by incredible success. From the beginning, the Chilean story took on a nationalistic air. When the miners were discovered alive, their first spoken message to the world was the Chilean national anthem sung in unison. From that day onward, there were scantly few images of the site and the rescue process that did not include a Chilean flag. For audiences in many parts of the world, the conjunction of tragedy, triumph, and jingoistic celebration would appear perfectly normal, and very much in line with similar events such as 9/11and 7/7. What could be more typical than an expression of national solidarity in the face of a common threat? Yet for many Latin American observers, the Chilean response seemed somewhat odd. In fact, in country after country in the region, common threats do not soothe internal divisions, but actually seem to deepen them. One could have imagined many other political narratives in the region accompanying the original accident and subsequent rescue focusing on class divisions, regional complaints, or ethnic claims; to stand with the miners as workers is one thing, to stand with them as co-nationals is another. -
February 11, 2021 Neera Tanden Director-Designate Office Of
February 11, 2021 Neera Tanden Brian Deese Director-Designate Director Office of Management and Budget National Economic Council U.S. Office of Management and Budget 1650 Pennsylvania Ave., NW 725 17th St., NW Washington, DC 20502 Washington, DC 20503 Cecilia Rouse Jeff Zients Chair-Designate Counselor to the President Council of Economic Advisers The White House 1650 Pennsylvania Ave., NW 1600 Pennsylvania. Ave., NW Washington, DC 20502 Washington, DC 20500 Director-Designate Tanden, Chair-Designate Rouse, Mr. Zients, and Director Deese, As professional economists and scholars in related fields, we know full well how important it is for the country and the American people that the Biden Administration successfully tackles the ongoing COVID-19 public health and economic crises. Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen says that to avoid a slow and protracted recovery and protect workers and communities most harmed over the past 12 months, the country must “act big.” That is why we are writing today to encourage you to consider the economic, fiscal, and public policy rationales behind including in the president’s forthcoming economic recovery and jobs plan a provision that offers a pathway to citizenship to undocumented individuals—particularly those working in jobs deemed essential to the country’s critical infrastructure during this pandemic and their families, as well as Dreamers and people with Temporary Protected Status. Such a policy would increase wages and productivity throughout the U.S. economy, create jobs, generate additional tax revenue, strengthen worker protections for immigrant and native workers alike, and lift many families out of poverty. There are today an estimated 10.4 million undocumented immigrants in the country, 5 million of whom are working in essential occupations and industries. -
Fraktion Intern Nr. 3/2017
fraktion intern* INFORMATIONSDIENST DER SPD-BUNDESTAGSFRAKTION www.spdfraktion.de nr. 03 . 12.07.2017 *Inhalt ................................................................................................................................................................................ 02 Völlige Gleichstellung: Ehe für alle gilt! 10 Mehr Transparenz über Sponsoring 03 Editorial bei Parteien 03 Bund investiert in Schulsanierung 11 Kinderehen werden verboten 04 Betriebsrente für mehr Beschäftigte 11 Paragraph 103 „Majestätsbeleidigung“ 05 Ab 2025: Gleiche Renten in Ost und West wird abgeschafft 05 Krankheit oder Unfall sollen nicht 12 Damit auch Mieter etwas von der arm machen Energiewende haben 06 Neuordnung der 12 Kosten der Energiewende Bund-Länder-Finanzbeziehungen gerechter verteilen 07 Privatisierung der Autobahnen verhindert 13 Pflegeausbildung wird reformiert 08 Einbruchdiebstahl 13 Bessere Pflege in Krankenhäusern soll effektiver bekämpft werden 14 24. Betriebs- und Personalrätekonferenz 08 Rechtssicherheit für WLAN-Hotspots 14 Afrika braucht nachhaltige Entwicklung 09 Rechtsdurchsetzung 15 33 SPD-Abgeordnete in sozialen Netzwerken wird verbessert verabschieden sich aus dem Bundestag 10 Keine staatliche Finanzierung 16 Verschiedenes für verfassungsfeindliche Parteien Mehr Informationen gibt es hier: www.spdfraktion.de www.spdfraktion.de/facebook www.spdfraktion.de/googleplus www.spdfraktion.de/twitter www.spdfraktion.de/youtube www.spdfraktion.de/flickr fraktion intern nr. 03 · 12.07.17 · rechtspolitik Völlige Gleichstellung: Ehe -
National Tracking Poll 201234
National Tracking Poll #201234 December 04-06, 2020 Crosstabulation Results Methodology: This poll was conducted from December 04-06, 2020, among a national sample of 1990 Registered Voters. The interviews were conducted online and the data were weighted to approximate a target sample of Regis- tered Voters based on age, race/ethnicity, gender, educational attainment, and region. Results from the full survey have a margin of error of plus or minus 2 percentage points. Table Index 1 Table P1: Now, generally speaking, would you say that things in the country are going in the right direction, or have they pretty seriously gotten off on the wrong track? .................. 9 2 Table Q172: Do you approve or disapprove of the job Donald Trump is doing as President? . 13 3 Table Q172NET: Do you approve or disapprove of the job Donald Trump is doing as President? . 17 4 Table P3: Now, thinking about your vote, what would you say is the top set of issues on your mind when you cast your vote for federal offices such as U.S. Senate or Congress? . 21 5 Table POL1_1: Who do you trust more to handle each of the following issues? The economy . 26 6 Table POL1_2: Who do you trust more to handle each of the following issues? Jobs . 30 7 Table POL1_3: Who do you trust more to handle each of the following issues? Health care . 34 8 Table POL1_4: Who do you trust more to handle each of the following issues? Immigration . 38 9 Table POL1_5: Who do you trust more to handle each of the following issues? The environment .